CN112154730A - Cultivation method of high-quality longan trees - Google Patents
Cultivation method of high-quality longan trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN112154730A CN112154730A CN202011185224.6A CN202011185224A CN112154730A CN 112154730 A CN112154730 A CN 112154730A CN 202011185224 A CN202011185224 A CN 202011185224A CN 112154730 A CN112154730 A CN 112154730A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method of a high-quality longan tree, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting mature and full longan seeds, irradiating the longan seeds for 1-2 hours by adopting a mixed light source of an ultraviolet lamp and a green lamp, uniformly mixing the longan seeds with a mixture of fine sand, diatomite, nano clay and nutria manure, spraying water to enable the water content to reach 7-8%, accelerating germination at 24-26 ℃, scattering the seeds in the sand, covering a 1-1.5 cm sand layer, accelerating germination for 1-2 days, and obtaining germinated seeds; (2) spraying a compound medicament to the germinated seeds, wherein the compound medicament comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7-13 parts of microzyme, 2-5 parts of EM probiotics, 0.4-0.8 part of clostridium butyricum, 1-3 parts of gibberellin and 80-120 parts of water, then sowing to obtain seedlings, and transplanting and planting the seedlings. The longan cultivated by the method has the advantages of long tree-leaving and fresh-keeping period, high edibility, large single fruit and high yield per mu, and provides high-quality longan for the market.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of longan planting, in particular to a cultivation method of a high-quality longan tree.
Background
Longan (Dimocarpus longan Long.) is also called longan, fructus Alpinae Oxyphyllae, evergreen big arbor, and tall tree. And picking the ripe fruits in 7-8 months when the fruits are yellow brown. Is a plant of Sapindaceae, the fruit is eaten raw or processed into dry product, and the meat, kernel, skin and root can be used as medicine. The fruits are nearly spherical, the diameter is 1.2-2.5 cm, the fruits are usually yellow brown or sometimes gray yellow, and the outside of the fruits is slightly rough or slightly convex; the seeds are dark brown and bright, and are all wrapped by fleshy aril. The flowering season is spring and summer, and the fruit season is summer. The climate in Hainan is too warm in winter, winter shoots are easy to be taken out, shoot rushing is easy to occur in spring warm, less flowers or no flowers are caused, the yield is reduced, and even the quality of longan is reduced. Therefore, there is a need for a cultivation method that can fundamentally overcome the above-mentioned technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a cultivation method of high-quality longan trees, which can overcome climate change and harvest high-quality longan with high yield.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a cultivation method of high-quality longan trees comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting mature and full longan seeds, irradiating the longan seeds for 1-2 hours by adopting a mixed light source of an ultraviolet lamp and a green lamp, uniformly mixing the longan seeds with a mixture of fine sand, diatomite, nano clay and nutria manure, spraying water to enable the water content to reach 7-8%, accelerating germination at 24-26 ℃, scattering the seeds in the sand, covering a 1-1.5 cm sand layer, accelerating germination for 1-2 days, and obtaining germinated seeds;
the nutria waste is excrement of healthy nutria with bamboo as main feed, and is dry, odorless, rich in fiber, etc.
(2) Spraying a compound medicament to the germinated seeds, wherein the compound medicament comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7-13 parts of microzyme, 2-5 parts of EM probiotics, 0.4-0.8 part of clostridium butyricum, 1-3 parts of gibberellin and 80-120 parts of water, then sowing to obtain seedlings, and transplanting and planting the seedlings.
Further, in the step (1), in the mixture, the weight ratio of the fine sand, the diatomite, the nano clay and the nutria bamboo feces is 10: 4-6: 0.8-1.2: 2 to 3. The preferable weight ratio is 10: 5: 1: 2.5.
further, in the step (1), the weight ratio of the longan seeds to the mixture is 1: 1.2 to 2.0.
Further, in the step (1), the irradiation distance of the mixed light source is 8-15 cm.
Further, in the step (2), the spraying amount of the compound pesticide is 18-23% of the weight of the longan seeds.
Further, in the step (2), the compound medicament comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of yeast, 3 parts of EM probiotics, 0.5 part of clostridium butyricum, 2 parts of gibberellin and 100 parts of water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the longan is cultivated by the method, the climate influence can be overcome, the cultivated longan has long tree-leaving and fresh-keeping period, high edibility, big single fruit and high yield per mu, and the longan with high quality is provided for the market. The method adopts the mixed light source irradiation of the ultraviolet lamp and the green lamp, is favorable for improving the longan seed development effect, and creates a good foundation for cultivating high-quality longan. The invention adopts nano-clay, nutria bamboos feces combined with fine sand and diatomite, is very beneficial to longan seed development and improves longan seed germination effect. The proportion of the longan seed is further optimized, the seedling raising effect is further improved, and the quality of the longan is further improved. According to the invention, the clostridium butyricum is combined with the yeast, the EM probiotics and the gibberellin, and the mixture ratio is scientific, so that the seedling raising effect is effectively improved, and the quality and the yield of the longan are improved.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
Example 1
A cultivation method of high-quality longan trees comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting mature and plump longan seeds, irradiating for 1.3h by adopting a mixed light source of an ultraviolet lamp and a green lamp, wherein the irradiation distance is 10cm, and then mixing with a mixed light source with the weight ratio of 10: 5: 1: 2.5, uniformly mixing the fine sand, the diatomite, the nano clay and the mixture of the nutria bamboo feces, wherein the weight ratio of longan seeds to the mixture is 1: 1.6, spraying water to ensure that the water content reaches 7-8%, accelerating germination at 25 ℃, scattering seeds in sand, covering a sand layer of 1-1.5 cm, accelerating germination for 2 days to obtain germinated seeds;
(2) spraying a compound medicament to the germinated seeds, wherein the spraying amount is 20% of the weight of the seeds, and the compound medicament comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of microzyme, 3 parts of EM probiotics, 0.5 part of clostridium butyricum, 2 parts of gibberellin and 100 parts of water, then sowing the mixture to obtain seedlings, and then transplanting and planting the seedlings according to a conventional method and harvesting the longan.
Example 2
A cultivation method of high-quality longan trees comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting mature and full longan seeds, irradiating for 1h by adopting an ultraviolet lamp and green lamp mixed light source, wherein the irradiation distance is 8cm, and then mixing with the longan seeds in a weight ratio of 10: 4: 1.2: 3, uniformly mixing the fine sand, the diatomite, the nano clay and the mixture of the nutria bamboo feces, wherein the weight ratio of longan seeds to the mixture is 1: 1.3, spraying water to enable the water content to reach 7-8%, accelerating germination at 25 ℃, scattering seeds in sand, covering a sand layer of 1-1.5 cm, accelerating germination for 2 days, and obtaining germinated seeds;
(2) spraying a compound medicament to the germinated seeds, wherein the spraying amount is 18% of the weight of the seeds, and the compound medicament comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of microzyme, 5 parts of EM probiotics, 0.4 part of clostridium butyricum, 1 part of gibberellin and 80 parts of water, then sowing the mixture to obtain seedlings, and transplanting and planting the seedlings according to a conventional method and harvesting the longan.
Example 3
A cultivation method of high-quality longan trees comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting mature and plump longan seeds, irradiating for 2 hours by adopting an ultraviolet lamp and green lamp mixed light source, wherein the irradiation distance is 15cm, and then mixing with the longan seeds in a weight ratio of 10: 6: 0.8: 2, uniformly mixing fine sand, diatomite, nano clay and the mixture of the nutria bamboo feces, wherein the weight ratio of longan seeds to the mixture is 1: 1.8, spraying water to enable the water content to reach 7-8%, accelerating germination at 25 ℃, scattering seeds in sand, covering a sand layer of 1-1.5 cm, accelerating germination for 2 days, and obtaining germinated seeds;
(2) spraying a compound medicament to the germinated seeds, wherein the spraying amount is 23% of the weight of the seeds, and the compound medicament comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 13 parts of microzyme, 2 parts of EM probiotics, 0.8 part of clostridium butyricum, 3 parts of gibberellin and 120 parts of water, then sowing the mixture to obtain seedlings, and transplanting, planting and harvesting the seedlings according to a conventional method.
Comparative example 1
The main difference between the present example and example 1 is that in step (1), the irradiation with the ultraviolet lamp and the green lamp mixed light source is replaced by the irradiation with the single-light-source ultraviolet lamp.
Comparative example 2
The main difference between this example and example 1 is that in step (1), the nanoclay and the nutria bamboo feces in the mixture are replaced by an equal amount of fine sand.
Comparative example 3
The present example differs from example 1 mainly in that, in step (2), clostridium butyricum is replaced with an equal amount of yeast in the composite medicament.
Comparative example 4
The present example is mainly different from example 1 in that, in step (2), the weight ratio of fine sand, diatomite, nano clay and nutria manure in the mixture is 10: 1: 2: 0.5.
test examples
The cultivation methods of the above examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4 are respectively adopted to carry out experiments in Hainan longan cultivation bases, harvest the longans, count the tree-keeping preservation period, the edible rate, the single fruit weight, the acre yield and the like of the longans, and record the taste conditions of the longans. The results are as follows:
the results show that the longan cultivated in the embodiments 1 to 3 has long tree-leaving and fresh-keeping period, high edible rate, large single fruit weight and high yield per mu, and provides high-quality longan for the market.
Compared with the example 1, the comparative example 1 is only suitable for the irradiation of a single light source ultraviolet lamp, so that the quality and the yield of the longan are obviously reduced, and the adoption of the mixed light source irradiation of the ultraviolet lamp and the green lamp is beneficial to improving the development effect of longan seeds and creates a good foundation for cultivating high-quality longan.
Compared with the example 1, the comparative example 2 has the advantages that the quality and the yield of harvested longan are reduced to some extent without adopting the nano-clay and the castoreum, and the nano-clay and the castoreum are combined with the fine sand and the diatomite, so that the development of longan seeds is facilitated, and the germination effect of the longan seeds is improved.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the comparison example 3 has the advantages that the quality and the yield of harvested longan are reduced without adding clostridium butyricum, and the result shows that the seedling raising effect is effectively improved and the quality and the yield of longan are improved by scientifically proportioning the clostridium butyricum combined with saccharomycetes, EM probiotics and gibberellin.
Compared with the example 1, the comparative example 4 has the advantages that the quality and the yield of the harvested longan are slightly reduced without adopting the mixture ratio of the mixture, and the results show that the mixture ratio is optimized by adopting the fine sand, the diatomite, the nano clay and the castoreum, so that the seedling raising effect is further improved, and the quality of the longan is further improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The cultivation method of the high-quality longan trees is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting mature and full longan seeds, irradiating the longan seeds for 1-2 hours by adopting a mixed light source of an ultraviolet lamp and a green lamp, uniformly mixing the longan seeds with a mixture of fine sand, diatomite, nano clay and nutria manure, spraying water to enable the water content to reach 7-8%, accelerating germination at 24-26 ℃, scattering the seeds in the sand, covering a 1-1.5 cm sand layer, accelerating germination for 1-2 days, and obtaining germinated seeds;
(2) spraying a compound medicament to the germinated seeds, wherein the compound medicament comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7-13 parts of microzyme, 2-5 parts of EM probiotics, 0.4-0.8 part of clostridium butyricum, 1-3 parts of gibberellin and 80-120 parts of water, then sowing to obtain seedlings, and transplanting and planting the seedlings.
2. The method for cultivating high-quality longan tree according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the weight ratio of the fine sand, the diatomite, the nano clay and the nutria bamboo feces in the mixture is 10: 4-6: 0.8-1.2: 2 to 3.
3. The method for cultivating a high-quality longan tree according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the weight ratio of the longan seeds to the mixture is 1: 1.2 to 2.0.
4. The cultivation method of high-quality longan trees, according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the irradiation distance of the mixed light source is 8-15 cm.
5. The method for cultivating high-quality longan trees according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the spraying amount of the compound pesticide is 18-23% of the weight of the longan seeds.
6. The cultivation method of high-quality longan trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the compound medicament comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of yeast, 3 parts of EM probiotics, 0.5 part of clostridium butyricum, 2 parts of gibberellin and 100 parts of water.
7. The method for cultivating high-quality longan tree as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step (1), the weight ratio of the fine sand, the diatomite, the nano clay and the nutria bamboo feces in the mixture is 10: 5: 1: 2.5.
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| CN202011185224.6A CN112154730A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Cultivation method of high-quality longan trees |
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| CN202011185224.6A CN112154730A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Cultivation method of high-quality longan trees |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105918348A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-09-07 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Medicament capable of guaranteeing quality of longan in period of keeping fresh on tree and application method thereof |
| US20170000041A1 (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2017-01-05 | Biolumic Limited | Method to improve crop yield and/or quality |
| CN107027378A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-08-11 | 北海康维生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of longan seed accelerating germination method |
| CN108094123A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-06-01 | 黄其霞 | A kind of longan sapling culture medium and preparation method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-10-30 CN CN202011185224.6A patent/CN112154730A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20170000041A1 (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2017-01-05 | Biolumic Limited | Method to improve crop yield and/or quality |
| CN105918348A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-09-07 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Medicament capable of guaranteeing quality of longan in period of keeping fresh on tree and application method thereof |
| CN107027378A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-08-11 | 北海康维生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of longan seed accelerating germination method |
| CN108094123A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-06-01 | 黄其霞 | A kind of longan sapling culture medium and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 杨国伟: "《生态学基础》", 31 October 2002, 知识出版社 * |
| 王秉忠: "《热带作物栽培学总论》", 31 May 1997, 中国农业出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20210101 |