CN112075306A - Dry direct seeding cultivation method for rice in saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Dry direct seeding cultivation method for rice in saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN112075306A CN112075306A CN202010893294.0A CN202010893294A CN112075306A CN 112075306 A CN112075306 A CN 112075306A CN 202010893294 A CN202010893294 A CN 202010893294A CN 112075306 A CN112075306 A CN 112075306A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 20
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 12
- HKPHPIREJKHECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butachlor Chemical compound CCCCOCN(C(=O)CCl)C1=C(CC)C=CC=C1CC HKPHPIREJKHECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- FIKAKWIAUPDISJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L paraquat dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].C1=C[N+](C)=CC=C1C1=CC=[N+](C)C=C1 FIKAKWIAUPDISJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Abstract
The invention discloses a dry direct seeding cultivation method for saline-alkali soil rice, and belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil rice planting. The method for directly sowing the rice in the dry land comprises the steps of (1) applying sufficient base fertilizer, (2) finely preparing soil, (3) chemically weeding, (4) rotary tillage and sowing, (5) managing water and (6) managing nutrition. By the cultivation method, the traditional salt washing mode of flood irrigation is overcome, and the consumption of fresh water is reduced; and the direct seeding cultivation of the rice on the saline-alkali soil is realized, the labor force is reduced, the rice yield is improved, and the economic benefit is higher. The reasonable management of the water content of the rice can reduce the consumption of fresh water and improve the germination rate and yield of the rice.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil rice planting, and particularly relates to a dry direct seeding cultivation method for saline-alkali soil rice.
Background
The saline-alkali soil contains more water-soluble salts and alkaline substances; therefore, the salt content is high and the alkalinity is high; humus in the soil is deficient, and the soil structure is damaged; when the water content is higher, the viscosity of the saline-alkali soil is high, and the machine cannot enter the sowing process; when the water content is low, the surface of the saline-alkali soil is dry, and an alkali layer or hardening occurs, so that the hardened soil block or alkali layer cannot be broken through after the seeds germinate, and the method is not suitable for direct seeding of rice.
The dry direct seeding technology of the rice avoids the procedures of seedling raising, transplanting and the like, saves labor force and reduces production cost; and the dry direct seeding rice has no seedling tearing injury and no green returning process after transplanting, shortens the growth period, and is beneficial to improving the rice yield and mechanical operation. However, the following problems are generally existed in the dry direct seeding of rice in saline-alkali soil based on the characteristics of saline-alkali soil: (1) in drought, soil is hardened, which is not beneficial to the whole seedling of rice; (2) when the soil is wet, the soil is sticky, and the planting machine is difficult to operate; (3) the soil has low humus content, high saline-alkali property and large effect on salt damage of crops; in order to reduce the salinity and alkalinity of the soil, the salt is washed by adopting a large water flood irrigation mode; however, saline-alkali areas are often lack of fresh water resources, and the manner of flood irrigation undoubtedly increases the production cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for directly seeding rice on saline-alkali soil in a dry land; the method overcomes the defects that the traditional salt washing mode of flood irrigation is adopted, and the consumption of fresh water is reduced; and the direct seeding cultivation of the rice on the saline-alkali soil is realized, the labor force is reduced, the rice yield is improved, and the economic benefit is higher.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for directly seeding rice on saline-alkali soil in a dry land comprises the following steps:
(1) applying enough base fertilizer: the base fertilizer is decomposed organic matter matched with a ternary compound fertilizer, the application amount of the decomposed organic matter is 1.5T/mu, and the using amount of the ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is 40 kg/mu;
(2) fine land preparation: carrying out rotary tillage and soil preparation, wherein the tillage depth is 20 cm; leveling the field surface to 5 per mill, and arranging an automatic irrigation system in the field;
(3) chemical weeding: before deep ploughing, weeding by adopting chemical pesticide;
(4) rotary tillage and seeding: rotary tillage is carried out on the soil by a rotary cultivator, the rotary tillage depth is 20-25cm, and saline-alkali resistant rice varieties are selected; directly sowing by adopting a rice sowing machine;
(5) water content management: after sowing, arranging sprinkling irrigation equipment to enable the spraying range to cover the whole sowing range, and carrying out sprinkling irrigation for 0.5-1.25h in the morning and evening every day to enable the water content of the soil with the thickness of 0-20cm to reach 60-90%; thereby ensuring that the rice can smoothly drill out of the soil after sprouting;
(6) and (3) nutrition management:
when a water layer is established in the rice field at the 3-4 leaf stage of the rice, applying a leaf fertilizer and a silicon fertilizer as tillering fertilizers;
applying 2kg of phosphate fertilizer per mu before rice blossoms to promote flower bud differentiation;
and applying a leaf fertilizer containing high potassium as a spike fertilizer at the time of booting after jointing, wherein 1-2kg of the leaf fertilizer is applied per mu.
On the basis of the scheme, the water management in the step (5) is to spray the water for 0.75-1 hour in the morning and evening every day to ensure that the water content of the soil with the thickness of 0-20cm reaches 70-80%.
The technical scheme of the invention has the advantages that:
by the cultivation method, the traditional salt washing mode of flood irrigation is overcome, and the consumption of fresh water is reduced; and the direct seeding cultivation of the rice on the saline-alkali soil is realized, the labor force is reduced, the rice yield is improved, and the economic benefit is higher. The reasonable management of the water content of the rice can reduce the consumption of fresh water and improve the germination rate and yield of the rice.
Detailed Description
Terms used in the present invention have generally meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, unless otherwise specified.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following data in conjunction with specific examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Example 1
A method for directly seeding rice on saline-alkali soil in a dry land comprises the following steps:
(1) applying enough base fertilizer: the base fertilizer is decomposed organic matter matched with a ternary compound fertilizer, the application amount of the decomposed organic matter is 1.5T/mu, and the using amount of the ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is 40 kg/mu;
(2) fine land preparation: rotary tillage and soil preparation, wherein the tillage depth is 20cm, and the main purposes of deep tillage, soil crushing and soil moisture preservation are achieved; the field surface is leveled to 5 per thousand, and an automatic irrigation system is arranged in the field, so that the seedling leveling, the full seedling and the soil water retention are facilitated;
(3) chemical weeding: before deep ploughing, weeding by adopting chemical pesticide; 250-300 g of chemical pesticide butachlor is mixed with 50kg of water, and the mixture is sprayed on the ground to seal weeds in the field; if more weeds are adopted, 250 mL/mu of paraquat is firstly adopted, and the weeds are sprayed by 300 times and then sealed;
(4) rotary tillage and seeding: carrying out rotary tillage on the soil by a rotary cultivator, carrying out rotary tillage with the depth of 20-25cm, and selecting saline-alkali resistant rice variety YC-YF 47; directly sowing by adopting a rice sowing machine;
(5) water content management: after sowing, arranging sprinkling irrigation equipment to enable the spraying range to cover the whole sowing range, and carrying out sprinkling irrigation for 0.5h in the morning and evening every day to enable the water content of the soil with the thickness of 0-20cm to reach 60%; thereby ensuring that the rice can smoothly drill out of the soil after sprouting; the sprinkling irrigation belts used by the invention are 4 meters on the left and right, so the sprinkling irrigation belts are arranged at intervals of 4 meters;
(6) and (3) nutrition management:
when a water layer is established in the rice field at the 3-4 leaf stage of the rice, applying a leaf fertilizer and a silicon fertilizer as tillering fertilizers to promote the growth and development of plants;
applying 2kg of phosphate fertilizer per mu before rice blossoms to promote flower bud differentiation;
and applying a leaf fertilizer containing high potassium as a spike fertilizer at the time of booting after jointing, wherein 1-2kg of the leaf fertilizer is applied per mu.
Example 2
A method for directly seeding rice on saline-alkali soil in a dry land comprises the following steps:
(1) applying enough base fertilizer: the base fertilizer is decomposed organic matter matched with a ternary compound fertilizer, the application amount of the decomposed organic matter is 1.5T/mu, and the using amount of the ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is 40 kg/mu;
(2) fine land preparation: rotary tillage and soil preparation, wherein the tillage depth is 20cm, and the main purposes of deep tillage, soil crushing and soil moisture preservation are achieved; the field surface is leveled to 5 per thousand, and an automatic irrigation system is arranged in the field, so that the seedling leveling, the full seedling and the soil water retention are facilitated;
(3) chemical weeding: before deep ploughing, weeding by adopting chemical pesticide; 250-300 g of chemical pesticide butachlor is mixed with 50kg of water, and the mixture is sprayed on the ground to seal weeds in the field; if more weeds are adopted, 250 mL/mu of paraquat is firstly adopted, and the weeds are sprayed by 300 times and then sealed;
(4) rotary tillage and seeding: carrying out rotary tillage on the soil by a rotary cultivator, carrying out rotary tillage with the depth of 20-25cm, and selecting saline-alkali resistant rice variety YC-YF 47; directly sowing by adopting a rice sowing machine;
(5) water content management: after sowing, arranging sprinkling irrigation equipment to enable the spraying range to cover the whole sowing range, and carrying out sprinkling irrigation for 0.75h in the morning and evening every day to enable the water content of the soil with the thickness of 0-20cm to reach 70%; thereby ensuring that the rice can smoothly drill out of the soil after sprouting; the sprinkling irrigation belts used by the invention are 4 meters on the left and right, so the sprinkling irrigation belts are arranged at intervals of 4 meters;
(6) and (3) nutrition management:
when a water layer is established in the rice field at the 3-4 leaf stage of the rice, applying a leaf fertilizer and a silicon fertilizer as tillering fertilizers to promote the growth and development of plants;
applying 2kg of phosphate fertilizer per mu before rice blossoms to promote flower bud differentiation;
and applying a leaf fertilizer containing high potassium as a spike fertilizer at the time of booting after jointing, wherein 1-2kg of the leaf fertilizer is applied per mu.
Example 3
A method for directly seeding rice on saline-alkali soil in a dry land comprises the following steps:
(1) applying enough base fertilizer: the base fertilizer is decomposed organic matter matched with a ternary compound fertilizer, the application amount of the decomposed organic matter is 1.5T/mu, and the using amount of the ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is 40 kg/mu;
(2) fine land preparation: rotary tillage and soil preparation, wherein the tillage depth is 20cm, and the main purposes of deep tillage, soil crushing and soil moisture preservation are achieved; the field surface is leveled to 5 per thousand, and an automatic irrigation system is arranged in the field, so that the seedling leveling, the full seedling and the soil water retention are facilitated;
(3) chemical weeding: before deep ploughing, weeding by adopting chemical pesticide; 250-300 g of chemical pesticide butachlor is mixed with 50kg of water, and the mixture is sprayed on the ground to seal weeds in the field; if more weeds are adopted, 250 mL/mu of paraquat is firstly adopted, and the weeds are sprayed by 300 times and then sealed;
(4) rotary tillage and seeding: carrying out rotary tillage on the soil by a rotary cultivator, carrying out rotary tillage with the depth of 20-25cm, and selecting saline-alkali resistant rice variety YC-YF 47; directly sowing by adopting a rice sowing machine;
(5) water content management: after sowing, arranging sprinkling irrigation equipment to enable the spraying range to cover the whole sowing range, and carrying out sprinkling irrigation for 1 hour in the morning and evening every day to enable the water content of the soil with the thickness of 0-20cm to reach 80%; thereby ensuring that the rice can smoothly drill out of the soil after sprouting; the sprinkling irrigation belts used by the invention are 4 meters on the left and right, so the sprinkling irrigation belts are arranged at intervals of 4 meters;
(6) and (3) nutrition management:
when a water layer is established in the rice field at the 3-4 leaf stage of the rice, applying a leaf fertilizer and a silicon fertilizer as tillering fertilizers to promote the growth and development of plants;
applying 2kg of phosphate fertilizer per mu before rice blossoms to promote flower bud differentiation;
and applying a leaf fertilizer containing high potassium as a spike fertilizer at the time of booting after jointing, wherein 1-2kg of the leaf fertilizer is applied per mu.
Example 4
A method for directly seeding rice on saline-alkali soil in a dry land comprises the following steps:
(1) applying enough base fertilizer: the base fertilizer is decomposed organic matter matched with a ternary compound fertilizer, the application amount of the decomposed organic matter is 1.5T/mu, and the using amount of the ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is 40 kg/mu;
(2) fine land preparation: rotary tillage and soil preparation, wherein the tillage depth is 20cm, and the main purposes of deep tillage, soil crushing and soil moisture preservation are achieved; the field surface is leveled to 5 per thousand, and an automatic irrigation system is arranged in the field, so that the seedling leveling, the full seedling and the soil water retention are facilitated;
(3) chemical weeding: before deep ploughing, weeding by adopting chemical pesticide; 250-300 g of chemical pesticide butachlor is mixed with 50kg of water, and the mixture is sprayed on the ground to seal weeds in the field; if more weeds are adopted, 250 mL/mu of paraquat is firstly adopted, and the weeds are sprayed by 300 times and then sealed;
(4) rotary tillage and seeding: carrying out rotary tillage on the soil by a rotary cultivator, carrying out rotary tillage with the depth of 20-25cm, and selecting saline-alkali resistant rice variety YC-YF 47; directly sowing by adopting a rice sowing machine;
(5) water content management: after sowing, arranging sprinkling irrigation equipment to enable the spraying range to cover the whole sowing range, and carrying out sprinkling irrigation for 1.25h in the morning and evening every day to enable the water content of the soil with the thickness of 0-20cm to reach 90%; thereby ensuring that the rice can smoothly drill out of the soil after sprouting; the sprinkling irrigation belts used by the invention are 4 meters on the left and right, so the sprinkling irrigation belts are arranged at intervals of 4 meters;
(6) and (3) nutrition management:
when a water layer is established in the rice field at the 3-4 leaf stage of the rice, applying a leaf fertilizer and a silicon fertilizer as tillering fertilizers to promote the growth and development of plants;
applying 2kg of phosphate fertilizer per mu before rice blossoms to promote flower bud differentiation;
and applying a leaf fertilizer containing high potassium as a spike fertilizer at the time of booting after jointing, wherein 1-2kg of the leaf fertilizer is applied per mu.
Comparative example 1
A method for directly seeding rice on saline-alkali soil in a dry land comprises the following steps:
(1) applying enough base fertilizer: the base fertilizer is decomposed organic matter matched with a ternary compound fertilizer, the application amount of the decomposed organic matter is 1.5T/mu, and the using amount of the ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is 40 kg/mu;
(2) fine land preparation: rotary tillage and soil preparation, wherein the tillage depth is 20cm, and the main purposes of deep tillage, soil crushing and soil moisture preservation are achieved; the field surface is leveled to 5 per thousand, and an automatic irrigation system is arranged in the field, so that the seedling leveling, the full seedling and the soil water retention are facilitated;
(3) chemical weeding: before deep ploughing, weeding by adopting chemical pesticide; 250-300 g of chemical pesticide butachlor is mixed with 50kg of water, and the mixture is sprayed on the ground to seal weeds in the field; if more weeds are adopted, 250 mL/mu of paraquat is firstly adopted, and the weeds are sprayed by 300 times and then sealed;
(4) rotary tillage and seeding: carrying out rotary tillage on the soil by a rotary cultivator, carrying out rotary tillage with the depth of 20-25cm, and selecting saline-alkali resistant rice variety YC-YF 47; directly sowing by adopting a rice sowing machine;
(5) water content management: flood irrigation is carried out, and the depth of water in the field is ensured to be about 2 cm;
(6) and (3) nutrition management:
when a water layer is established in the rice field at the 3-4 leaf stage of the rice, applying a leaf fertilizer and a silicon fertilizer as tillering fertilizers to promote the growth and development of plants;
applying 2kg of phosphate fertilizer per mu before rice blossoms to promote flower bud differentiation;
and applying a leaf fertilizer containing high potassium as a spike fertilizer at the time of booting after jointing, wherein 1-2kg of the leaf fertilizer is applied per mu.
Table 1 Rice planting results of each group
| Group of | Bud ratio | Amount of water used | Yield of the product |
| Example 1 | 82％ | 14m3Per mu | 400.32 kg/mu |
| Example 2 | 89％ | 16m3Per mu | 480.59 kg/mu |
| Example 3 | 90％ | 18m3Per mu | 489.17 kg/mu |
| Example 4 | 86％ | 20m3Per mu | 450.36 kg/mu |
| Comparative example 1 | 65％ | 23m3Per mu | 301.08 kg/mu |
As can be seen from Table 1, when the water content of the soil of 0-20cm is low, the germination rate of rice is low and the water consumption is low; the germination rate is increased along with the increase of the water content of the soil of 0-20cm, but the water consumption is also increased; when the water content of the soil with the thickness of 0-20cm is 70% and 80%, the germination rate and yield of the soil with the thickness of 0-20cm are not greatly different, and water conservation and yield are comprehensively considered, and 70% is recommended to be the best; when the water content of the soil with the thickness of 0-20cm is 90%, the germination rate and the yield of the rice are reduced compared with those of the examples 2 and 3, and the water consumption is large; when a large water flood irrigation mode is adopted, the germination rate and the yield are far lower than those of the planting method.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a few embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but rather, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for directly seeding rice on saline-alkali soil in a dry land is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) applying enough base fertilizer: the base fertilizer is decomposed organic matters matched with a ternary compound fertilizer, the application amount of the decomposed organic matters is 1.5T/mu, and the using amount of the ternary compound fertilizer is 40 kg/mu;
(2) fine land preparation: carrying out rotary tillage and soil preparation, wherein the tillage depth is 20 cm; leveling the field surface to 5 per mill, and arranging an automatic irrigation system in the field;
(3) chemical weeding: before deep ploughing, weeding by adopting chemical pesticide;
(4) rotary tillage and seeding: rotary tillage is carried out on the soil by a rotary cultivator, the rotary tillage depth is 20-25cm, and saline-alkali resistant rice varieties are selected; directly sowing by adopting a rice sowing machine;
(5) water content management: after sowing, arranging sprinkling irrigation equipment to enable the spraying range to cover the whole sowing range, and carrying out sprinkling irrigation for 0.5-1.25h in the morning and evening every day to enable the water content of the soil with the thickness of 0-20cm to reach 60-80%; thereby ensuring that the rice can smoothly drill out of the soil after sprouting;
(6) and (3) nutrition management:
when a water layer is established in the rice field at the 3-4 leaf stage of the rice, applying a leaf fertilizer and a silicon fertilizer as tillering fertilizers;
applying 2kg of phosphate fertilizer per mu before rice blossoms to promote flower bud differentiation;
and applying a leaf fertilizer containing high potassium as a spike fertilizer at the time of booting after jointing, wherein 1-2kg of the leaf fertilizer is applied per mu.
2. The method for cultivating paddy rice on saline-alkali land on dry land as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water management in step (5) is to spray the paddy rice in the morning and evening for 0.75-1h each day to make the water content of the soil of 0-20cm reach 70-80%.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114342754A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-15 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Dry rice direct seeding mulching drip irrigation cultivation system and application thereof in dry rice planting |
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| CN109874621A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-06-14 | 宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所（宁夏回族自治区农作物育种中心） | A kind of rice precision amount direct-sowing dry cultural method |
| CN110199802A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-06 | 宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所（宁夏回族自治区农作物育种中心） | A kind of direct sowing on dry paddy field cultural method |
| CN110199806A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-06 | 湖南人文科技学院 | A kind of paddy machinery direct-sowing cultivating method |
| CN110856469A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-03-03 | 华中农业大学 | Cultivation method for direct seeding and half-period dry farming of rice |
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