CN107466759A - The live sprinkling irrigation cultural method of rice dry land - Google Patents
The live sprinkling irrigation cultural method of rice dry land Download PDFInfo
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- CN107466759A CN107466759A CN201710943066.8A CN201710943066A CN107466759A CN 107466759 A CN107466759 A CN 107466759A CN 201710943066 A CN201710943066 A CN 201710943066A CN 107466759 A CN107466759 A CN 107466759A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
Abstract
The live sprinkling irrigation cultural method of rice dry land, it is related to a kind of Rice In Drought Rice Nursery implantation methods.The invention aims to solve the problems, such as that it is big that existing paddy planting rice has water consumption.The live sprinkling irrigation cultural method of rice dry land：First, site preparation；2nd, choose seeds；3rd, seed treatment, bud kind is obtained after drying；4th, sow；5th, fertilizing management：1., basal dressing；2., seed manure；3., top dressing；6th, field weeding；7th, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；8th, field sprinkler；9th, harvest, complete rice harves.Advantage：Effectively water saving strengthens Rice Drought Resistence ability up to more than 3 times.Present invention is mainly used for the live sprinkling irrigation cultivation of rice dry land.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Rice In Drought Rice Nursery implantation methods.
Background technology
Heilongjiang Reclamation Area build space management board is China important goods grain japonica rice production base, Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area 975.68
Ten thousand mu, its year irrigation water capacity is up to 39.2 billion cubic meters.Due to using flood irrigation mode, cause water resource waste very surprising, mu
Equal water consumption is up to 550 cubic metres, and sustainable development of the so highly water intensive plantation to rice industry constitutes severe challenge.For
Agriculture stable yields volume increase is realized, changes agricultural development mode, development cost-saving synergistic agricultural, tries to explore the development that novel water-saving increases grain
Road, greatly develop rice dry land it is live sprinkling irrigation cultivation technique it is significant.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, such as that it is big that existing paddy planting rice has a water consumption, and improve a kind of rice
The live sprinkling irrigation cultural method of dry land.
The live sprinkling irrigation cultural method of rice dry land, is specifically realized by the following steps：
First, site preparation：Completed the autumn before October 31 to plough operation 1 time, depth is 35cm~40cm, Second Year April in spring
Operation 2 times of raking the soil level is carried out, depth of raking the soil level is 16cm~18cm；
2nd, choose seeds：Select imperial round-grained rice 31 or imperial round-grained rice 43 to be used as rice paddy seed, and screened, obtain japonica rice seed；
3rd, seed treatment：1., using strong sprout seed coat agent to japonica rice seed carry out seed machinery coating, be then charged into seed soaking
Dried in the shade in bag, seed rice after being coated；2., using 5000~7000 times of liquid of 25% 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate suspending agent to seed rice after coating
Soaked seed, complete presoaking and germinating before first 2 days of sowing, bud kind is obtained after drying；
4th, sow：When soil moisture content is below 26%, and topsoil 5cm soil stabilizations are by 7 DEG C, using llanura
Seeder is sowed to bud kind, and application rate is 12kg/ mus, and seed level is 1cm~1.5cm, and sowing line-spacing is 15cm, seeding belt position
At base manure band side 3cm~5cm；
5th, fertilizing management：
1., basal dressing：Basal dressing is carried out using side deep fertilizing mode, depth is 5cm~7cm, line-spacing 15cm；Base manure is applied
Fertilizer amount is 17kg/ mus, so base manure is made up of 4 parts of urea, 8 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and 5 parts of potassium chloride；
2., seed manure：When bud kind is sowed under band seed manure, the dose of seed manure is 8kg/ mus, so seed manure is by 2 parts of urine
Element, 4 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and 2 parts of potash fertilizer compositions；
3., top dressing：(1) tillering fertilizer of turning green, is imposed with fertilizer applicator in the leaf phase of rice 4, the dose for tillering fertilizer of turning green is
8kg/ mus, so tillering fertilizer of turning green is made up of 5 parts of urea and 3 parts of ammonium sulfate；(2), 2 leaves dew point is fallen to growing half in rice
When, blade face is carried out using water-fertilizer integral form and imposes ear manuer, the ear manuer by urea, the rich organic fertilizer of love, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and
Rice vinegar forms, and the applied amount of urea is 250g/ mus in ear manuer, and the applied amount for liking rich organic fertilizer is 100g/ mus, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Applied amount be 150g/ mus, the applied amount of rice vinegar is 100mL/ mus；
6th, field weeding：Before seedling closing weeding one time, after seedling stalk leaf weedicide one time；
7th, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Prevented and treated according to rice growing way, variable rate technology；
8th, field sprinkler：Rice at whole growth periods water requirement is entered in addition to natural precipitation is fed using large-scale transitional sprinkling machine
Row Spray irrigation, each Spray irrigation is untill soil saturation；
9th, harvest：The straight receipts of machinery are carried out when Rice Panicle yellow complete ripeness rate reaches more than 95%, complete rice harves.
Advantage of the present invention：
(1) rice cropping entire mechanization, large-scale production are realized, such as sowing, fertilising, irrigation, weeding, preventing and treating disease pest
The processes such as evil using plant equipment operation is modernized, improve production efficiency, reduce labor intensity.
(2) effectively save water resource：Rice conventional cultivation water consumption is 400~450 cubic metres/mu.Rice In Drought Rice Nursery of the present invention
The live sprinkling irrigation cultural method in field can make full use of 400~500 millimeters of natural precipitation between 5~September, and breeding time is depending on needing regimen condition to spray
Moisturizing 3~4 times, every mu of moisturizing is no more than 100 cubic metres, with regard to that can meet normal development and obtain 400-500 kgs/acre of paddy
Yield.Direct-sowing dry sprinkling irrigation cultivation 1 kilogram of paddy of production needs 0.25 cubic metre of moisturizing, and conventional rice cultivation often produces l kilograms
Paddy needs to pour water 0.75 cubic metre, and the more conventional rice cropping of direct-sowing dry rice sprinkling irrigation cultivation utility rate of water improves 2-3 times or so.1
Hectare conventional rice cultivation water, the needs of 3-4 hectare direct-sowing dry rice are available for, effectively water saving is up to more than 3 times.
(3) dry planting and dry administration is taken in direct sowing on dry paddy field cultivation, the anhydrous layer-management of rice at whole growth periods, eliminates Chi Geng, can save
About 1%~2% arable land, improves land utilization ratio.
(4) rice root is flourishing：Soil hardening and water shortage caused by direct sowing on dry paddy field sprinkling irrigation cultivation can prevent broad irrigation
Serious cracking phenomenon afterwards.Rice grows under the conditions of loose dry land, and underground branch root is substantially flourishing, and it is prosperous that root hair secretes oxygen function
Contain.Same rice varieties plantation, compared with nonirrigated farmland plantation sows plant with paddy field condition, its root is thicker, Bai Genduo, Gen Maomi, root system
It is also deeper in SOIL DISTRIBUTION.
(5) energy-conserving and environment-protective, pest and disease damage is reduced：Conventional rice cultivation is dependent on irrigation.Irrigate along with Heavy environmental pollution.
Irrigate rice and discharge a large amount of methane, methane is one of an important factor for causing global warming, also creates aquatic disease spread.
Because of its breeding time no water layer, the banded sclerotial blight incidence of disease is almost nil for direct-sowing dry sprinkling irrigation cultivation, so can reduce pesticide dosage 5% with
On.Direct sowing on dry paddy field sprinkling irrigation cultivation is promoted, is advantageous to the worsening ecological environment of protection.
(6) corn and soybean market price risk is reduced：Lower benefit is low, causes dry land continuous cropping corn.Corn, which exits, faces storage
Afterwards, purchasing price in 2016 is down to 0.84 yuan/kilogram, and maize planting can almost be talked without benefit, and continuous cropping corn more aggravates
Crop disease and insect occurs, and direct sowing on dry paddy field sprinkler irrigation technique can effectively reduce what corn soybean market price risk was brought to planting household
Loss, lift planting household benefit.
Embodiment
Embodiment one：Present embodiment is the live sprinkling irrigation cultural method of rice dry land, specifically according to the following steps
Complete：
First, site preparation：Completed the autumn before October 31 to plough operation 1 time, depth is 35cm~40cm, Second Year April in spring
Operation 2 times of raking the soil level is carried out, depth of raking the soil level is 16cm~18cm；
2nd, choose seeds：Select imperial round-grained rice 31 or imperial round-grained rice 43 to be used as rice paddy seed, and screened, obtain japonica rice seed；
3rd, seed treatment：1., using strong sprout seed coat agent to japonica rice seed carry out seed machinery coating, be then charged into seed soaking
Dried in the shade in bag, seed rice after being coated；2., using 5000~7000 times of liquid of 25% 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate suspending agent to seed rice after coating
Soaked seed, complete presoaking and germinating before first 2 days of sowing, bud kind is obtained after drying；
4th, sow：When soil moisture content is below 26%, and topsoil 5cm soil stabilizations are by 7 DEG C, using llanura
Seeder is sowed to bud kind, and application rate is 12kg/ mus, and seed level is 1cm~1.5cm, and sowing line-spacing is 15cm, seeding belt position
At base manure band side 3cm~5cm；
5th, fertilizing management：
1., basal dressing：Basal dressing is carried out using side deep fertilizing mode, depth is 5cm~7cm, line-spacing 15cm；Base manure is applied
Fertilizer amount is 17kg/ mus, so base manure is made up of 4 parts of urea, 8 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and 5 parts of potassium chloride；
2., seed manure：When bud kind is sowed under band seed manure, the dose of seed manure is 8kg/ mus, so seed manure is by 2 parts of urine
Element, 4 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and 2 parts of potash fertilizer compositions；
3., top dressing：(1) tillering fertilizer of turning green, is imposed with fertilizer applicator in the leaf phase of rice 4, the dose for tillering fertilizer of turning green is
8kg/ mus, so tillering fertilizer of turning green is made up of 5 parts of urea and 3 parts of ammonium sulfate；(2), 2 leaves dew point is fallen to growing half in rice
When, blade face is carried out using water-fertilizer integral form and imposes ear manuer, the ear manuer by urea, the rich organic fertilizer of love, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and
Rice vinegar forms, and the applied amount of urea is 250g/ mus in ear manuer, and the applied amount for liking rich organic fertilizer is 100g/ mus, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Applied amount be 150g/ mus, the applied amount of rice vinegar is 100mL/ mus；
6th, field weeding：Before seedling closing weeding one time, after seedling stalk leaf weedicide one time；
7th, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Prevented and treated according to rice growing way, variable rate technology；
8th, field sprinkler：Rice at whole growth periods water requirement is entered in addition to natural precipitation is fed using large-scale transitional sprinkling machine
Row Spray irrigation, each Spray irrigation is untill soil saturation；
9th, harvest：The straight receipts of machinery are carried out when Rice Panicle yellow complete ripeness rate reaches more than 95%, complete rice harves.
Plough operation or work standard：
1st, big plough and shallow reversing and chiseling plow tillage operation, it is necessary to rest the head on moat with beating, ground rests the head on moat width more than 20 meters, carries out 3rd area
Above multi-region one along the line of the other one so as to plough deeper operation, opening and closing ridge is reduced to greatest extent.
2nd, need to wear furrow-dammer operation in the case of conditions permit.
3rd, it is deep：35~40cm of subsoiling.
4th, put down：Site preparation will be put down, and difference of height is no more than 2 centimetres in same operation width or in adjacent width；
5th, it is broken：Site preparation is thin, soil block of the every square metre of interior diameter more than 5 centimetres be no more than 3 (autumn ridging number site preparation not
It is meticulous, prevent winter snows from causing soil hardening greatly)；
6th, thoroughly：There is 10~15cm seedbed of loosening the soil；
7th, it is close：Back and forth combine tightly tillage operation, it is not heavy not leak, do not go out to be opened and closed ridge, not Liu Shengge.
8th, it is neat：Side is arrived to the end, and the edge of a field is neat.
Rake the soil level operation or work standard：
1st, operation, 16~18cm of depth of raking the soil level are carried out with 30 °~45° angle.Entire technique state is intact, does not float rake, scraping
Defect, clear soil is not effective for plate.
2nd, to the edge of a field to limes marginis, it is defined by limes marginis without weeds；
3rd, independent reciprocating working is wanted once in the edge of a field；
4th, mandatory leveller must be worn and carry out operation, do not stay raw grid；
Rotation ground operation or work standard：
1st, rotation ground depth soil after more than 18cm, rotary tillage is in small, broken bits, and soil block diameter is not more than 5cm；
2nd, to the edge of a field to limes marginis, it is defined by limes marginis without weeds；
3rd, independent reciprocating working is wanted once in the edge of a field；
4th, rotary tillage process otherwise weight do not leak, do not stay raw grid.
Present embodiment uses llanura seeder, and sowing wide cut is 3.6 meters, can disposably sow 24 rows, line-spacing is
0.15 meter.Llanura seeder is sowed applied to rice dry land, can accurately control application rate, sowing line-spacing and depth of planting,
Rice mechanization precise sowing is realized, seedling, transplanting two technical difficulty height, the recruitment for saving conventional rice cultivation are more, throwing
Enter and waste the link such as big, beneficial to realizing large area mechanization and large-scale production.
Present embodiment uses translation type sprinkler, and it has high, the big, strong adaptability of control area of automaticity etc. excellent
Point.
1. the advance of giant sprinkler, compared with surface irrigation can saving of labor more than 90%, can compared with other irrigation sprinklers
Saving of labor 25-75%, simple operation, operating efficiency are high；2. quality of pouring water is good, being adjusted in irrigating water quota 5-100mm, the uniformity is high,
Coefficient of uniformity is up to more than 85%；Using low pressure shower nozzle and installation of hanging low, energy consumption is reduced, improves wind loading rating；3. strong adaptability,
Climbing capacity is up to 30 °, almost suitably all crops and soil；4. a tractor serves several purposes, it can combine and spray chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals etc., for
Nitrogenous fertilizer solution has good spraying effect.5. irrigate, irrigation by mechanical power equipment (such as hose fed travelling sprinkler machine, center of other movements
Branch shaft type irrigation sprinkler) etc. can because field is muddy skid reduce irrigation efficiency, translation type sprinkler is operationally asked in the absence of this
Topic.
Embodiment two：The difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is：Raked the soil level in step 1 operation 2
Rotation ground operation 1 time is carried out after, rotation ground depth is in more than 18cm.Other embodiments one are identical.
Embodiment three：Present embodiment is with one of embodiment one or two difference：Institute in step 5
State and blade face is carried out using water-fertilizer integral form to impose ear manuer specific operation process as follows：It is by the applied amount of urea first
250g/ mus, the applied amount of the rich organic fertilizer of love are 100g/ mus, the applied amount that the applied amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 150g/ mus and rice vinegar
Ear manuer is configured for 100mL/ mus, in the agitator tank that ear manuer injection is connected with irrigation sprinkler, is injected and sprayed by irrigation sprinkler Water Source Pumping Station
In the main pipeline of filling machine, ear manuer is sprayed together with water.Other embodiments one or two are identical.
Embodiment four：Present embodiment is with one of embodiment one to three difference：Institute in step 6
It is as follows to state before seedling closing weeding specific operation process：Before seedling closing weeding is carried out before being emerged after broadcasting, using mechanical spraying form
Herbicide before seedling stage is sprayed by spouting liquid for 200L/ hectares~300L/ hectares, the herbicide before seedling stage is by water, 25% Evil
Humulone missible oil and 60% butachlor ec composition, and the usage amount of 25% Evil humulone missible oil is 1.5L/ hectares, 60% butachlor is newborn
The usage amount of oil is 1.5L/ hectares.Other embodiments one to three are identical.
Specific embodiment party five：Present embodiment is with one of embodiment one to four difference：Described in step 6
After seedling stalk leaf weedicide specific operation process is as follows：After seedling stalk leaf weedicide is carried out in 3 leaf of weeds, using mechanical spraying form by seedling
Herbicide is that 150L/ hectares~200L/ hectares are sprayed by spouting liquid afterwards, and the herbicide after seedling is by water, 10% cyanogen fluorine grass
Emulsifiable concentrate, 48% bentazone aqua and the dispersible oil-suspending agent composition of 2.5% penoxsuam, and 10% cyhalofop-butyl missible oil
Usage amount is 1.5L/ hectares, and the usage amount of 48% bentazone aqua is 2.25L/ hectares, the dispersible oil of 2.5% penoxsuam
The usage amount of suspending agent is 1.2L/ hectares.Other embodiments one to four are identical.
Specific embodiment party six：Present embodiment is with one of embodiment one to five difference：Described in step 6
Field sprinkler controls as follows according to paddy growth period different in moisture：
Seedling stage：Guarantee accounts for 20cm soil moisture contents not less than 85%；
Early stage in tillering stage：Guarantee accounts for 20cm soil moisture contents not less than 80%；
Tillering stage mid-term：Guarantee accounts for 20cm soil moisture contents not less than 80%；
Later stage in tillering stage：Guarantee accounts for 20cm soil moisture contents not less than 20%；
Jointing stage：Guarantee accounts for 30cm soil moisture contents not less than 90%；
Boot stage：Guarantee accounts for 30cm soil moisture contents not less than 90%；
Heading stage：Guarantee accounts for 40cm soil moisture contents not less than 85%；
Florescence：Guarantee accounts for 40cm soil moisture contents not less than 85%；
Pustulation period：Guarantee accounts for 40cm soil moisture contents not less than 70%；
Milk stage：Guarantee accounts for 40cm soil moisture contents not less than 70%.
Other embodiments one to five are identical.
Specific embodiment party seven：Present embodiment is with one of embodiment one to six difference：Work as water in step 9
Yellow complete ripeness rate in spike of rice portion reaches more than 95%, and paddy moisture it is near less than 16% when carry out that machinery is straight to be received, complete rice and receive
Obtain.Other embodiments one to six are identical.
Present invention is not limited only to the content of the respective embodiments described above, the group of one of them or several embodiments
Contract sample can also realize the purpose of invention.
Using following verification experimental verifications effect of the present invention
Embodiment 1：Using the japonica rice production base of Heilongjiang Reclamation Area build space management board as the present embodiment experimental field：
The live sprinkling irrigation cultural method of rice dry land, is specifically realized by the following steps：
First, site preparation：Completed the autumn before October 31 to plough operation 1 time, Second Year carries out operation 2 times of raking the soil level April in spring, so
Rotation ground operation 1 time afterwards；
2nd, choose seeds：Select imperial round-grained rice 43 to be used as rice paddy seed, and screened, obtain japonica rice seed；
3rd, seed treatment：1., using strong sprout seed coat agent to japonica rice seed carry out seed machinery coating, be then charged into seed soaking
Dried in the shade in bag, seed rice after being coated；2., using 6000 times of liquid of 25% 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate suspending agent seed rice after coating is soaked
Kind, presoaking and germinating is completed before first 2 days of sowing, bud kind is obtained after drying；
4th, sow：When soil moisture content is below 26%, and topsoil 5cm soil stabilizations are by 7 DEG C, using llanura
Seeder is sowed to bud kind, and application rate is 12kg/ mus, and seed level is 1cm~1.5cm, and sowing line-spacing is 15cm, seeding belt position
At base manure band side 3cm~5cm；
5th, fertilizing management：
1., basal dressing：Basal dressing is carried out using side deep fertilizing mode, depth is 5cm~7cm, line-spacing 15cm；Base manure is applied
Fertilizer amount is 17kg/ mus, so base manure is made up of 4 parts of urea, 8 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and 5 parts of potassium chloride；
2., seed manure：When bud kind is sowed under band seed manure, the dose of seed manure is 8kg/ mus, so seed manure is by 2 parts of urine
Element, 4 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and 2 parts of potash fertilizer compositions；
3., top dressing：(1) tillering fertilizer of turning green, is imposed with fertilizer applicator in the leaf phase of rice 4, the dose for tillering fertilizer of turning green is
8kg/ mus, so tillering fertilizer of turning green is made up of 5 parts of urea and 3 parts of ammonium sulfate；(2), 2 leaves dew point is fallen to growing half in rice
When, blade face is carried out using water-fertilizer integral form and imposes ear manuer, the ear manuer by urea, the rich organic fertilizer of love, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and
Rice vinegar forms, and the applied amount of urea is 250g/ mus in ear manuer, and the applied amount for liking rich organic fertilizer is 100g/ mus, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Applied amount be 150g/ mus, the applied amount of rice vinegar is 100mL/ mus；
6th, field weeding：Before seedling closing weeding one time, after seedling stalk leaf weedicide one time；
7th, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Prevented and treated according to rice growing way, variable rate technology；
8th, field sprinkler：Rice at whole growth periods water requirement is entered in addition to natural precipitation is fed using large-scale transitional sprinkling machine
Row Spray irrigation, each Spray irrigation is untill soil saturation；
9th, harvest：When Rice Panicle yellow complete ripeness rate reaches more than 95%, and paddy moisture it is near less than 16% when carry out
Mechanical straight receipts, complete rice harves.
Plough operation or work standard：
1st, big plough and shallow reversing and chiseling plow tillage operation, it is necessary to rest the head on moat with beating, ground rests the head on moat width more than 20 meters, carries out 3rd area
Above multi-region one along the line of the other one so as to plough deeper operation, opening and closing ridge is reduced to greatest extent.
2nd, need to wear furrow-dammer operation in the case of conditions permit.
3rd, it is deep：35~40cm of subsoiling.
4th, put down：Site preparation will be put down, and difference of height is no more than 2 centimetres in same operation width or in adjacent width；
5th, it is broken：Site preparation is thin, soil block of the every square metre of interior diameter more than 5 centimetres be no more than 3 (autumn ridging number site preparation not
It is meticulous, prevent winter snows from causing soil hardening greatly)；
6th, thoroughly：There is 10~15cm seedbed of loosening the soil；
7th, it is close：Back and forth combine tightly tillage operation, it is not heavy not leak, do not go out to be opened and closed ridge, not Liu Shengge.
8th, it is neat：Side is arrived to the end, and the edge of a field is neat.
Rake the soil level operation or work standard：
1st, operation, 16~18cm of depth of raking the soil level are carried out with 30 °~45° angle.Entire technique state is intact, does not float rake, scraping
Defect, clear soil is not effective for plate.
2nd, to the edge of a field to limes marginis, it is defined by limes marginis without weeds；
3rd, independent reciprocating working is wanted once in the edge of a field；
4th, mandatory leveller must be worn and carry out operation, do not stay raw grid；
Rotation ground operation or work standard：
1st, rotation ground depth soil after more than 18cm, rotary tillage is in small, broken bits, and soil block diameter is not more than 5cm；
2nd, to the edge of a field to limes marginis, it is defined by limes marginis without weeds；
3rd, independent reciprocating working is wanted once in the edge of a field；
4th, rotary tillage process otherwise weight do not leak, do not stay raw grid.
Blade face is carried out using water-fertilizer integral form described in the present embodiment step 5 and imposes ear manuer specific operation process such as
Under：First by the applied amount of urea be 250g/ mus, the rich organic fertilizer of love applied amount be the applied amount of 100g/ mus, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Applied amount for 150g/ mus and rice vinegar is 100mL/ mus configuration ear manuer, and ear manuer is injected in the agitator tank being connected with irrigation sprinkler, led to
Cross in the main pipeline of irrigation sprinkler Water Source Pumping Station injection irrigation sprinkler, ear manuer is sprayed together with water.
The closing of before seedling described in the present embodiment step 6 weeding specific operation process is as follows：Before seedling is carried out before being emerged after broadcasting
Weeding is closed, uses mechanical spraying form to be sprayed herbicide before seedling stage for 300L/ hectares by spouting liquid, the before seedling weeding
Agent is made up of water, 25% Evil humulones missible oil and 60% butachlor ec, and the usage amount of 25% Evil humulone missible oil is 1.5L/ public
Hectare, the usage amount of 60% butachlor ec is 1.5L/ hectares.
After seedling stalk leaf weedicide specific operation process described in the present embodiment step 6 is as follows：After seedling is carried out in 3 leaf of weeds
Stalk leaf weedicide, mechanical spraying form is used to be sprayed herbicide after seedling for 200L/ hectares by spouting liquid, the postemergence weed control
Agent is made up of water, 10% cyhalofop-butyl missible oil, 48% bentazone aqua and the dispersible oil-suspending agent of 2.5% penoxsuam, and
The usage amount of 10% cyhalofop-butyl missible oil is 1.5L/ hectares, and the usage amount of 48% bentazone aqua is 2.25L/ hectares, 2.5%
The usage amount of the dispersible oil-suspending agent of penoxsuam is 1.2L/ hectares.
Field sprinkler described in the present embodiment step 6 controls as follows according to paddy growth period different in moisture：
Seedling stage：Guarantee accounts for 20cm soil moisture contents not less than 85%；
Early stage in tillering stage：Guarantee accounts for 20cm soil moisture contents not less than 80%；
Tillering stage mid-term：Guarantee accounts for 20cm soil moisture contents not less than 80%；
Later stage in tillering stage：Guarantee accounts for 20cm soil moisture contents not less than 20%；
Jointing stage：Guarantee accounts for 30cm soil moisture contents not less than 90%；
Boot stage：Guarantee accounts for 30cm soil moisture contents not less than 90%；
Heading stage：Guarantee accounts for 40cm soil moisture contents not less than 85%；
Florescence：Guarantee accounts for 40cm soil moisture contents not less than 85%；
Pustulation period：Guarantee accounts for 40cm soil moisture contents not less than 70%；
Milk stage：Guarantee accounts for 40cm soil moisture contents not less than 70%.
Embodiment 2：The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1：Imperial round-grained rice 43 is replaced using upland rice seed.Other and embodiment
1 is identical.
The rice gathered in the present embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 carries out peeling processing, obtains the imperial rice of round-grained rice 43 and conventional upland rice is big
Rice.
Protein content detection is carried out to the imperial rice of round-grained rice 43 and conventional upland rice rice：
The protein content average value of conventional upland rice rice is 8.6%, and the protein content average value of the rice of imperial round-grained rice 43
For 9.1%.The imperial rice of round-grained rice 43 adds 0.5% than the protein content of conventional upland rice rice, i.e., using rice dry land of the present invention
The protein content of the rice of imperial round-grained rice 43 that live sprinkling irrigation cultivation obtains is apparently higher than conventional upland rice rice.
Amylose content detection is carried out to the imperial rice of round-grained rice 43 and conventional upland rice rice：
The amylose content and gel consistence of the imperial rice of round-grained rice 43 are attained by superior rice standard, and conventional upland rice rice only glue
Denseness can reach standard.It is embodied in, the amylose content average value of conventional upland rice rice is 18.4%, and imperial round-grained rice 43 is big
The amylose content average value of rice is 19.2%.
Evaluated in terms of carrying out exterior quality to the imperial rice of round-grained rice 43 and conventional upland rice rice：
The rice grain length average value of the imperial rice of round-grained rice 43 is 5.01, and the wide average value of grain is 2.87mm, length-width ratio 1.75%；Often
The rice grain length average value for advising upland rice rice is 4.97mm, and the wide average value of grain is 2.84mm, and length-width ratio 1.75%, both are without bright
Significant difference is different.
The chalky grain rate of the imperial rice of round-grained rice 43 is 6.0%, chalkiness degree 3.21%；And the chalky grain rate of conventional upland rice rice is
6.3%, chalkiness degree 3.41%.It can be seen that the chalk of the rice of imperial round-grained rice 43 obtained using the live sprinkling irrigation cultivation of rice dry land of the present invention
White grain rate and chalkiness degree are less than conventional upland rice rice.
Evaluated in terms of carrying out milled quality to the imperial rice of round-grained rice 43 and conventional upland rice rice：
The Coarse Rice Rate of the imperial rice of round-grained rice 43 is 79.8%, and polished rice rate is 71.8%, head rice rate 69.7%；And conventional upland rice
The Coarse Rice Rate of rice is 82.4%, and polished rice rate is 76.7%, head rice rate 72.2%.It can be seen that using rice dry land of the present invention
Coarse Rice Rate, polished rice rate and the head rice rate for the rice of imperial round-grained rice 43 that live sprinkling irrigation cultivation obtains are less than conventional upland rice rice.
The yield of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is detected：
With spike number/m2, grain number per spike, setting percentage, mass of 1000 kernel this four indexs be to form the important indicator of yield of brown rice.
Through test data analyzer, embodiment 1 is compared with embodiment 2, spike number/m26.79% is added, grain number per spike increase
11.69%, setting percentage adds 3.16%, and mass of 1000 kernel adds 1.54%, and yield is apparently higher than upland rice variety.
Claims (7)
1. the live sprinkling irrigation cultural method of rice dry land, it is characterised in that the live sprinkling irrigation cultural method of rice dry land is according to the following steps
Complete：
First, site preparation：Completed the autumn before October 31 to plough operation 1 time, depth be 35cm~40cm, Second Year progress in April in spring
Rake the soil level operation 2 times, depth of raking the soil level is 16cm~18cm；
2nd, choose seeds：Select imperial round-grained rice 31 or imperial round-grained rice 43 to be used as rice paddy seed, and screened, obtain japonica rice seed；
3rd, seed treatment：1., using strong sprout seed coat agent to japonica rice seed carry out seed machinery coating, be then charged into seed soaking bag in
Dry in the shade, seed rice after being coated；2., using 5000~7000 times of liquid of 25% 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate suspending agent seed rice after coating is carried out
Seed soaking, completes presoaking and germinating before first 2 days of sowing, bud kind is obtained after drying；
4th, sow：When soil moisture content is below 26%, and topsoil 5cm soil stabilizations are by 7 DEG C, sowed using llanura
Machine is sowed to bud kind, and application rate is 12kg/ mus, and seed level is 1cm~1.5cm, and sowing line-spacing is 15cm, and seeding belt is located at base
At fertilizer band side 3cm~5cm；
5th, fertilizing management：
1., basal dressing：Basal dressing is carried out using side deep fertilizing mode, depth is 5cm~7cm, line-spacing 15cm；The dose of base manure
For 17kg/ mus, so base manure is made up of 4 parts of urea, 8 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and 5 parts of potassium chloride；
2., seed manure：When bud kind is sowed band seed manure under, the dose of seed manure is 8kg/ mus, thus seed manure by 2 parts of urea, 4 parts
Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and 2 parts of potash fertilizer compositions；
3., top dressing：(1) tillering fertilizer of turning green, is imposed with fertilizer applicator in the leaf phase of rice 4, the dose for tillering fertilizer of turning green is 8kg/ mus,
So tillering fertilizer of turning green is made up of 5 parts of urea and 3 parts of ammonium sulfate；(2) 2 leaves dew point, is fallen to when growing half in rice, using water
The integrated form of fertilizer carries out blade face and imposes ear manuer, and the ear manuer is made up of urea, love rich organic fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and rice vinegar,
And the applied amount of urea is 250g/ mus in ear manuer, the applied amount for liking rich organic fertilizer is 100g/ mus, the applied amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate
For 150g/ mus, the applied amount of rice vinegar is 100mL/ mus；
6th, field weeding：Before seedling closing weeding one time, after seedling stalk leaf weedicide one time；
7th, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Prevented and treated according to rice growing way, variable rate technology；
8th, field sprinkler：Rice at whole growth periods water requirement is sprayed in addition to natural precipitation is fed using large-scale transitional sprinkling machine
Moisturizing is filled, each Spray irrigation is untill soil saturation；
9th, harvest：The straight receipts of machinery are carried out when Rice Panicle yellow complete ripeness rate reaches more than 95%, complete rice harves.
2. the live sprinkling irrigation cultural method of rice dry land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that operation 2 of being raked the soil level in step 1
Rotation ground operation 1 time is carried out after, rotation ground depth is in more than 18cm.
3. the live sprinkling irrigation cultural method of rice dry land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that used described in step 5
It is as follows that water-fertilizer integral form progress blade face imposes ear manuer specific operation process：It is 250g/ mus first by the applied amount of urea, love
The applied amount that the applied amount of rich organic fertilizer is 100g/ mus, the applied amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 150g/ mus and rice vinegar is 100mL/ mus
Ear manuer is configured, in the agitator tank that ear manuer injection is connected with irrigation sprinkler, passes through the supervisor of irrigation sprinkler Water Source Pumping Station injection irrigation sprinkler
In road, ear manuer is sprayed together with water.
4. the live sprinkling irrigation cultural method of rice dry land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that before seedling described in step 6
It is as follows to close weeding specific operation process：Before seedling closing weeding is carried out before being emerged after broadcasting, using mechanical spraying form by before seedling
Herbicide is that 200L/ hectares~300L/ hectares are sprayed by spouting liquid, and the herbicide before seedling stage is by water, 25% Evil humulones breast
Oil and 60% butachlor ec composition, and the usage amount of 25% Evil humulone missible oil is 1.5L/ hectares, 60% butachlor ec makes
Dosage is 1.5L/ hectares.
5. the live sprinkling irrigation cultural method of rice dry land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after seedling described in step 6
Stalk leaf weedicide specific operation process is as follows：After seedling stalk leaf weedicide is carried out in 3 leaf of weeds, is removed after seedling using mechanical spraying form
Careless agent is that 150L/ hectares~200L/ hectares are sprayed by spouting liquid, and the herbicide after seedling is by water, 10% cyhalofop-butyl breast
Oil, 48% bentazone aqua and the dispersible oil-suspending agent composition of 2.5% penoxsuam, and the use of 10% cyhalofop-butyl missible oil
Measure as 1.5L/ hectares, the usage amount of 48% bentazone aqua is 2.25L/ hectares, and the dispersible oil of 2.5% penoxsuam suspends
The usage amount of agent is 1.2L/ hectares.
6. the live sprinkling irrigation cultural method of rice dry land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that field described in step 6
Sprinkling irrigation controls as follows according to paddy growth period different in moisture：
Seedling stage：Guarantee accounts for 20cm soil moisture contents not less than 85%；
Early stage in tillering stage：Guarantee accounts for 20cm soil moisture contents not less than 80%；
Tillering stage mid-term：Guarantee accounts for 20cm soil moisture contents not less than 80%；
Later stage in tillering stage：Guarantee accounts for 20cm soil moisture contents not less than 20%；
Jointing stage：Guarantee accounts for 30cm soil moisture contents not less than 90%；
Boot stage：Guarantee accounts for 30cm soil moisture contents not less than 90%；
Heading stage：Guarantee accounts for 40cm soil moisture contents not less than 85%；
Florescence：Guarantee accounts for 40cm soil moisture contents not less than 85%；
Pustulation period：Guarantee accounts for 40cm soil moisture contents not less than 70%；
Milk stage：Guarantee accounts for 40cm soil moisture contents not less than 70%.
7. the live sprinkling irrigation cultural method of rice dry land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that work as Rice Panicle in step 9
Yellow complete ripeness rate in portion's reaches more than 95%, and paddy moisture it is near less than 16% when carry out that machinery is straight to be received, complete rice harves.
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| CN107996331A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-05-08 | 哈尔滨良土农业科学技术研究所 | Program request cultural method in rice membrane |
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| CN108812136A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-16 | 黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所 | A kind of rice dry-farming cultural method |
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| WO2023246170A1 (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-12-28 | 上海市农业科学院 | Direct seeding and drought management planting-based method for reducing methane emission of paddy field, and use thereof |
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