CN112063645A - 一种制备c14脂肪酸的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种制备C14脂肪酸的方法。通过构建含有共同表达乙酰辅酶A羧化酶基因和硫脂酶基因的重组表达载体的工程大肠杆菌中而获得。本发明所提供的高效产C14脂肪酸工程大肠杆菌是BL21(DE3)。该合成路径条件温和,产物专一性好,避免了传统的化学合成途径中苛刻的反应条件,同时不需要贵金属催化剂,有效的降低了生产成本,该方法为昆虫性信息素的生物合成的工业化应用打下了坚实的基础。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制备C14脂肪酸的方法,可作为生产斜纹夜蛾性信息素(Z,E)-9-11-十四碳二烯-1-醇乙酸酯和(Z,E)-9-12-十四碳二烯-1-醇乙酸酯的前期材料,以指导斜纹夜蛾性信息素的生物合成技术研究,提高田间防治效率,减少化学农药使用,保护环境,带来巨大的经济和社会收益。
技术背景
长期以来,农药特别是化学农药一直是斜纹夜蛾防治的主要手段。传统农用化学品带来的问题日益突出,易产生抗药性,难以降解并累积毒性甚至产生致癌性,影响农业生态安全、农产品质量、人体健康。
昆虫性信息素防治方法具有较强的特异性、灵敏度高、无污染、安全性高等优势。到目前为止,昆虫性信息素都是通过化学方法合成的,其反应条件苛刻(无水无氧反应),催化剂和有机金属试剂昂贵,工艺路线长大规模生产难,稳定性差,直接限制了昆虫性信息素的工业化生产。目前通过研究基因工程技术、微生物法发酵、体外酶催化合成生产性信息素的方法微乎其微。
C:14脂肪酸是生物法合成斜纹夜蛾性信息素(Z,E)-9-11-十四碳二烯-1-醇乙酸酯和(Z,E)-9-12-十四碳二烯-1-醇乙酸酯的前期原料,然而来自植物和其他微生物生产宿主的脂肪酸的生物生产,在很大程度上依赖于操纵严格调节的脂肪酸生物合成途径,并且合成的脂肪酸是不同链长(C6-C24)的脂肪酸混杂在一起,C:14脂肪酸含量较低,较难分离。
本发明立足于江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目,通过构建工程大肠杆菌的方法生产C:14脂肪酸,通过在关键技术上的创新,实现卡脖子技术的突破。本发明可减少传统农用化学品使用,保护环境,带来巨大的经济效益和社会收益。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种制备C14脂肪酸的方法,为斜纹夜蛾性信息素的生物合成技术提供一种必不可少的前期原料,可改善其化学合成法带来的大量问题。
本发明的技术方案为:一种制备C14脂肪酸的方法,其具体步骤为:
(1)提取并克隆乙酰辅酶A羧化酶基因accA与硫脂酶基因yneP;
(2)将克隆的accA基因与载体用相同的酶切方法进行酶切,yneP基因与载体用相同的酶切方法进行酶切,将载体与基因片段按一定的比例连接,获得重组载体pET-accA与pET-TE;
(3)将构建好的重组载体pET-TE热击转化到大肠杆菌感受态细胞中,经酶切鉴定、PCR鉴定和测序筛选获得阳性重组工程菌;
(4)再将pET-accA重组质粒热击转入一个含有pET-TE的大肠杆菌感受态细胞中,即获得了含有乙酰辅酶A羧化酶基因和硫脂酶基因的工程大肠杆菌;冷冻保存该菌株;
(5)挑取构建好的重组大肠杆菌单菌落,接种至含有抗生素的LB液体培养基发酵培养并诱导表达目的蛋白,培养至OD600为0.4-0.6时,再加入诱导剂至其在培养基中的终浓度为0.8-1mmol·L-1,继续培养8-24小时,培养液在8000—10000rpm条件下,离心5—10分钟,取培养液上清液;
(6)发酵培养上清液,萃取,减压浓缩,收集分析产物。
优选步骤(1)中所述accA基因来源于乙酸钙不动杆菌(Acinetobactercalcoaceticus)基因组DNA,Genbank登录号为:2878570的序列。yneP基因来源于枯草芽孢杆菌ATCC23857基因组DNA,Genbank登录号为:2914242的序列。
优选步骤(2)中所述的accA基因与载体的酶切方法为NcoI/BamHI双酶切,yneP基因与载体的酶切方法为NdeI/NotI双酶切。所述的载体为pET-30a或pQE80L,载体与基因片段按摩尔比为1∶(5—10)。
优选步骤(3)与步骤(4)中所述的热击转化温度均为35—45℃。优选保存温度为-80℃—-90℃。
优选步骤(5)中所述的菌体的体积接种量为0.5—1.5%;含有抗生素的LB液体培养基中的抗生素为卡那霉素或氨苄青霉素;含有抗生素的LB培养基中的抗生素浓度为30—50μg·mL-1。
优选步骤(5)中所述的发酵培养并诱导表达目的蛋白的培养条件、加入诱导剂后继续培养的培养条件和步骤(6)的发酵培养的培养条件均为:温度35—37℃,转速200—250rpm,pH6.5—7.5;优选步骤(6)中发酵培养上清液的时间为1.5~2.5小时。
优选步骤(5)中所述的诱导剂为IPTG。
优选步骤(6)中所述的萃取剂为氯仿和甲醇的混合液或正己烷,其中氯仿和甲醇的体积比为(3~4):2;发酵液和萃取剂的体积比为1∶(2—4)。
优选步骤(6)中所述分析方法为GC-MS法,色谱柱:CP-FFAP CB毛细管柱(25m*0.25mm*0.2μm),升温程序:150℃保持1min,以10℃/min升至250℃,保持8min;载气N2;FID检测器。
有益效果:
该合成路径条件温和,产物专一性好,避免了传统的化学合成途径中苛刻的反应条件,同时不需要贵金属催化剂,有效的降低了生产成本,该方法为昆虫性信息素的生物合成的工业化应用打下了坚实的基础。
具体实施方式
以下结合实例来进一步解释本发明,但实施案例并不对本发明做任何形式的限定。
实施例1:
于细菌乙酸钙不动杆菌(Acinetobacter calcoaceticus)基因组DNA中提取乙酰辅酶A羧化酶基因accA(Gene ID:2878570);以枯草芽孢杆菌ATCC23857基因组DNA为模板提取硫脂酶基因yneP(Gene ID:2914242)。将克隆的accA基因与pET-30a载体进行NcoI/BamHI双酶切,yneP基因与pET-30a载体进行NdeI/NotI双酶切。载体与外源片段按摩尔比为1∶5,16℃连接过夜,获得重组载体pET-accA与pET-TE。将构建好的重组载体pET-TE45℃热击转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中,经酶切鉴定、PCR鉴定和测序筛选获得阳性重组工程菌;再将pET-accA重组质粒45℃热击转入一个含有pET-TE的大肠杆菌感受态细胞中,即获得了含有乙酰辅酶A羧化酶基因、硫脂酶基因的工程大肠杆菌,-80℃保存该菌株。挑取构建好的重组大肠杆菌单菌落,接种至LB液体培养基,将工程大肠杆菌按体积比0.5%的接种量接种到500mL内含50μg·mL-1的卡那霉素的LB液体培养液中,培养温度为35℃,转速为200rpm,pH为6.5的条件下进行培养至OD600为0.5时,再加入诱导剂IPTG至其在培养基中的终浓度为0.8mmol·L-1,同样条件下继续培养12小时,诱导表达目的蛋白;培养液在8000r条件下,离心8分钟,取上清液;发酵上清液,同样条件下(培养温度为35℃,转速为200rpm,pH为6.5)继续培养2小时,正己烷萃取,发酵液∶正己烷=1∶2(V/V),减压浓缩,收集产物。经GC-MS法检测,脂肪酸总产量达2.25g/L,短链脂肪酸比例为87.1%,C14脂肪酸204mg/L。
实施例2:
于细菌乙酸钙不动杆菌(Acinetobacter calcoaceticus)基因组DNA中提取乙酰辅酶A羧化酶基因accA(Gene ID:2878570);以枯草芽孢杆菌ATCC23857基因组DNA为模板提取硫脂酶基因yneP(Gene ID:2914242)。将克隆的accA基因与pQE80L载体进行NcoI/BamHI双酶切,yneP基因与pQE80L载体进行NdeI/NotI双酶切。载体与外源片段按摩尔比为1∶8,16℃连接过夜,获得重组载体pET-accA与pET-TE。将构建好的重组载体pET-TE40℃热击转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中,经酶切鉴定、PCR鉴定和测序筛选获得阳性重组工程菌;再将pET-accA重组质粒40℃热击转入一个含有pET-TE的大肠杆菌感受态细胞中,即获得了含有乙酰辅酶A羧化酶基因、硫脂酶基因的工程大肠杆菌,-85℃保存该菌株。挑取构建好的重组大肠杆菌单菌落,接种至LB液体培养基,将工程大肠杆菌按体积比1.0%的接种量接种到500mL内含40μg·mL-1的氨苄青霉素的LB液体培养液中,培养温度为36℃,转速为250rpm,pH为7.0的条件下进行培养至OD600为0.6时,再加入诱导剂IPTG至其在培养基中的终浓度为1.0mmol·L-1,继续培养24小时,诱导表达目的蛋白;培养液在10000r条件下,离心5分钟,取上清液;发酵上清液,同样条件下(培养温度为36℃,转速为250rpm,pH为7.0)继续培养1.5小时,剂氯仿和甲醇的混合液萃取,氯仿∶甲醇=3∶2(V/V),发酵液∶氯仿和甲醇的混合液=1∶4(V/V),减压浓缩,收集产物。经GC-MS法检测,脂肪酸总产量达2.45g/L,短链脂肪酸比例为88.1%,C14脂肪酸256mg/L。
实施例3:
于细菌乙酸钙不动杆菌(Acinetobacter calcoaceticus)基因组DNA中提取乙酰辅酶A羧化酶基因accA(Gene ID:2878570);以枯草芽孢杆菌ATCC23857基因组DNA为模板提取硫脂酶基因yneP(Gene ID:2914242)。将克隆的accA基因与pET-30a载体进行NcoI/BamHI双酶切,yneP基因与pET-30a载体进行NdeI/NotI双酶切。载体与外源片段按摩尔比为1∶10,16℃连接过夜,获得重组载体pET-accA与pET-TE。将构建好的重组载体pET-TE35℃热击转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中,经酶切鉴定、PCR鉴定和测序筛选获得阳性重组工程菌;再将pET-accA重组质粒35℃热击转入一个含有pET-TE的大肠杆菌感受态细胞中,即获得了含有乙酰辅酶A羧化酶基因、硫脂酶基因的工程大肠杆菌,-90℃保存该菌株。挑取构建好的重组大肠杆菌单菌落,接种至LB液体培养基,将工程大肠杆菌按体积比1.5%的接种量接种到500mL内含30μg·mL-1的卡那霉素的LB液体培养液中,培养温度为37℃,转速为250rpm,pH为7.5的条件下进行培养至OD600为0.4时,再加入诱导剂IPTG至其在培养基中的终浓度为0.8mmol·L-1,继续培养8小时,诱导表达目的蛋白;培养液在8000r条件下,离心10分钟,取上清液;发酵上清液,同样条件下(培养温度为37℃,转速为250rpm,pH为7.5)继续培养2.5小时,剂氯仿和甲醇的混合液萃取,氯仿∶甲醇=4∶2(V/V),发酵液∶氯仿和甲醇的混合液=1∶3(V/V),减压浓缩,收集产物。经GC-MS法检测,脂肪酸总产量达2.2g/L,短链脂肪酸比例为85.9%,C14脂肪酸235mg/L。
Claims (8)
1.一种制备C14脂肪酸的方法,其具体步骤为:
(1)提取并克隆乙酰辅酶A羧化酶基因accA与硫脂酶基因yneP;
(2)将克隆的accA基因与载体用相同的酶切方法进行酶切,yneP基因与载体用相同的酶切方法进行酶切,将载体与基因片段按一定的比例连接,获得重组载体pET-accA与pET-TE;
(3)将构建好的重组载体pET-TE热击转化到大肠杆菌感受态细胞中,经酶切鉴定、PCR鉴定和测序筛选获得阳性重组工程菌;
(4)再将pET-accA重组质粒热击转入一个含有pET-TE的大肠杆菌感受态细胞中,即获得了含有乙酰辅酶A羧化酶基因和硫脂酶基因的工程大肠杆菌;冷冻保存该菌株;
(5)挑取构建好的重组大肠杆菌单菌落,接种至含有抗生素的LB液体培养基发酵培养并诱导表达目的蛋白,培养至OD600为0.4~0.6时,再加入诱导剂至其在培养基中的终浓度为0.8~1mmol·L-1,继续培养8-24小时,培养液在8000~10000rpm条件下,离心5—10分钟,取培养液上清液;
(6)发酵培养上清液,萃取,减压浓缩,收集分析产物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中所述的accA基因与载体的酶切方法为NcoI/BamHI双酶切,yneP基因与载体的酶切方法为NdeI/NotI双酶切。所述的载体为pET-30a或pQE80L,载体与基因片段按摩尔比为1∶(5~10)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)与步骤(4)中所述的热击转化温度均为35~45℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中所述的冷冻保存温度为-80℃~-90℃。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(5)中所述的菌体的体积接种量为0.5~1.5%;含有抗生素的LB液体培养基中的抗生素为卡那霉素或氨苄青霉素;含有抗生素的LB培养基中的抗生素浓度为30~50μg·mL-1。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(5)中所述的发酵培养并诱导表达目的蛋白的培养条件、加入诱导剂后继续培养的培养条件和步骤(6)的发酵培养的培养条件均为:温度35~37℃,转速200~250rpm,pH6.5~7.5;步骤(6)中发酵培养上清液的时间为1.5~2.5小时。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(5)中所述的诱导剂为IPTG。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(6)中所述的萃取剂为氯仿和甲醇的混合液或正己烷,其中氯仿和甲醇的体积比为(3~4):2;发酵液和萃取剂的体积比为1∶(2~4)。
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