CN111972629A - 一种常温保存的皮蛋肠及其制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种常温保存的皮蛋肠及其制作方法,由以下重量份数的主要原料制成:鸡蛋60‑80份,水15‑25份,皮蛋40‑60份,大蒜粉3‑5份,紫薯粉3‑5份,大豆分离蛋白8‑12份,食用碱1‑2份,复配胶0.5‑1份,食用盐1‑2份,白砂糖3‑6份,谷氨酸钠0.5‑1份,藤椒精油0.2‑0.4份。本发明制作的皮蛋肠外观呈豆沙绿色,质地平整,皮蛋块均匀分布;口感Q弹,咸淡适宜,有浓郁皮蛋风味和藤椒风味,常温保质期6个月,未出现渗水出油,肠衣皱缩等次品现象。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品制作领域,具体涉及一种常温保存的皮蛋肠及其制作方法。本发明由湖北神丹健康食品有限公司(农业农村部蛋品制作重点实验室)研究开发完成。
背景技术
市售蛋肠基本都属于低温杀菌工艺蛋肠,仅能适用于冷藏。虽然能保证产品营养和口感,但不能用于常温流通,使得蛋肠类产品开发受限。
CN105851923A公开了一种蛋肠的加工方法,包括:(1)选择经检验合格的家禽蛋;用清水将家禽蛋洗干净,晾干家禽蛋壳表面水分后,将家禽蛋蛋壳打破,获取蛋肠原料;(2)调制:在蛋肠原料中加调味料和香辛料进行调香和调味,然后加入蛋肠原料重量1~3%的复合变色抑制剂,制成调味蛋液;(3)灌肠:用全自动灌制打卡机进行灌肠,(4)杀菌:将灌好的半成品蛋肠放入高压杀菌锅内,以110-130℃杀菌20~30分钟后,冷却出锅。该专利蛋液经过调味后采用新型灌装打卡设备,蛋液搅拌产生的气体经上下排气槽排出,能解决灌装产生气泡的技术难题,但高温持续时间过长,蛋肠杀菌后仍会存在渗水出油等问题。
CN108552493A公开了一种皮蛋肠的制作方法,蛋液经调味料调味后与水、皮蛋块混合均匀,然后放置入味3~4h后灌入肠衣内,得到生皮蛋肠;将所得生皮蛋肠采用间歇性杀菌的方式熟化得到皮蛋肠。该方法中蛋液与水和调味料混合,增加整体含水量,能保证润滑蛋肠口感,但95℃低温杀菌,部分孢子微生物无法致死,仅限于冷藏销售。若相同原料配方,采用高温杀菌会造成严重的渗水问题。
蛋肠类产品需解决高温杀菌带来的劣质影响,开发出一款常温贮藏皮蛋肠,对于产品推广具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对上述现有技术存在的不足而提供一种常温保存的皮蛋肠及其制作方法。本发明制作的皮蛋肠常温保质期达6个月,未出现渗水出油,肠衣皱缩等次品现象。
本发明为解决上述提出的问题所采用的技术方案为:
一种常温保存的皮蛋肠,由以下重量份数的主要原料制作而成:鸡蛋60-80份,水15-25份,皮蛋40-60份,大蒜粉3-5份,紫薯粉3-5份,大豆分离蛋白8-12份,食用碱1-2份,复配胶0.5-1份,食用盐1-2份,白砂糖3-6份,谷氨酸钠0.5-1份,藤椒精油0.2-0.4份。
按上述方案,所述复配胶按质量份数计,由瓜尔胶0.1~0.2份、结冷胶0.2~0.5份、果胶0.1~0.3份组成。优选地,所述复配胶由瓜尔胶、结冷胶、果胶按质量比1.5:5:1组成。
本发明上述常温保存的皮蛋肠的制作方法,按照上述原料的重量份数备料,主要步骤如下:
(1)鸡蛋去壳,过滤去除蛋液中碎蛋壳和系带等杂质,搅拌备用;
(2)称量食用盐、白砂糖、大豆分离蛋白和复配胶,预先拌匀混合,加入蛋液中搅拌均匀;然后加入水、皮蛋、大蒜粉、紫薯粉、食用碱、谷氨酸钠和藤椒精油混合均匀,超声去除气泡;
(3)将皮蛋采用蒸汽处理至蛋黄凝固,剥壳后切分得所需大小的皮蛋块;
(4)将步骤(2)所得料液和步骤(3)所得皮蛋块混合后进行灌肠,得到生皮蛋肠;
(5)所述生皮蛋肠经过二段式高温杀菌处理,得到常温保存的皮蛋肠。
按上述方案,步骤(2)中,超声的频率为25~30HZ,时间为5~10min。
按上述方案,步骤(3)中,蒸汽处理的条件为温度95~100℃,时间15~20min。
按上述方案,步骤(4)中,二段式高温杀菌的条件为:快速升温至85-95℃,恒温30-40min;再次升温至118-121℃,恒温时间10-15min,恒温压力0.13-0.15mPa;后续降温压力0.18-0.20mPa,且降温时间不低于25-35min,降至40℃左右。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
第一,本发明常温保存的皮蛋肠制作方法中,鸡蛋液通过添加大豆分离蛋白和复配胶,降低蛋肠含水量,增加蛋肠持水性;调整二段式杀菌,避免高温时间过长,导致蛋肠组织状态破坏,结合二者最终能解决蛋肠高温杀菌渗水出油问题,从而实现常温保存且保质期达6个月。
第二,本发明所述常温保存的皮蛋肠,采用易溶性的白砂糖和食盐,与难溶性的大豆分离蛋白和复配胶干混拌匀,提前将难溶性物分散开,避免出现胶体溶胀结团,保证最佳溶解效果,并缩短搅拌时间,解决蛋液搅拌带来的气泡问题,最终制备的产品质地平整,均匀一致;后续通过紫薯粉遇碱液呈绿色,保证皮蛋肠肠体呈豆沙绿;采用大蒜粉和藤椒精油调味,滋味与皮蛋协调性好,保证最终制得的皮蛋肠产品口感Q弹,咸淡适宜,皮蛋块均匀分布,有浓郁皮蛋风味和藤椒风味。
第三,本发明常温保存的皮蛋肠制作方法中,采用二段式杀菌工艺,第一段采用快速升温至85-95℃,提前将皮蛋肠预先凝固,配合复配胶的增稠效果,使得皮蛋块在肠内悬浮,凝固后均匀分布;第二段杀菌118-121℃恒温10-15min,可实现常温贮藏;降温压力设置0.18-0.20mPa,防止因降温压力变化导致肠衣褶皱收缩。
附图说明
图1和图2分别为本发明所述常温保存的皮蛋肠的整体实物图、剖面实物图。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明,下面结合实施例进一步阐明本发明的内容,但本发明不仅仅局限于下面的实施例。
实施例1
一种常温保存的皮蛋肠,由以下重量份数的原料制成:鸡蛋60份,水15份,皮蛋40份,大蒜粉3份,紫薯粉3份,大豆分离蛋白10份,食用碱1份,瓜尔胶0.15份、结冷胶0.5份、果胶0.1,食用盐1份,白砂糖3份,谷氨酸钠0.5份,藤椒精油0.2份。具体步骤如下:
(1)将鸡蛋的蛋壳与蛋液分离,过滤去除碎蛋壳和系带等杂质,鸡蛋液搅拌备用;
(2)称量食用盐、白砂糖、大豆分离蛋白和复配胶,预先拌匀混合,加入正在搅拌的蛋液中搅拌;继续将水、皮蛋、大蒜粉、紫薯粉、食用碱、谷氨酸钠和藤椒精油加入蛋液中混合均匀,备用;
(3)步骤(2)所得料液放入超声槽中去除细小气泡,超声频率为25HZ,超声时间10min;
(4)将皮蛋采用蒸汽锅处理,蒸汽条件为温度95℃,时间20min,倒入自动剥壳机中剥壳处理,再经过切分机切分两次,得到2*2cm大小皮蛋块;
(5)将步骤(3)所得料液和步骤(4)所得皮蛋块转入皮蛋肠灌装机的进料仓中,调整进量杆,得到生皮蛋肠;
(6)将步骤(5)所得生皮蛋肠,经过二段式高温杀菌处理,杀菌条件为:快速升温至85℃,恒温40min,再次升温至121℃,恒温时间15min,恒温压力0.15mPa,降温压力0.20mPa,且降温时间不低于35min,降至40℃左右出锅,自然放置至常温,即得到常温保存的皮蛋肠产品。该皮蛋肠产品常温保质期6个月,未出现渗水出油,肠衣皱缩等次品现象。
实施例2
一种常温保存的皮蛋肠及其制作方法,由以下重量份数的原料制作而成:鸡蛋80份,水25份,皮蛋60份,大蒜粉5份,紫薯粉5份,大豆分离蛋白12份,食用碱2份,瓜尔胶0.1份、结冷胶0.4份、果胶0.3份,食用盐2份,白砂糖6份,谷氨酸钠1份,藤椒精油0.4份。具体步骤如下:
(1)将鸡蛋的蛋壳与蛋液分离,过滤去除碎蛋壳和系带等杂质,鸡蛋液搅拌备用;
(2)称量食用盐、白砂糖、大豆分离蛋白和复配胶,预先拌匀混合,加入正在搅拌的蛋液中搅拌;继续将水、皮蛋、大蒜粉、紫薯粉、食用碱、谷氨酸钠和藤椒精油加入蛋液中混合均匀,备用;
(3)步骤(2)所得料液放入超声槽中去除细小气泡,超声频率为30HZ,超声时间8min;
(4)将皮蛋采用蒸汽锅处理,蒸汽条件为温度100℃,时间15min,倒入自动剥壳机中剥壳处理,再经过切分机切分两次,得到1.5*1.5cm大小皮蛋块;
(5)将步骤(3)所得料液和步骤(4)所得皮蛋块转入皮蛋肠灌装机的进料仓中,调整进量杆,得到生皮蛋肠;
(6)将步骤(5)所得生皮蛋肠,经过二段式高温杀菌处理,杀菌条件为:快速升温至95℃,恒温30min,再次升温至118℃,恒温时间15min,恒温压力0.13mPa,降温压力0.18mPa,且降温时间不低于30min,降至40℃左右出锅,自然放置至常温,即得到常温保存的皮蛋肠产品。该皮蛋肠产品常温保质期6个月,未出现渗水出油,肠衣皱缩等次品现象。
实施例3
一种常温保存的皮蛋肠,由以下重量份数的原料制成:鸡蛋60份,水15份,皮蛋40份,大蒜粉3份,紫薯粉3份,大豆分离蛋白10份,食用碱1份,瓜尔胶0.2份、结冷胶0.25份、果胶0.3,食用盐1份,白砂糖3份,谷氨酸钠0.5份,藤椒精油0.2份。具体步骤如下:
(1)将鸡蛋的蛋壳与蛋液分离,过滤去除碎蛋壳和系带等杂质,鸡蛋液搅拌备用;
(2)称量食用盐、白砂糖、大豆分离蛋白和复配胶,预先拌匀混合,加入正在搅拌的蛋液中搅拌;继续将水、皮蛋、大蒜粉、紫薯粉、食用碱、谷氨酸钠和藤椒精油加入蛋液中混合均匀,备用;
(3)步骤(2)所得料液放入超声槽中去除细小气泡,超声频率为25HZ,超声时间10min;
(4)将皮蛋采用蒸汽锅处理,蒸汽条件为温度95℃,时间20min,倒入自动剥壳机中剥壳处理,再经过切分机切分两次,得到2*2cm大小皮蛋块;
(5)将步骤(3)所得料液和步骤(4)所得皮蛋块转入皮蛋肠灌装机的进料仓中,调整进量杆,得到生皮蛋肠;
(6)将步骤(5)所得生皮蛋肠,经过二段式高温杀菌处理,杀菌条件为:快速升温至85℃,恒温40min,再次升温至121℃,恒温时间15min,恒温压力0.15mPa,降温压力0.20mPa,且降温时间不低于35min,降至40℃左右出锅,自然放置至常温,即得到常温保存的皮蛋肠产品。该皮蛋肠产品常温保质期6个月,未出现渗水出油,肠衣皱缩等次品现象。
实施例1、2和3所得常温保存的皮蛋肠产品的感官评价如表1所示,常温保质期6个月后组织结构、口感、滋味等无明显变化。
表1
对比例1
对比例1与实施例1的不同之处在于:未添加复配胶。
与实施例1相比,对比例1中整体料液浓稠度较低,皮蛋块无法悬浮,最终制作皮蛋肠中的皮蛋块沉降至底部,外观较差;且整体持水性较低,高温杀菌后肠体两端有渗水迹象。
对比例2
对比例2与实施例1的不同之处在于:未添加大豆分离蛋白。
与实施例1相比,对比例2中整体浓稠度适合,皮蛋块可达到悬浮效果,可保证最终皮蛋肠中的皮蛋块可均匀分布肠体内;但整体含水量仍偏高,高温杀菌后肠体两端有轻微渗水迹象。
对比例3
与实施例1的不同之处在于:步骤(6)采用直接升温至121℃,降温压力与恒温压力一致。
与实施例1相比,对比例3制作的皮蛋肠均匀性与实施例1无区别,但杀菌后肠衣有明显收缩褶皱,肠衣外观较差。
对比例4
与实施例1的不同之处在于:步骤(2)中直接将食用盐、白砂糖、大豆分离蛋白和复配胶、蛋液、水、皮蛋、大蒜粉、紫薯粉、食用碱、谷氨酸钠和藤椒精油一起混合均匀。
与实施例1相比,对比例4制作的皮蛋肠软硬度不均一,肠体有少部分气泡,剖面形态较差。主要原因是因为复配胶结团,无法均匀分散,以及搅拌时间过长导致有气泡产生。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变换,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种常温保存的皮蛋肠,其特征在于由以下重量份数的主要原料制作而成:鸡蛋60-80份,水15-25份,皮蛋40-60份,大蒜粉3-5份,紫薯粉3-5份,大豆分离蛋白8-12份,食用碱1-2份,复配胶0.5-1份,食用盐1-2份,白砂糖3-6份,谷氨酸钠0.5-1份,藤椒精油0.2-0.4份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种常温保存的皮蛋肠,其特征在于所述复配胶按质量份数计,由瓜尔胶0.1~0.2份、结冷胶0.2~0.5份、果胶0.1~0.3份组成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种常温保存的皮蛋肠,其特征在于所述复配胶由瓜尔胶、结冷胶、果胶按质量比1.5:5:1组成。
4.权利要求1所述的常温保存的皮蛋肠的制作方法,其特征在于主要步骤如下:
(1)鸡蛋去壳,所得鸡蛋液过滤后,搅拌备用;
(2)将食用盐、白砂糖、大豆分离蛋白和复配胶先拌匀混合,加入蛋液中搅拌均匀;然后加入水、皮蛋、大蒜粉、紫薯粉、食用碱、谷氨酸钠和藤椒精油混合均匀,超声去除气泡;
(3)将皮蛋采用蒸汽加热至蛋黄凝固,剥壳后切分得皮蛋块;
(4)将步骤(2)所得料液和步骤(3)所得皮蛋块混合后进行灌肠,得到生皮蛋肠;
(5)所述生皮蛋肠经过二段式高温杀菌处理,得到常温保存的皮蛋肠。
5.根据权利要求4所述的常温保存的皮蛋肠的制作方法,其特征在于步骤(2)中,超声的频率为25~30HZ,时间为5~10min。
6.根据权利要求4所述的常温保存的皮蛋肠的制作方法,其特征在于步骤(3)中,蒸汽处理的条件为温度95~100℃,时间15~20min。
7.根据权利要求4所述的常温保存的皮蛋肠的制作方法,其特征在于步骤(5)中,二段式高温杀菌的条件为:快速升温至85-95℃,恒温30-40min;再次升温至118-121℃,恒温时间10-15min,恒温压力0.13-0.15mPa;后续降温压力0.18-0.20mPa,且降温时间不低于25-35min,降温至35-40℃。
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