CN111972282A - Production method of cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seeds - Google Patents
Production method of cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN111972282A CN111972282A CN202010878709.7A CN202010878709A CN111972282A CN 111972282 A CN111972282 A CN 111972282A CN 202010878709 A CN202010878709 A CN 202010878709A CN 111972282 A CN111972282 A CN 111972282A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
Abstract
The invention provides a production method of cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seeds, relating to the technical field of cotton seed propagation; the method not only provides a method for artificially placing bees for pollination, hybridizing and producing seeds, but also keeps the bees in a cotton seed production field for pollination and hybridization by planting honey source plants, simultaneously attracts insects with pollination efficacy around the cotton field to visit the cotton field, increases the variety of pollination insects, improves the flower visiting efficiency and pollination efficiency of the pollination insects, increases the pollination success rate, reduces the seed production cost and saves the labor time. By utilizing the seed production method, the seeds harvested from the female parent sterile plants are the nuclear sterile hybrid cotton seeds, and the seeds are screened, processed and packaged for large-area production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cotton seed production, and particularly relates to a production method of cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seeds.
Background
As an important economic crop and strategic resource, the cotton industry plays an important role in national economy. Increasing cotton yield, improving cotton quality and resistance have been major goals of cotton researchers, and heterosis utilization is an important way to achieve this goal. More than 90% of cotton varieties popularized and planted in Yangtze river basin and yellow river basin are hybrid seeds, and great contribution is made to the production and income increase of cotton in China. The hybrid cotton varieties applied in the production at present mainly comprise artificial emasculation hybrid cotton, cytoplasmic sterile three-line hybrid cotton and nuclear sterile two-purpose line hybrid cotton, but the seed production of the hybrid cotton varieties has the defects of more labor for artificial supplementary pollination and high cost, and restricts the further development of the hybrid cotton.
The research and utilization of the hybrid cotton of the nuclear sterile dual-purpose line are continued to the present since the last 70 century, and are one of 3 kinds of hybrid cotton which are produced and applied in large area at present. Compared with the artificial emasculation hybrid cotton, the seed production of the nuclear sterile dual-purpose line hybrid cotton does not need artificial emasculation, the seed production process is simplified, the labor for seed production is greatly reduced, the efficiency is greatly improved, the nuclear sterile hybrid cotton is also the hotspot of the current hybrid cotton research, but meanwhile, the nuclear sterile dual-purpose line hybrid cotton still needs artificial pollination (25 artificial pollination is needed in each mu of nuclear sterile seed production field), along with the gradual reduction of the labor force in rural areas in China, the labor force price is continuously improved, and the seed production cost of the nuclear sterile dual-purpose line hybrid cotton is obviously increased. Therefore, it is necessary to further perfect the prior art, reduce labor and form a set of simplified, efficient and low-cost novel cotton nuclear sterile dual-purpose hybrid seed production method.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for producing cotton genic male sterile hybrid seeds, which can be implemented in all cotton growing areas and has the characteristics of simple operation, high efficiency, low cost, etc.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a production method of cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seeds, which comprises the following steps: (1) planting honey-source plants in a seed production field by taking a cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line as a female parent and taking upland cotton or sea island cotton varieties as male parents, and enabling the honey-source plants and cotton to blossom simultaneously;
(2) removing fertile plants in the female parent, placing bees in a seed production field for pollination and hybridization, and collecting seeds on the female parent plants to obtain cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seeds;
and an isolation region is arranged around the seed production field, and the width of the isolation region and other cotton seed production regions or large-area planting regions is at least 5 km.
Preferably, the planting density of the female parent in the step (1) is 4000-4500 plants/mu, and 1800-2200 plants per mu of female parent are guaranteed after the fertile plants are pulled out in the step (2).
Preferably, the female parent comprises a dual-purpose line of insect-resistant genic male sterility, and the dual-purpose line of insect-resistant genic male sterility comprises GA18, SA1 or GA 70.
Preferably, the planting density of the male parent in the step (1) is 2500 plants/mu, and the ratio of the number of the male parent plants to the number of the female parent plants is 1: 8.
Preferably, the upland cotton varieties comprise HB, RM288, R343, RM78, RM378, Sichuan cotton 56 and Sichuan cotton 243; the variety of the sea island cotton comprises New sea No. 21, New sea No. 53 and New sea No. 58.
Preferably, the nectarine source plants in the step (1) are planted close to the male parents, and the planting area of the nectarine source plants is the same as that of the male parents.
Preferably, the honey-source plants are planted for 2 or 3 times, the first planting is carried out to enable the initial flowering phase of the honey-source plants to be consistent with the initial flowering phase of cotton, the second planting is carried out 15d after the first planting, and the third planting is carried out 15d after the second planting.
Preferably, the honey-derived plants include coriander, sesame, sunflower or alfalfa, which are kept flowering continuously throughout the cotton pollination period.
Preferably, the placement amount of the bees in the step (2) is 3500-4000 bees per 2 acres.
Preferably, the bee species comprises Italian bees.
The invention provides a production method of cotton nuclear sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seeds, which not only provides a method for artificially placing bees for pollination and hybrid seed production, but also keeps the bees in a cotton seed production field for pollination and hybridization by planting honey source plants, and simultaneously attracts insects with pollination efficacy around the cotton field to visit the cotton field, thereby increasing the variety of the pollination insects, improving the flower visiting efficiency and pollination efficiency of the pollination insects, increasing the pollination success rate, reducing the seed production cost and saving the labor time. By utilizing the seed production method, the seeds harvested from the female parent sterile plants are the nuclear sterile hybrid cotton seeds, and the seeds are screened, processed and packaged for large-area production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the production method of the cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seed of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a production method of cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seeds, which comprises the following steps as shown in a flow chart of figure 1: (1) planting honey-source plants in a seed production field by taking a cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line as a female parent and taking upland cotton or sea island cotton varieties as male parents, and enabling the honey-source plants and cotton to blossom simultaneously;
(2) removing fertile plants in the female parent, placing bees in a seed production field for pollination and hybridization, and collecting seeds on the female parent plants to obtain cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seeds;
and an isolation region is arranged around the seed production field, and the width of the isolation region and other cotton seed production regions or large-area planting regions is at least 5 km.
The seed production field is preferably arranged in an area which is isolated from other cotton seed production areas or large-area cotton planting areas by at least 5 km. The seed production field is arranged outside the safety isolation area, so that the seed production field is not influenced by pollen of other large-area cotton production planting areas and other cotton seed production areas, and the purity of seed production seeds is ensured.
The present invention uses the nuclear sterile dual-purpose line as female parent and uses the conventional upland cotton or sea island cotton variety as male parent to make hybridization, and plants the honey source plant in the seed-producing field, so that the honey source plant and cotton can be flowered simultaneously. The invention preferably performs seeding of parents according to a conventional production mode of the hybrid cotton seeds of the genic-sterile dual-purpose line, wherein the planting ratio of the female parent (the genic-sterile dual-purpose line) to the male parent (the restorer line) is 1:8, namely 8 lines of the genic-sterile dual-purpose line and 1 line of the male parent are planted. The nuclear sterile dual-purpose line is preferably planted according to 4000-4500 plants per mu, the density of sterile plants after fertile plants are pulled out is 1800-2200 plants/mu, more preferably 2000 plants/mu, and the planting density of the male parent for preparing hybrid seeds is 2500 plants/mu. The female parent variety of the invention preferably comprises insect-resistant and genic male sterile dual-purpose lines such as GA18, SA1, GA70 and the like. The variety of the male parent comprises conventional upland cotton varieties such as HB, RM288, R343, RM78, RM378, Chuan cotton 56, Chuan cotton 243 and the like and sea island cotton varieties such as Xinhai No. 21, Xinhai No. 53, Xinhai No. 58 and the like.
The honey-source plants are preferably planted close to the male parents, and the planting area of the honey-source plants is preferably the same as that of the male parents. In the invention, when the honey source plants are planted, the planting is preferably divided into 2 times or 3 times, the first planting is carried out to ensure that the initial flowering phase of the honey source plants is consistent with the initial flowering phase of cotton, the second planting is 15 days after the first planting, and the third planting is 15 days after the second planting. The honey source plant of the invention preferably comprises coriander, sesame, sunflower, alfalfa and the like. The method provided by the invention can be used for sowing the honey-source plants twice or three times, so that the honey-source plants can be guaranteed to bloom during the whole cotton flowering, pollination and hybridization period.
The invention removes the fertile plant in the female parent, places the bee in the seed production field for pollination and hybridization, collects the seed on the female parent and obtains the cotton nuclear sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seed. Preferably, the fertility is identified when the cotton plants grow to the bud period, all fertile plants in the nuclear sterile dual-purpose line are pulled out, the sterile plants are marked, and in order to ensure the accuracy of the fertility identification in the bud period, the fertility is rechecked plant by plant and the missed fertile plants are pulled out at the early flowering stage. After all fertile plants of the genic-sterile dual-purpose line are pulled out, the bee colony is placed in a seed production field, and preferably 1 box of bees (3500-4000 bees) is placed in each 2 mu of the seed production field for pollination seed production. The invention preferably places the hive in between the male parent plant and the honey-source plant. The bee variety of the present invention preferably comprises Italian bees.
Before placing the bee colony, the invention preferably adopts the following standard in Szechwan: the technical specification of cotton hybrid seed production, DB 51/T482-2005 production method for field management. According to the invention, the pest control is preferably continuously carried out on the seed production field for 2-3 times 7-20 days before the bee colony is placed, but any pesticide is prohibited to be sprayed within 7 days before the bee colony is placed and during bee pollination seed production.
In the invention, bee pollination seed production is preferably stopped from 8 months and 12 days to 20 days, and the specific time is determined according to the local climate condition. After the pollination is finished, the method preferably also comprises the steps of removing the placed bee colony from a seed production field and completely removing buds which are not opened on the female parent sterile plant.
The seeds collected in the invention are preferably boll opening bolls of sterile plants and male parent (restorer) plants in a seed production field to be harvested in time, strictly separately harvested, separately sunned and separately embossed to avoid mixing, and the seeds harvested on the sterile plants are nuclear sterile hybrid cotton seeds which are screened, processed and packaged for large-area production.
The method for producing hybrid seeds of cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line provided by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The method comprises the following steps of: in the simple Yang city of Sichuan province, a cotton nuclear sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seed production field is selected and isolated from a large-area cotton production and planting area and other cotton seed production areas by an isolation distance of 5.8 km.
② planting cotton parents: according to the conventional production mode of the hybrid cotton seeds of the nuclear sterile dual-purpose line, 8 lines of female parent (the nuclear sterile dual-purpose line GA18) and 1 line of male parent (the restorer line RM288) are sown in 15 days in 4 months in 2019, namely the planting ratio of the female parent to the male parent is 8: 1. When the seedlings are set at the seedling stage, 2 seedlings are reserved in each hole of the nuclear sterile dual-purpose line GA18, the density is 4490 plants/mu, and the density of sterile plants (female parents) is 2035 plants/mu after fertile plants are pulled out; the restorer RM288 leaves 1 seedling per hole, and the density is 2480 plants/mu.
Planting honey-source plants: the selected honey source plant is coriander, and the seeding is carried out twice. The sowing time of the coriander at the 1 st time is 5 months and 10 days, so that the initial flowering phase of the coriander is consistent with the initial flowering phase of cotton, the sowing time at the 2 nd time is 5 months and 25 days, and the planting mode and density are carried out according to the description. The coriander is planted close to the restorer line RM288 in a row, and the seeding area of the coriander is the same as that of the restorer line RM288, namely the coriander planted twice has the same area as that of the restorer line RM 288.
Fertility identification and removal of all fertile plants: when the cotton plants grow and develop to the bud stage, the fertility is identified, all fertile plants in the genic-sterile dual-purpose line GA18 are pulled out, the sterile plants are marked, and in order to ensure the accuracy of the fertility identification at the bud stage, the fertility is rechecked plant by plant at the early flowering stage and the missed fertile plants are pulled out.
Placing bees for pollination and hybrid seed production: after all fertile plants of the genic-sterile dual-purpose line are pulled out, putting a bee colony (Italian bee) into a seed production field, and placing 1 box of bees (3500-4000 bees) per 2 mu of the seed production field for pollination seed production. The beehive is placed between the restorer line plant and the honey source plant.
Sixthly, field management: before the swarms are placed, the field management follows the conventional production method of cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seeds (Szechwan local standard: technical specification for cotton hybrid seed production, DB 51/T482-2005). Continuously performing pest control on the seed production field for 2-3 times 7-20 days before the bee colony is placed, but not spraying any pesticide within 7 days before the bee colony is placed and during bee pollination seed production.
And seventhly, stopping pollination: and 5, 8, 15 days, stopping bee pollination and seed production. After pollination, the bee colony is removed from the seed production field, and the unopened buds of the sterile plant of the genic-sterile dual-purpose GA18 are completely removed.
And (8) harvesting: the boll opening bolls of the sterile plant of the nuclear sterile dual-purpose line GA18 and the plant of the restorer line RM288 in the seed production field need to be harvested in time, strictly separated for harvesting, separately dried in the sun and separately ginned, and the mutual mixing is avoided. The seeds on the harvested sterile plants are seeds of Sichuan hybrid cotton 76 (approved by Sichuan crop variety approval committee in 2018, approved by number: Sichuan approved cotton 20180001), which is a nuclear sterile hybrid cotton variety, 220kg of Sichuan hybrid cotton 76 seeds are harvested per mu in 2019 on average, and 103 kg/mu of qualified seeds are obtained through cotton ginning and primary processing.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A production method of cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) planting honey-source plants in a seed production field by taking a cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line as a female parent and taking upland cotton or sea island cotton varieties as male parents, and enabling the honey-source plants and cotton to blossom simultaneously;
(2) after the fertile plants in the female parent are pulled out in the bud period, honeybees are placed in the seed production field for pollination and hybridization, and seeds on the female parent plants are collected to obtain cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seeds;
and an isolation region is arranged around the seed production field, and the width of the isolation region and other cotton seed production regions or large-area planting regions is at least 5 km.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the planting density of the female parent in the step (1) is 4000-4500 plants/mu, and after the fertile plants are pulled out in the step (2), 1800-2200 plants per mu are guaranteed.
3. The production method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the female parent comprises a dual-purpose insect-resistant genic male sterile line comprising GA18, SA1 or GA 70.
4. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the male parent in step (1) is planted at a density of 2500 plants/mu, and the ratio of the number of the male parent plants to the number of the female parent plants is 1: 8.
5. The production method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the variety of upland cotton comprises HB, RM288, R343, RM78, RM378, Sichuan cotton 56 and Sichuan cotton 243; the variety of the sea island cotton comprises New sea No. 21, New sea No. 53 and New sea No. 58.
6. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the nectariferous plants in the step (1) are planted close to the male parents, and the nectariferous plants are planted in the same area as the male parents.
7. The method for producing cotton according to claim 6, wherein the honey-source plants are planted in 2 or 3 times, the first planting is performed such that the initial flowering period of the honey-source plants coincides with the initial flowering period of cotton, the second planting is performed 15d after the first planting, and the third planting is performed 15d after the second planting.
8. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein the honey-derived plant comprises coriander, sesame, sunflower or alfalfa, and wherein the honey-derived plant maintains a continuous flowering throughout the cotton pollination period.
9. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the bees in the step (2) are placed in an amount of 3500 to 4000 bees per 2 acres.
10. The method of claim 1 or 9, wherein the bee variety comprises Italian bees.
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| CN202010878709.7A CN111972282A (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Production method of cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seeds |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113273455A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-20 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Agricultural and agricultural integrated cabbage production method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113273455A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-20 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Agricultural and agricultural integrated cabbage production method |
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Application publication date: 20201124 |