CN1504078A - Cotton hybrid seed preparation method utilizing insect pollination - Google Patents
Cotton hybrid seed preparation method utilizing insect pollination Download PDFInfo
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- CN1504078A CN1504078A CNA021533369A CN02153336A CN1504078A CN 1504078 A CN1504078 A CN 1504078A CN A021533369 A CNA021533369 A CN A021533369A CN 02153336 A CN02153336 A CN 02153336A CN 1504078 A CN1504078 A CN 1504078A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an agronomic crop hybrid vigor utilizing method, wherein a transgenic pest-resistant sterile line is used as female parent, the conventional transgenic pest-resistant cotton is used as male parent for formulating hybridized combination, the pollination is completed through artificial breading of honey bees and miscellaneous insects existed in the nature and the first-filial generation seeds are produced. The invention overcomes the drawbacks of time and labor consuming, high working strength, comprehensive management for production of hybrid seeds and high cost of seeds production existed in the artificial pollination emasculation hybrid method for seed making, and can further improve the pureness of the hybrid.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to crop hybrid superiority and utilize method, specifically a kind of method of utilizing insect pollination to prepare cotton crossbreed.
Background technology:
Cotton is most important in the world economic crops, and crops such as same corn, paddy rice are the same, and cotton also exists tangible hybrid vigour.The cotton crossbreed position on Cotton Production in recent years is more and more important, has become to improve the cotton per unit area yield one of main path of improvement cotton fibre quality.The mode of production of cotton hybrid seed mainly is artificial emasculation pollination's cross breeding method at present, and the hybrid seed of planting on the Cotton Production is all produced more than 90% in this way.Artificial emasculation pollination's cross breeding method is and the maximally related technical method of this patent it to be done one briefly introduce from its purpose, step, three aspects of effect below.
Artificial emasculation pollination's cross breeding method is exactly manually to remove maternal stamen, manually gathers the pollen of male parent again and awards on the maternal column cap, finishes the method that cotton pollination fertilization process is produced the cotton hybrid seed.Its objective is and produce cotton first generation of hybrid seed, comprise two steps: 1. artificial emasculation, promptly during cotton flowering and boll-setting period (about about 40 days), after 2 of every afternoons, when corolla is yellow green and significantly outstanding bract, manually corolla is removed together with stamen, expose the process that gynoecium does not injure column cap, ovary simultaneously again from the calyx base portion; 2. artificial pollination is promptly gathered the pollen on the male parent and is awarded process on the gynoecium that female parent castrated in the next morning of artificial emasculation.
The effect of artificial emasculation pollination's cross breeding method production of hybrid seeds, through a large amount of facts have proved, its seed production purity can reach about 98%, can satisfy the requirement of production fully.But because this method all by manual operation, therefore has time-consuming taking a lot of work, working strength is big, shortcomings such as seed farm complex management, seed production cost height.Be in particular in: during the production of hybrid seeds promptly 7, between August under the weather conditions of about 40 days high temperature and heating summers, every mu of seed farm needs the insistent work of 3-4 name hybridization personnel, each flower on the female parent during the production of hybrid seeds is all operated in strict accordance with the requirement of castrating, pollinate, bud after the cotton boll that is become before the production of hybrid seeds, the flower of having opened and the production of hybrid seeds will being finished simultaneously also has the overcast and rainy flower that becomes, bell all to remove; Per 10 mu of seed farms need 1 keeper, close inspection castration, pollination situation and have or not and leak flower or the like.The above-mentioned shortcoming of artificial emasculation pollination's cross breeding method causes it having a large amount of cheap labours' country (as China and India) use, has become restriction cotton hybrid vigor extensive bottleneck that utilizes on producing.The U.S. is the country that carries out cotton hybrid vigor research the earliest, but does not also have large-scale application on producing so far, and its reason is exactly that the seed production cost is too high because this method is too time-consuming takes a lot of work.Research, find that a cover is simplified production of hybrid seeds program, reduced labor intensity, improves seed production efficiency, the seed production system that reduces the hybrid seed production cost is the thing that countries in the world cotton scientific worker dreams of.The objective of the invention is at the problems referred to above, propose a kind ofly to finish pollination by insect, realize the method for the cotton hybrid production of hybrid seeds, this method has overcome time-consuming the taking a lot of work that artificial emasculation pollination's cross breeding method exists, working strength is big, shortcomings such as seed farm complex management, seed production cost height, and can further improve the purity of hybrid seed.
Summary of the invention:
A kind of method of utilizing insect pollination to prepare cotton crossbreed, this method is sterile with transgenic pest-resistant to be maternal, conventional transgenic cotton against pests is the combination of male parent preparing hybrid, finishes pollination, production first-filial generation seed by manually putting the various insects that exist naturally in honeybee and the cotton field in a suitable place to breed.
It is of the present invention that to be used to do maternal transgenic pest-resistant male sterile line can be any transgenic pest-resistant male sterile line that is used to produce.As the transgenic pest-resistant male sterile line-in anti-A.
The conventional transgenic cotton against pests that is used to do male parent of the present invention can be any transgenic cotton against pests that is used to produce.As the new cotton 33B of conventional transgenic cotton against pests.
Being used for doing one of maternal transgenic pest-resistant male sterile line anti-A is bred by the applicant.The applicant is to introducing the two latent caryon sterile line ms of cotton
5Ms
6Carry out for many years processing, transformation, and with ms
5Ms
6The sterile gene transformation has been arrived in the good kind of high yield, high-quality, comprehensive agronomy proterties, cultivating sterile plant rate is 50%, the two latent caryon sterile line of heterogeneous heteronuclear that economical character is good, be female parent with it again, with the transgenic cotton against pests product is paternal hybrid, to its offspring through backcrossing, test cross, it is good finally to have bred existing resistance to insects, sterility is stable, completely the transgenic pest-resistant male sterile line-in anti-A.The seed selection process is seen accompanying drawing 1 in detail.
In the cotton hybrid producing method for seed of indication of the present invention,, do not need artificial emasculation because of its female parent is pest-resistant male sterile line; Father, female parent are all pest-resistant, so between seed farm without the chemical pesticide control cotton bollworm, created nontoxic, safe, as not spray chemical pesticide environment, cotton has nectary, be again entomophilous flower, so can be with father, maternal by ratio alternate plantation between seed farm of 1: 4～5, by manually putting the various insects free activity realization insect pollination between seed farm that exists naturally in insect and the cotton field in a suitable place to breed, replace artificial pollination, reach the purpose of producing hybrid seed.By relatively, put insect in a suitable place to breed to put the honeybee best results in a suitable place to breed.When putting in a suitable place to breed, can be some nectariferous plants of production of hybrid seeds field planting, as sesame etc., attract honeybee activity in seed farm not fly away; Also can around seed farm, plant non-Insect Resistant Cotton, control worm agricultural chemicals smell and force insect activity in the seed farm of no agricultural chemicals not migrated, guarantee fully finishing of pollination.The crossbreed that utilizes this mode to produce, cost is low, and the purity height is to produce the optimal approach of cotton crossbreed.
Advantage of the present invention and effect are:
1, reduces breeding cost significantly.The present invention compares with at present main cross-breeding method-artificial emasculation pollination's method, because without artificial emasculation, pollination,, reduce the recruitment input so can alleviate labour intensity between seed farm greatly, improve production of hybrid seeds work efficiency more than 1 times, thereby reduce breeding cost significantly.
2, guarantee seed production quality effectively.Because female parent is a male sterile line, can not produce the selfing bell, so can avoid the generation of pseudostationary effectively.
3, be easy to quality monitoring control.Produce crossbreed by the present invention, production of hybrid seeds seed yield and artificial emasculation pollination's method are suitable substantially, and seed production purity is higher, can save 75% recruitment, and are easy to quality monitoring control.
Brief description of drawings:
Fig. 1 be in the cultivating process of anti-A;
Fig. 2 be in the guarantor of anti-A plant breeding;
Fig. 3 is anti-A preparing hybrid combination in being;
The explanation of additional character: ★ represents manually to put in a suitable place to breed honeybee pollination in the above-mentioned accompanying drawing; Ms
5Ms
5Ms
6Ms
6Be double recessive kernel male sterile genotype; RR is an anti insect gene; RRMs
5Ms
5Ms
6Ms
6Be conventional Insect Resistant Cotton strain genotype; Ms
5Ms
5Ms
6Ms
6RR be in anti-A genotype; Ms
5Ms
5Ms
6Ms
6RR (ms
5Ms
5Ms
6Ms
6RR) be in anti-A half maintenance line genotype.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
The place: Anyang, the Henan Province middle cotton Nan Chang of institute experimental field
Material: in anti-A, new cotton 33B (male parent), honeybee
Environment: solarium
Area: 600 square metres
Method: experimental field selected 600 square metres in suitable plot at Anyang, the Henan Province middle cotton Nan Chang of institute April 23, in anti-A and the new cotton 33B of male parent according to the alternate plantation of 3: 1 ratio, live, seedling management is the same with the land for growing field crops; Early June begins to pull out the educated strain in the female parent, has pulled out the back and surround 600m with 30 order plastic wires around experimental field
2The solarium of * 0.7m, July 12, honeybee was manually put in beginning in a suitable place to breed, about 6000 of quantity, 0.25 kilogram of the sucrose of feeding every day to be replenishing honeybee nutrition, during the whole production of hybrid seeds not spraying pesticide control worm.August 18, withdraw honeybee, last 37 days.Played the single-strain bell-forming number in the maternal strain of investigation on September 1, the later stage is received 50 bell species tests, and the last real meter of receiving produces.
The result: by to utilize the honeybee pollination production of hybrid seeds in individual plant bell number, Dan Lingchong, sterile seed/bell and the real index such as grain weight compare with anti-A in the artificial pollination of carrying out the same period (seeing the following form) of receiving on the anti-A plant, the former individual plant bell number and Dan Lingchong are lower than the latter slightly as can be seen, so that seed cotton yield and seed yield also are lower than the latter slightly, and sterile seed/bell and son refer to both no significant differences, illustrate by the effect of honeybee and other field insect pollination and artificial pollination basic identical.
Pollination mode individual plant bell is counted the heavy sterile seed of list bell/bell and is referred to the seed cotton yield seed yield
(individual) (gram) (kilogram/mu) (kilogram/mu)
Honeybee pollinates 12.9 5.1 7.2 13.0 148.62 84.03
Artificial pollination 13.5 52 7.4 12 6 153.76 86.10
Embodiment 2
Place: farmland, Tanghe County, Nanyang City, Henan Province
Material: in anti-A, new cotton 33B (male parent), honeybee
Environment: land for growing field crops
Area: 2.5 mu
Method: 2.5 mu of the suitable farmland massifs of Tanghe County, Nanyang City, Henan Province choosing, adopt the seedling raising and transplanting mode, in anti-A transplant with " Z " font, the new cotton 33B of male parent transplants on central axis, ratio is 20 strain female parents: 2 strain male parents are planted at interval.Little line-spacing 30cm, wide row space 80cm, i.e. wheatland fabric width 50cm, bandwidth reserved 30cm.The maternal density of transplanting is about 5000 strain/mus, pulls out to educate that density is about 2300-2600 strain/mu after the strain.About male parent density 600 strain/mus, in the ground surplus the fragmentary program request nectariferous plant sesame 30 in case honeybee migrates, seedling management is the same with the land for growing field crops; Early June begins to pull out the educated strain in the female parent, and July 10, honeybee was manually put in beginning in a suitable place to breed, about 10,000 of quantity, 0.5 kilogram of the sucrose of feeding every day to be replenishing honeybee nutrition, during the whole production of hybrid seeds not spraying pesticide control worm.August 15, withdraw honeybee, last 36 days.Played the single-strain bell-forming number in the maternal strain of investigation on September 1, the later stage is received 50 bell species tests, and the last real meter of receiving produces.
The result: by individual plant bell number, Dan Lingchong, sterile seed/bell, the son on the anti-A plant refers in the honeybee seed farm piece to putting in a suitable place to breed, seed cotton yield and real receive that anti-A compares (seeing the following form) in index such as grain weight and the artificial pollination of carrying out the same period, both equal no significant differences of every index as can be seen.
Pollination mode individual plant bell is counted the heavy sterile seed of list bell/bell and is referred to the seed cotton yield seed yield
(individual) (gram) (kilogram/mu) (kilogram/mu)
Honeybee pollinates 14.8 5.3 5.1 12.8 158.3 87.7
Artificial pollination 14.6 5.4 4.8 12.4 161.6 88.9
By above-mentioned two embodiment, can draw such conclusion at last: with pest-resistant male sterile line of the present invention-in anti-A be female parent, conventional Insect Resistant Cotton is a male parent, utilize the characteristics of controlling worm during its production of hybrid seeds without spraying pesticide, finish pollination by honeybee and other cotton field insect, the method that realizes the cotton hybrid production of hybrid seeds is fully feasible.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of method of utilizing insect pollination to prepare cotton crossbreed, it is characterized in that sterile with transgenic pest-resistant is maternal, conventional transgenic cotton against pests is the combination of male parent preparing hybrid, finishes pollination, production first-filial generation seed by manually putting the various insects that exist naturally in honeybee and the cotton field in a suitable place to breed.
2, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that with anti-A in the transgenic pest-resistant male sterile line be female parent, the new cotton 33B of conventional transgenic cotton against pests is the combination of male parent preparing hybrid, finishes pollination, production first-filial generation seed by manually putting the various insects that exist naturally in honeybee and the cotton field in a suitable place to breed.
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| CNA021533369A CN1504078A (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2002-11-29 | Cotton hybrid seed preparation method utilizing insect pollination |
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| CNA021533369A CN1504078A (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2002-11-29 | Cotton hybrid seed preparation method utilizing insect pollination |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101124885B (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2011-03-23 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Insect pollination seed production method of cotton nuclear sterile male two-purpose lines under the condition of ratoon |
| CN101124886B (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2011-03-23 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Hybrid seed production method using cotton sterile male line and recovery line to processing ratoon regeneration |
| CN108782222A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-11-13 | 莫玉明 | A method of improving snakegourd artificial growth pollination rate |
| CN109349098A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-02-19 | 长江大学 | A kind of cotton hybrid seed production method |
| CN111972281A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-24 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Breeding method of cotton nuclear sterile dual-purpose line |
| CN111972282A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-24 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Production method of cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seeds |
-
2002
- 2002-11-29 CN CNA021533369A patent/CN1504078A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101124885B (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2011-03-23 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Insect pollination seed production method of cotton nuclear sterile male two-purpose lines under the condition of ratoon |
| CN101124886B (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2011-03-23 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Hybrid seed production method using cotton sterile male line and recovery line to processing ratoon regeneration |
| CN108782222A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-11-13 | 莫玉明 | A method of improving snakegourd artificial growth pollination rate |
| CN109349098A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-02-19 | 长江大学 | A kind of cotton hybrid seed production method |
| CN111972281A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-24 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Breeding method of cotton nuclear sterile dual-purpose line |
| CN111972282A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-24 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Production method of cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line hybrid seeds |
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