CN111919698A - High-yield cultivation method of selenium-rich peanuts - Google Patents
High-yield cultivation method of selenium-rich peanuts Download PDFInfo
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- CN111919698A CN111919698A CN202010718016.1A CN202010718016A CN111919698A CN 111919698 A CN111919698 A CN 111919698A CN 202010718016 A CN202010718016 A CN 202010718016A CN 111919698 A CN111919698 A CN 111919698A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/46—N-acyl derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and discloses a high-yield cultivation method of selenium-rich peanuts, which selects a plot with flat terrain, deep soil layer, soil selenium content less than or equal to 0.4mg/kg and convenient irrigation and drainage as a planting area; deeply ploughing soil; applying completely decomposed farmyard manure in the soil, then carrying out rotary tillage to loosen and level the soil, and ridging and digging; reducing the quantity of the compound fertilizer, namely spreading the compound fertilizer and the calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer in the sowing row ditch, and uniformly mixing the compound fertilizer and the calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer with the soil; coating the seeds; sowing is carried out; spraying a pre-emergence herbicide after sowing; keeping the soil moist; spraying liquid selenium fertilizer in the flowering and fruiting period; and (4) pest control. The invention realizes the optimization of the external environment of peanut cultivation, the growth vigor of peanuts is better, and the yield is higher; the spraying of the liquid selenium fertilizer is carried out in the flowering and fruiting periods of the peanuts, so that the sufficient supply of the selenium fertilizer in areas with low soil selenium content can be realized, and the selenium element content in the harvested peanuts is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and particularly relates to a high-yield cultivation method of selenium-rich peanuts.
Background
At present: peanuts, also known as "peanut-growing fruits", are rich in nutrients such as protein, fat, sugar, vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin E, vitamin K, mineral calcium, phosphorus, iron and the like, contain 8 kinds of amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids required by human bodies, and contain lecithin, choline, carotene, crude fiber and the like. Has effects in promoting brain cell development and improving memory. Peanuts are important economic crops in China, have wide application and occupy an important position in national economy. Selenium is one of essential trace elements for human body, has multiple immunity and biological functions, can improve human immunity, and has important effect of supplementing selenium for preventing and treating certain diseases. Peanuts planted in selenium-deficient soil generally cannot meet the selenium-rich standard, moreover, the southern acidic soil is easy to lack calcium, so that the peanuts are empty or not full, the corresponding yield is low, and the requirements of commercialization cannot be met.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the selenium content in peanuts planted in the selenium-deficient soil is low, and the selenium supplement effect on human bodies is poor; moreover, the southern acidic soil is easy to lack calcium, so that the peanuts are empty or not full, the peanut yield is low, and the method cannot meet the requirement of commercialization.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-yield cultivation method of selenium-rich peanuts.
The invention is realized in such a way that the high-yield cultivation method of the selenium-rich peanuts comprises the following steps:
the high-yield cultivation method of the selenium-rich peanuts comprises the following steps:
selecting a land plot of sandy soil with relatively flat terrain, deep soil layer, selenium content less than or equal to 0.4mg/kg and convenient drainage and irrigation as a planting area; and (3) deeply ploughing the soil by using a tractor, wherein the ploughing depth is 25-30 cm.
And secondly, broadcasting 1000 kg of completely decomposed farmyard manure per 666.7 square meters in soil, carrying out rotary tillage by using a tractor, forming ridges, wherein the width of each ridge surface is 55-60 cm, the width of each ridge groove is 25-30 cm, the height of each ridge is 20-25 cm, 2 rows of sowing grooves are formed in each ridge surface, the depth of each groove is 10-15 cm, the row spacing is about 25cm, compound fertilizers and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizers are broadcast in the sowing grooves and uniformly mixed with the soil, the using amount of the compound fertilizers is 25-35 kg/666.7 square meters, and the using amount of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizers is 50-70 kg/666.7 square meters.
And step three, selecting the peanut kernels with full grains and no folds on the surface as seeds to be treated by the coating agent.
Step four, seeding with the seeding density of 8000-10000 holes per mu.
And step five, spraying the pre-emergence herbicide within 2 days after sowing.
And step six, spraying the selenium-chelated nutrient solution for 1 time respectively in a flowering and fruiting period.
And seventhly, preventing and treating diseases and pests.
Further, the preparation method of the completely decomposed farmyard manure comprises the following steps:
fully and uniformly stirring the cut rice and corn straws and animal manure of pigs, cattle, sheep and the like according to the mass ratio of 1:2, and then stacking, wherein the stacking width is 1m, and the stacking height is 0.6 m; tightly covering with a film after stacking; after 25 days, the decomposed farmyard manure is obtained.
Further, the compound fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide;
the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements in the compound fertilizer is 15:15: 15.
The calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer further contains phosphorus pentoxide not less than 12%, calcium oxide not less than 25%, magnesium oxide not less than 10%, and silicon dioxide not less than 30%.
Further, the coating agent comprises 1.7% of refined methyl cream, 1.1% of fludioxonil and 22.2% of thiamethoxam.
Further, the pre-emergent herbicide contained 50% acetochlor.
Furthermore, selenium exists in the form of chelate and protein amino acid in the nutrient solution.
Further, the method for controlling the diseases and the pests comprises the following steps:
(1) and (4) reasonably performing crop rotation.
(2) And (5) coating the seeds.
(3) In the growth period, common bacterial wilt, leaf spot, rust disease, southern blight, root rot and prodenia litura of the peanut are observed.
(4) Spraying a mixed solution of difenoconazole and carbendazim on the healthy seedlings; spraying once every 10-15 days, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times.
(5) If bacterial wilt infection exists, the plant is removed in time.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the method, the optimization of the external environment of peanut cultivation in the soil with acidity and low calcium content in the south is realized by taking measures of deep soil ploughing, additional application of organic fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, reduction of compound fertilizer and the like, the peanut yield is improved, and the fertilizer use cost is reduced; by adopting the cultivation method, the yield of the peanut pods is equivalent to that of the pods in the conventional fertilization mode, and the difference is not obvious. The liquid selenium fertilizer is sprayed in the flowering and fruiting periods of the peanuts, so that the selenium fertilizer can be sufficiently supplied, and the selenium content in the peanut kernels is increased. The seed coating can prevent partial soil-borne diseases, and the spraying of the pre-emergence herbicide can effectively control the growth of weeds and reduce the cost of artificial weeding.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a high-yield cultivation method of selenium-enriched peanuts provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for preparing fully decomposed farmyard manure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of pest control provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-yield cultivation method of selenium-rich peanuts, and the invention is described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the high-yield cultivation method of selenium-rich peanuts provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, selecting a plot of sandy soil with relatively flat terrain, deep soil layer, selenium content less than or equal to 0.4mg/kg and convenient drainage and irrigation as a planting area; and (3) deeply ploughing the soil by using a tractor, wherein the ploughing depth is 25-30 cm.
S102, sowing 1000 kg of completely decomposed farmyard manure per 666.7 square meters in soil, rotary tillage by a tractor, ridging, wherein the width of a ridge surface is 55-60 cm, the width of a ridge groove is 25-30 cm, the height of the ridge is 20-25 cm, 2 rows of sowing grooves are formed in the ridge surface, the depth of the groove is 10-15 cm, the row spacing is about 25cm, compound fertilizers and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizers are scattered in the sowing grooves and uniformly mixed with the soil, the using amount of the compound fertilizers is 25-35 kg/666.7 square meters, and the using amount of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizers is 50-70 kg/666.7 square meters.
S103, selecting the peanut kernels with full grains and no folds on the skins as seeds to be treated by the coating agent.
S104, sowing, wherein the sowing density is 8000-10000 holes per 666 and 7 square meters.
And S105, spraying a pre-emergence herbicide within 2 days after sowing.
S106, spraying 1 time of selenium chelate nutrient solution in the flowering and fruiting period respectively.
And S107, pest control.
As shown in fig. 2, the preparation method of the completely decomposed farmyard manure provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises:
s201: fully and uniformly stirring the cut rice and corn straws and animal manure of pigs, cattle, sheep and the like according to the mass ratio of 1:2, and then stacking, wherein the stacking width is 1m, and the stacking height is 0.6 m;
s202: tightly covering with a film after stacking;
s203: after 25 days, the decomposed farmyard manure is obtained.
As shown in fig. 3, the method for controlling plant diseases and insect pests provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises:
and S301, performing reasonable rotation.
S302, coating the seeds.
S303, observing common bacterial wilt, leaf spot, rust disease, southern blight, root rot, prodenia litura and the like of the peanuts in the growth period.
S304, spraying a mixed solution of difenoconazole and carbendazim on the healthy seedlings; spraying once every 10-15 days, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times.
S305, if the bacterial wilt infection plants exist, timely eliminating the bacterial wilt infection plants.
The technical scheme and the technical effect of the invention are further explained by combining the specific examples and comparative experiments.
Example 1: (decrement of compound fertilizer, increasing of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and selenium spraying)
Selecting a land parcel, and taking a soil sample to detect that the total selenium content is 0.39 mg/kg; the content of exchangeable calcium is 3.19 cmol/kg; the pH was 6.15.
And step two, deeply ploughing and ploughing the soil by using a tractor, uniformly spreading 1000 kg of completely decomposed farmyard manure per 666.7 square meters in the soil, carrying out rotary tillage by using the tractor, ridging, wherein the width of each ridge surface is 55cm, the width of each furrow is 25cm, the height of each ridge is 20cm, forming 2 rows of sowing furrows on each ridge surface, the depth of each furrow is 10cm, the row spacing is 25cm, spreading 25kg of compound fertilizer and 50kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer per 666.7 square meters in each sowing furrow, and uniformly mixing with soil.
And step three, drawing test cells, wherein each cell is 10 square meters and is repeated for 3 times.
And step four, sowing the peanut seeds subjected to coating treatment, wherein the planting distance is about 12cm, and 200 grains are planted in each cell.
And fifthly, spraying acetochlor the next day after sowing.
And sixthly, observing common bacterial wilt, leaf spot, rust disease, southern blight, root rot, prodenia litura and the like of the peanuts after emergence of seedlings, and regularly spraying a mixed solution of difenoconazole and carbendazim on the healthy seedlings.
And step seven, spraying 1 time of chelated selenium nutrient solution in the flowering and fruiting period respectively.
And step eight, harvesting the peanuts in the growth period of about 120 days, airing, and measuring the yield and the selenium content of the seeds.
Example 2: (decrement and increase of compound fertilizer calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, selenium spraying)
Selecting a land parcel, and taking a soil sample to detect that the total selenium content is 0.39 mg/kg; the content of exchangeable calcium is 3.19 cmol/kg; the pH was 6.15.
And step two, deeply ploughing and ploughing the soil by using a tractor, uniformly spreading 1000 kg of completely decomposed farmyard manure per 666.7 square meters in the soil, carrying out rotary tillage by using the tractor, ridging, wherein the width of each ridge surface is 55cm, the width of each furrow is 25cm, the height of each ridge is 20cm, forming 2 rows of sowing furrows on each ridge surface, the depth of each furrow is 10cm, the row spacing is 25cm, spreading 35kg of compound fertilizer and 70kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer per 666.7 square meters in each sowing furrow, and uniformly mixing with soil.
And step three, drawing test cells, wherein each cell is 10 square meters and is repeated for 3 times.
And step four, sowing the peanut seeds subjected to coating treatment, wherein the planting distance is about 12cm, and 200 grains are planted in each cell.
And fifthly, spraying acetochlor the next day after sowing.
And sixthly, observing common bacterial wilt, leaf spot, rust disease, southern blight, root rot, prodenia litura and the like of the peanuts after emergence of seedlings, and regularly spraying a mixed solution of difenoconazole and carbendazim on the healthy seedlings.
And step seven, spraying 1 time of chelated selenium nutrient solution in the flowering and fruiting period respectively.
And step eight, harvesting the peanuts in the growth period of about 120 days, airing, and measuring the yield and the selenium content of the seeds.
Comparative experiment 1: (conventional fertilizer application, no selenium spray)
Selecting a land parcel, and taking a soil sample to detect that the total selenium content is 0.39 mg/kg; the content of exchangeable calcium is 3.19 cmol/kg; the pH was 6.15.
And step two, deeply ploughing and ploughing the soil by using a tractor, uniformly spreading 1000 kg of completely decomposed farmyard manure per 666.7 square meters in the soil, carrying out rotary tillage by using the tractor, ridging, wherein the width of each ridge surface is 55cm, the width of each furrow is 25cm, the height of each ridge is 20cm, forming 2 rows of sowing furrows on each ridge surface, the depth of each furrow is 10cm, the row spacing is 25cm, and spreading 50kg of compound fertilizer and 50kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer per 666.7 square meters in each sowing furrow, and uniformly mixing with soil.
And step three, drawing test cells, wherein each cell is 10 square meters and is repeated for 3 times.
And step four, sowing the peanut seeds subjected to coating treatment, wherein the planting distance is about 12cm, and 200 grains are planted in each cell.
And fifthly, spraying acetochlor the next day after sowing.
And sixthly, observing common bacterial wilt, leaf spot, rust disease, southern blight, root rot, prodenia litura and the like of the peanuts after emergence of seedlings, and regularly spraying a mixed solution of difenoconazole and carbendazim on the healthy seedlings.
And seventhly, harvesting the peanuts in the growth period of about 120 days, airing, and measuring the yield and the selenium content in the kernels.
Comparative experiment 2: (Compound fertilizer, no spraying selenium)
Selecting a land parcel, and taking a soil sample to detect that the total selenium content is 0.39 mg/kg; the content of exchangeable calcium is 3.19 cmol/kg; the pH was 6.15.
And step two, deeply ploughing and ploughing by using a tractor, carrying out rotary tillage by using the tractor, ridging, wherein the width of a ridge surface is 55cm, the width of a furrow is 25cm, the height of the ridge is 20cm, 2 rows of sowing furrows are arranged on the ridge surface, the depth of the furrow is about 10cm, the row spacing is about 25cm, 50kg of compound fertilizer is broadcast and applied to every 666.7 square meters in the sowing furrows, and the compound fertilizer is uniformly mixed with soil.
And step three, drawing test cells, wherein each cell is 10 square meters and is repeated for 3 times.
And step four, sowing the peanut seeds subjected to coating treatment, wherein the planting distance is about 12cm, and 200 grains are planted in each cell.
And fifthly, spraying acetochlor the next day after sowing.
And sixthly, observing common bacterial wilt, leaf spot, rust disease, southern blight, root rot, prodenia litura and the like of the peanuts after emergence of seedlings, and regularly spraying a mixed solution of difenoconazole and carbendazim on the healthy seedlings.
And seventhly, harvesting the peanuts in the growth period of about 120 days, airing, and measuring the yield and the selenium content in the kernels.
Comparative experiment 3: (same as example 1, but without spraying selenium)
Selecting a land parcel, and taking a soil sample to detect that the total selenium content is 0.39 mg/kg; the content of exchangeable calcium is 3.19 cmol/kg; the pH was 6.15.
And step two, deeply ploughing and ploughing the soil by using a tractor, uniformly spreading 1000 kg of completely decomposed farmyard manure per 666.7 square meters in the soil, carrying out rotary tillage by using the tractor, ridging, wherein the width of each ridge surface is 55cm, the width of each furrow is 25cm, the height of each ridge is 20cm, forming 2 rows of sowing furrows on each ridge surface, the depth of each furrow is 10cm, the row spacing is 25cm, spreading 25kg of compound fertilizer and 50kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer per 666.7 square meters in each sowing furrow, and uniformly mixing with soil.
And step three, drawing test cells, wherein each cell is 10 square meters and is repeated for 3 times.
And step four, sowing the peanut seeds subjected to coating treatment, wherein the planting distance is about 12cm, and 200 grains are planted in each cell.
And fifthly, spraying acetochlor the next day after sowing.
And sixthly, observing common bacterial wilt, leaf spot, rust disease, southern blight, root rot, prodenia litura and the like of the peanuts after emergence of seedlings, and regularly spraying a mixed solution of difenoconazole and carbendazim on the healthy seedlings.
And seventhly, harvesting the peanuts in the growth period of about 120 days, airing, and measuring the yield and the selenium content in the kernels.
The results of the tests are given in the following table:
| group of | Pod yield (kg/666.7 square meter) | Selenium content in the seed (mg/kg) |
| Example 1 | 269.2 | 0.35 |
| Example 2 | 275.73 | 0.37 |
| Comparative experiment 1 | 271.03 | 0.094 |
| Comparative experiment 2 | 206.23 | 0.085 |
| Comparative experiment 3 | 266.93 | 0.086 |
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A high-yield cultivation method of selenium-rich peanuts is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a land plot of sandy soil with relatively flat terrain, deep soil layer, selenium content less than or equal to 0.4mg/kg and convenient drainage and irrigation as a planting area; deeply ploughing soil by using a tractor;
step two, spreading completely decomposed farmyard manure in soil, rotary tillage by a tractor, ridging, sowing seed furrows on the ridge surfaces, spreading compound fertilizer and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer in the sowing seed furrows, and uniformly mixing the compound fertilizer and the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer with the soil;
step three, selecting full-grain peanut kernels without folds on the surface as seeds to be treated by a coating agent;
step four, sowing;
step five, spraying a pre-emergence herbicide after sowing;
step six, spraying a chelated selenium nutrient solution in the flowering and fruiting period;
and seventhly, preventing and treating diseases and pests.
2. The high-yield cultivation method of selenium-enriched peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, a sandy soil plot which is flat in terrain, thick in soil layer, less than or equal to 0.4mg/kg in selenium content and convenient to drain and irrigate is selected as a planting area; deeply ploughing the soil by using a tractor, wherein the ploughing depth is 25-30 cm;
and secondly, broadcasting 1000 kg of completely decomposed farmyard manure per 666.7 square meters in soil, rotary tillage by a tractor, ridging, wherein the width of a ridge surface is 55-60 cm, the width of a ridge groove is 25-30 cm, the height of the ridge is 20-25 cm, 2 rows of sowing grooves are formed in the ridge surface, the depth of the groove is 10-15 cm, the row spacing is 25cm, compound fertilizers and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizers are broadcast in the sowing grooves and uniformly mixed with the soil, the using amount of the compound fertilizers is 25-35 kg/666.7 square meters, and the using amount of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizers is 50-70 kg/666.7 square meters.
3. The high-yield cultivation method of selenium-rich peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seeding density of the fourth step is 8000-10000 holes per mu;
spraying a pre-emergence herbicide within 2 days after the sowing in the step five;
and sixthly, spraying the selenium-chelated nutrient solution for 1 time respectively in a flowering and fruiting period.
4. The high-yield cultivation method of selenium-enriched peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the completely decomposed farmyard manure is as follows: fully and uniformly stirring the cut rice and corn straws and pig, cattle and sheep manure according to the mass ratio of 1:2, and then stacking, wherein the stacking width is 1m, and the stacking height is 0.6 m; tightly covering with a film after stacking; after 25 days, the decomposed farmyard manure is obtained.
5. The high-yield cultivation method of selenium-rich peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide;
the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements in the compound fertilizer is 15:15: 15.
6. The high-yield cultivation method of selenium-enriched peanuts according to claim 1, wherein the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer contains not less than 12% of phosphorus pentoxide, not less than 25% of calcium oxide, not less than 10% of magnesium oxide, and not less than 30% of silicon dioxide.
7. The high-yield cultivation method of selenium-enriched peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating agent comprises refined methyl cream 1.7%, fludioxonil 1.1% and thiamethoxam 22.2%.
8. The high-yield cultivation method of selenium-enriched peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-emergence herbicide contains 50% acetochlor.
9. The high-yield cultivation method of selenium-enriched peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein selenium exists in the form of chelate and proteinogenic amino acid in the nutrient solution.
10. The high-yield cultivation method of selenium-enriched peanuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pest control method comprises the following steps:
(1) performing reasonable rotation;
(2) coating the seeds;
(3) in the growth period, common bacterial wilt, leaf spot, rust disease, southern blight, root rot and prodenia litura of the peanuts are observed;
(4) spraying a mixed solution of difenoconazole and carbendazim on the healthy seedlings; spraying once every 10-15 days, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times;
(5) if bacterial wilt infection exists, the plant is removed in time.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113748941A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2021-12-07 | 广西大学 | Method for improving selenium content in cabbage heart and preventing phyllotreta striolata |
| CN114375788A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Southern peanut high-yield cultivation method capable of effectively preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests |
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| CN114375788A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Southern peanut high-yield cultivation method capable of effectively preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests |
| CN114375788B (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2023-09-26 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | High-yield cultivation method for southern peanuts with effective pest control |
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