CN111903518A - Rapid propagation method of bletilla striata plants by taking bletilla striata rhizome as explant - Google Patents
Rapid propagation method of bletilla striata plants by taking bletilla striata rhizome as explant Download PDFInfo
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- CN111903518A CN111903518A CN202010738542.4A CN202010738542A CN111903518A CN 111903518 A CN111903518 A CN 111903518A CN 202010738542 A CN202010738542 A CN 202010738542A CN 111903518 A CN111903518 A CN 111903518A
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- bletilla striata
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/001—Culture apparatus for tissue culture
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of bletilla striata planting, and particularly relates to a rapid propagation method of bletilla striata plants by taking bletilla striata rhizome as an explant, which comprises the following specific operation steps: s1: selecting tubers with tender shoots and cutting off; s2: placing the cut tubers into a culture solution for culturing; s3: treating the soil; s4: and (5) transplanting. The germination stage of the bletilla striata is shortened by a tuber configuration mode, the survival rate is improved, and the growth period is shortened; the nutrient solution of 0.1-2.0% of locust bean gum, monopotassium phosphate fertilizer solution, distilled water and 0.5% of glucose is proportioned, so that the bletilla striata is suitable for cultivation, and the healthy growth of the bletilla striata at the later stage is ensured; the reasonable soil treatment and fertilization mode can ensure the nutrients required by growth of the bletilla striata, and the condition that the soil is seriously damaged due to excessive fertilization can not occur.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bletilla striata planting, in particular to a rapid propagation method of bletilla striata plants by taking bletilla striata rhizome as an explant.
Background
Rhizoma bletillae, name of traditional Chinese medicine. Is dried tuber of bletilla striata of Orchidaceae. Digging when stem leaves wither every 9-10 months, removing fibrous roots, cleaning, boiling in boiling water or steaming until there is no white core, drying in the sun to be semi-dry, removing the outer skin, and drying in the sun.
The product is in the shape of irregular oblate, has 2-3 claw-shaped branches, and has a length of 1.5-5 cm and a thickness of 0.5-1.5 cm. The surface is gray white or yellow white, and has several circles of concentric links and brown dotted fibrous root marks, and there are raised stem marks on the surface and a mark for connecting another tuber on the lower surface. Hard, not easy to break, white-like in section, and horny. Light smell, bitter taste, sticky property when chewed.
The existing planting mode leads the rhizoma bletillae to be slow in propagation and long in growth period.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rapid propagation method of bletilla striata plants by taking bletilla striata rhizome as an explant, and the method is used for solving the problems that the propagation of the bletilla striata is slow and the growth period is long due to the existing planting mode provided in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a bletilla striata plant rapid propagation method taking bletilla striata rhizome as an explant comprises the following specific operation steps:
s1: tubers with shoots were picked and cut: in autumn and winter, the upper parts of the bletilla striata wither, tubers of the bletilla striata are dug up, pseudobulb division of the bletilla striata is carried out, each plant is provided with a bud, and the part with the bud is cut off to be used as an explant;
s2: placing the cut tubers in a culture solution for culturing: obtaining the explant in the step S1, washing the surface of the explant by using purified water, putting the washed explant into a culture solution for culture, putting the explant into the culture solution for culture until the bud of the explant grows to 2-3cm, and taking the explant out of the culture solution, wherein the culture solution comprises 0.1-2.0% of locust bean gum, monopotassium phosphate fertilizer solution, distilled water and 0.5% of glucose;
s3: treating the soil: spreading 30-38kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu of soil to be planted, spreading 1300-1500kg of farmyard manure per mu of soil to be planted, turning the soil to be planted, the ternary compound fertilizer and the farmyard manure by adopting agricultural machinery, and uniformly mixing the soil to be planted, the ternary compound fertilizer and the farmyard manure;
ridging the soil to be planted after the soil is turned over, wherein the height of each planting ridge is 10-20cm, the width of each planting ridge is 20-40cm, planting pits are dug on the planting ridges in a matrix shape, half pit water is poured into the planting pits, and the next step of operation is carried out after the water in the planting pits permeates into the soil;
s4: transplanting: after water in the planting pits permeates into soil, taking out the explant with the bud length of 2-3cm in the step S2, correspondingly placing the explant in the planting pits, and compacting the edge soil of the planting pits on the explant to enable the bud and the upper sides of the explants to be exposed on the upper sides of the planting ridges by 2-6 mm;
weeding is carried out once every 2 months, topdressing is carried out once every 4 months, and the topdressing amount is 40-45kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu.
Preferably, the length of the part with buds cut in the step S1 is 2-3 cm.
Preferably, the depth of the culture solution in the step S2 is 0.8-1.2 cm.
Preferably, the farmyard manure is pig manure farmyard manure or cattle manure farmyard manure.
Preferably, the distance between the planting pits in the step S3 is 8-10 cm.
Preferably, the cultivation in the culture solution in the step S2 is performed under a greenhouse, and the temperature in the greenhouse is 25-30 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the germination stage of the bletilla striata is shortened by a tuber configuration mode, the survival rate is improved, and the growth period is shortened;
2) the nutrient solution of 0.1-2.0% of locust bean gum, monopotassium phosphate fertilizer solution, distilled water and 0.5% of glucose is proportioned, so that the bletilla striata is suitable for cultivation, and the healthy growth of the bletilla striata at the later stage is ensured;
3) the reasonable soil treatment and fertilization mode can ensure the nutrients required by growth of the bletilla striata, and the condition that the soil is seriously damaged due to excessive fertilization can not occur.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a bletilla striata plant rapid propagation method taking bletilla striata rhizome as an explant comprises the following specific operation steps:
s1: tubers with shoots were picked and cut: in autumn and winter, the upper part of the bletilla striata withers, tubers of the bletilla striata are dug up, pseudobulb division of the bletilla striata is carried out, each plant is provided with a bud, the part with the bud is cut off to be used as an explant, and the length of the cut part with the bud is 2-3 cm;
s2: placing the cut tubers in a culture solution for culturing: obtaining the explant in the step S1, washing the surface of the explant by using purified water, putting the washed explant into a culture solution for culture, wherein the culture solution comprises 0.1-2.0% of locust bean gum, monopotassium phosphate fertilizer solution, distilled water and 0.5% of glucose, putting the explant into the culture solution for culture, the depth of the culture solution is 0.8-1.2cm, the culture in the culture solution is under a greenhouse, the temperature in the greenhouse is 25-30 ℃ until the bud of the explant grows to 2-3cm, and taking the explant out of the culture solution;
s3: treating the soil: spreading 30-38kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu of soil to be planted, spreading 1300-1500kg of farmyard manure per mu of soil to be planted, wherein the farmyard manure is pig manure farmyard manure or cow manure farmyard manure, and turning the soil to be planted, the ternary compound fertilizer and the farmyard manure by adopting agricultural machinery, so that the soil to be planted, the ternary compound fertilizer and the farmyard manure are uniformly mixed;
ridging the soil to be planted after the soil is turned over, wherein the height of each planting ridge is 10-20cm, the width of each planting ridge is 20-40cm, planting pits are dug on the planting ridges in a matrix shape, the distance between every two planting pits is 8-10cm, water in half pits is poured into the planting pits, and the next step of operation is carried out after the water in the planting pits permeates into the soil;
s4: transplanting: after water in the planting pits permeates into soil, taking out the explant with the bud length of 2-3cm in the step S2, correspondingly placing the explant in the planting pits, and compacting the edge soil of the planting pits on the explant to enable the bud and the upper sides of the explants to be exposed on the upper sides of the planting ridges by 2-6 mm;
weeding is carried out once every 2 months, topdressing is carried out once every 4 months, and the topdressing amount is 40-45kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the method for quickly propagating bletilla striata plants by taking bletilla striata rhizome as an explant comprises the following specific operation steps:
s1: tubers with shoots were picked and cut: in autumn and winter, the upper parts of the bletilla striata wither, tubers of the bletilla striata are dug up, pseudobulb division of the bletilla striata is carried out, each plant is provided with a bud, the part with the bud is cut off to be used as an explant, and the length of the cut part with the bud is 2 cm;
s2: placing the cut tubers in a culture solution for culturing: obtaining the explant in the step S1, washing the surface of the explant by using purified water, placing the washed explant in a culture solution for culture, wherein the culture solution comprises 0.1-2.0% of locust bean gum, monopotassium phosphate fertilizer solution, distilled water and 0.5% of glucose, placing the explant in the culture solution for culture, the depth of the culture solution is 0.8cm, the culture in the culture solution is under a greenhouse, the temperature in the greenhouse is 25 ℃ until the bud of the explant grows to 2cm, and taking the explant out of the culture solution;
s3: treating the soil: spreading 30kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu of soil to be planted, spreading 1300kg of farmyard manure per mu of soil to be planted, wherein the farmyard manure is pig manure farmyard manure or cow manure farmyard manure, turning soil of the soil to be planted, the ternary compound fertilizer and the farmyard manure by adopting agricultural machinery, and uniformly mixing the soil to be planted, the ternary compound fertilizer and the farmyard manure;
ridging the soil to be planted after the soil is turned over, wherein the height of each planting ridge is 10cm, the width of each planting ridge is 20cm, planting pits are dug on the planting ridges in a matrix shape, the distance between every two planting pits is 8cm, water in half pits is poured into the planting pits, and the next step of operation is carried out after the water in the planting pits permeates into the soil;
s4: transplanting: after water in the planting pits permeates into soil, taking out the explant with the bud length of 2cm in the step S2, correspondingly placing the explant in the planting pits, and compacting the edge soil of the planting pits on the explant to enable the bud and the upper side 2mm of the explant to be exposed on the upper sides of the planting ridges;
weeding is carried out once every 2 months, topdressing is carried out once every 4 months, and the topdressing amount is 40kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu.
Example two:
the method for quickly propagating bletilla striata plants by taking bletilla striata rhizome as an explant comprises the following specific operation steps:
s1: tubers with shoots were picked and cut: in autumn and winter, the upper parts of the bletilla striata wither, tubers of the bletilla striata are dug up, pseudobulb division of the bletilla striata is carried out, each plant is provided with a bud, the part with the bud is cut off to be used as an explant, and the length of the cut part with the bud is 2.5 cm;
s2: placing the cut tubers in a culture solution for culturing: obtaining the explant in the step S1, washing the surface of the explant by using purified water, placing the washed explant in a culture solution for culture, wherein the culture solution comprises 0.1-2.0% of locust bean gum, monopotassium phosphate fertilizer solution, distilled water and 0.5% of glucose, placing the explant in the culture solution for culture, the depth of the culture solution is 1cm, the culture in the culture solution is under a greenhouse, the temperature in the greenhouse is 27.5 ℃, and the explant is taken out of the culture solution until the bud of the explant grows to 2.5 cm;
s3: treating the soil: spreading 34kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu of soil to be planted, spreading 1400kg of farmyard manure per mu of soil to be planted, wherein the farmyard manure is pig manure farmyard manure or cow manure farmyard manure, turning the soil to be planted, the ternary compound fertilizer and the farmyard manure by adopting agricultural machinery, and uniformly mixing the soil to be planted, the ternary compound fertilizer and the farmyard manure;
ridging the soil to be planted after the soil is turned over, wherein the height of each planting ridge is 15cm, the width of each planting ridge is 30cm, planting pits are dug on the planting ridges in a matrix shape, the distance between the planting pits is 9cm, half pit water is poured into each planting pit, and the next step of operation is carried out after the water in each planting pit permeates into the soil;
s4: transplanting: after water in the planting pits permeates into soil, taking out the explant with the bud length of 2.5cm in the step S2, correspondingly placing the explant in the planting pits, and compacting the edge soil of the planting pits on the explant to enable the bud and the upper sides of the explants to be exposed on the upper sides of the planting ridges by 4 mm;
weeding is carried out once every 2 months, topdressing is carried out once every 4 months, and the topdressing amount is 42.5kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu.
Example three:
the method for quickly propagating bletilla striata plants by taking bletilla striata rhizome as an explant comprises the following specific operation steps:
s1: tubers with shoots were picked and cut: in autumn and winter, the upper parts of the bletilla striata wither, tubers of the bletilla striata are dug up, pseudobulb division of the bletilla striata is carried out, each plant is provided with a bud, the part with the bud is cut off to be used as an explant, and the length of the cut part with the bud is 3 cm;
s2: placing the cut tubers in a culture solution for culturing: obtaining the explant in the step S1, washing the surface of the explant by using purified water, placing the washed explant in a culture solution for culture, wherein the culture solution comprises 0.1-2.0% of locust bean gum, monopotassium phosphate fertilizer solution, distilled water and 0.5% of glucose, placing the explant in the culture solution for culture, the depth of the culture solution is 1.2cm, the culture in the culture solution is under a greenhouse, the temperature in the greenhouse is 30 ℃ until the bud of the explant grows to 3cm, and taking the explant out of the culture solution;
s3: treating the soil: spreading 38kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu of soil to be planted, spreading 1500kg of farmyard manure per mu of soil to be planted, wherein the farmyard manure is pig manure farmyard manure or cow manure farmyard manure, turning the soil to be planted, the ternary compound fertilizer and the farmyard manure by adopting agricultural machinery, and uniformly mixing the soil to be planted, the ternary compound fertilizer and the farmyard manure;
ridging the soil to be planted after the soil is turned over, wherein the height of each planting ridge is 20cm, the width of each planting ridge is 40cm, planting pits are dug on the planting ridges in a matrix shape, the distance between the planting pits is 10cm, half pit water is poured into the planting pits, and the next step of operation is carried out after the water in the planting pits permeates into the soil;
s4: transplanting: after water in the planting pits permeates into soil, taking out the explant with the bud length of 3cm in the step S2, correspondingly placing the explant in the planting pits, and compacting the edge soil of the planting pits on the explant to enable the bud and the upper sides of the explants to be 6mm to be exposed on the upper sides of the planting ridges;
weeding is carried out once every 2 months, topdressing is carried out once every 4 months, and the topdressing amount is 45kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu.
While there have been shown and described the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and advantages thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof; the present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A rapid propagation method of bletilla striata plants by taking bletilla striata rhizome as an explant is characterized in that: the method for quickly propagating bletilla striata plants by taking bletilla striata rhizome as an explant comprises the following specific operation steps:
s1: tubers with shoots were picked and cut: in autumn and winter, the upper parts of the bletilla striata wither, tubers of the bletilla striata are dug up, pseudobulb division of the bletilla striata is carried out, each plant is provided with a bud, and the part with the bud is cut off to be used as an explant;
s2: placing the cut tubers in a culture solution for culturing: obtaining the explant in the step S1, washing the surface of the explant by using purified water, putting the washed explant into a culture solution for culture, putting the explant into the culture solution for culture until the bud of the explant grows to 2-3cm, and taking the explant out of the culture solution, wherein the culture solution comprises 0.1-2.0% of locust bean gum, monopotassium phosphate fertilizer solution, distilled water and 0.5% of glucose;
s3: treating the soil: spreading 30-38kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu of soil to be planted, spreading 1300-1500kg of farmyard manure per mu of soil to be planted, turning the soil to be planted, the ternary compound fertilizer and the farmyard manure by adopting agricultural machinery, and uniformly mixing the soil to be planted, the ternary compound fertilizer and the farmyard manure;
ridging the soil to be planted after the soil is turned over, wherein the height of each planting ridge is 10-20cm, the width of each planting ridge is 20-40cm, planting pits are dug on the planting ridges in a matrix shape, half pit water is poured into the planting pits, and the next step of operation is carried out after the water in the planting pits permeates into the soil;
s4: transplanting: after water in the planting pits permeates into soil, taking out the explant with the bud length of 2-3cm in the step S2, correspondingly placing the explant in the planting pits, and compacting the edge soil of the planting pits on the explant to enable the bud and the upper sides of the explants to be exposed on the upper sides of the planting ridges by 2-6 mm;
weeding is carried out once every 2 months, topdressing is carried out once every 4 months, and the topdressing amount is 40-45kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu.
2. The method for rapid propagation of bletilla striata plants using bletilla striata rhizome as explant according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the length of the part with buds cut off in the step S1 is 2-3 cm.
3. The method for rapid propagation of bletilla striata plants using bletilla striata rhizome as explant according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the depth of the culture solution in the step S2 is 0.8-1.2 cm.
4. The method for rapid propagation of bletilla striata plants using bletilla striata rhizome as explant according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the farmyard manure is pig manure farmyard manure or cow manure farmyard manure.
5. The method for rapid propagation of bletilla striata plants using bletilla striata rhizome as explant according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the distance between the planting pits in the step S3 is 8-10 cm.
6. The method for rapid propagation of bletilla striata plants using bletilla striata rhizome as explant according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the culture in the culture solution in the step S2 is carried out under a greenhouse, and the temperature in the greenhouse is 25-30 ℃.
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Application publication date: 20201110 |