CN111771640A - Rice cultivation method capable of effectively preventing low-temperature cold damage - Google Patents
Rice cultivation method capable of effectively preventing low-temperature cold damage Download PDFInfo
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- CN111771640A CN111771640A CN202010770817.2A CN202010770817A CN111771640A CN 111771640 A CN111771640 A CN 111771640A CN 202010770817 A CN202010770817 A CN 202010770817A CN 111771640 A CN111771640 A CN 111771640A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rice cultivation method for effectively preventing low-temperature cold damage, which comprises the following steps: selecting drought-resistant and cold-resistant rice seeds, airing for 2-3 days, and then coating by using a cold-resistant coating agent prepared from alginic acid, 5-aminolevulinic acid, chitosan, nano silicon dioxide and water; selecting a land block with good drainage condition, ploughing, leveling the dry land, paving a ventilation pipeline, supplementing bottom soil moisture, and keeping the humidity of the soil; sowing is carried out when the ground temperature of 5cm underground is stabilized at 5-10 ℃, and earthing up and pressing are carried out; weeding, ventilating, fertilizing, preventing and controlling diseases and pests on time, and irrigating in the field in time until harvesting. The invention can effectively improve the cold resistance of the rice seeds, can perform ventilation and temperature rise treatment on the soil as required by cooperating with the arrangement of the ventilation pipeline, reduces the influence of low-temperature environment on the rice seeds and plants as much as possible, and ensures the seedling rate and yield of the rice seeds under the low-temperature condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rice planting, in particular to a rice cultivation method capable of effectively preventing low-temperature cold damage.
Background
The rice is originally produced in tropical and subtropical swamp areas, and the south of China is one of the original producing areas of the rice. As the rice grows in a high-temperature and humid environment for a long time and is naturally selected for a long time, the rice has the habit of adapting to growth in water, so people are used to cultivate the rice by a flooding method, which is a traditional cultivation method used for the rice cultivation all the time. The cultivation method has the defects that the water consumption is large, the phenomenon of water waste is very serious, the development of rice production is restricted, and the geographical environment is limited in northern areas.
The direct seeding of rice on dry land is also called dry seed water pipe, which is a novel rice planting system derived and sublimated on the basis of direct seeding on water and dry breeding and transplanting. The direct seeding on dry land is completely different from the direct seeding on paddy and the transplanting in paddy field, the operation procedures of water land preparation, seedling raising and transplanting are omitted, and the seeds are directly sown in the low-lying land of the old paddy field or the dry land which passes through the dry land preparation. The drought before the four-leaf stage is long, except depending on natural rainfall, the planned water supplement is carried out in the critical water-needing period of the rice, such as the tillering period, the booting period, the heading and flowering period and the grouting period, a wetting irrigation method is adopted, a water layer can be discontinuously established on the field surface according to the needs of weed control and physiological growth, the water layer can not be established, and the low-lying land can be watered with little water or without water. According to statistics, the annual water consumption of each hectare for direct dry seeding of rice is only about 3000 cubic meters, except for natural precipitation, and the water consumption for transplanting rice and direct water seeding is less than one third.
The same way as the direct seeding cultivation of paddy rice, the direct seeding cultivation of paddy rice has the problems of instable seedling rate and easy low-temperature cold damage, which causes the seedling shortage and yield reduction of the direct seeding rice. Therefore, the problems of low seedling rate and serious low-temperature cold damage in direct seeding cultivation of rice are effectively solved, and the method has a key effect and positive significance on the development of the dry direct seeding cultivation technology of the rice.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a rice cultivation method for effectively preventing low-temperature cold damage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a rice cultivation method for effectively preventing low-temperature cold injury comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting drought-resistant and cold-resistant rice seeds, airing for 2-3 days, and then coating with a cold-resistant coating agent; the cold-resistant coating agent is prepared from the following materials in percentage by mass:
5-10% of alginic acid, 1-3% of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 3-6% of chitosan, 2-4% of nano silicon dioxide and the balance of water;
s2, selecting a land block with good drainage condition, ploughing and leveling the land, paving a ventilation pipeline, supplementing bottom soil moisture, and keeping the soil moisture;
s3, selecting the ground temperature of 5cm underground to be stable at 5-10 ℃, sowing, and earthing up and compacting;
s4, weeding, ventilating, fertilizing, preventing and controlling diseases and pests on time, and irrigating in time until harvesting.
Furthermore, the vent pipeline comprises a main pipe and branch pipes perpendicular to the main pipe, the branch pipes are arranged according to the row spacing and the row spacing of rice seeding and are arranged in the middle of two rows of rice, and a vent hole is formed in the position corresponding to each row of rice.
Furthermore, a one-way valve is arranged in each air outlet hole and only can be opened or closed.
Further, still include:
the inflator pump is butted with the ventilation pipeline and is used for ventilating the ventilation pipeline according to timing;
the heating pipe is arranged between the ventilation pipeline and the inflator pump and is used for realizing the heating treatment of air;
the temperature sensor is erected on the planting ground through the mounting frame and used for collecting the environmental temperature;
and the PLC is used for realizing the automatic opening and closing of the heating pipe according to the environmental parameters monitored by the temperature sensor.
Further, the heating pipe includes the PVC pipe, wraps up the heat preservation at the PVC pipe and evenly sets up the electric heating layer on the PVC inside pipe wall.
Further, still include: the solar photovoltaic cell is used for supplying power to the heating pipe and the PLC.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the rice seeds are coated by the coating agent containing alginic acid and 5-aminolevulinic acid, so that the cold resistance of the rice seeds can be effectively improved, the ventilation and warming treatment of soil can be carried out as required by cooperating with the arrangement of the ventilation pipeline, the influence of a low-temperature environment on the rice seeds and plants is reduced as much as possible, and the seedling rate and the yield of the rice seeds under the low-temperature condition are ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vent line according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a rice cultivation method for effectively preventing low-temperature cold damage, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting drought-resistant and cold-resistant rice seeds, airing for 2-3 days, and then coating with a cold-resistant coating agent; the cold-resistant coating agent is prepared from the following materials in percentage by mass:
5-10% of alginic acid, 1-3% of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 3-6% of chitosan, 2-4% of nano silicon dioxide and the balance of water;
s2, selecting a land block with good drainage condition, ploughing and leveling the land, paving a ventilation pipeline, supplementing bottom soil moisture, and keeping the soil moisture;
s3, selecting the ground temperature of 5cm underground to be stable at 5-10 ℃, sowing, and earthing up and compacting;
s4, weeding, ventilating, fertilizing, preventing and controlling diseases and pests on time, and irrigating in time until harvesting.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the ventilation pipeline includes:
the main pipe 1 and the branch pipes 2 are arranged perpendicular to the main pipe 1, the branch pipes 2 are arranged according to the row spacing and the row spacing of rice seeding and are arranged at the middle positions of two rows of rice, a gas outlet is formed in the position corresponding to each rice, and a one-way valve is arranged in each gas outlet and only can not enter the gas outlet;
the inflator pump 3 is butted with the ventilation pipeline and is used for ventilating the ventilation pipeline according to the timing;
the heating pipe 4 is arranged between the ventilation pipeline and the inflator pump and is used for realizing the heating treatment of air; the heating pipe 4 comprises a PVC pipe, a heat insulation layer wrapped on the PVC pipe and an electric heating layer uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the PVC pipe;
the temperature sensor is erected on the planting ground through the mounting frame and used for collecting the environmental temperature;
the PLC is used for realizing the automatic opening and closing of the heating pipe according to the environmental parameters monitored by the temperature sensor;
the solar photovoltaic cell is used for supplying power to the heating pipe and the PLC.
Comparative example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a rice cultivation method for effectively preventing low-temperature cold damage, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting drought-resistant and cold-resistant rice seeds and airing for 2-3 days;
s2, selecting a land block with good drainage condition, ploughing and leveling the land, paving a ventilation pipeline, supplementing bottom soil moisture, and keeping the soil moisture;
s3, selecting the ground temperature of 5cm underground to be stable at 5-10 ℃, sowing, and earthing up and compacting;
s4, weeding, ventilating, fertilizing, preventing and controlling diseases and pests on time, and irrigating in time until harvesting.
Comparative example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a rice cultivation method for effectively preventing low-temperature cold damage, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting drought-resistant and cold-resistant rice seeds, airing for 2-3 days, and then coating with a cold-resistant coating agent; the cold-resistant coating agent is prepared from the following materials in percentage by mass:
5-10% of alginic acid, 1-3% of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 3-6% of chitosan, 2-4% of nano silicon dioxide and the balance of water;
s2, selecting a land block with good drainage condition, ploughing and leveling the land, supplementing bottom soil moisture, and keeping the soil moisture;
s3, selecting the ground temperature of 5cm underground to be stable at 5-10 ℃, sowing, and earthing up and compacting;
s4, weeding, fertilizing, preventing and controlling diseases and pests on time, and irrigating in time until harvesting.
Comparative example 3
The embodiment of the invention provides a rice cultivation method for effectively preventing low-temperature cold damage, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting drought-resistant and cold-resistant rice seeds and airing for 2-3 days;
s2, selecting a land block with good drainage condition, ploughing and leveling the land, supplementing bottom soil moisture, and keeping the soil moisture;
s3, selecting the ground temperature of 5cm underground to be stable at 5-10 ℃, sowing, and earthing up and compacting;
s4, weeding, fertilizing, preventing and controlling diseases and pests on time, and irrigating in time until harvesting.
Low temperature seedling rate test
Taking the reclaimed rice 12 seeds as an example for carrying out a low-temperature seedling emergence experiment, adopting a seedling bed for carrying out the experiment, firstly adjusting the indoor temperature to 25 ℃, culturing to 1-leaf 1-heart stage, then suddenly reducing the indoor temperature to 5 ℃, and carrying out low-temperature treatment for 7 days; and then slowly raising the environmental temperature to the controlled 25 ℃ until the rice grows to 3 leaves and 1 heart stage, and calculating the seedling rate. As a result: the seedling rate of example 1 was significantly higher than that of comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, and the seedling rate of comparative example 1 was almost equal to that of comparative example 2 and was significantly higher than that of comparative example 3.
Field test
Taking 12 cultivated rice seeds as an example for field test, selecting rice seeds with full grains, consistent maturity and regular grain types, selecting soil areas with basically the same soil quality and basically the same planting conditions, ensuring the basic consistency of the planting conditions such as temperature, rainfall and the like, harvesting when rice ears lose green, glumes turn yellow, rice grains turn white and do not deform by hand pressing, and recording the rice yield (kg/ha) of each test field. As a result: the rice yield of example 1 was significantly higher than that of comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, and the rice yield of comparative example 1 was almost equal to that of comparative example 2 and was significantly higher than that of comparative example 3.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (6)
1. A rice cultivation method for effectively preventing low-temperature cold damage is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting drought-resistant and cold-resistant rice seeds, airing for 2-3 days, and then coating with a cold-resistant coating agent; the cold-resistant coating agent is prepared from the following materials in percentage by mass:
5-10% of alginic acid, 1-3% of 5-aminolevulinic acid, 3-6% of chitosan, 2-4% of nano silicon dioxide and the balance of water;
s2, selecting a land block with good drainage condition, ploughing and leveling the land, paving a ventilation pipeline, supplementing bottom soil moisture, and keeping the soil moisture;
s3, selecting the ground temperature of 5cm underground to be stable at 5-10 ℃, sowing, and earthing up and compacting;
s4, weeding, ventilating, fertilizing, preventing and controlling diseases and pests on time, and irrigating in time until harvesting.
2. The method for cultivating rice according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the air vent pipeline comprises a main pipe and branch pipes perpendicular to the main pipe, the branch pipes are arranged according to the row spacing and the row spacing of rice seeding and are arranged in the middle of two rows of rice, and air outlet holes are formed in positions corresponding to each row of rice.
3. The method for cultivating rice according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the steps of: a one-way valve is arranged in each air outlet hole and only can be opened or closed.
4. The method for cultivating rice according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the steps of: further comprising:
the inflator pump is butted with the ventilation pipeline and is used for ventilating the ventilation pipeline according to timing;
the heating pipe is arranged between the ventilation pipeline and the inflator pump and is used for realizing the heating treatment of air;
the temperature sensor is erected on the planting ground through the mounting frame and used for collecting the environmental temperature;
and the PLC is used for realizing the automatic opening and closing of the heating pipe according to the environmental parameters monitored by the temperature sensor.
5. The method for cultivating rice according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the heating pipe comprises a PVC pipe, a heat preservation layer wrapped on the PVC pipe and an electric heating layer uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the PVC pipe.
6. The method for cultivating rice according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the steps of: further comprising: the solar photovoltaic cell is used for supplying power to the heating pipe and the PLC.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010770817.2A CN111771640A (en) | 2020-08-04 | 2020-08-04 | Rice cultivation method capable of effectively preventing low-temperature cold damage |
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| CN202010770817.2A CN111771640A (en) | 2020-08-04 | 2020-08-04 | Rice cultivation method capable of effectively preventing low-temperature cold damage |
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Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5298482A (en) * | 1991-05-14 | 1994-03-29 | Cosmo Research Institute | Method for promoting plant growth using 5-aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof |
| CN101658116A (en) * | 2009-09-10 | 2010-03-03 | 吴岳民 | Paddy rice planting method |
| CN101816272A (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2010-09-01 | 南京农业大学 | Device for controlling environmental temperature for growth of field plants by heat-carrying air method |
| CN106069433A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-11-09 | 广德华阳水稻种植家庭农场 | A kind of paddy rice planting method in booth |
| CN108516900A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-09-11 | 来安县出尘茶业有限公司 | A kind of pot flowers are slow-release fertilizer dedicated and preparation method thereof |
| CN108821869A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-16 | 四川国光农化股份有限公司 | A kind of fertilizer composition and its application |
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| CN108947654A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-07 | 山东祥维斯生物科技股份有限公司 | Improve the compound nutritional regulator of the drought-enduring cold-resistant of cold-season turfgrass |
| CN110731243A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-31 | 济南启源信息科技有限公司 | direct sowing dry rice cultivation method for effectively preventing cold damage at low temperature |
| CN111449069A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-28 | 青岛海力源生物科技有限公司 | Alginic acid coated seed coating agent and preparation method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-08-04 CN CN202010770817.2A patent/CN111771640A/en active Pending
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| CN101816272A (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2010-09-01 | 南京农业大学 | Device for controlling environmental temperature for growth of field plants by heat-carrying air method |
| CN106069433A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-11-09 | 广德华阳水稻种植家庭农场 | A kind of paddy rice planting method in booth |
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| CN110731243A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-31 | 济南启源信息科技有限公司 | direct sowing dry rice cultivation method for effectively preventing cold damage at low temperature |
| CN111449069A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-28 | 青岛海力源生物科技有限公司 | Alginic acid coated seed coating agent and preparation method thereof |
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