CN111771590B - Cultivation method applied to nonirrigated farmland walnut orchard - Google Patents
Cultivation method applied to nonirrigated farmland walnut orchard Download PDFInfo
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- CN111771590B CN111771590B CN202010635862.7A CN202010635862A CN111771590B CN 111771590 B CN111771590 B CN 111771590B CN 202010635862 A CN202010635862 A CN 202010635862A CN 111771590 B CN111771590 B CN 111771590B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a cultivation method applied to a nonirrigated chlamydia walnut garden, which comprises the following steps: digging ditches at equal intervals, placing a rooting net in the ditches, placing walnut seedlings in the rooting net and burying the ditches; applying a root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer to 1-2-year walnut trees for 3 times, applying fertilizer quantitatively in each fertilizing hole by using a fertilizer gun, and driving a root-tying net to be synchronously stretched downwards by the root system of the walnut trees so as to improve the stability of the walnut trees; applying a water-soluble fertilizer to walnut trees of 3-5 years old for 3 times, and directly introducing the water fertilizer into the root systems of the walnut trees along the root-pricking net to accelerate the formation of crowns; adding water-soluble fertilizer to walnut trees of more than 6 years old for 3 times, and directly introducing the water fertilizer into the root systems of the walnut trees along the root-tying net; the mode of driping irrigation with the liquid manure sprinkling irrigation combines with the mode of the leading-in root system fertilization of secret bit, improves the liquid manure utilization ratio, still with the root system of walnut with prick root net intercross and hold simultaneously, increases the root system steadiness of walnut, avoids the walnut to be blown down by wind and rain.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of fertilization cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method applied to a nonirrigated chlamydia walnut garden.
Background
The walnut is one of the main target economic forest and tree species in China and is also the largest woody oil crop in China, the area and the yield of the walnut in China are at the top of the world, the walnut is mainly planted in the region of hilly gully, barren mountains and barren slopes with the altitude of more than one thousand meters, water and soil loss is serious for a long time, ecological vegetation is fragile, and the drought and biochemical characteristics of the existing plant form and structure are obvious. In recent years, the national work of returning to farming places walnut planting into the first economic forest development tree species.
The influence of a fertilizing method and fertilizing amount on walnut growth results is an important research subject of walnut cultivation in drought wall and mountain land, most of researches on walnut fertilization at home and abroad are focused on fertilizing and yield increasing effects, researches on Livong, Langshen and the like consider that a water and fertilizer integration technology is generally applied at foreign countries to overcome the problem of low water and fertilizer utilization rate, but the problems are difficult to popularize in China in a short period due to high requirements on hardware facilities, large investment and the like, a drip irrigation technology is introduced in part of domestic areas to solve the problem of walnut tree irrigation, but water is used for 55-60 tons per mu after irrigation, and most of the domestic areas cannot introduce water sources for popularization due to drought.
The existing water and fertilizer application method for walnut cultivation has the following defects:
(1) the soil in the barren slope area is poor in stability, after a large amount of water and fertilizer is applied at one time, water and fertilizer loss is easily caused, the utilization rate is reduced, and the soil is collapsed due to large soil stress change caused by heavy rain in rainy seasons, so that the root system of the walnut tree on the barren slope is unstable, and the growth is influenced, so that the development is poor;
(2) the external growth environment is poor, the walnut trees are mainly planted in the poor areas with poor soil conditions of the barren slopes of the mountains, the operation difficulty is high by using the mode of inputting water and fertilizer by external drip irrigation, the water consumption is high, the external input equipment is high in cost and easy to damage, and the fertilization cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a cultivation method applied to a walnut garden in a dry-all-grass land, which aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the root system of a walnut tree on a barren slope is unstable, the growth of the tree body is influenced, the development is poor, the operation is difficult in a mode of inputting water and fertilizer by external drip irrigation, the cost of external input equipment is high, the external input equipment is easy to damage, and the fertilization cost is increased.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following:
a cultivation method applied to a nonirrigated chlamydia walnut garden comprises the following steps:
step 100, digging a pit for planting: digging ditches at equal intervals, placing a rooting net in the ditches, placing walnut seedlings in the rooting net and burying the ditches;
step 200, promoting root growth and fertilizing: applying a root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer to 1-2-year walnut trees for 3 times, applying fertilizer quantitatively in each fertilizing hole by using a fertilizer gun, and driving a root-pricking net to be synchronously stretched downwards by a root system of the walnut trees, so that the survival rate of young trees is guaranteed, and the stability of the trees is improved;
300, promoting flower bud differentiation and topdressing: applying a fertilizer for promoting flower bud formation to walnut trees of 3-5 years old for 3 times, and directly introducing a water fertilizer into the root system of the walnut trees along a root-pricking net to accelerate crown formation and improve early yield of the walnut trees;
step 400, promoting the growth of the long fruits and topdressing: fertilizers for increasing the nutrition level of the walnut tree body and improving the nut quality are added for 3 times to walnut trees with the age of more than 6, and the water fertilizers are directly introduced into the root system of the walnut trees along the root-tying net, so that the product quality of the walnut trees and the high and stable yield of the walnut trees in successive years are guaranteed.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, in step 100, the rooting net includes annular plastic rings and a plurality of hollow sections uniformly arranged on the annular plastic rings, a hoop ring is arranged between the annular plastic rings between two adjacent hollow sections, a pile fixing rod for fixedly inserting the pile fixing rod into the ground is arranged on the hoop ring, a storage tank is arranged on the hollow sections, a rubber squeezing ring for replenishing water and fertilizer is arranged on the storage tank, a plurality of uniformly distributed water outlets are arranged on each hollow section, a braided rope hook relatively distributed with the water outlet corresponding to each hollow section is arranged on the annular plastic ring, and a dropper telescopic unit and a yarn telescopic unit are respectively arranged on the water outlet corresponding to each hollow section and the braided rope hook.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the dropper telescopic unit includes a rubber tube connected to each of the water outlet holes and a plurality of support nodes, each of the rubber tubes sequentially bends around each of the support nodes, and adjacent rubber tubes pass around another support node of the rubber tube at the same interval.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the yarn stretching unit includes a plastic rope connected to each of the rope-knitting hooks, and a plurality of hollow bodies, each of the plastic ropes is sequentially bent to pass around each of the hollow bodies, adjacent plastic ropes pass around another hollow body of the plastic rope at equal intervals, the end of the plastic rope is connected to the end of the rubber tube, and the hollow bodies are filled with an anti-insect drug.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the end of the rubber tube is provided with a thimble which is communicated with the rubber tube and faces upward, and the thimble is sequentially arranged around all the rubber tubes and the plastic ropes to form a round tracking net wire coil which is crosswise and vertical to the center positions of the rubber tubes and the plastic ropes.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, in step 100, the implementation steps of installing the root net specifically include:
fixedly mounting a rubber pipe in a water outlet hole of each hollow section, connecting a plastic rope to a rope-weaving hook corresponding to each hollow section, weaving the rubber pipe and the plastic rope corresponding to each hollow section respectively according to a bending, crossing and stretching mode, and connecting the rubber pipe corresponding to each hollow section with the tail end of the plastic rope;
weaving and fixing the joints of the rubber pipes of all the hollow sections and the tail ends of the plastic ropes to form a central point, enabling a thimble at the tail end of the rubber pipe to face upwards, and sequentially connecting all the rubber pipes and the plastic ropes to form a circular tracking net wire coil by winding the central point of the encrypted rope;
the annular plastic ring is flatly laid in the trench, the walnut seedlings are placed at the central point of the circular tracking net wire coil, the root systems of the walnut seedlings are buried, and the rubber extrusion ring of the storage tank is exposed out of the ground.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the maximum tensile length of the plastic rope and the rubber tube after the connection is increased by 40 to 50 cm.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, in step 200, the number of the storage tanks is set according to the requirement, and the fertilizing hole is an inner hole of the rubber extrusion ring, and the specific implementation steps of fertilizing by using the fertilizing gun are as follows:
step 201, determining fertilizing amount for 3 times, applying a root-promoting type water-soluble fertilizer for 3 times from the bottom of 3 months to the beginning of 7 months from the germination of the walnut tree to the hard core period, and determining the water and fertilizer supplement amount of each fertilizing hole;
step 202, mixing and stirring water and fertilizer in a fertilizer tank, and guiding the water and fertilizer into a fertilizing gun through a high-pressure pipe by using a gasoline high-pressure pump;
and step 203, squeezing a gun head of the fertilizing gun into an inner hole of the rubber squeezing ring, and quantitatively inputting water and fertilizer into each storage tank in a fixed quality mode.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, in step 200, the root system of the walnut tree is grown, the plastic rope and the rubber tube are driven to integrally stretch and move down, and the braided area formed by the plastic rope and the rubber tube is always located in the dense root system area of the walnut tree.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, in step 300 and step 400, after the root system of the walnut tree continuously grows to exceed 40 cm, the thimble at the end of the rubber tube is inserted into the root system of the walnut tree, and the supplemented water and fertilizer are directly input into the root system of the walnut tree through the thimble at the end of the rubber tube to realize direct absorption of the water and fertilizer.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the root-pricking net not only combines the mode of water and fertilizer spray irrigation and drip irrigation with the mode of underground drip introduction into the root system for fertilizing, improves the utilization rate of the water and fertilizer, but also mutually crosses and restrains the root system of the walnut tree and the root-pricking net, increases the stability of the root system of the walnut tree and avoids the walnut tree from being blown down by wind and rain;
(2) along with the root system of walnut tree lasts the development, the thimble of the net of pricking root utilizes the reverse disect insertion root system of walnut tree of natural force that the root system grows, consequently will directly utilize the mode of bit input liquid manure to carry out direct fertilization supplementary nutrition to the walnut tree during the additional fertilizer, do not receive external environment influence, and as long as use corrosion-resistant material, but recycling use decades, and with low costs, and effectively improve the utilization ratio of liquid manure, and need not to select the position of inserting the root system, directly realize the liquid manure and absorb.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an annular plastic ring as a whole in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the rubber tube and the plastic rope according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an integral cross-connection of three dropper telescopic units and a yarn telescopic unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a flat laying of the annular plastic ring according to the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure:
1-an annular plastic ring; 2-a hollow section; 3-a clamp ring; 4-pile fixing rod; 5-a storage tank; 6-rubber extrusion ring; 7-rope weaving hook; 8-dropper telescopic unit; 9-a yarn stretching unit; 10-encrypted roping; 11-circular tracing net wire coil; 12-water outlet; 13-a thimble;
801-rubber tube; 802-support nodes;
901-plastic rope; 902-a hollow body.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the method is applied to the walnut orchard in the dry-wall land, water and fertilizer are directly applied to the dense area of the root system through a high-pressure system and a fertilizer applying gun, the direct absorption and utilization of the root system are promoted by utilizing a drip irrigation principle and a mode of inserting the root system into water and fertilizer for supplying nutrition, the utilization rate of the water and fertilizer is high, in addition, the variety and the using amount of the fertilizer are flexibly adjusted according to different growth periods of walnuts, the growth requirements of walnut trees in different periods can be timely met, the growth and the fruit balance are adjusted, the aims of improving the yield and the quality of the walnuts are achieved, and the production problems of fruit drop, yield reduction, fruit size reduction, black kernel generation and the like of large fruiting trees caused by drought stress on water and insufficient water and fertilizer supply in spring and summer can be solved.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, digging a pit for planting: digging ditches at equal intervals, placing a rooting net in the ditches, placing the walnut seedlings in the rooting net and burying the ditches.
And step two, promoting root growth and fertilization: applying a root promoting type water-soluble fertilizer to 1-2-year walnut trees before germination for 3 times, and applying fertilizer quantitatively in each fertilizing hole by using a fertilizer gun, wherein the root system of the walnut trees drives a root pricking net to be synchronously stretched downwards.
Thirdly, promoting the growth of flower buds and topdressing: and (3) applying a fertilizer for promoting flower bud formation to the walnut trees of 3-5 years old for 3 times, and directly introducing the water fertilizer into the root systems of the walnut trees along the root-pricking net.
The method comprises the steps of applying a high-nitrogen water-soluble fertilizer to walnut trees of 3-5 years before germination, applying a high-phosphorus water-soluble fertilizer to the walnut trees from the late 5 months to the early 6 months, and applying a high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer or a biological bacterial fertilizer to the walnut trees in the early 7 months, so that flower bud formation is promoted, and the bearing age is advanced.
Fourthly, promoting the growth of the fruits and topdressing: and adding a fertilizer for improving the quality of nuts for 3 times to the walnut trees with the age of more than 6, and directly introducing the water fertilizer into the root systems of the walnut trees along the root-tying net.
The walnut trees with the age of more than 6 are applied with a high-nitrogen water-soluble fertilizer before germination, the balanced water-soluble fertilizer is applied from the late 5-6 th of the fruit expansion period, and the high-potassium compound fertilizer or the biological bacterial fertilizer is applied from the late 6-7 th of the fruit sclerotization period.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the rooting net comprises an annular plastic ring 1 and a plurality of hollow sections 2 uniformly arranged on the annular plastic ring 1, a clamp ring 3 is arranged between the annular plastic rings 1 between two adjacent hollow sections 2, and a pile fixing rod 4 for being fixedly inserted in the ground is arranged on the clamp ring 3.
The annular plastic ring 1 is placed in a trench, and then the pile fixing rod 4 is chiseled into the ground by a hammer head, so that the root-tying net is fixedly installed.
Be equipped with on hollow section 2 and store up jar 5, it is equipped with the rubber extrusion circle 6 that is used for replenishing liquid manure on jar 5 to store up, every be equipped with a plurality of evenly distributed's apopore 12 on hollow section 2, be equipped with on the annular plastic ring 1 with every the 12 relative distributed's of apopore that hollow section 2 corresponds braid rope hook 7, every apopore 12 that hollow section 2 corresponds with it is equipped with burette unit 8 and the flexible unit 9 of yarn respectively to compile rope hook 7.
The dropper telescopic unit 8 comprises a rubber pipe 801 connected to each water outlet hole 12 and a plurality of supporting nodes 802, each rubber pipe 801 sequentially bends around each supporting node 802, and adjacent rubber pipes 801 pass around the supporting node 802 of another rubber pipe 801 at equal intervals.
The yarn stretching unit 9 comprises plastic ropes 901 connected to the rope weaving hooks 7 and a plurality of cavity bodies 902, each plastic rope 901 is sequentially bent to pass through each cavity body 902, the adjacent plastic ropes 901 pass through the cavity body 902 of the other plastic rope 901 at the same interval, the tail ends of the plastic ropes 901 are connected with the tail end of the rubber tube 801, and the cavity bodies 902 are filled with insect-proof medicines.
The maximum stretching length of the plastic rope 901 and the rubber pipe 801 after connection is increased by 40-50 cm.
The specific realization principle that the dropper telescopic unit 8 and the yarn telescopic unit 9 provide the redundant length moving down along with the growth of the root system is as follows:
the root system of the walnut tree passes through the gap between the rubber tube 801 and the plastic rope 901 to grow downwards;
the connection part of the rubber tube 801 and the plastic rope 901 is acted by force, the rubber tube 801 and the plastic rope 901 which are wound in a bending mode are pulled to gradually become a straight line, and the redundant length of the rubber tube 801 and the plastic rope 901 is used for moving downwards along with the root system of the walnut tree synchronously.
The rubber tube 801 and the plastic rope 901 move downwards synchronously along with the root system of the walnut tree mainly in the development stage of the root system of the walnut tree of 1-2 years old, and when the rubber tube 801 and the plastic rope 901 are expanded to the maximum depth, the rubber tube 801 and the plastic rope 901 are not stretched along with the development of the root system of the walnut tree.
As one of the innovation points of the embodiment, the root-pricking net not only combines a water and fertilizer sprinkling irrigation drip irrigation mode and an underground drip introduction root system fertilization mode, so that the water and fertilizer utilization rate is improved, but also mutually crosses and restrains the root system of the walnut tree and the root-pricking net, so that the stability of the root system of the walnut tree is improved, and the walnut tree is prevented from being blown down by wind and rain.
The tail end of the rubber tube 801 is provided with a thimble 13 which is communicated with the rubber tube 801 and faces upwards, all the rubber tubes 801 and the plastic ropes 901 are sequentially wound by the thimble, and the encryption rope winding 10 is arranged, so that the center positions of the rubber tubes 801 and the plastic ropes 901 form a circular tracking net wire coil 11 which is crossed transversely and vertically by the encryption rope winding 10.
As a second innovation point of the present embodiment, as the root system of the walnut tree continues to develop, when the rubber tube 801 and the plastic rope 901 of the root net are stretched and expanded, the thimble 13 will be inserted into the root system of the walnut tree reversely and directly by using the natural force of the root system growth, so that the walnut tree will be directly fertilized by using the "hanging bottle" method to supplement nutrition during top dressing.
Therefore, in the walnut seedling growth stage of the embodiment, the water and fertilizer are applied to the intensive root system area of the walnut seedlings in a drip irrigation mode, so that the growth speed of the walnut seedlings is increased, the planting survival rate and the cold resistance in winter can be effectively improved, after the walnut seedlings grow into mature seedlings, the water and fertilizer are directly introduced into the roots of the walnut trees in a dripping mode, the complete utilization of the water and fertilizer can be realized, and the reduction of the utilization rate due to the permeation or evaporation of the water and fertilizer is avoided.
In summary, the implementation steps of installing the root net specifically include:
the rubber pipe 801 is fixedly installed in the water outlet hole 12 of each hollow section 2, the rope hook 7 opposite to each hollow section is connected with the plastic rope 901, the rubber pipe 801 and the plastic rope 901 corresponding to each hollow section 2 are respectively woven in a bending, crossing and stretching mode, the rubber pipe 801 and the plastic rope 901 corresponding to each hollow section 2 are connected with the tail end of the plastic rope 901, the rubber pipe 801 and the plastic rope 901 can be stretched to increase the length, and the rubber pipe 801 and the plastic rope 901 move downwards synchronously along with the development of the root system of the walnut seedling.
The rubber pipes 801 of all the hollow sections 2 and the tail end joints of the plastic ropes 901 are woven and fixed to form a central point, ejector pins 13 at the tail ends of the rubber pipes 801 face upwards, the encryption winding ropes 10 are wound around the central point, all the rubber pipes 801 and the plastic ropes 901 are sequentially connected to form a circular tracking net wire disc 11, the ejector pins 13 are inserted into the root system along with the continuous development of the root system, and at the moment, drip-type water and fertilizer introduction is achieved.
Most of the existing modes of drop fertilization of fruit trees are that a hole is drilled in a certain layer of a trunk manually, a thimble is inserted into the drilled hole, and nutrient solution is suspended to conduct infusion and fertility enhancement on the fruit trees, but the mode is that the thimble 13 is inserted into the root system of the fruit trees by utilizing the natural process of the development of the root system of the fruit trees, and water and fertilizer are upwards transmitted from the root system of plants.
The annular plastic ring 1 is flatly laid in a trench, the walnut seedlings are placed at the central point of the circular tracking net wire coil 11, the root systems of the walnut seedlings are buried, and the rubber extrusion ring 6 of the storage tank 5 is exposed out of the ground.
As a third innovation point of the present embodiment, the fertilization mode of the present embodiment combines two modes of drip irrigation and drip direct input of water and fertilizer, which is different from the existing mode of drip input of nutrient solution into the trunk, the mode of suspending nutrient solution into the trunk is easily affected by the external environment, and in the fruit tree planting area, the nutrient solution is easily damaged by bird pecking, which causes waste of water and fertilizer resources.
And this embodiment sets up the mode of spot fertilization in the root system position, does not receive external environment influence to as long as use corrosion-resistant material, but recycling use decades, with low costs, and effectively improve the utilization ratio of liquid manure, and need not to select the position of inserting the root system, directly realize the liquid manure and absorb.
In the second step, the number of storage jar 5 is set for according to the demand to the hole of fertilizeing is the hole of rubber extrusion circle 6 promptly, and the concrete realization step that utilizes the fertilization rifle to fertilize does:
firstly, determining the fertilizing amount for times, applying a root-promoting type water-soluble fertilizer for 3 times from the bottom of 3 months to the beginning of 7 months from the germination of a walnut tree to the hard core period, and determining the water and fertilizer supplement amount of each fertilizing hole;
mixing and stirring the water and the fertilizer in a fertilizer tank, and guiding the water and the fertilizer into a fertilizing gun through a high-pressure pipe by using a gasoline high-pressure pump;
and thirdly, squeezing a gun head of the fertilizing gun into an inner hole of the rubber squeezing ring, and quantitatively inputting water and fertilizer into each storage tank in a fixed quality mode.
For the walnut trees of 1-2 years old, the fertilizer type for fertilizing is mainly water-soluble fertilizer for promoting root growth, and the planting survival rate and the cold resistance in winter are effectively improved.
Generally, 4.5 kilograms of water and fertilizer are applied to each walnut tree from the bottom of 3 months to the beginning of 7 months from the germination of each walnut tree to the hard core period, and the water and fertilizer supplementing times can be increased as required when the water content of the soil with the thickness of 10-40 centimeters is reduced to below 8 percent in the continuous drought season.
In the growth stage of 1-2 years old walnut trees, the root systems of the walnut trees are grown to drive the plastic ropes 901 and the rubber tubes 801 to integrally stretch and move downwards, and the woven area formed by the plastic ropes 901 and the rubber tubes 801 is always located in the dense area of the root systems of the walnut trees, so that capillary roots can directly absorb a large amount of nutrition and moisture.
After the root system of the walnut tree continuously grows to exceed 40 centimeters, namely in the development process of the root system of the walnut tree for more than 2 years, the thimble 13 at the tail end of the rubber tube 801 is gradually inserted into the root system of the walnut tree, and the supplemented water and fertilizer are directly input into the root system of the walnut tree through the thimble 13 at the tail end of the rubber tube 801 to be directly absorbed.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (6)
1. A cultivation method applied to a nonirrigated chlamydia walnut garden is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 100, digging a pit for planting: digging ditches at equal intervals, placing a rooting net in the ditches, placing walnut seedlings in the rooting net and burying the ditches;
step 200, promoting root growth and fertilizing: applying a root-promoting water-soluble fertilizer to 1-2-year walnut trees for 3 times, applying fertilizer quantitatively in each fertilizing hole by using a fertilizing gun, and driving a root-pricking net to be synchronously stretched downwards by using the root system of the walnut trees;
300, promoting flower bud differentiation and topdressing: applying a high-phosphorus high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer for promoting flower bud formation to walnut trees of 3-5 years old for 3 times, and directly introducing the water fertilizer into the root systems of the walnut trees along a rooting net;
step 400, promoting fruit growth and topdressing: adding a water-soluble fertilizer for increasing the nutrient level of the walnut tree body and improving the nut quality for 3 times to the walnut tree with the age of more than 6, and directly introducing the water fertilizer into the root system of the walnut tree along a root-tying net;
in the step 100, the rooting net comprises annular plastic rings (1) and a plurality of hollow sections (2) uniformly arranged on the annular plastic rings (1), a clamp ring (3) is arranged between the annular plastic rings (1) between two adjacent hollow sections (2), and the clamp hoop ring (3) is provided with a pile fixing rod (4) for fixing and inserting in the ground, the hollow sections (2) are provided with storage tanks (5), the storage tanks (5) are provided with rubber extrusion rings (6) for supplementing water and fertilizer, each hollow section (2) is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes (12) which are uniformly distributed, the annular plastic ring (1) is provided with rope weaving hooks (7) which are distributed opposite to the water outlet holes (12) corresponding to the hollow sections (2), and the water outlet holes (12) corresponding to the hollow sections (2) and the rope weaving hooks (7) are respectively provided with a dropper telescopic unit (8) and a yarn telescopic unit (9);
the dropper telescopic unit (8) comprises a rubber pipe (801) connected to each water outlet hole (12) and a plurality of supporting nodes (802), each rubber pipe (801) sequentially bends around each supporting node (802), and adjacent rubber pipes (801) pass around the supporting nodes (802) of the other rubber pipe (801) at equal intervals;
the yarn stretching unit (9) comprises plastic ropes (901) connected to each rope weaving hook (7) and a plurality of cavity bodies (902), each plastic rope (901) sequentially bends to bypass each cavity body (902), the adjacent plastic ropes (901) bypass the cavity body (902) of the other plastic rope (901) at intervals of the same interval, the tail ends of the plastic ropes (901) are connected with the tail end of the rubber tube (801), and insect-proof medicines are filled in the cavity bodies (902);
the tail end of the rubber tube (801) is provided with an ejector pin (13) which is communicated with the rubber tube (801) and faces upwards, all the rubber tube (801) and the plastic rope (901) are sequentially wound by the aid of the encryption winding rope (10), and the center positions of the rubber tube (801) and the plastic rope (901) are formed into a horizontal and vertical crossed circular tracking net wire coil (11) by the aid of the encryption winding rope (10).
2. The cultivation method applied to the dry-all land walnut gardens as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 100, the implementation step of installing the root-binding net is specifically as follows:
fixedly installing a rubber pipe (801) in a water outlet hole (12) of each hollow section (2), connecting a plastic rope (901) on a rope weaving hook (7) opposite to each hollow section, weaving the rubber pipe (801) and the plastic rope (901) corresponding to each hollow section (2) respectively according to a bending, crossing and stretching mode, and connecting the rubber pipe (801) corresponding to each hollow section (2) and the tail end of the plastic rope (901);
weaving and fixing the joints of the rubber pipes (801) of all the hollow sections (2) and the tail ends of the plastic ropes (901) to form a central point, enabling thimble (13) at the tail end of the rubber pipe (801) to be upward, and sequentially connecting all the rubber pipes (801) and the plastic ropes (901) around the central point by using the encryption winding rope (10) to form a circular tracking net wire coil (11);
the annular plastic ring (1) is tiled in a trench, the walnut seedlings are placed at the central point of the circular tracking net wire coil (11), the root systems of the walnut seedlings are buried, and the rubber extrusion ring (6) of the storage tank (5) is exposed out of the ground.
3. The cultivation method of peach orchard applied to dry-land fields as claimed in claim 2, wherein the maximum extension length of the plastic rope (901) and the rubber pipe (801) after connection is 40-50 cm.
4. The cultivation method applied to the nonirrigated chlamydia walnut gardens as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 200, the number of the storage tanks (5) is set according to the requirements, and the fertilizing holes are the inner holes of the rubber extrusion rings (6), and the specific implementation steps of fertilizing by using a fertilizing gun are as follows:
step 201, determining fertilizing amount for 3 times, applying a root-promoting type water-soluble fertilizer for 3 times from the bottom of 3 months to the beginning of 7 months in a hard core period before walnut tree germination, and determining the water and fertilizer supplement amount of each fertilizing hole;
step 202, mixing and stirring water and fertilizer in a fertilizer tank, and guiding the water and fertilizer into a fertilizing gun through a high-pressure pipe by using a gasoline high-pressure pump;
and step 203, squeezing a gun head of the fertilizing gun into an inner hole of the rubber squeezing ring, and quantitatively inputting water and fertilizer into each storage tank in a fixed quality mode.
5. The cultivation method of peach gardens under dry land according to claim 4, wherein the root system of the walnut tree is growing to drive the plastic rope (901) and the rubber tube (801) to stretch and move downwards integrally in step 200, and the braided area of the plastic rope (901) and the rubber tube (801) is always in the dense root system area of the walnut tree.
6. The cultivation method of walnut gardens applied to dry-land all-grass land according to claim 1, wherein in step 300 and step 400, after the root system of walnut tree grows continuously over 40 cm, the thimble (13) at the end of the rubber tube (801) is inserted into the root system of walnut tree, and the supplemented water and fertilizer are directly input into the root system of walnut tree through the thimble (13) at the end of the rubber tube (801) to realize direct absorption of water and fertilizer.
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