CN105684719A - Dragon fruit root-restricting cultivation method - Google Patents
Dragon fruit root-restricting cultivation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105684719A CN105684719A CN201610205234.9A CN201610205234A CN105684719A CN 105684719 A CN105684719 A CN 105684719A CN 201610205234 A CN201610205234 A CN 201610205234A CN 105684719 A CN105684719 A CN 105684719A
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- root
- restricting
- limit
- bag
- hylocereus undatus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/12—Supports for plants; Trellis for strawberries or the like
- A01G9/122—Stakes
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a dragon fruit root-restricting cultivation method. According to the dragon fruit root-restricting cultivation method, root-restricting holes are formed in land for planting in a dug mode and are round pits; non-woven fabric root-restricting bags made in advance are laid in the root-restricting holes, and small square holes are formed in the middle positions of the root-restricting bags; dragon fruit piles penetrate into small holes formed in the bottoms of the root-restricting bags; nutrient soil of the root-restricting bags is made by evenly mixing garden soil, thoroughly decomposed oriental white oak shells (or sawdust, plant ash and the like) and a farmyard manure with the water content of 30%-40% according to the volume ratio of 2 to 1 to 1 and is put into the root-restricting bags in a filled mode; seedling stems are bound on concrete columns after shallow planting, and thin soil coverage is performed after fixed planting. The dragon fruit root-restricting cultivation method is stronger in fertilization purposiveness and controllability, can effectively avoid fertilizer efficiency delaying and nutrient loss, can achieve automatic and accurate quantification of fertilizer and water supply, has an important application value in water-saving agriculture in southwest drought water-deficient areas and can effectively improve the soil organic matter content per unit area and reduce the cost required for soil improvement at the earlier stage of orchard construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit tree cultivation technical field, particularly relate to a kind of Hylocereus undatus root-limiting cultivating method。
Background technology
Hylocereus undatus belongs to fruit tree in many tropical and subtropical countries, drought-enduring, high temperature resistant, happiness light, soil property is less demanding, and optimum soil pH value is 6.0 ~ 7.5, it is desirable to the soil plantation that the drainage that selects organic matter abundant is good。Hylocereus undatus planting patterns is varied, it is possible to adopt castatopsis fissa, it is also possible to shed frame type, but the most general with pillar cultivation。So-called pillar cultivation, it is simply that a vertical concrete column or pin, plantation 3 ~ 4 strain Hylocereus undatus Seedling around post, allows the planting type that Hylocereus undatus plant grows up along column。The general resident time of Hylocereus undatus is 3 ~ April, and the time of turning over is 10 ~ November, plants latter about 1 year and starts to yield positive results, 5 ~ November is the period of growth of the crop, thanks and spends latter 35 days fruit maturations, single fruit weight 0.4 ~ 0.7Kg, within 3rd year, entering the best fruiting period, general every per mu yield is 1500 ~ 2000Kg。
Determine diameter be 70cm ~ 90cm in traditional method all groups of employing of current China plantation Hylocereus undatus, the tree dish of high 30cm, in the process of Tuan Dingshu dish by fertilizer with around roll into a ball the table soil determined needed for tree dish and mix, then rolling into a ball, the tree dish reserved is planted Hylocereus undatus。This traditional implantation methods is new accumulation due to tree dish, and looseness of soil, water-retaining property is poor。Particularly during field planting, running into rainy season, due to rainwash effect, major part tree dish is broken up, and causes the loss of fertilizer。The newborn root system of Hylocereus undatus under the environment of this fertilizer deficiency hydropenia, the nutrition of newborn Root Absorption, it is difficult to meet nutrient needed for Hylocereus undatus new shoot growth。Thus poor growth, entering the time delay in the best fruiting period, to high yield period, owing to the number of dropouts of liquid manure is relatively big in soil, cause producing fruit rate not high, the quality of fruit is also undesirable, and the growth of fruit tree cannot manual control。Under equal water and fertilizer condition, the economic benefit of acquisition is not high。And in management process afterwards, irrigate the mode adopting pouring more, fertilising adopts ditch spread or mode of spreading manuer in holes, and under rainwash effect, fertilizer loss amount is relatively big, causes that the consumption of later stage liquid manure is all very big, and cost is high。As can be seen here, the planting patterns of existing Hylocereus undatus cultivates that the time is long, and rich water utilization rate is low, fruit cannot manual control, economy is low。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Hylocereus undatus root-limiting cultivating method, the planting patterns to solve existing Hylocereus undatus cultivates that the time is long, and rich water utilization rate is low, fruit cannot manual control, the problems such as economy is low。
For solving this problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
This Hylocereus undatus root-limiting cultivating method comprises the following steps:
(1) limitting the excavation in root cave: in Wa Xiangen cave, ground to be planted, limit root cave is circular hole；
(2) laying of root bag is limit: laying the non-woven fabrics limit root bag made in advance in limit root cave, square aperture is offered in limit root bag centre position；
(3) stake is determined: the aperture that Hylocereus undatus stake is offered bottom limit root bag penetrates；
(4) configuration of Nutrition Soil and filling: the Nutrition Soil of limit root bag in garden mould, Qinggang shell that becomes thoroughly decomposed, water content 30%～40% the ratio mixing of farm manure 2:1:1 by volume, and be filled in limit root bag；
(5) field planting of nursery stock: shallow plant after Seedling stem is strapped on concrete column, after field planting cover thin soil。
Wherein, the line space in limit root cave is 3.0m × 2.0m, limits root cave diameter 80cm, deep 45cm。Limit root bag is 200g/m2The cylindricality bag that diameter is 80cm height 60cm that non-woven fabrics makes, the square aperture aperture offered in the middle of limit root bag is 10cm × 10cm。
Wherein, become thoroughly decomposed Qinggang shell wood sawdust or plant ash substitutes。
Further, Hylocereus undatus stake is made up of column and square plate two parts, and column specification is: long 180cm, and bottom section is 10cm × 10cm；Square plate specification is: length of side 50cm, " window " type square plate of center square hole 8cm。
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) compared with traditional cultivation method, shortening Hylocereus undatus and turn over the time needed for result, the Hylocereus undatus of field planting in 3 ~ April then only needs just can turn over for 3 months, and relatively conventional implantation methods can shorten 4 ~ 6 months, can tie 2 ~ 3 batches of fruits then。
(2) the Hylocereus undatus next year per mu yield adopting root-limiting cultivating method plantation reaches 1000 ~ 1500Kg/ mu, and within the 3rd year, per mu yield reaches more than 2500Kg。And the Hylocereus undatus next year per mu yield of traditional method plantation is 800 ~ 1000Kg, within the 3rd year, per mu yield is about 1500 ~ 2000Kg。Compared with traditional cultivation method, mu volume increase is about 400 ~ 500Kg, and effect of increasing production is obvious。
(3) compared with traditional cultivation method, Hylocereus undatus root-limiting cultivating implantation methods, due to Root Distribution (diameter 80cm, degree of depth 45cm) in known scope, the blindness of fertilising when traditional cultivation can be overcome。Can effectively apply fertilizer, it is to avoid after fertilizer efficiency, prolong the harmful effect to Growth status and fruit quality。Accomplish that growth promoter needs feed during nutrition in good time, it is not necessary to time can stop in time。
(4) owing to root system is intensive, rhizosphere is narrow and small, and its transpiration can make rhizosphere soil moisture quickly reduce, can avoid soil's being over wet cause rotten, young sprout be pumped through many and that fruit maturation is bad phenomenon。And repeating continuous water stress can not only make young sprout growth stop in good time, reduce the waste of photosynthate, and fruit color and sugar accumulation can also be promoted。
(5) root density is big, and rhizosphere distribution is little, and moisture regulation is easy, it may be achieved the automatization of rich water supply and accurate quantification。According to Hylocereus undatus growth and development process needs water requirement, accomplish accurately to pour water, it is to avoid waste, in the water-saving agriculture of west and south drought and water-scarce area, have significant application value。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail。
Embodiment 1: the implantation methods of a kind of Hylocereus undatus root-limiting cultivating, detailed description of the invention is as follows:
(1) limitting the excavation in root cave: in Wa Xiangen cave, ground to be planted, the line space in limit root cave is 3.0m × 2.0m, and limit root cave is the circular hole of diameter 80cm, deep 45cm。
(2) laying of root bag is limit: in limit root cave, lay the non-woven fabrics limit root bag made in advance, the specification of limit root bag is 80cm(diameter) × 60cm(height), the square aperture of 10cm × 10cm is offered in limit root bag centre position, so as column traverse needed for Hylocereus undatus field planting, limit root bag is laid requirement and is buried 45cm, aerial parts 15cm。
(3) determining stake: Hylocereus undatus stake penetrates from the aperture offered bottom limit root bag, stake is buried 45cm, and be unearthed 135cm, 10cm place, column top set one " window " type cement square plate。
(4) configuration of Nutrition Soil and filling: the Nutrition Soil of limit root bag mix in the ratio of 2:1:1 by garden mould, Qinggang shell (or wood sawdust, plant ash etc.) that becomes thoroughly decomposed, farm manure (chicken manure, cattle manure, pig manure etc., water content 30% ~ 40%), and be filled in and limit in root bag。
(5) field planting of nursery stock: the resident time of nursery stock is 3 ~ April, 4 strains/stake, is planting from suspension column 10cm place is shallow, and the field planting degree of depth is 5.0cm ~ 7.5cm, is strapped on concrete column by Seedling stem, covers thin soil, must not trample after field planting。
Limitting in the laying of root bag at second step, required limit root bag is 200g/m2The cylindricality bag that diameter is 80cm height 60cm that non-woven fabrics makes, offers the square aperture of 10cm × 10cm in the middle of limit root bag, in order to column traverse needed for Hylocereus undatus field planting。
Determining in stake in the 3rd step, the Hylocereus undatus stake used is made up of column and square plate two parts。The specification of column is: long 180cm, and bottom section is 10cm × 10cm。The specification of square plate is: length of side 50cm, " window " type square plate of center square hole 8cm。
In the configuration and filling of the 4th step Nutrition Soil, required farm manure (chicken manure, cattle manure, pig manure etc.) should through fully becoming thoroughly decomposed。
Soil, liquid manure, flowers and fruits in later stage production management process, prune, gather and the management method such as pest and disease damage all conventionally carries out。
Embodiment 2: the implantation methods of a kind of Hylocereus undatus root-limiting cultivating, detailed description of the invention is as follows:
(1) limitting the excavation in root cave: in Wa Xiangen cave, ground to be planted, the line space in limit root cave is 2.0m × 3.0m, and limit root cave is the circular hole of diameter 90cm, deep 60cm。
(2) laying of root bag is limit: in limit root cave, lay the non-woven fabrics limit root bag made in advance, the specification of limit root bag is 90cm(diameter) × 60cm(height), the square aperture of 10cm × 10cm is offered in limit root bag centre position, so as column traverse needed for Hylocereus undatus field planting, limit root bag is laid requirement and is buried 45cm, aerial parts 15cm。
(3) determining stake: Hylocereus undatus stake penetrates from the aperture offered bottom limit root bag, stake is buried 45cm, and be unearthed 135cm, 10cm place, column top set one " window " type cement square plate。
(4) configuration of Nutrition Soil and filling: the Nutrition Soil of limit root bag is by garden mould, Qinggang shell (or wood sawdust, plant ash etc.) that becomes thoroughly decomposed, farm manure (chicken manure, cattle manure, pig manure etc., water content 30% ~ 40%) by volume 2:1:1 ratio mixing, and be filled in limit root bag in。
(5) field planting of nursery stock: the resident time of nursery stock is 3 ~ April, 4 strains/stake, is planting from suspension column 10cm place is shallow, and the field planting degree of depth is 5.0 ~ 7.5cm, is strapped on concrete column by Seedling stem, covers thin soil, must not trample after field planting。
Limitting in the laying of root bag at second step, required limit root bag is 200g/m2The cylindricality bag of the diameter 80cm height 60cm that non-woven fabrics makes, offers the square aperture of 10cm × 10cm in the middle of limit root bag, in order to column traverse needed for Hylocereus undatus field planting。
Determining in stake in the 3rd step, the Hylocereus undatus stake used is made up of column and square plate two parts。The specification of column is: long 180cm, and bottom section is 10cm × 10cm。The specification of square plate is: length of side 50cm, " window " type square plate of center square hole 8cm。
In the configuration and filling of the 4th step Nutrition Soil, required farm manure (chicken manure, cattle manure, pig manure etc.) should through fully becoming thoroughly decomposed。
Soil, liquid manure, flowers and fruits in later stage production management process, prune, gather and the management method such as pest and disease damage all conventionally carries out。
Implementation result: Guizhou Fruit Institute is after the Hylocereus undatus root-limiting cultivating implantation methods of employing embodiments of the invention 1 in 2012 and embodiment 2, field planting in March then, the Hylocereus undatus nursery stock achieving full garden 90% June turns over, and realizes October then bearing fruit, result 2 batches altogether。When annual production per mu yield is 200Kg/ mu, within 2013, entering the best fruiting period, yield is 1500Kg/ mu, and 2014 annual productions are 2540Kg/ mu。Compared with traditional cultivation method, turn over time advance 4 ~ 6 months, carries and enters the best fruiting period the previous year, and yield per unit area improves 500Kg。And this implantation methods Hylocereus undatus phase consistent degree of yielding positive results is higher, the fruit average fruit of production weighs 0.6 ~ 0.8Kg, and more conventional plantation single fruit weight improves 0.1 ~ 0.2Kg, and fruit color is uniform, bright, and fruit type consistent degree is high, quality better。
Certainly, being more than the concrete exemplary applications of the present invention, the present invention also has other embodiment, all employings to be equal to replacement or the technical scheme of equivalent transformation formation, all falls within protection domain of the presently claimed invention。
Claims (5)
1. a Hylocereus undatus root-limiting cultivating method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) limitting the excavation in root cave: in Wa Xiangen cave, ground to be planted, limit root cave is circular hole；
(2) laying of root bag is limit: laying the non-woven fabrics limit root bag made in advance in limit root cave, square aperture is offered in limit root bag centre position；
(3) stake is determined: the aperture that Hylocereus undatus stake is offered bottom limit root bag penetrates；
(4) configuration of Nutrition Soil and filling: the Nutrition Soil of limit root bag in garden mould, Qinggang shell that becomes thoroughly decomposed, water content 30%～40% the ratio mixing of farm manure 2:1:1 by volume, and be filled in limit root bag；
(5) field planting of nursery stock: shallow plant after Seedling stem is strapped on concrete column, after field planting cover thin soil。
2. Hylocereus undatus root-limiting cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the line space in limit root cave is 3.0m × 2.0m, limits root cave diameter 80cm, deep 45cm。
3. Hylocereus undatus root-limiting cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: limit root bag is 200g/m2The cylindricality bag that diameter is 80cm height 60cm that non-woven fabrics makes, the square aperture aperture offered in the middle of limit root bag is 10cm × 10cm。
4. Hylocereus undatus root-limiting cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described in become thoroughly decomposed Qinggang shell wood sawdust or plant ash substitute。
5. Hylocereus undatus root-limiting cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Hylocereus undatus stake is made up of column and square plate two parts, and column specification is: long 180cm, and bottom section is 10cm × 10cm；Square plate specification is: length of side 50cm, " window " type square plate of center square hole 8cm。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610205234.9A CN105684719A (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2016-04-05 | Dragon fruit root-restricting cultivation method |
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| CN201610205234.9A CN105684719A (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2016-04-05 | Dragon fruit root-restricting cultivation method |
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| CN201610205234.9A Pending CN105684719A (en) | 2016-04-05 | 2016-04-05 | Dragon fruit root-restricting cultivation method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106900448A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-30 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of root-limiting cultivating method for improving apple nursery stock quality |
| CN108675892A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-10-19 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of nutrition packet matrix of tidal land plantation dragon fruit and thrifty synergisting method |
| CN109042032A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-12-21 | 陈念枢 | A kind of cultural method of radix fici simplicissimae |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106900448A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-30 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of root-limiting cultivating method for improving apple nursery stock quality |
| CN108675892A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-10-19 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of nutrition packet matrix of tidal land plantation dragon fruit and thrifty synergisting method |
| CN108675892B (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2021-08-10 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Nutrient bag matrix for planting dragon fruits in shoals and frugal-saving and efficiency-improving method |
| CN109042032A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-12-21 | 陈念枢 | A kind of cultural method of radix fici simplicissimae |
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