CN111763096A - 一种保温装置用炭基材料 - Google Patents

一种保温装置用炭基材料 Download PDF

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CN111763096A
CN111763096A CN202010741173.4A CN202010741173A CN111763096A CN 111763096 A CN111763096 A CN 111763096A CN 202010741173 A CN202010741173 A CN 202010741173A CN 111763096 A CN111763096 A CN 111763096A
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申富强
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Q Carbon Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种保温装置用炭基材料,所述保温装置包括至少两个环箍和至少一中面部,所述中面部包括至少两中面板,所述中面板的材料采用炭基材料,所述炭基材料为碳材料化合物或石墨片涂覆。本发明可以有效减少腐蚀,延长寿命。

Description

一种保温装置用炭基材料
技术领域
本发明涉及热场零件使用材料,具体涉及一种单晶硅或多晶硅的制造过程中的一种炭基材料的应用,采用炭基材料制作的拼接式保温装置。
背景技术
在单晶硅或多晶硅的制作中,目前普遍采用直拉法(CZ法),就是沿着垂直方向从熔体中拉制单晶的方法。在制造设备中,例如石墨坩埚,它是用来承载内部的石英坩埚的。在使用过程中,由于石英坩埚和石墨坩埚的膨胀系数不同,而且硅蒸汽与石墨会产生侵蚀反应的原因,存在石墨坩埚龟裂、侵蚀失强等问题。而且,随着单晶硅生长的晶体直径越来越粗,相应的单晶炉的直径也越做越大,这样对热场的可靠性也要求越来越高。由于现有热场装置例如坩埚、保温筒、导流筒等强度的局限性,直径越大那么其壁厚要求也越大,所以重量很重,而且热容很高,导致操作笨重,耗能增加,成本提高。
随着生产的技术进步,晶炉的尺寸越来越大,对导流筒、保温筒的直径和其他尺寸,也要求尺寸变得越来越大。这样,石墨材质的强度已经不能满足晶炉的设计要求,同时用整块石墨料制造导流筒、保温筒等热场装置的成本也非常高,尤其是尺寸越大,石墨本身的原料成本就高,如果用整块石墨原料加工,其成本将会变得非常高。现有技术已经提出了导流筒、保温筒等热场装置拆分成多个零件,先制作零件,再把零件组装起来的工艺,但是其中的中面板采用石墨材料在强度和安全性上还有不足的地方。
现有技术中专利号2017218011048一种保温装置,提出了一种碳纤维复合材料的保温装置,克服热应力,有效提高保温装置的可靠性,但是还有提升的地方。
因此,现有技术的保温装置还有提升的地方。
发明内容
针对上述缺陷,本发明的目的是提供一种保温装置用炭基材料,以解决现有技术的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用了以下的技术方案:
一种保温装置用炭基材料,所述炭基材料为碳材料化合物或石墨片涂覆。
依照本申请较佳实施例所述的保温装置用炭基材料,所述碳材料化合物采用碳纤维、鳞片石墨、石墨粉、碳布、石墨纸、碳粉、石墨烯、石墨纤维其中的一种或多种作为基础材料,添加粉体的或液态的酚醛、环氧、沥青等高聚物树脂材料的其中一种或多种经过固化、碳化、石墨化而成。
依照本申请较佳实施例所述的保温装置用炭基材料,所述保温装置包括至少两个环箍和至少一中面部,所述中面部包括至少两中面板,所述中面板的材料采用炭基材料。
依照本申请较佳实施例所述的保温装置用炭基材料,所述石墨片涂覆是将石墨片在烃类气体中进行气相沉积制成。
依照本申请较佳实施例所述的保温装置用炭基材料,所述石墨片涂覆是将石墨片进行氮化硼、氮化硅、氧化铝、碳化硅、陶瓷的其中一种的热喷涂而成。
依照本申请较佳实施例所述的保温装置用炭基材料,所述中面板制作包括以下步骤:
步骤1:选取碳纤维、鳞片石墨、石墨粉、碳布、石墨纸、碳粉、石墨烯、石墨纤维其中的一种或多种作为基础材料;
步骤2:添加粉体的或液态的酚醛、环氧、沥青等高聚物树脂材料的其中的一种或多种;
步骤3:搅拌混匀;
步骤4:模压;
步骤5:加热固化;
步骤6:碳化;
步骤7:石墨化。
依照本申请较佳实施例所述的保温装置用炭基材料,所述步骤6之后还包括步骤6-1密度检测,密度小于设定值时,还包括:
步骤6-2:添加液态的酚醛、环氧、沥青等高聚物树脂材料的其中的一种或多种;
步骤6-3:浸渍;
步骤6-4:碳化。
依照本申请较佳实施例所述的保温装置用炭基材料,所述中面板制作包括以下步骤:
步骤1:石墨进行机加工;
步骤2:成为具体需要的形状和尺寸;
步骤3:在沉积炉中加入烃类气体;
步骤4:进行气相沉积;
步骤5:得到成品。
依照本申请较佳实施例所述的保温装置用炭基材料,所述中面板制作包括以下步骤:
步骤1:石墨进行机加工;
步骤2:成为具体需要的形状和尺寸;
步骤3:石墨片进行氮化硼、氮化硅、氧化铝、碳化硅、陶瓷的其中一种的热喷涂;
步骤4:得到成品。
由于采用了以上的技术使得本发明相比现有技术,具有以下的优点和积极效果:
第一、本申请的原材料选择范围广,不受尺寸限制,原料成本低;
第二、本申请的保温装置质量轻、强度高、无剥落、安全性高;
第三、本申请的保温装置不需要制作胚体,其形状的可塑性强,不受胚体的限制,设计灵活,批量生产缩短交货周期,材料加工浪费少;
第四、本申请的保温装置表面做过表面处理,可以有效减少腐蚀,延长寿命。
附图说明
图1为本申请保温装置示意图;
图2为一种制作碳材料化合物流程图;
图3为图2的判断制作流程图;
图4为一种制作石墨片涂覆流程图;
图5为另外一种制作石墨片涂覆流程图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的几个优选实施例进行详细描述,但本发明并不仅仅限于这些实施例。本发明涵盖任何在本发明的精髓和范围上做的替代、修改、等效方法以及方案。为了使公众对本发明有彻底的了解,在以下本发明优选实施例中详细说明了具体的细节,而对本领域技术人员来说没有这些细节的描述也可以完全理解本发明。
本发明的核心思想在于,有效的提高和超越传统制作的热场装置的寿命,采用分段式设计,中面板表面强化,同时提供制作这种中面板的方法。这种热场装置可以根据实际的设计要求灵活设计其结构,而不需要重新制作胚体,能够有效节约成本和缩短交货期,同时能够批量生产;中面板表面强化处理后,可以有效延缓硅蒸汽的侵蚀,提高使用寿命。
以下结合附图,具体说明本申请。
请参见图1,本申请热场装置示意图,本实施例中拼接式热场装置是一种保温装置,但是不能用来限制本申请,只要是拼接式的都应该是本申请的保护范围,所述保温装置包括至少两个环箍10和至少一中面部,所述中面部包括至少两中面板21,所述中面板为碳材料化合物或石墨片涂覆。
优选的,所述中面板为碳材料化合物,所述碳材料化合物采用碳纤维、鳞片石墨、石墨粉、碳布、石墨纸、碳粉、石墨烯、石墨纤维其中的一种或多种作为基础材料,其中碳纤维可以是碳纤维粉或者是碳纤维短纤,而石墨纤维可以是石墨纤维粉或者是石墨纤维短纤。选定基础材料后,在基础材料中添加粉体或液态的酚醛、环氧、沥青等高聚物树脂材料的其中的一种或多种;经过固化、碳化、石墨化而成所述中面板。
优选的,所述中面板为石墨片涂覆,所述石墨片涂覆是将石墨片在烃类气体中进行气相沉积制成。
此外,所述中面板为石墨片涂覆的另外一种实施例,所述石墨片涂覆是将石墨片进行氮化硼、氮化硅、氧化铝、碳化硅、陶瓷的其中一种的热喷涂而成。
接着说明中面板的制作方法,所述保温装置包括至少两个环箍和至少一中面部,所述中面部包括至少两中面板,所述中面板为碳材料化合物,请参考图2,所述中面板制作包括以下步骤:
步骤101:选取基础材料;
选取碳纤维、鳞片石墨、石墨粉、碳布、石墨纸、碳粉、石墨烯、石墨纤维其中的一种或多种作为基础材料;其中碳纤维可以是碳纤维粉或者是碳纤维短纤,而石墨纤维可以是石墨纤维粉或者是石墨纤维短纤,在选取多种材料作为基础材料时,粉体需要按一定比例混合均匀;
步骤102:添加粉体或液态的酚醛、环氧、沥青等高聚物树脂材料的其中一种或多种;
步骤103:搅拌混匀;
将上述的基础材料和添加剂充分搅拌均匀;
步骤104:模压;
将搅拌均匀后的材料放入模具中,进行模压成型;
步骤105:加热固化;
将上述模压的型材加热到特定温度(20~250度)进行加热固化,
根据树脂固化温度不同,设定不同的固化温度和固化时间。
步骤106:碳化;
将上述加热固化的型材放入炭化炉内在真空或惰性气氛中进行碳化,惰性气体可以是氮气或其他惰性气体,碳化温度根据树脂性能设定不同的升温曲线和碳化时间。
步骤107:石墨化;
将上述碳化的型材放入石墨化炉真空或惰性气氛中进行石墨化处理,惰性气体可以是氮气或其他惰性气体,碳化温度根据树脂性能设定不同的升温曲线和石墨化时间。石墨化后,得到质优抗腐的成品。
在石墨化之前要对碳化的结果进行密度确认,请参考图3,所以在所述步骤106之后还包括步骤1061密度检测,在密度小于设定值时,产品不达标需要进行密度提高,密度提高的方法包括:
步骤1062:添加液态的酚醛、环氧、沥青其中的一种或两种;
这里使用液态的酚醛、环氧和沥青等高聚物树脂材料的一种或多种,不使用固态的树脂粉;
步骤1063:浸渍;
将碳化后的产品浸在盛有以上所述液态聚合物树脂材料的储槽中,储槽可以是开放式的也可以是密闭式的,如果是密闭式的可以辅助抽真空,以便缩短浸渍时间,浸渍时间根据密度测定值来确定合适的时间。
步骤1064:碳化;
将浸渍后的产品进行碳化,这个碳化的步骤后,回到步骤1061的密度检测,在密度大于设定值时,进入步骤107的石墨化,而在密度小于设定值时,产品不达标需要再进行密度提高,如此重复进行直到密度大于设定值。
接着说明第二种实施例的中面板的制作方法,所述保温装置包括至少两个环箍和至少一中面部,所述中面部包括至少两中面板,请参考图4,所述中面板为石墨片涂覆,所述中面板制作包括以下步骤:
步骤201:石墨进行机加工;
也就是石墨进行机械切削,在执行前,已经针对需要的数量、形状和尺寸做好了设计方案,根据实际的热工设计要求灵活设计结构,不需要制作胚体,能够有效节约成本和缩短交货期,同时能够批量生产;
步骤202:成为具体需要的形状和尺寸;
依照设计方案,将石墨加工成需要的形状和尺寸的中面板;
步骤203:在沉积炉中加入烃类气体;
根据工艺需要,在真空环境中把炉温升到一定温度(700~1800℃)后,在沉积炉中按照一定比例加入烃类气体和载气(氮气或氢气或其他惰性气体);
步骤204:进行气相沉积;
恒温在设定的温度(700~1800℃),根据沉积厚度在一定的时间内(0.5~2000小时)进行气相沉积;
步骤205:得到成品;
经过气相沉积工艺后,得到质优抗腐的成品。
接着说明另外一种实施例的中面板的制作方法,所述热场装置包括至少两个环箍和至少一中面部,所述中面部包括至少两中面板,所述中面板为石墨片涂覆,请参考图5,所述中面板制作包括以下步骤:
步骤301:石墨进行机加工;
也就是石墨进行机械切削,在执行前,已经针对需要的数量、
形状和尺寸做好了设计方案,根据实际的热工设计要求灵活设计结构,不需要制作胚体,能够有效节约成本和缩短交货期,同时能够批量生产;
步骤302:成为具体需要的形状和尺寸;
依照设计方案,将石墨加工成需要的形状和尺寸的中面板;
步骤303:石墨片进行氮化硼、氮化硅、氧化铝、碳化硅、陶瓷的其中一种的热喷涂。
步骤304:得到成品。
由于采用了以上的技术使得本申请相比现有技术,具有以下的优点和积极效果:
第一、本申请的原材料选择范围广,不受尺寸限制,原料成本低;
第二、本申请的保温装置质量轻、强度高、无剥落、安全性高;
第三、本申请的保温装置不需要制作胚体,其形状的可塑性强,不受胚体的限制,设计灵活,批量生产缩短交货周期,材料加工浪费少;第四、本申请的保温装置表面做过表面处理,可以有效减少腐蚀,延长寿命。
依照本发明的实施例如上文所述,这些实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节,也不限制该发明仅为所述的具体实施例。显然,根据以上描述,可作很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例,是为了更好地解释本发明的原理和实际应用,从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地利用本发明以及在本发明基础上的修改使用。本发明仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。

Claims (9)

1.一种保温装置用炭基材料,其特征在于,所述炭基材料为碳材料化合物或石墨片涂覆。
2.如权利要求1所述的保温装置用炭基材料,其特征在于,所述碳材料化合物采用碳纤维、鳞片石墨、石墨粉、碳布、石墨纸、碳粉、石墨烯、石墨纤维其中的一种或多种作为基础材料,添加粉体的或液态的酚醛、环氧、沥青等高聚物树脂材料的其中一种或多种经过固化、碳化、石墨化而成。
3.如权利要求1所述的保温装置用炭基材料,其特征在于,所述保温装置包括至少两个环箍和至少一中面部,所述中面部包括至少两中面板,所述中面板的材料采用炭基材料。
4.如权利要求3所述的保温装置用炭基材料,其特征在于,所述石墨片涂覆是将石墨片在烃类气体中进行气相沉积制成。
5.如权利要求3所述的保温装置用炭基材料,其特征在于,所述石墨片涂覆是将石墨片进行氮化硼、氮化硅、氧化铝、碳化硅、陶瓷的其中一种的热喷涂而成。
6.如权利要求3所述的保温装置用炭基材料,其特征在于,所述中面板制作包括以下步骤:
步骤1:选取碳纤维、鳞片石墨、石墨粉、碳布、石墨纸、碳粉、石墨烯、石墨纤维其中的一种或多种作为基础材料;
步骤2:添加粉体的或液态的酚醛、环氧、沥青等高聚物树脂材料的其中的一种或多种;
步骤3:搅拌混匀;
步骤4:模压;
步骤5:加热固化;
步骤6:碳化;
步骤7:石墨化。
7.如权利要求6所述的保温装置用炭基材料,其特征在于,所述步骤6之后还包括步骤6-1密度检测,密度小于设定值时,还包括:
步骤6-2:添加液态的酚醛、环氧、沥青其中的一种或两种;
步骤6-3:浸渍;
步骤6-4:碳化。
8.如权利要求4所述的保温装置用炭基材料,其特征在于,所述中面板制作包括以下步骤:
步骤1:石墨进行机加工;
步骤2:成为具体需要的形状和尺寸;
步骤3:在沉积炉中加入烃类气体;
步骤4:进行气相沉积;
步骤5:得到成品。
9.如权利要求5所述的保温装置用炭基材料,其特征在于,所述中面板制作包括以下步骤:
步骤1:石墨进行机加工;
步骤2:成为具体需要的形状和尺寸;
步骤3:石墨片进行氮化硼、氮化硅、氧化铝、碳化硅、陶瓷的其中一种的热喷涂;
步骤4:得到成品。
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