CN111742765A - Prevention and treatment method for citrus greening disease - Google Patents

Prevention and treatment method for citrus greening disease Download PDF

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CN111742765A
CN111742765A CN201910242346.5A CN201910242346A CN111742765A CN 111742765 A CN111742765 A CN 111742765A CN 201910242346 A CN201910242346 A CN 201910242346A CN 111742765 A CN111742765 A CN 111742765A
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injector
extract
citrus
greening disease
preventing
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黄明灯
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/48Zingiberaceae [Ginger family], e.g. ginger or galangal

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating citrus greening disease, and aims to solve the problem that the existing method for treating citrus greening disease is poor in effect. The method comprises the following specific steps: step one, punching a citrus tree; step two, perforating the injector; step three, preparing a prevention and treatment liquid medicine; step four, injecting a prevention and treatment liquid medicine; and step five, pulling out the injector and smearing lime slurry. The invention mixes the prevention and treatment medicine obtained by combining the plant extracts with water into prevention and treatment liquid medicine, and injects the liquid medicine into the citrus trees by adopting a syringe injection mode, so that the medicine can quickly enter the phloem of diseased trees, has obvious inhibition effect on gram-negative bacteria causing yellow dragon disease, can effectively kill pathogens, enables the citrus trees to generate antibodies, is not afraid of psylla to spread germs again, achieves the aim of preventing and treating the yellow dragon disease of citrus, is simple in operation, saves time and labor, avoids economic loss caused by digging or cutting down the citrus trees, and has wide application prospect.

Description

Prevention and treatment method for citrus greening disease
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of citrus control, in particular to a method for controlling citrus greening disease.
Background
With the improvement of living standard and the increase of economic income of people, people can have more money to buy food needed by the people, and fruits are the most frequently bought food.
Fruit refers to plant fruit that is juicy and tastes sweet and sour primarily, and is edible. The fruit not only contains rich nutrition, but also can promote digestion, and the citrus is one of common fruits.
Citrus plants belonging to the genus Rutaceae of the genus Citrus are favored to have warm and humid climate and have a slightly stronger cold resistance than pomelos, limes and oranges. The subfamily Citrus of Rutaceae is distributed in northern latitude between 16-37 degrees, is a tropical and subtropical evergreen fruit tree, and is a general name of oranges, mandarins, oranges, kumquats, pomelos, poncirus trifoliata and the like, and the oranges become precious fruits for human beings.
The citrus greening disease is caused by gram-negative bacteria parasitized in phloem, pathogenic bacteria are quickly spread through psyllids, various Rutaceae plants including citrus, Hovenia, kumquat, Murraya koenigii and the like can be infected, the citrus greening disease is a large enemy for citrus planting, destructive disasters can be caused to citrus, people adopt various methods such as insect prevention nets, pesticide spraying liquid, citrus tree digging or cutting-off isolation, virus-free seedlings and the like to prevent and treat the citrus greening disease, but the effect is not satisfactory.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preventing and treating citrus greening disease, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for preventing and treating citrus greening disease comprises the following specific steps:
uniformly drilling downward inclined holes in a citrus tree to avoid a wood drying position and a wood too hard position, wherein the positions of the inclined holes are preferably positions below a grafting opening or positions exposed out of the root of the ground surface;
step two, pulling the syringe of the injector to 25-35mL, then punching a through hole at the position of 60-70mL of the syringe, which is aligned with the V-shaped center of the inner rod of the injector, and flatly leaning the adjusted handle of the injector on a stable part, such as a table, so that the dislocation is less likely to occur;
step three, uniformly mixing the control drug and water according to the mass ratio of 2.5-3.5:200 to obtain control liquid medicine, wherein no precipitate exists in the control liquid medicine;
step four, extracting the prevention liquid medicine by using an injector, inserting a needle cylinder of the injector into an inclined hole of the citrus tree, pushing the injector to the through hole of the inner rod of the injector, and fixing by using a fastener;
and step five, after the control liquid medicine is injected, pulling out the injector, smearing lime slurry on the surface of the inclined hole, generally hanging trees with about 100 catties of fruit, wherein each needle of the control liquid medicine is 20mL, each tree needs to be beaten for about 10 needles, each tree with more than 120 catties needs to be beaten for 11 to 15 needles, 1 needle is added for each 30 catties of fruit, 1 to 8 needles of saplings or root irrigation (the quantity is one time), the trees are beaten for four times every year, once in two months (namely once in each of the three, five, seven and nine months in the solar calendar), seriously ill plants are beaten for one time in the first winter in the first year, the effect is ideal, the needles are added for the third to the fourth time, namely 2 needles are added in the seventy months, 2 needles are added in the 9 months, and if individual fruit branches are still ill, the lime slurry is smeared as a mark, and then the branches are independently punched.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the first step, the angle of the inclined hole is 40-50 degrees, and the depth of the inclined hole is 2.2-2.6 cm.
As a further scheme of the invention: and in the first step, an electric portable drill with a 12V lithium battery is adopted for drilling inclined holes, and the diameter of a drill bit is 4 mm.
As a further scheme of the invention: the medicine for preventing and treating the hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia comprises ginger extract, purslane extract, dandelion extract and garlic extract, wherein the mass ratio of the ginger extract to the purslane extract to the dandelion extract to the garlic extract is 2.5-3.3: 1.8-2.4: 1.2-1.5: 1-1.4.
As a further scheme of the invention: the mixing steps of the preventive and therapeutic drugs and the water in the step three are as follows: pouring the control drug into a container, adding a small amount of water, stirring to a slurry state, adding part of water, stirring, standing for 5-10 min, allowing the mixture to precipitate, slowly pouring into another container, stirring again, and repeating for multiple times until no precipitate exists in the container, thus obtaining the control drug liquid.
As a further scheme of the invention: the ginger extract and the purslane extract are obtained by crushing ginger and purslane and adding the crushed ginger and purslane into an ethanol solution with the weight percentage of 70-80% and the weight of 4-6 times of the weight of the crushed ginger and purslane, oscillating the crushed ginger and purslane in the ethanol solution for 50-75 minutes by adopting ultrasonic waves, filtering, combining extracting solutions and drying, the dandelion extract and the garlic extract are obtained by crushing dandelion and garlic into 20-30 meshes and adding water with the weight of 5-7 times of the crushed dandelion and garlic, decocting the crushed dandelion and garlic for 3-4 times at 75-90 ℃ for 80-120 minutes each time, filtering, combining the decocted liquids and drying.
As a further scheme of the invention: when stirring, tools which can be stirred into pulp, such as a stirrer, a soybean milk machine and the like, are adopted.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the fourth step, the fastener adopts a screw or a tile angle nail.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has reasonable design, the prevention and treatment medicine obtained by combining the plant extracts is mixed with water to form the prevention and treatment liquid medicine, the liquid medicine is injected into the citrus trees by adopting a syringe injection mode, so that the medicine can quickly enter the phloem of the diseased trees, has obvious inhibition effect on gram negative bacteria causing the yellow dragon disease, can effectively kill pathogens, enables the citrus trees to generate antibodies, is not afraid of the wood louse to spread germs again, and further achieves the purpose of preventing and treating the yellow dragon disease of the citrus, can take effect 1-2 months after use, is simple to operate, saves time and labor, has low cost, avoids economic loss caused by digging or cutting down the citrus trees, and has wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present patent will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1
A method for preventing and treating citrus greening disease comprises the following specific steps:
uniformly drilling downward 45-degree inclined holes with the depth of 2.3 cm on a citrus tree, avoiding a wood drying position and a wood too hard position, wherein the positions of the inclined holes are preferably positions below a grafting opening or positions exposed out of the root of the ground surface, the second inclined holes are staggered with the first inclined holes, and the third inclined holes start to move upwards;
step two, a 50mL injector is adopted, the needle cylinder of the injector is pulled to a position of 30mL (based on the first circle of the black circle in the needle cylinder of the injector), then a through hole is punched at a position of 65mL of the needle cylinder of the injector aiming at the V-shaped center of the inner rod of the injector, and the adjusted injector handle is flatly leaned on a stable part such as a table when the through hole is punched, so that the dislocation is less likely;
step three, uniformly mixing the prevention and treatment medicine and water according to the mass ratio of 1:80, wherein the prevention and treatment medicine comprises a ginger extract, a purslane extract, a dandelion extract and a garlic extract, and the mass ratio of the ginger extract to the purslane extract to the dandelion extract to the garlic extract is 2.5: 1.8: 1.2: 1, crushing ginger extract and purslane extract which are ginger and purslane, adding the crushed ginger extract and purslane extract into 75% ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 5 times of the weight of the crushed ginger extract and purslane extract, oscillating the crushed ginger extract and garlic in the ethanol solution for 58 minutes by adopting ultrasonic waves, filtering, combining extracting solutions and drying to obtain dandelion extract and garlic extract, crushing the dandelion extract and garlic into 20 meshes, adding water with the weight of 5 times of the dandelion extract and garlic extract, decocting the dandelion extract and garlic extract for 4 times at 86 ℃ for 95 minutes each time, filtering, combining the decoction and drying to obtain a control liquid medicine, wherein no precipitate exists in the control liquid medicine;
pushing the injector to the bottommost part, completely immersing the needle head of the injector into the prevention and treatment liquid medicine, drawing the injector to a position of 40mL, stirring while drawing to prevent precipitation, removing the injector from the liquid level of the prevention and treatment liquid medicine, returning discharged air to a position of 20mL, drawing the needle cylinder of the injector filled with 20mL of the prevention and treatment liquid medicine to a position of 55mL, enabling the opening of the needle cylinder of the injector to be downward, enabling scales of the injector to be upward, then inserting the injector into an inclined hole of a citrus tree, pushing the injector to a through hole of an inner rod of the injector, and fixing the injector by using a;
step five, after the control liquid medicine is injected, the injector is pulled out, lime slurry made of quicklime is smeared on the surface of an inclined hole, a needle cylinder with a small amount of the injector can not completely inject the control liquid medicine, trees with about 100 jin of fruits are generally hung, the control liquid medicine is 20mL per needle, about 10 needles per tree are needed to be beaten, 11 to 15 needles per tree with more than 120 jin of trees are beaten, 1 needle is added per 30 jin of fruits, 1 to 8 needles of young trees or root irrigation (the quantity is the above mentioned one time), four times are beaten every year, two months (namely three, five, seven and nine months of the solar calendar are respectively one time), serious plants are beaten once in the first winter, the effect is ideal, 2 needles are added in the third to fourth time, namely seven months, 2 needles are added in 9 months, if individual fruit branches are still diseased, a mark is painted by using light lime slurry, and then the branches are singly punched and injected.
Example 2
A method for preventing and treating citrus greening disease comprises the following specific steps:
step one, uniformly drilling downward inclined holes in a citrus tree by using a 12V lithium battery and a hand-held electric drill with a drill bit diameter of 4mm, wherein the angle of the inclined holes is 50 degrees, a wood dry part and a wood too hard position are avoided, the position of the inclined holes is preferably the position below a grafting opening or the position exposed out of the root of the ground surface, the second inclined holes are staggered with the first inclined holes, and the third inclined holes start to move upwards;
step two, pulling the syringe of the injector to 35mL, then punching a through hole at the position of 70mL of the syringe aligned to the V-shaped center of the inner rod of the injector, and flatly leaning the adjusted handle of the injector on a stable part such as a table when punching the through hole, so that the dislocation is less likely to occur;
step three, uniformly mixing the prevention and treatment medicine and water according to the mass ratio of 3:200, wherein the prevention and treatment medicine comprises a ginger extract, a purslane extract, a dandelion extract and a garlic extract, and the mass ratio of the ginger extract to the purslane extract to the dandelion extract to the garlic extract is 6: 4: 2.7: 2.3, pouring the control drug into a container, adding a small amount of water, stirring to be slurry by using a stirrer, adding part of water, stirring by using the stirrer, standing for 8 minutes, precipitating, slowly pouring into another container, stirring by using the stirrer again, and repeating for multiple times until no precipitate exists in the container, so that the control liquid medicine is obtained, wherein no precipitate exists in the control liquid medicine;
step four, extracting the prevention liquid medicine by using an injector, completely immersing a needle head of the injector into the prevention liquid medicine, drawing the injector to 40mL, stirring while drawing to prevent precipitation, separating the injector from the liquid level of the prevention liquid medicine and returning discharged air to 20mL, drawing a needle cylinder of the injector filled with 20mL of the prevention liquid medicine to 70mL, with a downward needle cylinder opening of the injector and an upward scale of the injector, inserting the injector into an inclined hole of a citrus tree, pushing the injector to a through hole of an inner rod of the injector and fixing by using a tile angle nail;
and step five, after the control liquid medicine is injected, pulling out the injector, smearing lime slurry on the surface of the inclined hole, generally hanging trees with about 100 catties of fruit, wherein each needle of the control liquid medicine is 20mL, each tree needs to be drilled with about 10 needles, each tree with more than 120 catties needs to be drilled with 11 to 15 needles, 1 needle is added for each 30 catties of fruit, 1 to 8 needles of saplings or root irrigation (the quantity is one time), the trees are drilled with 1 needle for two months (namely three, five, seven and nine months in the lunar calendar), serious disease plants are drilled with 2 needles in the first winter in the first year, the effect is ideal and not particularly serious citrus trees, the needles can be drilled from 3 months in the spring without drilling after fruit harvest, the needles are drilled for the third to fourth times, namely 2 needles are added for July, 2 needles are added for 9 months, and if individual fruit branches are still diseased, the signs are painted with light lime slurry, and then the branches are drilled and injected separately.
The dosage of each tree with different fruiting amount in the invention is shown in table 1, and each tree is 20 mL.
TABLE 1 dosage table
Figure BDA0002010044750000051
Figure BDA0002010044750000061
The month of injection of a tree with different fruiting amount in the invention is shown in table 2, and each injection is 20 mL.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002010044750000062
When the citrus orchard is wastefully used or is newly managed and mountains are cleared, the whole citrus orchard needs to be provided with the prevention and treatment liquid medicine once.
Examples of the experiments
Four citrus planting fields in different areas are selected from four villages and towns in Ganxiangzhou city, Anyuan county in Jiangxi province in 2017 to 2018, each citrus planting field is 1 group, 30-100 citrus trees in each group are tested into A, B, C, D groups, and A, B, C, D groups of field efficacy tests are carried out according to the medicines and the method in the embodiment 1. The citrus trees which have grown yellow dragon disease in A, B, C, D fours experimental plots and are out of control for 2 years are subjected to pesticide injection, the pesticide injection is carried out 4 times a year, the time is 3 days before the 3 th month, 5 days before the 5 th month, 7 days before the 7 th month and 9 days before the 9 th month of the gregorian calendar, and the experiment results of the statistical prevention and control experiment results of the yellow dragon disease of the citrus are shown in tables 3 and 4.
Table 32017 year experimental results
Figure BDA0002010044750000063
Figure BDA0002010044750000071
TABLE 42018 year experimental results
Number of experimental groups and strains in 2018 years Cure (strain) Display effect (strain) Invalid (strain)
100 southern porch field experimental groups A 99 1 0
100B Beipian Tianxin experimental group 100 0 0
C Dongdan Chuan experiment group 100 100 0 0
D Western Messaging locomotive experimental group 100 100 0 0
As can be seen from tables 3 and 4, the effective rate of controlling citrus greening disease in the method of the present invention is 100%, and the cure rate is more than 96%.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (8)

1. The method for preventing and treating citrus greening disease is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
uniformly drilling downward inclined holes in a citrus tree;
step two, pulling the syringe of the injector to 25-35mL, and then punching a through hole in the V-shaped center of the inner rod of the injector at 60-70mL of the syringe;
step three, uniformly mixing the control drug and water according to the mass ratio of 2.5-3.5:200 to obtain a control liquid medicine;
step four, extracting the prevention liquid medicine by using an injector, inserting a needle cylinder of the injector into an inclined hole of the citrus tree, pushing the injector to the through hole of the inner rod of the injector, and fixing by using a fastener;
and step five, after the liquid medicine is injected, pulling out the injector, and smearing lime slurry on the surface of the inclined hole.
2. The method for controlling citrus greening disease according to claim 1, wherein an angle of the inclined hole in the first step is 40 to 50 degrees, and a depth of the inclined hole is 2.2 to 2.6 centimeters.
3. The method for preventing and treating citrus greening disease according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the first step, a portable electric drill with a 12V lithium battery is used for drilling inclined holes, and the diameter of a drill bit is 4 mm.
4. The method for preventing and treating citrus greening disease as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drugs for preventing and treating citrus greening disease in the third step comprise ginger extract, purslane extract, dandelion extract and garlic extract, and the mass ratio of the ginger extract to the purslane extract to the dandelion extract to the garlic extract is 2.5-3.3: 1.8-2.4: 1.2-1.5: 1-1.4.
5. The method for controlling citrus greening disease according to claim 1, wherein the step of mixing the control drug and water in the third step is as follows: pouring the control drug into a container, adding a small amount of water, stirring to a slurry state, adding part of water, stirring, standing for 5-10 min, slowly pouring into another container, stirring again, and repeating for multiple times to obtain the control drug liquid.
6. The method for preventing and treating citrus greening disease as claimed in claim 4, wherein the ginger extract and the purslane extract are obtained by crushing ginger and purslane and adding the crushed ginger and purslane into an ethanol solution with a mass fraction of 70-80% in an amount of 4-6 times the weight of the crushed ginger and purslane, oscillating the ethanol solution with ultrasonic waves for 50-75 minutes, filtering, combining the extracted solutions and drying, the dandelion extract and the garlic extract are obtained by crushing dandelion and garlic into 20-30 meshes and adding water in an amount of 5-7 times the weight of the dandelion and garlic, decocting the dandelion and the garlic 3-4 times at 75-90 ℃ for 80-120 minutes each time, filtering, combining the decocted solutions and drying.
7. The method for preventing and treating citrus greening disease according to claim 5, wherein a stirrer or a soybean milk machine is adopted during stirring.
8. The method for preventing and treating citrus greening disease as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fasteners in the fourth step are screws or tile brads.
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CN112369437A (en) * 2020-10-23 2021-02-19 江西省林业科学院 Method and medicament for treating citrus huanglongbing
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Application publication date: 20201009

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