CN111567569A - Microbial inoculum for curing tomato yellow leaf curl virus and fern leaf virus and application thereof - Google Patents
Microbial inoculum for curing tomato yellow leaf curl virus and fern leaf virus and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111567569A CN111567569A CN202010449370.9A CN202010449370A CN111567569A CN 111567569 A CN111567569 A CN 111567569A CN 202010449370 A CN202010449370 A CN 202010449370A CN 111567569 A CN111567569 A CN 111567569A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
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Abstract
The invention provides a microbial inoculum for curing tomato yellow leaf curl virus and fern leaf virus, which is prepared by the following steps: 1000 kg of plant meal is taken, water is added for soaking, the plant meal is piled into long lines, the natural fermentation is carried out for 48 hours, the temperature in the pile is raised to 70-80 ℃, the pile is turned over once every 24 hours, and the fermentation is carried out for 5-6 days, so that the protein ferment bacteria can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural microorganisms, and particularly relates to a microbial inoculum for curing tomato yellow leaf curl virus and fern leaf virus and application thereof.
Background
The yellowing leaf curl disease is a disease frequently outbreaked in tomato crops, and mainly shows that the growth is slow or stopped, the plant is dwarfed and atrophied, internodes are shortened, leaves are reduced and thickened, the leaf quality is crisp and hard, folds appear and curl upwards, the area from the edge of the leaf to the leaf vein is yellowed, the symptoms of the upper leaves of the plant are typical, and the symptoms of the lower old leaves are not obvious in the early stage of tomato plant infection. After tomato plants are infected with the virus before flowering, the tomato plants show delayed flowering, less fruit setting, less fruits, slow expansion speed, abnormal color change of fruits in the mature period, reduced yield and even no harvest. Due to the fact that the geminivirus genome has fast variation, the virus complex infection is serious, the recombination is frequent, and the bemisia tabaci can permanently transmit the virus, the virus diseases are extremely difficult to control. To date, there is no effective drug in the world against this virus.
In autumn tomato in 2007, yellow leaf curl virus disease is fulminated in the city of longevity, and the infected plant is as high as more than 50%.
2008, tomato varieties with yellowing resistance to leaf curl virus are mainly planted in 2020, in a high-temperature drought environment, the resistance of the anti-virus varieties is lost, viruses still burst, autumn tomato infected plants reach more than 30%, at present, no medicine for curing the infected plants exists at home and abroad, and the tomato plants with serious infection are pulled out from the whole shed in the shed, so that serious economic loss is caused to growers.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art and further optimize the prior art, the invention provides a microbial inoculum for curing tomato yellow leaf curl virus and fern leaf virus and application thereof, so as to realize the invention aims of simple preparation method, convenient use, good curing effect and quick response.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a microbial inoculum for curing tomato yellow leaf curl virus and fern leaf virus is characterized in that the microbial inoculum is prepared by the steps of taking 1000 kg of plant meal, adding water for soaking, piling up the plant meal into long rows, naturally fermenting for 48 hours, raising the temperature in the pile to 70-80 ℃, turning over the pile once every 24 hours, and fermenting for 5-6 days to obtain protein enzyme bacteria;
the plant meal comprises one of soybean meal, peanut meal and cottonseed meal;
the natural fermentation is carried out at the proper temperature of 18-25 ℃ at night and 30-35 ℃ in the daytime, and the fermentation is carried out in a shed, so as to prevent rain, preserve heat and preserve moisture;
the water adding amount is 1000-1250 kg;
the materials are piled into long rows, the width is 2-2.5 meters, and the height is 1-1.2 meters;
the preparation method of the microbial inoculum further comprises the steps of drying in the sun, and processing into 120-mesh powder to obtain the protein ferment bacterium powder;
the application of the microbial inoculum for curing tomato yellow leaf curl virus and fern leaf virus is that the concentration of the microbial inoculum is 30 g-500 g/15 kg of water;
when in use, the microbial inoculum solution is sprayed on the front and back surfaces of the growth point of the infected plant at the proper temperature of 25-30 ℃.
The invention provides a method for curing tomato infectious viruses, which prepares an antipruritic enzyme bacterium, has the function of inhibiting and controlling hypha growth of various moulds and coprinus comatus, and the product fermented by the enzyme bacterium has extremely strong virus killing effect on yellow leaf curl viruses and fern leaf viruses infected by tomato plants, can be completely cured, and does not influence the yield and quality of tomatoes.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the microbial inoculum prepared by the invention has good curative effect and quick response on treating tomato yellow leaf curl virus and fern leaf virus, and the preparation method is simple and convenient to use;
2. after the microbial inoculum prepared by the invention is sprayed, the leaf buds of the infected plants can be unfolded for 24 hours by 0.3 cm, the leaf bud internodes of the infected plants grow for 48 hours by 1.6 cm, the leaf buds are 0.6 cm wide, the effect is fast, and the microbial inoculum has instant effect after being sprayed;
3. by adopting the microbial inoculum prepared by the invention, the cured tomatoes have normal tomatoes, the weight of each spike of tomato is 680-725g, the yield of each mu is increased by 1200-1300 kg, the quality of the cured infected plants is excellent, and the yield of the plants is not reduced.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1A bacterial agent for curing tomato yellow leaf curl virus and fern leaf virus
The preparation method of the microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
taking 1000 kg of soybean meal, adding 1250 kg of water, soaking for 2 hours, stacking into long lines, naturally fermenting for 48 hours, raising the temperature in the stack to 70 ℃, turning the stack once every 24 hours, and fermenting for 5 days to obtain protein enzyme bacteria;
the materials are piled into long rows, the width of each row is 2 meters, and the height of each row is 1 meter;
the natural fermentation is carried out at the night temperature of 20-25 ℃ and the day temperature of 32-35 ℃, and the fermentation is carried out in a shed, so that the rain-proof, heat-preservation and moisture-preservation effects are achieved.
Example 2A bacterial agent for curing tomato yellow leaf curl virus and fern leaf virus
The preparation method of the microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
taking 1000 kg of peanut meal, adding 1100 kg of water, soaking for 2 hours, stacking into long rows, naturally fermenting for 48 hours, raising the temperature in the stack to 75 ℃, turning the stack once every 24 hours, and fermenting for 6 days to obtain protein enzyme bacteria;
the materials are piled into long rows, the width of each row is 2 meters, and the height of each row is 1 meter;
the natural fermentation is carried out at 18-20 ℃ at night and 30-32 ℃ in the daytime, and the fermentation is carried out in a shed, so as to prevent rain, preserve heat and preserve moisture;
dried in the sun and processed into 120-mesh powder to obtain the ferment bacterium powder.
Example 3A bacterial agent for curing tomato yellow leaf curl virus and fern leaf virus
The preparation method of the microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
taking 1000 kg of cottonseed meal, adding 1200 kg of water, soaking for 2 hours, stacking into long lines, naturally fermenting for 48 hours, raising the temperature in the stack to 70 ℃, turning the stack once every 24 hours, and fermenting for 6 days to obtain protein enzyme bacteria;
the materials are piled into long rows, the width of each row is 2.5 meters, and the height of each row is 1.2 meters;
the natural fermentation is carried out at the night temperature of 20-24 ℃ and the day temperature of 32-35 ℃, and the fermentation is carried out in a shed, so as to prevent rain, preserve heat and preserve moisture;
dried in the sun and processed into 120-mesh powder to obtain the ferment bacterium powder.
The using method comprises the following steps:
when in use, the microbial inoculum solution is sprayed on the front and back surfaces of a growth point of a contaminated plant, and after systemic absorption, the virus dies in the plant body; the spraying on the old leaves of the plants has no effect;
when in use, the spraying is carried out at a proper temperature of 25-30 ℃, and the spraying is most beneficial to be absorbed by plants at the temperature;
firstly, performing field experiment on the prepared microbial inoculum for tomato yellow leaf curl virus:
experiment 1:
the experimental conditions are as follows:
the length of the greenhouse is 150 meters, 750 plants are fixed and straight on each ridge, the height of each plant is about 85 centimeters, and 3 spikes of flowers are bloomed on the plants;
no. 4 to No. 7 in 5 months in 2018, high temperature is carried out, the external maximum temperature is 32 ℃ in 3 days, air drying is carried out, 2600 plants are fixedly planted in each mu, the 3 rd ear of a tomato plant planted in a greenhouse is infected with virus, so that normal flowering and pollination cannot be carried out, internode shortening and dwarfing are carried out, the plant grows upwards from the infected part by 5-6 nodes, the plant shrinks in the 5-6 nodes, the leaf length is about 3 cm, the leaf width is about 0.4 cm, the production function is lost, the leaf bud shrinks and becomes yellow, and the infected plant reaches 27%.
Prevention and treatment and fruit bearing:
respectively taking 10 g of the proteinase microbial inoculum prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention, adding 15 kg of water, 30 g of water and 100 g of water, soaking for 10 minutes, and adding into a sprayer for later use;
month 5, No. 9 am 8: spraying 3 preparations with different concentrations at the temperature of 26 ℃ in the shed for 30 minutes, wherein each preparation is sprayed on one ridge;
marking the concentration of 10 g/15 kg of microbial inoculum as ridge A, the concentration of 30 g/15 kg of microbial inoculum as ridge B, and the concentration of 100 g/15 kg of microbial inoculum as ridge C;
8 am, month 5, 15, check that,
the bud and leaf of the infected plant on the ridge A grow 6.3 cm, the leaf width is 2.1 cm, and the plant growth is not ideal;
the bud leaves of the infected plants on ridges B and C are 12.6 cm long and 4.2 cm wide, the internodes of the growing points are pulled out, the leaves are unfolded, and the roots are the same as the normal plants;
therefore, the dosage of the microbial inoculum can reach more than 30 g/15 kg, and the use requirement can be met; confirming that the plants are infected for 1-2 days, after the enzyme bacterium liquid is sprayed, leaf buds of the infected plants can be unfolded for 24 hours by 0.3 cm, leaf bud internodes of the infected plants for 48 hours grow to be 1.6 cm long, leaf buds are 0.6 cm wide, and instant effect is achieved after spraying;
in No. 5/15 am, enzyme bacterium liquid is used for the plants in the B ridges and the C ridges, the mixture is prepared according to the concentration of 30 g of water and 15 kg of water, the mixture is added into a sprayer to be prevented and treated in a full shed for the second time, and the plant growing points are sprayed until water drops appear on the front side and the back side;
no secondary disease of the plants occurs in the shed of No. 5/month and No. 23, and the plants are bloomed by 5 panicles and then growing points are removed;
no. 5-28 at 7 months, the whole plant is mature, the tomatoes are harvested, 3 spikes of the single plant are picked at the same time and weighed, the single spike of the fruit is 725g, 680 g and 710 g, the yield of the single plant is increased by 1.8 kg on average, the yield of each mu is increased by 1263.6 kg, the tomato fruits of the infected plant are recovered to be normal, and the yield of the cured plant is not reduced;
in comparison, the infected plant without the microbial inoculum of the invention has the advantages that the mature fruit only weighs 80-120 g in the harvest period, the fruit loses commodity value and the yield is very low.
Experiment 2:
the experimental conditions are as follows:
the southern Moqiaomi of shouguang city, Shandong province, 8 months earlier when tomatoes are planted in the autumn greenhouse,
at the beginning of 9 months, the temperature of the tomato plant in the initial flowering phase is up to 40 ℃, the climate is dry, the tomato infected plant enters the high-emergence phase, the growth point is shriveled at the initial stage of the infected plant, the yellow flowers are yellow, the internode is shortened, and the leaves are reduced;
no. 9/2 in 2018, the virus contamination of the plant is confirmed, and 2-3 sections of leaf buds shrink;
prevention and treatment and fruit bearing:
taking 30 g of the ferment bacterium powder prepared in the embodiment 2 of the invention, adding 15 kg of water, soaking for 10 minutes, and adding the ferment bacterium powder into a sprayer for later use;
respectively marking infected plants, using an enzyme microbial inoculum, preventing and treating the infected plants in a whole shed, spraying plant growing points, and preferably spraying water drops on the front side and the back side;
9, month 5, preventing and treating the 2 nd time, and rapidly recovering the growth of the infected plants;
no. 9 and No. 7, 2-3 leaf buds grow, 11 percent of plants have a small amount of yellow spots on 1-2 leaves, the plants look normal during prevention, and viruses are latent in growing points of the plants
No. 9 and No. 11, 5-6 leaf buds and leaves grow out from the infected plant respectively, 2-3 leaves are unfolded, yellow spots are formed on 3-4 leaves, the yellow spots are caused by toxin generated by virus, and the growing point grows normally;
no. 10/month and No. 15 plants are normally opened with 6 ear flowers, and the plant height is 1.75 meters;
in contrast, the infected plants, to which the fungicide of the present invention was not applied, were only 0.7 m in height.
Secondly, performing field experiment on the prepared microbial inoculum for the tomato fern leaf virus:
the experimental conditions are as follows:
3, 5 days in 2019, tomato plants planted in a greenhouse are infected with fern leaf viruses, leaf bud leaves shrink into branch strips, the tomato plants in 13 greenhouses are infected with the fern leaf viruses, and the infected plants reach about 16 percent;
prevention and treatment effects are as follows:
taking the ferment fungicide of the invention, adding 30 g of water by 15 kg, soaking for 10 minutes, and adding into a sprayer for later use;
3, 6 afternoon, spraying the front and back sides of the plant growing point on the full-shed plants, and needing to see water drops;
spraying the pesticide again in the morning of No. 3 month and No. 9, preventing and treating for the 2 nd time, and spraying the pesticide for 2 times to facilitate the rapid recovery of the growth of the infected plants;
6-7 leaves grow out of the infected plant by No. 3/month and No. 21, the infected 1-3 leaves grow into branch strips, the upward 4-5 leaves grow normally, and the cure rate reaches 100%;
opening 5-6 panicles of No. 5 tomato plants in 4 months, and removing growing points of the plants;
no. 5 tomato plants are not infected with fern leaf viruses in 13 greenhouses, and the growth vigor of the tomatoes is completely normal.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A microbial inoculum for curing tomato yellow leaf curl virus and fern leaf virus is characterized in that the microbial inoculum is prepared by the steps of taking 1000 kg of plant meal, adding water for soaking, piling up the plant meal into long lines, naturally fermenting for 48 hours, raising the temperature in the pile to 70-80 ℃, turning over the pile once every 24 hours, and fermenting for 5-6 days to obtain the protein enzyme bacteria.
2. The microbial inoculum according to claim 1, wherein the plant meal comprises one of soybean meal, peanut meal and cottonseed meal.
3. The microbial inoculum according to claim 1, wherein the natural fermentation is suitable for 18-25 ℃ at night and 30-35 ℃ in daytime, and the fermentation is carried out in a shed, so as to prevent rain, preserve heat and preserve moisture.
4. The microbial inoculum according to claim 1, wherein the water addition amount is 1000-1250 kg.
5. The microbial inoculum according to claim 1, wherein the piles are in long rows, 2-2.5 m wide and 1-1.2 m high.
6. The microbial inoculum of claim 1, wherein the preparation method further comprises drying in the sun, and processing into 120-mesh powder to obtain the protease enzyme microbial inoculum powder.
7. An application of a microbial inoculum for curing tomato yellow leaf curl virus and fern leaf virus, wherein the concentration of the microbial inoculum is 30 g-500 g/15 kg of water.
8. The application of claim 7, wherein the microbial inoculum solution is sprayed on the front and back surfaces of the growth point of the infected plant at a proper temperature of 25-30 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010449370.9A CN111567569A (en) | 2020-05-25 | 2020-05-25 | Microbial inoculum for curing tomato yellow leaf curl virus and fern leaf virus and application thereof |
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| CN202010449370.9A CN111567569A (en) | 2020-05-25 | 2020-05-25 | Microbial inoculum for curing tomato yellow leaf curl virus and fern leaf virus and application thereof |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102887750A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-01-23 | 青岛嘉禾丰肥业有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by fermenting rapeseed cakes |
| CN107212029A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-29 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Herba Agrimoniae extract is being prepared for removing the application in tomato plant in the medicine of plant virus |
| CN107311798A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-11-03 | 山东恒隆粮油有限公司 | The method and its application of organic fertilizer are prepared using dregs of beans microbial fermentation |
-
2020
- 2020-05-25 CN CN202010449370.9A patent/CN111567569A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102887750A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-01-23 | 青岛嘉禾丰肥业有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by fermenting rapeseed cakes |
| CN107212029A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-29 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Herba Agrimoniae extract is being prepared for removing the application in tomato plant in the medicine of plant virus |
| CN107311798A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-11-03 | 山东恒隆粮油有限公司 | The method and its application of organic fertilizer are prepared using dregs of beans microbial fermentation |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 熊志林 等: "不同发酵饼粕对土壤镉形态及烤烟镉含量的影响", 《中国土壤与肥料》 * |
| 陈裕新 等: "菜粕堆肥发酵腐熟度的植物生理评价研究", 《湖南农业科学》 * |
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Application publication date: 20200825 |