CN111484986B - 一种短链脱氢酶及应用 - Google Patents
一种短链脱氢酶及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111484986B CN111484986B CN202010332838.6A CN202010332838A CN111484986B CN 111484986 B CN111484986 B CN 111484986B CN 202010332838 A CN202010332838 A CN 202010332838A CN 111484986 B CN111484986 B CN 111484986B
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Abstract
本发明属于生物技术领域,公开了一种从枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)中挖掘到的短链脱氢酶基因、短链脱氢酶BsSDR10、工程菌及其作为催化剂在不对称还原前手性羰基化合物以制备光学活性手性醇中的应用。该酶具有立体专一性,反应条件温和,操作简便等优势,在含有手性药物中间体的生产中具有很好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物工程技术领域,具体涉及一种短链脱氢酶及其基因,含有该基因的重组表达载体和重组表达转化体,该重组酶的制备方法,以及该短链脱氢酶作为催化剂在不对称还原前手性羰基化合物以制备光学活性手性醇中的应用。
背景技术
手性醇是许多畅销药物及手性化学品的重要中间体。例如(R)-2-氯-1-苯乙醇(分子式为C8H9ClO,分子量156.61,CAS号:56751-12-3)是合成β3-肾上腺素能受体激动剂米拉贝隆的重要中间体。米拉贝隆作用于膀胱逼尿平滑肌β3肾上腺素受体,使膀胱舒张,促进膀胱充盈并增加储尿量,延长排尿间期,同时抑制膀胱传入神经,主要用于治疗尿频、尿急、排尿困难。(R)-邻氯扁桃酸甲酯(分子式为o-Cl-C6H4CH(OH)COOCH3,分子量为200.62,CAS号:32345-59-8)是合成血小板聚集抑制剂氯吡格雷的重要手性中间体。氯吡格雷是一种二磷酸腺苷(ADP)受体阻滞剂,可与血小板膜表面ADP受体结合,使纤维蛋白原无法与糖蛋白GPⅡb/Ⅲa受体结合,从而抑制血小板凝集,主要用于治疗急性心肌梗死,在国内具有广泛市场。因此,研究上述光学纯手性醇的手性合成制备具有广阔的应用前景。
光学活性手性醇的合成有化学法和生物法两种。与化学方法相比,生物法具有反应条件温和、转化率高、对映体选择性高等多种优点,尤其生物催化的羰基不对称还原反应在手性醇合成中的应用越来越受到重视。
米拉贝隆重要中间体(R)-2-((4-硝基苯乙基)氨基)-1-苯乙醇主要通过化学方法合成。一种以(R)-氧化苯乙烯为原料,该路线4-硝基苯乙胺与(R)-氧化苯乙烯经开环反应生成开环化合物,再经Pd/C催化还原硝基生成(R)-2-((4-硝基苯乙基)氨基)-1-苯乙醇。但是氧化的开环反应收率非常低(20%-30%)(专利WO9920607A1,CN103896872A,US6346532B1)。第二种以(R)-扁桃酸为原料,与4-硝基苯乙胺盐酸盐反应再还原生成(R)-2-((4-硝基苯乙基)氨基)-1-苯乙醇,第二步酰胺还原需要用到昂贵的甲硼烷-四氢呋喃与1,3-二甲基咪唑啉酮(DMI)(EP1440969,EP1559427,WO2015044965A1)。
(R)-邻氯扁桃酸甲酯的生物不对称合成方法主要有羰基还原酶催化的邻氯苯甲酰甲酸酯的不对称还原以及腈水解酶催化的邻氯扁桃腈的不对称水解。马宏敏等用筛选的光滑假丝酵母(Candida glabrata)等菌株,在水/有机相体系中催化邻氯苯甲酰甲酸甲酯收率87%,产物ee值为98%,反应时间长达6h(中国专利,公开号CN102618513A)。张志钧等用粪产碱杆菌(Alcaligenes sp.ECU0401)来源的腈水解酶在水-甲苯两相体系中催化邻氯扁桃腈的动态动力学水解拆分制备(R)-邻氯扁桃酸,底物浓度为200mM,产物的对映体过量值(ee)为90.4%,产量为76.5%(J.Biotechnol.2011,152,24-29)。
因此针对上述的化合物及其类似化合物,寻找一种羰基还原酶能够催化高底物浓度下的高立体选择性不对称还原,不添加或者添加极少量辅酶,经济易得,无疑具有极其重大的意义。
短链脱氢酶(Short-chian dehydrogenase.SDRs)是一类利用NADPH作为氢供体将羰基化合物还原成相应的手性醇的羰基还原酶。家族成员由250-300个氨基酸残基组成,序列相似度仅为15%~35%,并且蛋白质三维结构具有典型的Rossmann折叠结构域。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种短链脱氢酶、工程菌及其应用,该酶具有极高的活力,能够在制备(R)-2-氯-1-苯乙醇和(R)-邻氯扁桃酸甲酯及其类似物的反应中,提高反应速度和ee值,减少副产物,降低生产成本。
本发明提供了一种编码所述的短链脱氢酶的基因,碱基序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。
本发明提供了一种短链脱氢酶,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。
本发明所述的短链脱氢酶(简称BsSDR10),其基因通过PCR克隆枯草芽孢杆菌(AS1.210)(Bacillus subtilis)的基因组序列获得。
本发明提供了一种包含所述的基因的重组载体,具体地,载体为pET-28b-MBP。
本发明提供了一种包含所述的重组载体的工程菌,具体地,宿主细胞为大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)菌株。
本发明提供了一种使用所述短链脱氢酶制成的生物催化剂(包括全细胞、粗酶粉、酶溶液、固定化酶等多种形式)催化前手性羰基化合物不对称还原的方法。
所述的短链脱氢酶和其他已知的羰基还原酶的同源性(即氨基酸序列相似性)见表1。本发明中氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示的短链脱氢酶与已知的羰基还原酶氨基酸序列相似性低于50%,具有显著的差异性。
表1本发明的短链脱氢酶与其他已知的羰基还原酶的同源性
本发明采取的技术方案之一是:一种包含本发明所述的核酸序列的重组表达载体。其可通过本领域常规方法将本发明的所述的短链脱氢酶的基因连接与pET-22b或者pET-28b-MBP表达载体上构建而成,优选质粒pET-28b-MBP。可通过下述方法制得本发明所述的重组表达载体:将通过PCR扩增所得的核酸产物与表达载体pET-28b-MBP分别用限制性内切酶XhoI和BamHI双酶切,形成互补的粘性末端,经过T4连接酶连接,形成含有本发明所述的短链脱氢酶基因的重组表达质粒pET-28b-MBP-BsSDR10。
本发明采取的技术方案之二是:一种包含本发明所述的重组表达载体的重组表达转化体。可通过将本发明的重组表达载体转化至宿主细胞中制得。所述的宿主细胞可为本领域常规的宿主细胞,只要能满足重组表达载体可稳定的自行复制,且携带的本发明所述的短链脱氢酶的基因可被有效表达即可。本发明优选大肠杆菌,更优选大肠杆菌(E.coli)BL21(DE3)。将前述重组表达质粒pET-28b-MBP-BsSDR10转化至大肠埃希氏菌杆菌(E.coli)BL21(DE3)中,即可获得本发明优选的基因工程菌株即大肠杆菌(E.coli)BL21(DE3)/pET-28b-MBP-BsSDR10。转化方法可选择本领域常规方法,如电转法,热击法等,较佳的选择热击法进行转化即可,热击条件较佳的是:42℃,90s。
本发明采取的技术方案之三是:一种包含本发明所述的重组短链脱氢酶的制备方法,其中包括如下步骤:培养本发明所述的重组表达转化体,从培养物中获得重组短链脱氢酶。
其中,所述的重组表达转化体同前述介绍,所述的培养重组表达转化体中所用的培养基可以是本领域常规的任何可使转化体生长并产生本发明的短链脱氢酶的培养基,对于大肠杆菌菌株,优选LB培养基:蛋白胨10g/L,酵母膏5g/L,氯化钠10g/L,PH 7.0。培养方法和培养条件没有特殊限制,可以根据宿主类型和培养方法等因素的不同按照本领域普通知识进行适当的选择,只要能使转化体生长并产生本发明的短链脱氢酶即可。对于大肠杆菌菌株,摇瓶培养发酵产酶较佳的选用下述方法:将本发明涉及的重组大肠杆菌(优选E.coli BL21(DE3)/pET-28b-MBP-BsSDR10)接种至含卡那霉素的LB培养基中培养,当培养液的光密度OD600达到0.5~0.7(更佳地为0.6)时,加入终浓度为0.1~1.0mM(更佳地是0.25mM)的异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷(IPTG)进行诱导,诱导温度15~20℃(更佳地是18℃),即可高效表达本发明所述重组短链脱氢酶。
本发明中催化前手性羰基化合物进行不对称还原反应形成光学活性手性醇的催化剂,可以是上述转化体培养物离心分离后得到的转化体细胞,也可以是细胞破碎后的粗酶液。
本发明采取的技术方案之四是:一种本发明所述的蛋白质在催化前手性羰基化合物进行不对称还原反应形成手性醇中的应用。
上述应用中,所述的不对称还原反应的各条件可按本领域此类反应的常规条件进行选择,优选如下:
所述的蛋白质优选本发明所述的短链脱氢酶。所述的前手性羰基化合物较佳的为α-酮酸酯或者芳基酮类化合物,分别是式1或2所示的化合物:
其中,
R1为C1-C4烷基,苯基或者带有取代基的苯基,苯基的取代基为卤素或者C1-C4烷基;
R2为C1-C4烷基;
R3为卤代C1-C4烷基。
R4为卤素、卤代C1-C4烷基;
较佳地,
R1为苯基或者带有取代的基的苯基,取代基为卤素;
R2为碳链长度为C1-C2的烷基;
R3为卤代C1-C4烷基,所述的卤代烷基的卤素是F或Cl。
R4为氯、卤代C1-C4烷基;
本发明所述的不对称还原反应的各条件可按本领域此类反应的常规条件进行选择,较佳地,所述的应用包括下述步骤:在PH6.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,在葡萄糖,NADP+和葡萄糖脱氢酶的存在下,在如权利要求1所述的酶的催化下,对前手性羰基化合物进行不对称还原反应,形成光学活性手性醇。
较佳的短链脱氢酶用量为10-140g/L(湿菌),葡萄糖脱氢酶的用量为5-20g/L(湿菌),NADP+的用量为0~1mM,葡萄糖的用量为0~5g/L,所述前手性羰基化合物的浓度为10~20mM,反应温度为25~30℃。所述的不对称还原反应较佳地是在振荡或搅拌的条件下进行。所述的不对称还原反应时间较佳地以反应过程中,产物浓度不再持续提高的时间为标准。
在符合本领域常识的基础上,上述各优选条件,可任意组合,即得本发明各较佳实例。
本发明所用试剂和原料均市售可得。
附图说明
以下结合附图说明本发明的特征和有益效果。
图1是基因BsSDR10的PCR扩增电泳图谱,其中,1.基因BsSDR10的PCR扩增产物;2.DNA Marker(DL5000)。
图2是大肠埃希氏杆菌(E.coli)BL21(DE3)/pET-28b-MBP-BsSDR10的菌液PCR扩增电泳图,其中,1.基因BsSDR10的PCR扩增产物;2.DNA Marker(DL5000)。
图3是重组短链脱氢酶BsSDR10的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳。
图4是重组葡萄糖脱氢酶的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳。
图5是重组表达质粒pET-28b-MBP-BsSDR10的构建示意图。
图6是实施例5的对应的液相谱图。
图7是实施例6的对应的液相谱图。
图8是实施例7的对应的液相谱图。
图9是实施例8的对应的液相谱图。
图10是实施例9的对应的液相谱图。
具体实施方式
本发明人通过基因组数据库挖掘的方法分析了一些基因组序列,候选了一批在一些生物信息学上被预测为短链脱氢酶的序列。所述的挖掘方法具体为,以具有良好生物催化性能的、来自Candida parapsilosis的羰基还原酶CpSCR的氨基酸序列作为探针,在NCBI数据库中进行pBLAST搜索,选定一批预定的短链脱氢酶基因序列。然后对这些候选基因分别进行克隆表达,构建重组大肠杆菌转化子。通过测定这些羰基还原酶对底物邻氯苯甲酰甲酸甲酯、苯甲酰甲酸甲酯、2-氯-1-苯乙酮或2,2,2-三氟甲基苯乙酮的活性和立体选择性等,对所克隆表达的酶进行反复比较和筛选,最终获得催化活性最佳的短链脱氢酶BsSDR10,从而完成本发明。
下面用实施例来进一步说明本发明,但本发明并不受期限限制。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件,按照制造厂商所建议的条件。
下列实施例中的材料来源为:
枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)CGMCC 1.3358。
表达质粒pET-28b-MBP购自上海Invitrogen公司。
DNA聚合酶(Taq酶)及限制性内切酶BamHI、XhoI及相关缓冲液均购自TaKaRa公司。
普通琼脂糖凝胶DNA回收试剂盒,普通DNA产物纯化试剂盒,快速质粒小提试剂盒购自北京天根生化科技有限公司。
引物合成及质粒测序均委托南京金思瑞生物科技有限公司完成。
实施例1短链脱氢酶基因的克隆
根据NCBI收录的预测为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)短链脱氢酶的基因的序列(NCBI登录号:WP_013058339)为依据,设计PCR引物如下:
BsSDR10 f:5ˊ-CGGGATCCGATGAAGTACACAGTTATTACAGGA-3ˊ;
BsSDR10 r:5ˊ-CCGCTCGAGCATCTCTAGAATCGGATAGATTTGA-3ˊ。
其中,上游引物下划线部分为BamHI酶切位点,下游引物下划线部分为XhoI酶切位点。
以枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)CGMCC 1.3358的基因组DNA为模板,进行PCR扩增。PCR体系如下:
扩增程序:94℃10min,(94℃30s,50℃30s,72℃60s)35个循环,72℃10min,冷却至4℃。
PCR产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳纯化,利用DNA回收试剂盒回收750bp左右的目标条带(图1)。获得一条完整的枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)CGMCC 1.3358的短链脱氢酶全长基因序列,经DNA测序,全长为747bp,其碱基序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO.1。
实施例2重组表达载体质粒的构建和重组表达转化体的制备
将实施例1中的短链脱氢酶基因DNA片段在37℃用限制性内切酶BamHI、XhoI双酶切12h,产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳纯化,利用DNA回收试剂盒回收目标片段。将目标片段在T4DNA连接酶的作用下,与同样经限制性内切酶BamHI、XhoI双酶切后的质粒pET-28b-MBP,在16℃条件下连接过夜得到重组的表达转化体pET-28b-MBP-BsSDR10。质粒构建图谱如图5所示。
将上述重组的表达载体质粒pET-28b-MBP-BsSDR10转化到大肠埃希氏杆菌(E.coli)BL21感受态细胞中,转化条件42℃,热击90s,在含有卡那霉素的抗性平板上对阳性重组体进行筛选,挑取单一菌落,PCR验证阳性克隆如图2所示。
实施例3短链脱氢酶BsSDR10的表达
将实施例2所得的重组大肠杆菌,接种至含卡那霉素的LB培养基(PH 7.0)中,37℃振荡培养过夜,按1%(v/v)的接种量接入装有100ml LB培养基的250ml三角瓶中,置37℃、180rpm的摇床振荡培养,当培养液的OD600达到0.6时,加入终浓度为0.25mM的IPTG作为诱导剂,20℃诱导12h,将培养液离心,用3ml磷酸盐缓冲溶液重悬(PH 6.0)细胞,转移至EP管中。在冰浴条件下超声破碎,低温(4℃)离心收集上清液,即为重组短链脱氢酶的粗酶液。粗酶液与沉淀一起经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析,如图3所示。
实施例4大肠杆菌葡萄糖脱氢酶的表达
将大肠杆菌(E.coli)BL21(DE3)/pET-22b-GDH,接种至含氨苄青霉素的LB培养基(PH 7.0)中,37℃振荡培养过夜,按1%(v/v)的接种量接入装有100ml LB培养基的250ml三角瓶中,置37℃、180rpm的摇床振荡培养,当培养液的OD600达到0.6时,加入终浓度为0.1mM的IPTG作为诱导剂,37℃诱导12h,将培养液离心,用3ml磷酸盐缓冲溶液重悬(PH 6.0)细胞,转移至EP管中。在冰浴条件下超声破碎,低温(4℃)离心收集上清液,即为重组的葡萄糖脱氢酶的粗酶液。粗酶液与沉淀一起经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析,如图4所示。
实施例5~9重组短链脱氢酶BsSDR10催化羰基化合物的不对称还原
在500μl的反应体系中,先加入实施例3制备的短链脱氢酶BsSDR10 300μl和实施例4制备的葡萄糖脱氢酶100μl,然后加入终浓度为0.3g/L的NADP+和5.4g/L的葡萄糖,最后加入终浓度为15mM酮酸酯或者卤代芳酮(实施例5~9)。在30℃,200rpm条件下振荡反应,反应时间为4h,此时反应产物浓度都不再增加。反应结束后用750μl的乙酸乙酯分两次萃取,合并萃取液,旋蒸干燥后分析底物转化率和产物的ee值。结果见表2所示。
产物转化率与ee值的具体分析如下
实施例5使用液相色谱分析ee值和转化率,手性柱ODH柱,流动相:正己烷/异丙醇=95/5,流速0.8ml/min,检测波长254nm。
实施例6使用液相色谱分析ee值和转化率,手性柱OBH柱,流动相:正己烷/异丙醇=95/5,流速0.8ml/min,检测波长254nm。
实施例7使用液相色谱分析ee值和转化率,手性柱OJH柱,流动相:正己烷/异丙醇=90/10,流速0.8ml/min,检测波长254nm。
实施例8使用液相色谱分析ee值和转化率,手性柱ADH柱,流动相:正己烷/异丙醇=90/10,流速0.8ml/min,检测波长254nm。
实施例9使用液相色谱分析ee值和转化率,手性柱ODH柱,流动相:正己烷/异丙醇=90/10,流速0.8ml/min,检测波长254nm。
表2.BsSDR10催化羰基化合物不对称还原反应结果
应理解,在阅读了本发明的上述内容,本领域技术人员可以对本发明做各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定内容。
序列表
<110> 沈阳药科大学
<120> 一种短链脱氢酶及应用
<130> 2018
<160> 2
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 747
<212> DNA
<213> Bacillus subtilis
<400> 1
atgaagtaca cagttattac aggagcaagc tcaggtatag gatatgaaac tgccctggaa 60
tttgctgctc gtggcaaaaa cttaattatt gtagctagaa gattagataa attagaaggg 120
cttaaatcag ccattcagaa tataaatcct gatttggatg ttattattcg tacaagtgat 180
ttatctgtca gagatcaggt atatacactg tacaacagtt taaaggagta tcaaattgag 240
acgtggatta ataatgctgg gattggtgaa tcctcttctg taacagacca gaatttagat 300
aaggtagaaa ccatgttaca tcttaatata gagtcattga caatcctttc tacactattt 360
gcgcgagact attatcatat agagggaact caattaatta acgtatcttc agcactcgga 420
tatgcaattt atgttggtag tattacttat tctgcatcta aatattttgt tagtgcattc 480
acagaagggc ttgcaaaaga actcgaacag aagggtgcga aaatgaaggt gaagatttta 540
gcaccagcaa tgacaggaac agaattcgcg aaatctgcaa gcgatatgaa agaatttgat 600
tatgaagcaa atgtccctat gtatcacaca gctaagcaaa tggctggttt tatgatggaa 660
ctttataaca acgataaagt cgtaggtatc gtagatgaaa gctacaattt caatttaaga 720
gatcaaatct atccgattct agagatg 747
<210> 2
<211> 249
<212> PRT
<213> Bacillus subtilis
<400> 2
Met Lys Tyr Thr Val Ile Thr Gly Ala Ser Ser Gly Ile Gly Tyr Glu
1 5 10 15
Thr Ala Leu Glu Phe Ala Ala Arg Gly Lys Asn Leu Ile Ile Val Ala
20 25 30
Arg Arg Leu Asp Lys Leu Glu Gly Leu Lys Ser Ala Ile Gln Asn Ile
35 40 45
Asn Pro Asp Leu Asp Val Ile Ile Arg Thr Ser Asp Leu Ser Val Arg
50 55 60
Asp Gln Val Tyr Thr Leu Tyr Asn Ser Leu Lys Glu Tyr Gln Ile Glu
65 70 75 80
Thr Trp Ile Asn Asn Ala Gly Ile Gly Glu Ser Ser Ser Val Thr Asp
85 90 95
Gln Asn Leu Asp Lys Val Glu Thr Met Leu His Leu Asn Ile Glu Ser
100 105 110
Leu Thr Ile Leu Ser Thr Leu Phe Ala Arg Asp Tyr Tyr His Ile Glu
115 120 125
Gly Thr Gln Leu Ile Asn Val Ser Ser Ala Leu Gly Tyr Ala Ile Tyr
130 135 140
Val Gly Ser Ile Thr Tyr Ser Ala Ser Lys Tyr Phe Val Ser Ala Phe
145 150 155 160
Thr Glu Gly Leu Ala Lys Glu Leu Glu Gln Lys Gly Ala Lys Met Lys
165 170 175
Val Lys Ile Leu Ala Pro Ala Met Thr Gly Thr Glu Phe Ala Lys Ser
180 185 190
Ala Ser Asp Met Lys Glu Phe Asp Tyr Glu Ala Asn Val Pro Met Tyr
195 200 205
His Thr Ala Lys Gln Met Ala Gly Phe Met Met Glu Leu Tyr Asn Asn
210 215 220
Asp Lys Val Val Gly Ile Val Asp Glu Ser Tyr Asn Phe Asn Leu Arg
225 230 235 240
Asp Gln Ile Tyr Pro Ile Leu Glu Met
245
Claims (8)
2.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的短链脱氢酶的基因的碱基序列如SEQID NO.1所示。
3.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,还包含权利要求2所述的基因的重组表达载体。
4.如权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的重组表达载体中,所述载体为pET-28b-MBP。
5.如权利要求3或4所述的应用,其特征在于,包含权利3或4所述的重组表达载体的重组表达转化体。
6.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的短链脱氢酶的制备方法为,培养权利要求5所述的重组表达转化体,从培养物中获得重组短链脱氢酶。
7.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述生物催化剂为细胞、粗酶粉、酶溶液、固定化酶的形式。
8.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,催化反应是在辅酶存在下,在pH5~7、温度为25-40℃的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中进行的,其中,所述的辅酶为NADP+。
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Yamashita,A. et al..MULTISPECIES: SDR family NAD(P)-dependent oxidoreductase [Bacillus].《Genbank database》.2020, * |
短链脱氢酶立体选择性调控的关键位点的研究;孙泽文等;《第十二届中国酶工程学术研讨会》;20190831;第93页 * |
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