CN111329078A - Adjustable impact roller pressing type rubber fruit shell breaking machine and using method thereof - Google Patents
Adjustable impact roller pressing type rubber fruit shell breaking machine and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111329078A CN111329078A CN202010217753.3A CN202010217753A CN111329078A CN 111329078 A CN111329078 A CN 111329078A CN 202010217753 A CN202010217753 A CN 202010217753A CN 111329078 A CN111329078 A CN 111329078A
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustable impact roller pressing type rubber fruit shell breaking machine and a using method thereof. The shell breaking machine comprises a feeding device, a crank impact device, a collision plate adjusting device, a double-roller extruding device, a roller spacing adjusting device, a wind screening device, a power transmission device, a motor adjusting device and a rack, wherein the feeding device, the crank impact device, the double-roller extruding device and the wind screening device are fixed on the rack from top to bottom. The invention adopts an impact shell breaking mode with adjustable force and a double-roller extrusion crushing mode with adjustable distance to carry out compound shell breaking on the rubber fruits, the shell breaking rate of the device is high, and the integrity rate of the kernels after shell breaking is high; the shell and kernel separation is realized by blowing air through the air blower, the rubber shell and kernel separation effect is improved, and the purity of kernels is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural and forestry product processing machinery, and particularly relates to an adjustable impact roller pressing type rubber fruit shell breaking machine and a using method thereof.
Background
The rubber fruit is the fruit of a rubber tree, the general appearance of the rubber fruit is in a long spherical shape or an oblate spherical shape, the shell has two layers, the outer layer is thicker, and fibrous tissues are arranged; the inner layer is relatively thin and contains lignin. It is an important by-product in rubber planting industry. A large amount of rubber fruits are produced in the rubber planting industry all year around the world, but due to the shortage of rubber fruit processing machinery at home and abroad at present, most of the rubber fruits are abandoned except that a few of the rubber fruits can be used for breeding and oil extraction through a manual method to be effectively utilized, and the serious waste of resources is caused. Therefore, research on related rubber fruit processing machines is urgent.
The nut shell breaking machine in the prior art generally adopts methods such as impact breaking, extrusion breaking, shearing breaking, grinding, rubbing and breaking, and related nut shell breaking machines such as peanut and walnut breaking machines are mature, but the size of the rubber nut is small, the diameter range is 20-25 mm, the texture is crisp, and compared with other nuts, the nut shell breaking machine in the prior art has great difference, and all nut shell breaking machines in the prior art can not be suitable for breaking the shell of the rubber nut.
Chinese patent CN201510223188.0 and Chinese patent CN 201510223309.1 both disclose a rubber fruit huller, one is broken by single-roller extrusion crushing, and the other is broken by double-roller shearing extrusion crushing, but the two types of hulling machines have simple structures and convenient processing, but the universality of hulling is poor, and because the sizes of the rubber fruits are different, if a rolling crushing machine with single discharge granularity is used, the integral hulling effect is influenced; chinese patent CN201711250668.1 discloses a rubber fruit breaking force testing machine, the shell breaking rate can reach 78.3%, but the processing method is not suitable for batch processing of rubber fruits, and the shell breaking efficiency is low; chinese patent CN201910231177.5 discloses a knocking type rubber fruit huller, which adopts an impact method, and realizes reciprocating impact motion by combining a crankshaft with a lever principle.
With the continuous discovery of the utilization value of the rubber fruits, the rubber fruit shell breaking machine which can efficiently break the shells of the rubber fruits without breaking the kernels of the rubber fruits, can adapt to the rubber fruits with different sizes and can classify and screen the shell and kernel mixtures of the rubber fruits and has high shell breaking rate and separation rate is provided, and the problem to be solved is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an adjustable impact roller pressing type rubber fruit shell breaking machine comprises a crank impact device 21, an impact plate adjusting device 31, a double-roller extrusion device 41 and a roller distance adjusting device 51, and is characterized in that:
the crank striking device 21 comprises a striking bin 22, a striking moving plate 23, a connecting rod 24, a crankshaft 25, a rolling bearing 28, a slant falling plate 27 and a belt pulley II 26,
the impact movable plate 23 reciprocates left and right in the impact bin 22, the impact movable plate 23 is connected with a crankshaft 25 through a connecting rod 24, the crankshaft 25 is fixed on the rear side of the impact bin 22 through a rolling bearing 28, the belt pulley II 26 is fixedly connected with the crankshaft 25, and the belt pulley II 26 is connected with a fixed motor 73 through a belt;
the striking plate adjusting device 31 comprises a striking fixed plate 32, a fixed plate fixing nut 34, a fixed plate adjusting nut 33 and a fixed plate mounting side plate 35,
the impact fixed plate 32 is fixed on the fixed plate mounting side plate 35, and the gap between the impact movable plate 23 and the impact fixed plate 32 is adjusted by a fixed plate adjusting nut 33;
the double-roller extrusion device 41 comprises a roller shell 42, an extrusion roller I43, an extrusion roller II 44, a belt pulley III 45, a belt pulley VI 46 and an extrusion roller adjusting pile 47,
the rolling shell 42 is connected with the inclined falling plate 27, the surface arrays of the squeeze roll I43 and the squeeze roll II 44 are provided with protrusions and depressions, the belt pulley II 26 and the belt pulley VI 46 are respectively connected to the squeeze roll I43 and the squeeze roll II 44, two squeeze roll adjusting piles 47 are arranged at two ends of the squeeze roll II 44, and the lower edge of each squeeze roll adjusting pile 47 is provided with a horizontal sliding chute;
the roller spacing adjusting device 51 comprises a roller spacing adjusting mandril 52, a rack 53, a gear I54, a gear II 55, an adjusting knob 56 and a fixing screw 57,
the roller spacing adjusting ejector rod 52 is fixedly connected with the squeeze roller adjusting pile 47, the squeeze roller adjusting pile 47 is fixed at any position in the horizontal sliding groove, the roller spacing adjusting ejector rod 52 is fixedly connected with the rack 53, the roller spacing adjusting ejector rod 52 and the rack 53 perform reciprocating linear motion, the gear I54 is meshed with the rack 53, and the gear II 55 is meshed with the gear I54.
Further, one end of the impact movable plate 23 extends out from both sides and the middle respectively to be connected with the connecting rod 24, and the other end of the impact movable plate 23 and the right end of the impact fixed plate 32 are symmetrically provided with concave knife edges, and the cross section of each concave knife edge is a semi-ellipse cut along the major axis, so that the cross sections of the impact fixed plate 32 and the impact movable plate 23 are a complete ellipse.
Further, striking fixed plate 32 and striking movable plate 23 are located same horizontal plane and both align each other, have seted up round hole I on the striking fixed plate 32, have seted up semicircle rectangular hole I on the fixed plate installation curb plate 35, fixed plate fixation nut 34 passes I hole of circle and semicircle rectangular hole I and will strike fixed plate 32 and fixed plate installation curb plate 35 fixed connection, and the screw drive through fixed plate adjusting nut 33 drives striking fixed plate 32 and removes about the level and adjust the clearance between striking movable plate 23 and the striking fixed plate 32, the both ends of semicircle rectangular hole I on the fixed plate installation curb plate 35 are the semicircle, and the centre of a circle distance of semicircle is 30mm, and the control range in clearance between striking movable plate 23 and the striking fixed plate 32 is 0 ~ 30 mm.
Furthermore, squeeze roll I43 and squeeze roll II 44 adopt unsmooth staggered structure, and are provided with the cylinder that the diameter differs 50mm on it to the axial distance of the cylinder of two kinds of different diameters is 25mm, through the horizontal migration of squeeze roll II 44 with the distance between the axis of rotation of adjusting squeeze roll I43 and squeeze roll II 44, squeeze roll II 44 is free rotation in squeeze roll adjusting pile 47, the roll distance scope of squeeze roll I43 and squeeze roll II 44 regulation is 0 ~ 25 mm.
Further, the shell breaking machine further comprises a feeding device 11, a wind screening device 61, a motor adjusting device 81 and a frame 91, wherein the feeding device 11, the crank striking device 21, the double-roller extrusion device 41 and the wind screening device 61 are fixed on the frame 91 from top to bottom, the feeding device 11 is vertically fixed on two horizontal beams of the frame 91 through bolts, the crankshaft 25 is fixed on the frame 91 through a rolling bearing 28, the fixed plate mounting side plate 35 is fixed on the frame 91 through screws, and the fixing screws 57 are fixedly arranged between the extrusion roller adjusting piles 47 and the frame 91.
Further, the feeding device 11 is funnel-shaped and 25mm wide, the feeding device 11 is fixed above the impact bin 22 through screws, an outlet of the feeding device 11 corresponds to an inlet of the impact bin 22, both the inlet and the outlet of the feeding device 11 are rectangular, and the length of the rectangular outlet is 500 mm;
further, the wind screening device 61 comprises a discharge port 62, a housing outlet 63, a fan 64 and a pulley iv 65, the discharge port 62 is fixedly connected with the rolling housing 42 through a screw, an inlet of the discharge port 62 is aligned with an outlet at the lower end of the rolling housing 42, the fan 64 is installed at the left side of the discharge port 62 and blows air to the right side, the housing outlet 63 is installed at the right side of the discharge port 62, and the pulley iv 65 is fixedly connected to a vane shaft of the fan 64.
Further, a fixed motor 73 fixed on the frame 91 drives the belt pulley III 45 to rotate anticlockwise, and the belt pulley III 45 drives the extrusion roller I43 to rotate towards the inner side; the movable motor 72 moving horizontally drives the belt pulley VI 46 to rotate clockwise, and the belt pulley VI 46 drives the extrusion roller II 44 to rotate towards the inner sides of the two rollers.
Further, motor adjusting device 81 includes motor II 82, sliding bottom 83, fixation nut 86, fixed stop 84 and adjusting screw 85, motor II 82 is fixed on sliding bottom 83, and sliding bottom 83 places on the flat board of support bottom, and last the opening of sliding bottom 83 has round hole II, and last the opening of support has semicircle rectangular hole II, and sliding connection has fixing bolt in the semicircle rectangular hole II, and round hole II and semicircle rectangular hole II pass through fixing bolt fixed connection, adjusting screw 85 carries out horizontal reciprocating linear motion through fixed stop 84.
The invention also aims to provide a using method of the adjustable impact roller pressing type rubber fruit shell breaking machine, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1): pre-adjusting the shell breaking machine according to the size of the rubber fruit to be processed:
the gap between the impact movable plate 23 and the impact fixed plate 32 is adjusted through the fixed plate adjusting nut 33, so that the impact strength of the rubber piece between the impact movable plate 23 and the impact fixed plate 32 is adjusted: moving the striking fixed plate 32 to a predetermined position in the horizontal direction left and right, and fixing with a fixed plate adjusting nut 33;
the distance between the squeeze roll i 43 and the squeeze roll ii 44 is adjusted by the roll gap adjusting device 51: in the roll spacing adjusting device 51, the gear II 55 and the gear I54 are driven to rotate by rotating the adjusting knob 56, the gear I54 drives the rack 53 to move left and right, the rack 53 drives the roll spacing adjusting ejector rod 52 and the squeeze roll adjusting pile 47 to move left and right, finally, the squeeze roll II 44 installed in the squeeze roll adjusting pile 47 moves left and right, and finally, the position of the squeeze roll II 44 is fixed by the fixing screw 57;
adjusting the position of the motor II 82 according to the fixed position of the squeezing roller II 44: loosening the fixing nut 86, horizontally moving the sliding base 83 to a preset position along the connecting line of the two circle centers of the semicircular strip hole II, and screwing the fixing nut 86 to fasten the position of the motor II 82;
s2): rubber fruits are put into a feeding device 11, the rubber fruits reach the upper side of an impact movable plate 23 in an impact bin 22 along the feeding device 11, then a crank impact device 21 starts to work, a crank 25 drives a connecting rod 24, the connecting rod 24 drives the impact movable plate 23 to move backwards, when the impact movable plate 23 moves to the rearmost side, a row of the rubber fruits fall to the lowermost side of the impact bin 22, then the crank 25 drives the impact movable plate 23 to impact the row of the rubber fruits forwards until the impact movable plate 23 moves to the foremost side, the rubber fruits impact an impact fixed plate 32, the impact movable plate 23 and the impact fixed plate 32 generate impact extrusion crushing, then the impact movable plate 23 moves backwards, the rubber fruits fall into a rolling shell 42 along an inclined falling plate 27, after the rubber fruits are crushed by extrusion of an extrusion roller I43 and an extrusion roller II 44, the rubber fruits enter a wind power screening device 61 through an outlet at the lower end of the rolling shell 42, high-speed air flow generated by a fan blade rotating in a fan 64 blows fruit shell scraps to enter and exit, and the kernels are collected through an outlet at the lower end of the discharge port 62, and finally, the shell and kernel separation and collection of the rubber fruits are realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention adopts an impact shell breaking mode with adjustable force and a double-roller extrusion crushing mode with adjustable distance to carry out compound shell breaking on the rubber fruits, the shell breaking rate of the device is high, and the integrity rate of the kernels after shell breaking is high; according to the principle of physical property difference of rubber fruit shells and kernels, the shell and kernel separation is realized by blowing air through an air blower, the rubber fruit shell and kernel separation effect is improved, and the shell and kernel separation discharge ports are respectively arranged, so that the purity of the kernels is improved, the economic benefits of rubber fruit processing and comprehensive utilization are improved, and the method is suitable for rubber fruit comprehensive utilization enterprises;
2) when the shell is broken by impact, the impact movable plate moves backwards under the action of the connecting rod to enable the rubber nut to enter the bin, then the impact movable plate moves forwards under the action of the connecting rod to impact the rubber nut and push the rubber nut to impact the impact fixed plate, and the impact plate adjusting device can adjust the minimum distance between the impact fixed plate and the impact movable plate, so that the impact force of the impact plate can be adjusted;
3) when the collision breaking is carried out, the concave knife edges of the collision movable plate and the collision fixed plate adopt a symmetrical structure, the length of the long shaft controls only one row of rubber fruits to be collided and broken at one time, and the length of the short shaft protects the integrity of nuts, so that the mechanical collision processing only damages the shells of the rubber fruits and is convenient for subsequent processing;
4) when the double-roller extruding and shell breaking are carried out, the extruding roller I and the extruding roller II rotate relatively, shearing, extruding and shell breaking force can be generated on rubber fruits, meanwhile, the roller distance range which can be adjusted by the two extruding rollers is 0-25 mm, different roller distances can be adjusted for the rubber fruits with different sizes, and higher integrity of nuts can be ensured;
5) the roll spacing adjusting device and the motor adjusting device are required to be matched for use, and because the motor drives the squeeze roll II to rotate through the belt, the squeeze roll II and the motor move in the same direction for the same distance during adjustment, the roll spacing adjusting device can move quantitatively through the extended rack, and the motor adjusting device can move quantitatively through the adjusting screw;
6) the crank impact device, the double-roller extrusion device and the wind power screening device are required to have higher matching performance, after rubber fruits are processed in the first step through the crank impact device, the rubber fruits enter the rolling shell through the inclined falling plate and then are sheared, extruded and crushed, the rubber fruits are separated into kernels and shell scraps, the mixture enters the wind power screening device through an outlet at the lower end of the rolling shell, the shell scraps are discharged from a shell outlet at the right end under the action of wind power, and the kernels are discharged from an outlet at the lower end.
The parts which are not involved in the invention are the same as the prior art or can be realized by the prior art, and the invention has novel design, simple structure and convenient operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an adjustable impact rolling type rubber fruit hull breaking machine according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a crank impact device of the adjustable impact roll-type rubber fruit hull breaking machine according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a striking plate adjusting device of the adjustable striking roller type rubber nut cracking machine of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-roller extruding device of an adjustable impact roller type rubber fruit huller of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a roller spacing adjusting device of the impact-adjustable roller-type rubber fruit hull breaking machine according to the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a wind screening device of an adjustable impact roller type rubber fruit hull breaking machine according to the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor adjusting device of the adjustable impact roller type rubber nut cracker.
The reference numbers in the figures are:
11-feeding device, 21-crank impact device, 31-collision plate adjusting device, 41-double-roller extrusion device, 51-roller distance adjusting device, 61-wind power screening device, 81-motor adjusting device, 91-frame;
22-an impact bin, 23-an impact moving plate, 24-a connecting rod, 25-a crankshaft, 28-a rolling bearing, 27-a slant falling plate and 26-a belt pulley II;
32-impact fixed plate, 34-fixed plate fixing nut, 33-fixed plate adjusting nut and 35-fixed plate mounting side plate;
42-rolling shell, 43-extrusion roll I, 44-extrusion roll II, 45-belt pulley III, 46-belt pulley VI, 47-extrusion roll adjusting pile, 72-movable motor and 73-fixed motor;
52-roller spacing adjusting ejector rod, 53-rack, 54-gear I, 55-gear II, 56-adjusting knob and 57-fixing screw;
62-a discharge port, 63-a shell outlet, 64-a fan and 65-a belt pulley IV;
82-motor II, 83-sliding base, 86-fixing nut, 84-fixing baffle plate and 85-adjusting screw.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention.
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiments and the directional terms described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used in the explanation of the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, an adjustable impact rolling type rubber fruit sheller mainly comprises a crank impact device 21, an impact plate adjusting device 31, a double-roller extrusion device 41 and a roller spacing adjusting device 51. As shown in fig. 2, the crank impact device 21 includes an impact cabin 22, an impact plate 23, a connecting rod 24, a crankshaft 25, a rolling bearing 28, a falling plate 27 and a pulley ii 26, wherein the impact plate 23 reciprocates left and right in the impact cabin 22 with stroke control, the impact plate 23 is connected with the crankshaft 25 through the connecting rod 24, the crankshaft 25 is fixed at the rear side of the impact cabin 22 through the rolling bearing 28, the pulley ii 26 is fixedly connected with the crankshaft 25 through a flat key, the pulley ii 26 is connected with a fixed motor 73 through a belt, and the crankshaft 25 enables the impact plate 23 to reciprocate linearly in the impact cabin 22 through the connecting rod 24, so that rubber fruits can be impacted in a reciprocating and continuous manner; the rear side of the impact movable plate 23 is connected with four connecting rods 24, the four connecting rods 24 are sleeved on a crankshaft 25, the middle part of the crankshaft 25 is in a centrifugal design, two ends of the crankshaft 25 are mounted on a rack 91 through rolling bearings 28, one end of the crankshaft 25 is fixedly connected with a belt pulley II 26, finally, a fixed motor 73 drives the belt pulley II 26 to rotate through a belt, the belt pulley II 26 pulls the connecting rods 24, the connecting rods 24 drive the impact movable plate 23 to realize reciprocating linear motion, and the impact device can only damage shells of rubber fruits and generate cracks during impact, so that more complete rubber fruit kernels can be obtained subsequently;
as shown in fig. 3, the striking plate adjusting device 31 includes a striking fixed plate 32, a fixed plate fixing nut 34, a fixed plate adjusting nut 33 and a fixed plate mounting side plate 35, the striking fixed plate 32 is fixed on the fixed plate mounting side plate 35 through the fixed plate fixing nut 34 and the fixed plate adjusting nut 33, and the gap between the striking movable plate 23 and the striking fixed plate 32 is adjusted through the fixed plate adjusting nut 33, so that the received striking force of the rubber between the striking movable plate 23 and the striking fixed plate 32 can be adjusted;
as shown in fig. 4, the twin-roll extrusion device 41 includes a roll shell 42, an extrusion roll i 43, an extrusion roll ii 44, a pulley iii 45, a pulley vi 46 and an extrusion roll adjusting pile 47, the roll shell 42 and the inclined falling plate 27 are connected by screws, the surface arrays of the extrusion roll i 43 and the extrusion roll ii 44 are provided with protrusions and recesses, the pulley ii 26 and the pulley vi 46 are respectively fixedly connected to the extrusion roll i 43 and the extrusion roll ii 44 by keys, the two extrusion roll adjusting piles 47 are arranged at two ends of the extrusion roll ii 44, the extrusion roll adjusting pile 47 is internally provided with a round hole iii, and the lower side of the extrusion roll adjusting pile 47 is provided with a horizontal sliding groove;
as shown in fig. 5, the roller distance adjusting device 51 comprises a roller distance adjusting ejector rod 52, a rack 53, a gear i 54, a gear ii 55, an adjusting knob 56 and a fixing screw 57, the roller distance adjusting ejector rod 52 is fixedly connected with the squeeze roller adjusting pile 47 by welding, the squeeze roller adjusting pile 47 is fixed to any position in the horizontal chute by the fixing screw 57, the roller distance adjusting ejector rod 52 is fixedly connected with the rack 53 by welding, the roller distance adjusting ejector rod 52 and the rack 53 perform reciprocating linear motion, the gear i 54 is meshed with the rack 53, the gear ii 55 is meshed with the gear i 54, the gear ii 55 is fixedly connected with the adjusting knob 56, the gear ii 55 and the gear i 54 are driven to rotate by manually rotating the adjusting knob 56, so that the rack 53 can move left and right, then the roller distance adjusting ejector rod 52 pushes the squeeze roller ii 44, and then the distance between the squeeze roller i 43 and the squeeze roller ii 44 can be adjusted, thereby being suitable for the rubber fruits with different sizes and obtaining more complete rubber fruit kernels.
Preferably, one end of the impact movable plate 23 extends out from both sides and the middle respectively to be connected with the connecting rod 24, and the other end of the impact movable plate 23 and the right end of the impact fixed plate 32 are symmetrically provided with two concave knife edges, the cross section of each concave knife edge is a semi-ellipse cut along the major axis, the major axis of each concave knife edge is 25mm, and the minor axis of each concave knife edge is 20 mm; the cross section of the impact fixed plate 32 and the impact movable plate 23 is a complete ellipse, so that a row of rubber fruits are impacted at one time, the minor axis of the ellipse is 20mm, and the rubber fruits can be prevented from being damaged greatly when being impacted.
Preferably, the striking fixed plate 32 and the striking movable plate 23 are located on the same horizontal plane and aligned with each other, a round hole i is formed in the striking fixed plate 32, a semicircular long-strip-shaped hole i is formed in the fixed plate mounting side plate 35, the fixed plate fixing nut 34 penetrates through the round hole i and the semicircular long-strip-shaped hole i to fixedly connect the striking fixed plate 32 and the fixed plate mounting side plate 35, the striking fixed plate 32 is driven to horizontally move left and right through screw transmission of the fixed plate adjusting nut 33 to adjust a gap between the striking movable plate 23 and the striking fixed plate 32, two ends of the semicircular long-strip-shaped hole i in the fixed plate mounting side plate 35 are semicircles, the distance between the circle centers of the semicircles is 30mm, the adjusting range of the gap between the striking movable plate 23 and the striking fixed plate 32 is 0-30 mm, and finally the striking force of the striking movable plate 23 and the striking fixed.
Preferably, the squeezing rollers I43 and the squeezing rollers II 44 adopt a concave-convex staggered structure, cylinders with diameters different by 50mm are arranged on the squeezing rollers I43 and II 44, and the axial distance between the two cylinders with different diameters is 25mm, so that the nuts of the rubber fruits can be protected from being damaged to the maximum extent; through the horizontal movement of squeeze roll II 44 with the distance between the axis of rotation of adjusting squeeze roll I43 and squeeze roll II 44, squeeze roll II 44 can freely rotate in squeeze roll adjusting pile 47, the roll distance range that squeeze roll I43 and squeeze roll II 44 can be adjusted is 0 ~ 25 mm.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the adjustable impact roller-pressing type rubber fruit crusher further comprises a feeding device 11, a wind screening device 61, a motor adjusting device 81 and a frame 91, wherein the feeding device 11, a crank impact device 21, a double-roller extrusion device 41 and the wind screening device 61 are fixed on the frame 91 from top to bottom, the feeding device 11 is vertically fixed on two horizontal beams of the frame 91 through bolts, the crankshaft 25 is fixed on the frame 91 through a rolling bearing 28, the fixed plate mounting side plate 35 is fixed on the frame 91 through bolts, and the fixing bolt 57 is fixedly installed between the extrusion roller adjusting pile 47 and the frame 91.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, a fixed motor 73 fixed on the frame 91 drives the belt pulley iii 45 to rotate counterclockwise, and the belt pulley iii 45 drives the squeeze roller i 43 to rotate inward; the movable motor 72 moving horizontally drives the belt pulley VI 46 to rotate clockwise, the belt pulley VI 46 drives the squeezing roller II 44 to rotate towards the inner sides of the two rollers, so that the squeezing roller I43 and the squeezing roller II 44 rotate towards the inner sides simultaneously, and rubber fruits can be cut, squeezed and crushed.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the feeding device 11 is in a funnel shape, the width of the feeding device is 25mm, and the outer diameter of the rubber nuts is 20-25 mm, so that the feeding device 11 can ensure that only one row of rubber nuts can enter the next device from the outlet at one time; the feeding device 11 is fixed above the impact bin 22 through screws, an outlet of the feeding device 11 corresponds to an inlet of the impact bin 22, the inlet and the outlet of the feeding device 11 are rectangular, and the length of the outlet rectangle is 500 mm.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the wind screening device 61 comprises a discharge port 62, a shell outlet 63, a fan 64 and a pulley iv 65, the discharge port 62 is fixedly connected with the rolling shell 42 through a screw, an inlet of the discharge port 62 is aligned with an outlet at the lower end of the rolling shell 42, the fan 64 is installed at the left side of the discharge port 62 and blows air to the right side, the shell outlet 63 is installed at the right side of the discharge port 62, the pulley iv 65 is fixedly connected to a fan blade shaft of the fan 64, husk scraps blown to the right side are collected through the shell outlet 63, and the rest of the nuts can be collected through the outlet at the lower end.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, the motor adjusting device 81 includes a motor ii 82, a sliding base 83, a fixing nut 86, a fixing baffle 84 and an adjusting screw 85, the motor ii 82 is fixed on the sliding base 83, the sliding base 83 is placed on a flat plate at the bottom layer of the support, a round hole ii is formed in the sliding base 83, a semicircular strip hole ii is formed in the support, a fixing bolt is slidably connected to the semicircular strip hole ii, the round hole ii is fixedly connected with the semicircular strip hole ii through the fixing bolt, and the adjusting screw 85 performs horizontal reciprocating linear motion through the fixing baffle 84.
The invention also aims to provide a using method of the adjustable impact roller pressing type rubber fruit shell breaking machine, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1): pre-adjusting the shell breaking machine according to the size of the rubber fruit to be processed:
the gap between the impact movable plate 23 and the impact fixed plate 32 is adjusted through the fixed plate adjusting nut 33, so that the impact strength of the rubber piece between the impact movable plate 23 and the impact fixed plate 32 is adjusted: moving the striking fixed plate 32 to a predetermined position in the horizontal direction left and right, and fixing with a fixed plate adjusting nut 33;
the distance between the squeeze roll i 43 and the squeeze roll ii 44 is adjusted by the roll gap adjusting device 51: in the roll spacing adjusting device 51, the gear II 55 and the gear I54 are driven to rotate by rotating the adjusting knob 56, the gear I54 drives the rack 53 to move left and right, the rack 53 drives the roll spacing adjusting ejector rod 52 and the squeeze roll adjusting pile 47 to move left and right, finally, the squeeze roll II 44 installed in the squeeze roll adjusting pile 47 moves left and right, and finally, the position of the squeeze roll II 44 is fixed by the fixing screw 57;
adjusting the position of the motor II 82 according to the fixed position of the squeezing roller II 44: loosening the fixing nut 86, horizontally moving the sliding base 83 to a preset position along the connecting line of the two circle centers of the semicircular strip hole II, and screwing the fixing nut 86 to fasten the position of the motor II 82;
s2): rubber fruits are put into a feeding device 11, the rubber fruits reach the upper side of an impact movable plate 23 in an impact bin 22 along the feeding device 11, then a crank impact device 21 starts to work, a crank 25 drives a connecting rod 24, the connecting rod 24 drives the impact movable plate 23 to move backwards, when the impact movable plate 23 moves to the rearmost side, a row of the rubber fruits fall to the lowermost side of the impact bin 22, then the crank 25 drives the impact movable plate 23 to impact the row of the rubber fruits forwards until the impact movable plate 23 moves to the foremost side, the rubber fruits impact an impact fixed plate 32, the impact movable plate 23 and the impact fixed plate 32 generate impact extrusion crushing, then the impact movable plate 23 moves backwards, the rubber fruits fall into a rolling shell 42 along an inclined falling plate 27, after the rubber fruits are crushed by extrusion of an extrusion roller I43 and an extrusion roller II 44, the rubber fruits enter a wind power screening device 61 through an outlet at the lower end of the rolling shell 42, high-speed air flow generated by a fan blade rotating in a fan 64 blows fruit shell scraps to enter and exit, and the kernels are collected through an outlet at the lower end of the discharge port 62, and finally, the shell and kernel separation and collection of the rubber fruits are realized.
Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An adjustable impact roller pressing type rubber fruit huller comprises a crank impact device (21), an impact plate adjusting device (31), a double-roller extrusion device (41) and a roller spacing adjusting device (51), and is characterized in that:
the crank impact device (21) comprises an impact bin (22), an impact movable plate (23), a connecting rod (24), a crankshaft (25), a rolling bearing (28), an inclined falling plate (27) and a belt pulley II (26),
the impact movable plate (23) reciprocates left and right in the impact bin (22), the impact movable plate (23) is connected with a crankshaft (25) through a connecting rod (24), the crankshaft (25) is fixed on the rear side of the impact bin (22) through a rolling bearing (28), a belt pulley II (26) is fixedly connected with the crankshaft (25), and the belt pulley II (26) is connected with a fixed motor (73) through a belt;
the striking plate adjusting device (31) comprises a striking fixed plate (32), a fixed plate fixing nut (34), a fixed plate adjusting nut (33) and a fixed plate mounting side plate (35),
the impact fixed plate (32) is fixed on the fixed plate mounting side plate (35), and the gap between the impact movable plate (23) and the impact fixed plate (32) is adjusted through a fixed plate adjusting nut (33);
the double-roller extrusion device (41) comprises a rolling shell (42), an extrusion roller I (43), an extrusion roller II (44), a belt pulley III (45), a belt pulley VI (46) and an extrusion roller adjusting pile (47),
the rolling shell (42) is connected with the inclined falling plate (27), the surface arrays of the squeeze roll I (43) and the squeeze roll II (44) are provided with protrusions and depressions, the belt pulley II (26) and the belt pulley VI (46) are respectively connected to the squeeze roll I (43) and the squeeze roll II (44), two squeeze roll adjusting piles (47) are arranged at two ends of the squeeze roll II (44), and a horizontal sliding groove is arranged below the squeeze roll adjusting pile (47);
the roller spacing adjusting device (51) comprises a roller spacing adjusting ejector rod (52), a rack (53), a gear I (54), a gear II (55), an adjusting knob (56) and a fixing screw (57),
the roller spacing adjusting ejector rod (52) is fixedly connected with the squeeze roller adjusting pile (47), the squeeze roller adjusting pile (47) is fixed to any position in the horizontal sliding groove, the roller spacing adjusting ejector rod (52) is fixedly connected with the rack (53), the roller spacing adjusting ejector rod (52) and the rack (53) perform reciprocating linear motion, the gear I (54) is meshed with the rack (53), and the gear II (55) is meshed with the gear I (54).
2. The rubber fruit crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of the impact movable plate (23) extends from two sides and the middle respectively and is connected with the connecting rod (24), the other end of the impact movable plate (23) and the right end of the impact fixed plate (32) are symmetrically provided with a concave knife edge, the cross section of the concave knife edge is a semi-ellipse cut along the major axis, so that the cross sections of the impact fixed plate (32) and the impact movable plate (23) are a complete ellipse.
3. The rubber fruit cracker according to claim 1, wherein the impact stationary plate (32) and the impact movable plate (23) are positioned on the same horizontal plane and aligned with each other, the impact stationary plate (32) is provided with a circular hole I, the stationary plate mounting side plate (35) is provided with a semicircular long-strip hole I, the fixed plate fixing nut (34) penetrates through the hole I and the semicircular long-strip hole I to fixedly connect the impact fixed plate (32) with the fixed plate mounting side plate (35), the impact fixed plate (32) is driven to horizontally move left and right through the screw transmission of the fixed plate adjusting nut (33) to adjust the gap between the impact movable plate (23) and the impact fixed plate (32), two ends of a semicircular long strip hole I on the fixed plate mounting side plate (35) are semicircles, the distance between the circle centers of the semicircles is 30mm, and the adjusting range of the gap between the impact movable plate (23) and the impact fixed plate (32) is 0-30 mm.
4. The rubber fruit crusher as claimed in claim 1, wherein the squeeze roll I (43) and the squeeze roll II (44) are of a concave-convex staggered structure, cylinders with diameters different by 50mm are arranged on the concave-convex staggered structure, the axial distance between the cylinders with two different diameters is 25mm, the distance between the rotating shafts of the squeeze roll I (43) and the squeeze roll II (44) is adjusted through the horizontal movement of the squeeze roll II (44), the squeeze roll II (44) freely rotates in the squeeze roll adjusting pile (47), and the roll distance adjusted by the squeeze roll I (43) and the squeeze roll II (44) is 0-25 mm.
5. The rubber fruit crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the crusher further comprises a feeding device (11), a wind screening device (61), a motor adjusting device (81) and a frame (91), wherein the feeding device (11), a crank striking device (21), a double-roller extruding device (41) and the wind screening device (61) are fixed on the frame (91) from top to bottom, the feeding device (11) is vertically fixed on two horizontal beams of the frame (91) through bolts, the crankshaft (25) is fixed on the frame (91) through a rolling bearing (28), the fixed plate mounting side plate (35) is fixed on the frame (91) through screws, and the fixing screws (57) are fixedly arranged between the extruding roller adjusting piles (47) and the frame (91).
6. The rubber fruit crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that the feeding device (11) is funnel-shaped and 25mm wide, the feeding device (11) is fixed above the impact bin (22) by screws, and the outlet of the feeding device (11) corresponds to the inlet of the impact bin (22), the inlet and the outlet of the feeding device (11) are rectangular, and the outlet rectangle is 500mm long.
7. The rubber fruit cracking machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the wind screening device (61) comprises a discharge port (62), a shell outlet (63), a fan (64) and a pulley IV (65), the discharge port (62) is connected with the rolling shell (42) through screw fastening, an inlet of the discharge port (62) is aligned with an outlet of the lower end of the rolling shell (42), the fan (64) is installed on the left side of the discharge port (62) and blows air to the right side, the shell outlet (63) is installed on the right side of the discharge port (62), and the pulley IV (65) is fixedly connected to a fan blade shaft of the fan (64).
8. The rubber fruit crusher according to claim 7, characterized in that a fixed motor (73) fixed on the frame (91) drives a belt pulley III (45) to rotate anticlockwise, and the belt pulley III (45) drives the squeeze roller I (43) to rotate inwards; the movable motor (72) moving horizontally drives the belt pulley VI (46) to rotate clockwise, and the belt pulley VI (46) drives the extrusion roller II (44) to rotate towards the inner sides of the two rollers.
9. The rubber fruit hull breaking machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the motor adjusting device (81) comprises a motor II (82), a sliding base (83), a fixing nut (86), a fixing baffle plate (84) and an adjusting screw (85), the motor II (82) is fixed on the sliding base (83), the sliding base (83) is placed on a flat plate at the bottom layer of the support, a round hole II is formed in the sliding base (83), a semicircular strip hole II is formed in the support, a fixing bolt is connected in the semicircular strip hole II in a sliding mode, the round hole II is fixedly connected with the semicircular strip hole II through the fixing bolt, and the adjusting screw (85) performs horizontal reciprocating linear motion through the fixing baffle plate (84).
10. The use method of the adjustable impact rolling type rubber fruit cracking machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1): pre-adjusting the shell breaking machine according to the size of the rubber fruit to be processed:
the gap between the impact movable plate (23) and the impact fixed plate (32) is adjusted through a fixed plate adjusting nut (33), and the impact strength of the rubber fruit between the impact movable plate (23) and the impact fixed plate (32) is adjusted: moving the striking fixed plate (32) to a preset position left and right in the horizontal direction and fixing the striking fixed plate by using a fixed plate adjusting nut (33);
the distance between the squeeze roll I (43) and the squeeze roll II (44) is adjusted by a roll distance adjusting device (51): in the roll spacing adjusting device (51), a gear II (55) and a gear I (54) are driven to rotate by rotating an adjusting knob (56), the gear I (54) drives a rack (53) to move left and right, the rack (53) drives a roll spacing adjusting ejector rod (52) and an extrusion roll adjusting pile (47) to move left and right, finally, the extrusion roll II (44) installed in the extrusion roll adjusting pile (47) moves left and right, and finally, the position of the extrusion roll II (44) is fixed through a fixing screw (57);
adjusting the position of the motor II (82) according to the fixed position of the squeezing roller II (44): loosening the fixing nut (86), horizontally moving the sliding base (83) to a preset position along the connecting line direction of the two circle centers of the semicircular strip hole II, and screwing the fixing nut (86) to fasten the position of the motor II (82);
s2): putting rubber fruits into a feeding device (11), enabling the rubber fruits to reach the upper side of an impact movable plate (23) in an impact bin (22) along the feeding device (11), then starting to work a crank impact device (21), driving a connecting rod (24) by a crank (25), driving the impact movable plate (23) to move backwards by the connecting rod (24), enabling a row of the rubber fruits to fall to the lowest side of the impact bin (22) when the impact movable plate (23) moves to the last side, then driving the impact movable plate (23) to impact the row of the rubber fruits forwards by the crank (25) until the impact movable plate (23) moves to the forefront side, enabling the rubber fruits to impact an impact fixed plate (32), enabling the impacted movable plate (23) and the impact fixed plate (32) to generate impact extrusion crushing, then enabling the impact movable plate (23) to move backwards, enabling the rubber fruits to fall into a roller pressing shell (42) along an inclined falling plate (27), and enabling the rubber fruits to be crushed through an extrusion roller I (43) and an extrusion roller II (44), the rubber fruits enter the wind power screening device (61) through an outlet at the lower end of the rolling shell (42), the shell scraps are blown into a shell opening (63) by high-speed airflow generated by rotating fan blades in a fan (64) and collected, and the kernels are collected through an outlet at the lower end of a discharge opening (62), so that the shell and kernel separation and collection of the rubber fruits are finally realized.
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| CN202010217753.3A CN111329078B (en) | 2020-03-25 | 2020-03-25 | Adjustable impact roller pressing type rubber fruit shell breaking machine and using method thereof |
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