CN108669575B - Cam type extrusion hulling machine for hulling rubber fruits - Google Patents
Cam type extrusion hulling machine for hulling rubber fruits Download PDFInfo
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- CN108669575B CN108669575B CN201810493496.9A CN201810493496A CN108669575B CN 108669575 B CN108669575 B CN 108669575B CN 201810493496 A CN201810493496 A CN 201810493496A CN 108669575 B CN108669575 B CN 108669575B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of forestry product processing machinery, and relates to a cam type extrusion shell-breaking rubber fruit huller. The cam type extrusion shell-breaking rubber fruit huller respectively completes the extrusion shell-breaking process of rubber fruits, the screening process of shells and kernels after the rubber fruits are broken, the air separation chip removal process of the kernels and the kernel collection process through an extrusion shell-breaking device, a screening device, an air separation device and a kernel collection device. The invention utilizes the cam mechanism to drive the circular arc extrusion plate component to do up-and-down reciprocating motion, and the distance between the circular arc extrusion plate and the cylindrical extrusion plate is periodically changed, thereby realizing the extrusion and the shell breaking of the rubber fruits. The kernel and the shell are separated by the screening device and the air separation device after the shell is broken. The invention improves the economic benefits of processing and comprehensive utilization of the rubber fruits and is suitable for rubber fruit comprehensive utilization enterprises of the rubber fruits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forestry product processing machinery, and particularly relates to a cam type extrusion shell-breaking rubber fruit huller.
Background
At present, the research on rubber fruit processing machinery in China is less, and a part of rubber gardens are hulled manually, so that the labor intensity is high, the efficiency is low, and the industrial production is not facilitated; a part of the rubber garden is allowed to fall naturally and rot in the field. The common domestic mechanical shelling methods for other nuts include impact method, extrusion method, shearing method and rolling method. However, other hulling devices are not highly targeted, and thus it is difficult to efficiently hulle rubber fruits having a complicated appearance. The technology and machinery for hulling, classifying and screening the domestic special rubber fruits are blank. Therefore, there is a need for a rubber fruit huller which integrates hulling, screening and kernel separation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a cam type extrusion hulling machine for hulling rubber fruits, which can efficiently hulle the rubber fruits without damaging rubber kernels and can classify and screen rubber fruit shell and kernel mixtures. The cam type rubber fruit huller for extruding and breaking the hulls utilizes the cam mechanism to drive the circular arc extrusion plate component to reciprocate up and down, and the distance between the circular arc extrusion plate and the cylindrical extrusion plate changes periodically, so that the rubber fruits are extruded and broken. The kernel and the shell are separated by the screening device and the air separation device after the shell is broken. A rubber fruit huller adopting cam type extrusion hulling is a rubber fruit huller which meets the hulling requirement of rubber fruits.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the cam type extrusion shell-breaking rubber fruit huller consists of a frame, an extrusion shell-breaking device, a screening device, a winnowing and kernel collecting device and a power and transmission device, wherein the extrusion shell-breaking device is arranged on the upper layer of the frame, the screening device is arranged on the lower layer of the frame, and the winnowing and kernel collecting device is arranged on a bottom plate of the frame;
the rack 1 is a cuboid which is fixedly connected by 4 vertically arranged rack upright posts 101, a horizontally arranged rack top layer 103, a horizontally arranged rack upper layer 104, a horizontally arranged rack lower layer 105 and a rack bottom layer, a rack top plate 102 is horizontally fixed at the upper ends of the 4 rack upright posts 101, a circular feeding hole 107 is arranged in the center of the rack top plate 102, a rack bottom plate 106 is fixed on the rack bottom layer, and a circular hole for placing the collecting barrel 11 is arranged on the rack bottom plate 106;
the extruding and shell breaking device comprises an extruding shell 2, an arc-shaped extruding plate 3, a supporting frame 4, an ejector rod 5, a connecting rod I6 and a cam mechanism 7; the extrusion shell 2 is composed of a cylindrical extrusion plate 201 with a horizontal central axis and 2 circular side plates 202 fixedly connected to two ends of the cylinder respectively, a horn-shaped feed port 203 is fixedly connected with the cylindrical extrusion plate 201 in a feed hole 107 of the top plate 102 of the rack on a circular hole at the top of the cylindrical extrusion plate 201, a rectangular discharge port 204 is fixedly connected with the cylindrical extrusion plate 201 downwards, and the extrusion shell 2 is fixedly connected to the top layer 103 of the rack and the upper layer 104 of the rack; in the support frame 4, a base 401 is fixed on a cross beam of the frame of the upper layer 104 of the frame, a vertical column 402 is vertically and fixedly connected on the base 401, the rear end of a horizontal cantilever 403 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the vertical column 402, the upper end of a vertical suspension column 404 is fixedly connected with the front part of the lower plane of the horizontal cantilever 403, the front end of the horizontal cantilever 403 is provided with a vertical rectangular ejector rod chute 406, the lower part of the vertical column 402 and the lower part of the vertical suspension column 404 are respectively provided with a horizontally arranged camshaft hole 405, the two camshaft holes 405 are coaxial, and the horizontal cantilever 403 and the vertical suspension column 404 extend into the extrusion shell 2 and are arranged in the vertical axial plane of the cylindrical extrusion plate 201; the cam mechanism 7 consists of a cam 701, a belt pulley I702 and a cam shaft 703, the cam shaft 703 is rotatably connected with the support frame 4 in two cam shaft holes 405, the cam 701 is fixedly connected with the front end of the cam shaft 703 and is arranged on the vertical central line of the push rod sliding groove 406, and the belt pulley I702 is fixedly connected with the rear part of the cam shaft 703 and is outside the extrusion shell 2; in the ejector rod 5, the cross section of the rod part is rectangular, the upper end of the ejector rod 5 is provided with two parallel flat plates, a gap between the two flat plates is a connecting rod installation groove 501, pin shaft holes I502 on the two flat plates are coaxial, the lower end surface of the ejector rod 5 is an arc surface, the ejector rod 5 is inserted into an ejector rod sliding groove 406, and the ejector rod 5 is loosely matched with the ejector rod sliding groove 406; the circular arc extrusion plate 3 is of a circular arc surface structure, the width of the circular arc surface is smaller than that of the cylindrical extrusion plate 201, the radius of the circular arc extrusion plate 3 is the same as that of the cylindrical extrusion plate 201, the central angle range of the circular arc extrusion plate 3 is 120-150 degrees, 2 extrusion hinged joints 301 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the circular arc surface on the inner side of the circular arc extrusion plate 3, the upper ends of 2 connecting rods I6 are hinged with the circular arc extrusion plate 3 through pin shafts via pin shaft holes II 601 and extrusion hinged joints 301 respectively, the lower ends of 2 connecting rods I6 are arranged in connecting rod mounting grooves 501 of ejector rods 5, the connecting rods I6 are hinged with the ejector rods 5 through pin shaft holes III 602 and pin shaft holes I502, the circular arc extrusion plate 3, the ejector rods 5 and the connecting rods I6 form a circular arc extrusion plate assembly, the circular arc extrusion plate assembly is arranged in the extrusion shell 2, and the circular arc, the mandril 5 is inserted into the mandril sliding groove 406 from top to bottom, and the lower end of the mandril 5 is propped against the cam 701; when the cam 701 rotates, the circular arc extrusion plate assembly is driven to reciprocate up and down, and the distance between the circular arc extrusion plate 3 and the cylindrical extrusion plate 201 changes periodically; the periodic variation range of the distance between the circular arc-shaped extrusion plate 3 and the cylindrical extrusion plate 201 is 15-22 mm;
the screening device comprises a screening box 8 and a screening box driving mechanism 9, wherein the screening box 8 comprises a screening box 801, a screen mesh 802, a nut collecting tank 803, a nut outlet 804, a nut outlet 805, a box base 806, a pulley 807, a sliding guide rail 808 and a driving connecting rod hinged joint 809, the screening box 801 is a cuboid with an open top, the screen mesh 802 is horizontally and fixedly connected to the upper part of the screening box 801, the cuboid nut outlet 804 is fixedly connected to the right side plate of the screening box 801, the bottom plate of the nut outlet 804 and the screen mesh 802 are on the same horizontal plane, the dustpan-shaped nut collecting tank 803 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the screening box 801, the bottom plate of the nut collecting tank 803 inclines towards the lower right and is shorter than the side plate, a gap of 4-5 cm is formed between the right edge of the bottom plate of the nut collecting tank 803 and the right side plate of the screening box 801, and the nut, 2 box body bases 806 are parallel to each other and are symmetrically and respectively fixedly connected to the front part and the rear part of a bottom plate of a screening box body 801, 3-5 pulleys 807 are horizontally arranged on each box body base 806, a driving connecting rod hinged joint 809 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate of the screening box body 801, 2 sliding guide rails 808 are parallel to each other and are symmetrically and respectively fixedly connected to a lower layer 105 of a rack, and the screening box body 801 is arranged on the 2 sliding guide rails 808 through the pulleys 807 to form sliding connection between a screening box 8 and the rack 1;
the screen 802 is a stainless steel wire mesh grid, and the screen holes are square holes with the size of 18mm multiplied by 18 mm;
the screening box driving mechanism 9 consists of a crank 901, a belt pulley II 902, a driving shaft 903 and a connecting rod II 904, the driving shaft 903 and a camshaft 703 are parallel to each other, after the screening box 8 is arranged, the driving shaft 903 is in rotary connection with the rack 1 through a bearing seat and a bearing on the lower layer 105 of the rack, the crank 901 is fixedly connected to the front end of the driving shaft 903, two ends of the connecting rod II 904 are respectively hinged to the crank 901 and a driving connecting rod hinged joint 809, the belt pulley II 902 is fixedly connected to the rear part of the driving shaft 903 and is in the same vertical plane with the belt pulley I702, and when the driving shaft 903 rotates, the screening box 8 is driven to translate left and right on the rack 1 through the crank 901;
the air separation and kernel collection device is divided into an air blower 10 and a collection barrel 11, the air blower 10 is arranged on the bottom plate 106 of the machine frame, the air outlet is horizontally arranged, the air outlet direction is intersected with the falling direction of the rubber kernel from the kernel outlet 805 of the screening box 8, and the collection barrel 11 is arranged below the kernel outlet 805 of the screening box 8 and is arranged in a round hole on the bottom plate 106 of the machine frame; when the rubber fruit kernels and shell scraps thereof fall from the kernel outlet 805 of the falling screening box 8, the air outlet of the air blower 10 blows the shell scraps away, and the kernels fall in the collecting barrel 11, so that the functions of air separation and collection are realized;
in the power and transmission device, a motor 12 is arranged on a bottom plate 106 of a rack, a motor belt wheel 13, a belt wheel I702 and a belt I14 form a first belt transmission mechanism, and the belt wheel I702, the belt wheel II 902 and the belt II 15 form a second belt transmission mechanism; the power output by the motor 12 drives the extruding and shell breaking device through the first belt transmission mechanism to extrude and break the shells of the rubber fruits, and simultaneously drives the screening device through the second belt transmission mechanism to screen out large pieces of shells and send the mixture of the nuts and the shell scraps to the winnowing and collecting device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention utilizes the cam mechanism to drive the circular arc extrusion plate component to do up-and-down reciprocating motion, and the distance between the circular arc extrusion plate and the cylindrical extrusion plate is periodically changed, thereby realizing the extrusion and the shell breaking of the rubber fruits. A screening device and a wind selecting device are added after the shell is broken, so that the separation rate of the kernels and the shells is improved. The invention can replace manual shelling work of the rubber fruits and is suitable for enterprises for comprehensively utilizing the rubber fruits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of a cam type extrusion hulling machine for hulling rubber fruits;
FIG. 1A is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 in the direction A;
FIG. 2 is a view of the frame structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the crushing device;
FIG. 4 is a view of the extrusion housing construction;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a circular arc extrusion plate assembly;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the supporting frame;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the lift pin;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a connecting rod I;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a cam mechanism;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of components of the screening apparatus;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a screen box and screen configuration;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a drive mechanism for the screen box;
fig. 13 is a schematic view of the power and its transmission.
In the figure, 1 is a rack, 2 is an extrusion shell, 3 is an arc extrusion plate, 4 is a support frame, 5 is an ejector rod, 6 is a connecting rod I, 7 is a cam mechanism, 8 is a screening box, 9 is a screening box driving mechanism, 10 is a blower, 11 is a collecting barrel, 12 is a motor, 13 is a motor belt wheel, 14 is a belt I, 15 is a belt II, 101 is a rack upright post, 102 is a rack top plate, 103 is a rack top layer, 104 is a rack upper layer, 105 is a rack lower layer, 106 is a rack bottom plate, 107 is a feeding hole, 201 is a cylindrical extrusion plate, 202 is a circular side plate, 203-feed inlet, 204-discharge outlet, 301-extrusion hinged joint, 401-base, 402-column, 403-horizontal cantilever, 404-vertical cantilever, 405-camshaft hole, 406-ejector rod chute, 501-connecting rod installation groove, 502-pin shaft hole I, 601-pin shaft hole II, 602-pin shaft hole III, 701-cam, 702-belt wheel I, 703-camshaft, 801-screening box body, 802-screen, 803-nut collection groove, 804-nut outlet, 805-nut outlet, 806-box body base, 807-pulley, 808-sliding guide rail, 809-driving connecting rod hinged joint, 901-crank, 902-pulley ii, 903-drive shaft, 904-connecting rod ii.
Detailed Description
The specific structure and operation of the invention are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of a cam type squeezing husking machine for breaking husks of rubber fruits, and fig. 1A is a schematic view of the structure in the direction of a in fig. 1. The cam type extrusion shell-breaking rubber fruit huller is composed of a machine frame, an extrusion shell-breaking device, a screening device, a winnowing and kernel collecting device and a power and transmission device, wherein the extrusion shell-breaking device is arranged on the upper layer of the machine frame, the screening device is arranged on the lower layer of the machine frame, and the winnowing and kernel collecting device is arranged on a bottom plate of the machine frame.
As shown in the frame structure diagram of fig. 2, the frame 1 is a cuboid formed by fixedly connecting 4 vertically arranged frame columns 101 with a horizontally arranged frame top layer 103, a frame upper layer 104, a frame lower layer 105 and a frame bottom layer, a frame top plate 102 is horizontally fixed at the upper ends of the 4 frame columns 101, a circular feeding hole 107 is arranged at the center of the frame top plate 102, a frame bottom plate 106 is fixed on the frame bottom layer, and a circular hole for placing the collecting barrel 11 is arranged on the frame bottom plate 106.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a local part of an extrusion crushing device, and the extrusion crushing device comprises an extrusion shell 2, a circular arc-shaped extrusion plate 3, a support frame 4, an ejector rod 5, a connecting rod I6 and a cam mechanism 7.
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of an extrusion casing, the extrusion casing 2 is composed of a cylindrical extrusion plate 201 with a horizontal central axis and 2 circular ring-shaped side plates 202 respectively fixedly connected to two ends of the cylinder, a horn-shaped feed port 203 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical extrusion plate 201 in a feed port 107 of a top plate 102 of a frame on a circular hole at the top of the cylindrical extrusion plate 201, a rectangular discharge port 204 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical extrusion plate 201 downward on a long hole at the bottom of the cylindrical extrusion plate 201, and the extrusion casing 2 is fixedly connected to a top layer 103 of the frame and an upper layer 104 of the frame.
Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a support frame, in the support frame 4, as shown in fig. 1, a base 401 is fixed on a cross beam of a frame of an upper layer 104 of a rack, a column 402 is vertically and fixedly connected to the base 401, a rear end of a horizontal cantilever 403 is fixedly connected to an upper end of the column 402, an upper end of a vertical suspension column 404 is fixedly connected to a front portion of a lower plane of the horizontal cantilever 403, a vertical rectangular push rod chute 406 is arranged at a front end of the horizontal cantilever 403, a horizontally arranged cam shaft hole 405 is respectively arranged at a lower portion of the column 402 and a lower portion of the vertical suspension column 404, the two cam shaft holes 405 are coaxial, and the horizontal cantilever 403 and the vertical suspension column 404 extend into an extrusion housing 2 and are arranged in a vertical axial plane of a cylindrical extrusion plate.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the cam mechanism, the cam mechanism 7 is composed of a cam 701, a pulley i 702 and a cam shaft 703, the cam shaft 703 is rotatably connected with the support frame 4 in two cam shaft holes 405, the cam 701 is fixedly connected to the front end of the cam shaft 703 and is arranged on the vertical central line of the push rod sliding groove 406, and the pulley i 702 is fixedly connected to the rear part of the cam shaft 703 and is outside the extrusion housing 2.
As shown in fig. 7, in the ejector rod 5, the cross section of the rod portion is rectangular, the upper end of the ejector rod 5 is provided with two parallel flat plates, a gap between the two flat plates is provided with a connecting rod mounting groove 501, pin shaft holes i 502 on the two flat plates are coaxial with each other, the lower end surface of the ejector rod 5 is an arc surface, the ejector rod 5 is inserted into the ejector rod sliding groove 406, and the ejector rod 5 and the ejector rod sliding groove 406 are loosely fitted.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an arc-shaped extrusion plate assembly, wherein an arc-shaped extrusion plate 3 is of an arc-shaped surface structure, the width of the arc surface is smaller than that of a cylindrical extrusion plate 201, the radius of the arc-shaped extrusion plate 3 is the same as that of the cylindrical extrusion plate 201, the central angle of the arc-shaped extrusion plate 3 ranges from 120 degrees to 150 degrees, the upper ends of 2 connecting rods I6 are respectively hinged with the arc-shaped extrusion plate 3 through a pin shaft hole II 601 and an extrusion hinged joint 301 by a pin shaft, the lower ends of the 2 connecting rods I6 are arranged in a connecting rod mounting groove 501 of a top rod 5, the connecting rods I6 are hinged with the top rod 5 through a pin shaft hole III 602 and a pin shaft hole I502 by a pin shaft, the arc-shaped extrusion plate 3, the top rod 5 and the connecting rods I6 form the arc-shaped extrusion plate assembly, the arc-shaped extrusion plate assembly is, the lower end of the push rod 5 is pressed against the cam 701. When the cam 701 rotates, the circular arc extrusion plate assembly is driven to reciprocate up and down, and the distance between the circular arc extrusion plate 3 and the cylindrical extrusion plate 201 changes periodically. The periodic variation range of the distance between the circular arc-shaped extrusion plate 3 and the cylindrical extrusion plate 201 is 15 mm-22 mm.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the component structure of the screening apparatus including the screening casing 8 and the screening casing driving mechanism 9. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a screening box and a screen, the screening box 8 is composed of a screening box 801, a screen 802, a nut collecting tank 803, a nut outlet 804, a nut outlet 805, a box base 806, a pulley 807, a sliding guide rail 808 and a driving link hinged joint 809, the screening box 801 is a cuboid with an open top, the screen 802 is horizontally and fixedly connected to the upper part of the screening box 801, the nut outlet 804 of the cuboid is fixedly connected to the right side plate of the screening box 801, the bottom plate of the nut outlet 804 and the screen 802 are on the same horizontal plane, the dustpan-shaped nut collecting tank 803 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the screening box 801, the bottom plate of the nut collecting tank 803 is inclined towards the lower right and shorter than the side plate, a gap of 4-5 cm is formed between the right edge of the bottom plate of the nut 803 and the right side plate of the screening box 801, the nut outlet 805 of the cuboid is fixedly connected to the right part of the bottom plate of the screening box 801, 3-5 pulleys 807 are horizontally arranged on each box body base 806, a driving connecting rod hinged joint 809 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate of the screening box body 801, 2 sliding guide rails 808 are parallel to each other and are symmetrically and respectively fixedly connected to the lower layer 105 of the rack, and the screening box body 801 is arranged on the 2 sliding guide rails 808 through the pulleys 807 to form the sliding connection between the screening box 8 and the rack 1. The screen 802 is a stainless steel wire mesh grid, and the screen holes are square holes of 18mm × 18 mm. The outer diameter of the shell of the rubberfruit is about 19-20 mm, the relatively complete shell after shell breaking can not leak from the sieve mesh holes with the size of 18mm multiplied by 18mm, the shell is discharged from the discharge hole through the vibration of the box body, and the nutlet and a small amount of shell scraps broken with the size of less than 18mm of the rubberfruit fall through the sieve mesh holes.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a screening box driving mechanism, the screening box driving mechanism 9 is composed of a crank 901, a pulley ii 902, a driving shaft 903 and a connecting rod ii 904, the driving shaft 903 and a cam shaft 703 are parallel to each other, after the screening box 8, the driving shaft 903 is rotatably connected with the frame 1 through a bearing seat and a bearing on the lower layer 105 of the frame, the crank 901 is fixedly connected to the front end of the driving shaft 903, two ends of the connecting rod ii 904 are respectively hinged to the crank 901 and a driving connecting rod hinged joint 809, the pulley ii 902 is fixedly connected to the rear part of the driving shaft 903 and is in the same vertical plane with the pulley i 702, and when the driving shaft 903 rotates, the screening box 8 is driven to translate left and right on the frame 1 through the.
The air separation and kernel collection device is divided into two parts, namely an air blower 10 and a collection barrel 11, as shown in figure 1 and figure 1A, the air blower 10 is arranged on the bottom plate 106 of the machine frame, the air outlet is horizontally arranged, the air outlet direction is intersected with the falling direction of the rubber kernel from the kernel outlet 805 of the screening box 8, and the collection barrel 11 is arranged below the kernel outlet 805 of the screening box 8 and is arranged in a round hole on the bottom plate 106 of the machine frame. When the rubber fruit kernels and the shell scraps thereof fall from the kernel outlet 805 of the falling screening box 8, the air outlet of the air blower 10 blows away the shell scraps, and the kernels fall in the collecting barrel 11, so that the functions of air separation and collection are realized.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a power and transmission device, in which a motor 12 is disposed on a bottom plate 106 of a frame, a motor belt wheel 13, a belt wheel i 702 and a belt i 14 form a first belt transmission mechanism, and a belt wheel i 702, a belt wheel ii 902 and a belt ii 15 form a second belt transmission mechanism. The power output by the motor 12 drives the extruding and shell breaking device through the first belt transmission mechanism to extrude and break the shells of the rubber fruits, and simultaneously drives the screening device through the second belt transmission mechanism to screen out large pieces of shells and send the mixture of the nuts and the shell scraps to the winnowing and collecting device.
The working process of the cam type extrusion hulling machine for hulling the rubber fruits comprises the following steps:
1) starting a motor 12 and an air blower 10, driving an extrusion shell breaking device and a screening device to work simultaneously by the motor 12, enabling an arc-shaped extrusion plate assembly in the extrusion shell breaking device to move up and down, vibrating a screening box 8 of the screening device left and right, and simultaneously carrying out air separation work of the air blower 10;
2) the rubber fruits are fed into the feeding hole 203, the rubber fruits are extruded between the arc-shaped extrusion plate 3 and the cylindrical extrusion plate 201 in the extrusion device to break shells, the kernels are separated from the broken shells, and the mixture of the kernels and the broken shells falls into the screening box body 801 from the discharge hole 204 of the extrusion shell body 2, so that the extrusion and shell breaking process of the rubber fruits is completed;
3) the screening box 8 is driven by the screening box driving mechanism 9 to vibrate left and right, the kernels and shell debris fall into a kernel collecting groove 803 in the screening box body 801 through the screen 802 and slide down to a kernel outlet 805, and large shell pieces are discharged out of the machine from the screen 802 through a shell outlet 804 on the right side, so that the screening process of the shells and the kernels after the rubber fruits are broken is completed;
4) when the rubber fruit kernels and shell scraps thereof fall from the kernel outlet 805 of the screening box 8, the air outlet of the air blower 10 blows the shell scraps out of the machine, and the kernels fall in the collecting barrel 11, so that the processes of winnowing, chipping removal and kernel collection of the kernels are completed.
The invention can replace manual shelling work of the rubber fruits and is suitable for enterprises for comprehensively utilizing the rubber fruits.
Claims (3)
1. A cam-type extrusion hulling machine for hulling rubber fruits is characterized in that the cam-type extrusion hulling machine for hulling rubber fruits comprises a rack, an extrusion hulling device, a screening device, a winnowing and kernel collecting device and a power and transmission device, wherein the extrusion hulling device is arranged on the upper layer of the rack, the screening device is arranged on the lower layer of the rack, and the winnowing and kernel collecting device is arranged on a bottom plate of the rack;
the machine frame (1) is a cuboid formed by fixedly connecting 4 vertically arranged machine frame upright posts (101), a horizontally arranged machine frame top layer (103), a machine frame upper layer (104), a machine frame lower layer (105) and a machine frame bottom layer, a machine frame top plate (102) is horizontally fixed at the upper ends of the 4 machine frame upright posts (101), a circular feeding hole (107) is formed in the center of the machine frame top plate (102), a machine frame bottom plate (106) is fixed on the machine frame bottom layer, and a round hole for placing a collecting barrel (11) is formed in the machine frame bottom plate (106);
the extruding and shell breaking device comprises an extruding shell (2), an arc-shaped extruding plate (3), a supporting frame (4), an ejector rod (5), a connecting rod I (6) and a cam mechanism (7); the extrusion shell (2) is composed of a cylindrical extrusion plate (201) with a horizontal central axis and 2 circular side plates (202) fixedly connected to two ends of the cylinder respectively, a horn-shaped feed inlet (203) on a round hole at the top of the cylindrical extrusion plate (201) is fixedly connected with the cylindrical extrusion plate (201) in a feed hole (107) of a rack top plate (102), a long hole at the bottom of the cylindrical extrusion plate (201) and a cuboid discharge outlet (204) are fixedly connected with the cylindrical extrusion plate (201) downwards, and the extrusion shell (2) is fixedly connected to a rack top layer (103) and a rack upper layer (104); in the support frame (4), a base (401) is fixed on a cross beam of a frame of an upper layer (104) of a rack, an upright post (402) is vertically and fixedly connected to the base (401), the rear end of a horizontal cantilever (403) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the upright post (402), the upper end of a vertical suspension column (404) is fixedly connected with the front part of the lower plane of the horizontal cantilever (403), the front end of the horizontal cantilever (403) is provided with a vertical rectangular ejector rod chute (406), the lower parts of the upright post (402) and the vertical suspension column (404) are respectively provided with a horizontally arranged camshaft hole (405), the two camshaft holes (405) are coaxial, and the horizontal cantilever (403) and the vertical suspension column (404) extend into an extrusion shell (2) and are arranged in the vertical axial plane of a cylindrical extrusion plate (201); the cam mechanism (7) consists of a cam (701), a belt pulley I (702) and a cam shaft (703), the cam shaft (703) is rotatably connected with the support frame (4) in two cam shaft holes (405), the cam (701) is fixedly connected to the front end of the cam shaft (703) and is arranged on the vertical central line of the push rod sliding groove (406), and the belt pulley I (702) is fixedly connected to the rear part of the cam shaft (703) and is outside the extrusion shell (2); in the ejector rod (5), the cross section of the rod part is rectangular, the upper end of the ejector rod (5) is provided with two parallel flat plates, a gap between the two flat plates is provided with a connecting rod installation groove (501), pin shaft holes I (502) on the two flat plates are coaxial, the lower end surface of the ejector rod (5) is an arc surface, the ejector rod (5) is inserted into an ejector rod sliding groove (406), and the ejector rod (5) is loosely matched with the ejector rod sliding groove (406); the circular arc extrusion plate (3) is of a circular arc surface structure, the width of the circular arc surface is smaller than that of the cylindrical extrusion plate (201), the radius of the circular arc extrusion plate (3) is the same as that of the cylindrical extrusion plate (201), the range of the central angle of the circular arc extrusion plate (3) is 120-150 degrees, 2 extrusion hinged joints (301) are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the circular arc surface on the inner side of the circular arc extrusion plate (3), the upper ends of 2 connecting rods I (6) are hinged with the circular arc extrusion plate (3) through pin shafts II (601) and extrusion hinged joints (301) respectively, the lower ends of 2 connecting rods I (6) are arranged in connecting rod mounting grooves (501) of ejector rods (5), the connecting rods I (6) are hinged with the ejector rods (5) through pin shaft holes III (602) and I (502), and the circular arc extrusion plate assembly consisting of the circular arc extrusion plate (3), the ejector rods (5) and the connecting rods I (6) is extruded, the circular arc extrusion plate assembly is arranged in the extrusion shell (2), the circular arc extrusion plate (3) is arranged on the circular arc extrusion plate assembly, the ejector rod (5) is inserted into the ejector rod sliding groove (406) from top to bottom, and the lower end of the ejector rod (5) is abutted to the cam (701); when the cam (701) rotates, the circular arc extrusion plate assembly is driven to reciprocate up and down, and the distance between the circular arc extrusion plate (3) and the cylindrical extrusion plate (201) changes periodically;
the screening device comprises a screening box (8) and a screening box driving mechanism (9), wherein the screening box (8) consists of a screening box body (801), a screen (802), a nut collecting tank (803), a nut outlet (804), a nut outlet (805), a box body base (806), a pulley (807), a sliding guide rail (808) and a driving connecting rod hinged joint (809), the screening box body (801) is a cuboid with an open top, the screen (802) is horizontally and fixedly connected to the upper part of the screening box body (801), the cuboid nut outlet (804) is fixedly connected to the right side plate of the screening box body (801), the bottom plate of the nut outlet (804) and the screen (802) are on the same horizontal plane, the dustpan-shaped nut collecting tank (803) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the screening box body (801), the bottom plate of the nut collecting tank (803) inclines towards the right lower side and is shorter than the side plate, and a gap of 4-5 cm is formed between the right edge of the bottom plate of the nut collecting tank (803, a cuboid nut outlet (805) is fixedly connected to the right part of a bottom plate of the screening box body (801), 2 box body bases (806) are parallel to each other and are symmetrically connected to the front part and the rear part of the bottom plate of the screening box body (801) respectively, 3-5 pulleys (807) are horizontally arranged on each box body base (806), a driving connecting rod hinged joint (809) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate of the screening box body (801), 2 sliding guide rails (808) are parallel to each other and are symmetrically connected to the lower layer (105) of the rack respectively, and the screening box body (801) is arranged on the 2 sliding guide rails (808) through the pulleys (807) to form sliding connection between the screening box body (8) and the rack (1);
the screening box driving mechanism (9) is composed of a crank (901), a belt pulley II (902), a driving shaft (903) and a connecting rod II (904), the driving shaft (903) and a cam shaft (703) are parallel to each other, after the screening box (8) is arranged, the driving shaft (903) is in rotary connection with the frame (1) through a bearing seat and a bearing on the lower layer (105) of the frame, the crank (901) is fixedly connected to the front end of the driving shaft (903), two ends of the connecting rod II (904) are respectively hinged to the crank (901) and a driving connecting rod hinged joint (809), the belt pulley II (902) is fixedly connected to the rear part of the driving shaft (903) and is in the same vertical plane with the belt pulley I (702), and when the driving shaft (903) rotates, the screening box (8) is driven to horizontally move on the frame (1) through the crank (901) and the connecting rod II;
the winnowing and kernel collecting device is divided into an air blower (10) and a collecting barrel (11), the air blower (10) is arranged on a bottom plate (106) of the rack, an air outlet is horizontally arranged, the air direction of the outlet is intersected with the falling direction of rubber kernel coming out from a kernel outlet (805) of the screening box (8), and the collecting barrel (11) is arranged below the kernel outlet (805) of the screening box (8) and is arranged in a round hole on the bottom plate (106) of the rack;
in the power and transmission device, a motor (12) is arranged on a base plate (106) of a rack, a motor belt wheel (13), a belt wheel I (702) and a belt I (14) form a first belt transmission mechanism, and a belt wheel I (702), a belt wheel II (902) and a belt II (15) form a second belt transmission mechanism.
2. The cam-type extrusion hulling machine for rubber fruits as claimed in claim 1, wherein the interval between the circular arc-shaped extrusion plate (3) and the cylindrical extrusion plate (201) has a periodic variation range of 15mm to 22 mm.
3. The cam-type extrusion hulling machine for rubber fruits as claimed in claim 1, wherein the screen mesh (802) is a stainless steel wire mesh grid with 18mm x 18mm square holes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810493496.9A CN108669575B (en) | 2018-05-22 | 2018-05-22 | Cam type extrusion hulling machine for hulling rubber fruits |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810493496.9A CN108669575B (en) | 2018-05-22 | 2018-05-22 | Cam type extrusion hulling machine for hulling rubber fruits |
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| CN108669575B true CN108669575B (en) | 2020-11-06 |
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| CN201810493496.9A Expired - Fee Related CN108669575B (en) | 2018-05-22 | 2018-05-22 | Cam type extrusion hulling machine for hulling rubber fruits |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109998128B (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2022-06-24 | 丽水市鼎瓯机械科技有限公司 | Chinese torreya pulp removing device |
| CN110140975B (en) * | 2019-06-23 | 2024-02-13 | 南京林业大学 | Self-adaptive extrusion and cracking mechanism of gingko fresh fruit sheller |
| CN114950963B (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2023-05-02 | 海南大学 | Integrated rubber fruit shell breaking separator |
| CN117225864B (en) * | 2023-10-12 | 2024-03-01 | 江苏锦明再生资源有限公司 | Solid waste reducing mechanism |
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| KR200440388Y1 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2008-06-10 | 서광국 | walnut peeler |
| CN201640392U (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2010-11-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Pecan shell-breaking sorting machine |
| CN202941381U (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-05-22 | 连云港江河机械制造有限责任公司 | Multipurpose shelling machine |
| CN104799398A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-07-29 | 海南大学 | Two-roller shear type rubber fruit huller |
| CN104872792A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-02 | 海南大学 | Rolling sheller of rubber fruits |
| CN107307436A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-11-03 | 佛山迅拓奥科技有限公司 | A kind of rubber fruit is peeled off packing device |
| CN108036905A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-15 | 海南大学 | Rubber fruit crushes force tester |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR200440388Y1 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2008-06-10 | 서광국 | walnut peeler |
| CN201640392U (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2010-11-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Pecan shell-breaking sorting machine |
| CN202941381U (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-05-22 | 连云港江河机械制造有限责任公司 | Multipurpose shelling machine |
| CN104799398A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-07-29 | 海南大学 | Two-roller shear type rubber fruit huller |
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