CN215270468U

CN215270468U - Screening decorticator

Info

Publication number: CN215270468U
Application number: CN202121042372.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马延强; 齐元胜; 罗学科
Original assignee: Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication
Current assignee: Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication
Priority date: 2021-05-17
Filing date: 2021-05-17
Publication date: 2021-12-24
Anticipated expiration: 2031-05-17

Abstract

The utility model discloses a screening decorticator for screening the processing of shelling to the fruit of taking the green husk, it includes: a frame; a bin and a driving device which are arranged on one side of the rack and are used for temporarily storing the fruits with the green husks; the grading device is arranged on the rack and connected with the driving device and is used for grading the fruits with green husks output by the bin; the extruding device is arranged on the rack and connected with the driving device and is positioned below the grading device and used for extruding the fruits with green husks subjected to grading treatment to break the green husks; and the separating device is arranged on the rack and connected with the driving device and is positioned below the extruding device and used for peeling the broken fruits in the green husks. The utility model discloses a screening decorticator need not to add water at the process of shelling, can not cause the pollution to the fruit that has the green husk, and hierarchical and the efficiency of shelling are high, and the shelling is thorough, and the fruit percentage of damage is low, and structural configuration is more reasonable.

Description

Screening decorticator

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a screening decorticator technical field especially relates to a screening decorticator that is used for the screening and the shelling of fruit when still being in not clear away the peel state to walnut, pecan and hawaii fruit etc..

Background

The dry fruit refers to the fruit whose pericarp is dry after ripening, and is divided into cracked fruit and closed fruit, most of which contain abundant protein, vitamin, lipid, etc. The fruits still have peel when not reaching the dry state, the inner kernels can be obtained after removing the peel, and the fruits become dry fruits after drying, such as walnut, pecan, macadamia nut and the like, and are popular among people.

However, the prior art techniques of classifying, screening, peeling, etc. the fruits with peels are often inefficient and some of them require labor. For example, classification, screening and husking of green-husk walnuts.

The walnut with green peel is a stone fruit with green peel, which is planted by a walnut tree, picked off after the fruit is ripe, the stone fruit is spherical, the outer peel is smooth, the mesocarp is fleshy, and the inner peel is hard, and the stone is peeled to obtain an inner stone which is a walnut and becomes a dry walnut after being dried.

At present, the green walnut grading equipment in the prior art utilizes a screen to grade, so that the problems of low grading efficiency, inaccurate grading and the like are caused. Moreover, after the green walnuts are sorted, the green walnuts need to be shelled, and the existing green walnut sorting and shelling machine can only realize shelling by adding water into the green walnuts, but after the water is added in the shelling process, the green walnuts can be polluted, and the environment can also be polluted. Meanwhile, due to the limitation of the structure of the existing equipment, during the walnut shelling treatment, the feeding is carried out in a manual auxiliary mode, and the walnuts are pushed to advance in the feeding mode, so that part of the walnuts with green husks attached to the green husks can be removed during the walnut shelling treatment, the shelling is not thorough, the operation still needs manual intervention, the production process is increased, and meanwhile, the production cost is also increased.

The green walnut processing technology and equipment severely restrict the walnut planting scale and become a prominent problem limiting the further development of the Chinese walnut industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at solving the above problem, provide a screening decorticator, need not to add water at the process of shelling, can not cause the pollution to the fruit that has the green husk, hierarchical and the efficiency of shelling are high, and the shelling is thorough, and the fruit percentage of damage is low, and structural configuration is more reasonable.

In order to realize the above object of the present invention, the utility model provides a screening decorticator for screening the fruit of taking the green husk and decorticating, it includes: a frame; a bin and a driving device which are arranged on one side of the rack and are used for temporarily storing the fruits with the green husks; the grading device is arranged on the rack and connected with the driving device and is used for grading the fruits with green husks output by the bin; the extruding device is arranged on the rack and connected with the driving device and is positioned below the grading device and used for extruding the fruits with green husks subjected to grading treatment to break the green husks; and the separating device is arranged on the rack and connected with the driving device and is positioned below the extruding device and used for peeling the broken fruits in the green husks.

The grading device is provided with a plurality of belts for screening the sizes of the green tangerine peel fruits, and extension lines of two adjacent belts are intersected.

Wherein, the bottom of workbin is equipped with a plurality of exports.

Preferably, one end of each belt is located below the material box, and a plurality of outlets formed in the bottom of the material box are respectively located above the middle of the gap between two adjacent belts in the belts.

The squeezing device comprises a first squeezing assembly and a second squeezing assembly, wherein the first squeezing assembly and the second squeezing assembly are arranged in parallel and used for squeezing fruits with green husks in a first size and a fruit with green husks in a second size larger than the first size.

Preferably, the first pressing assembly comprises a pair of first rollers arranged in opposite directions of rotation and in parallel, the second pressing assembly comprises a pair of second rollers arranged in opposite directions of rotation and in parallel, and the distance between the shafts of the pair of first rollers is smaller than that between the shafts of the pair of second rollers.

The separating device comprises a first separating assembly and a second separating assembly, wherein the first separating assembly is used for peeling the broken fruits in the green husks processed by the first extruding assembly, and the second separating assembly is used for peeling the broken fruits in the green husks processed by the second extruding assembly.

Preferably, the first separating assembly comprises a first screen drum which can rotate relative to the frame, the second separating assembly comprises a second screen drum which can rotate relative to the frame, and an included angle which is larger than 0 degrees is formed between the axes of the first screen drum and the second screen drum and the horizontal plane.

And the device further comprises a hopper-shaped first-stage collecting bin which is positioned below the grading device and above the extruding device, and a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the collecting bin.

Furthermore, the device also comprises a hopper-shaped secondary collection bin which is positioned below the extruding device and above the separating device, and a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the secondary collection bin.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a screening decorticator has following advantage:

1. the utility model discloses a screening decorticator grades according to size of a dimension to the green seedcase fruit through grading plant, has realized utilizing simple mechanical structure just can realize the grading to the green seedcase fruit, and hierarchical precision is high, efficient.

2. The utility model discloses a screening decorticator realizes taking the twice function of shelling of green seedcase fruit through extrusion device and separator, gets rid of the fruit green seedcase in proper order, ensures that the shelling is thorough, and efficiency is higher, avoids needing to carry out subsequent further processing to the fruit.

3. The utility model discloses a screening decorticator, rational in infrastructure need not to increase follow-up manual processing procedure when improving production efficiency, reduces holistic manufacturing cost.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first perspective of the screen decorticator of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the screening decorticator of the present invention from a second perspective;

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the screening and husking machine of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the separating device of the screening and husking machine of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a crushing structure of the separating device of the screening and husking machine of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the extruding device of the screening and husking machine of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the positions of adjacent belt assemblies in the classifying device of the screening and husking machine of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a transmission schematic diagram of the screening and husking machine of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1. screening a small walnut; 2. a frame; 3. a primary collection bin; 4. a motor; 5. a speed reducer; 6. a temporary storage bin; 7. a belt; 8. a vertical baffle; 9. a belt pulley; 9a, a belt pulley; 9b, a belt pulley; 10. a driven shaft; 11. a side plate; 11a, a support plate; 12. sieving big walnut; 13. a small walnut roller; 13a, a gear; 13b, a gear; 13c, a belt pulley; 14. a separation plate; 15. a large walnut roller; 15a, a gear; 15b, a gear; 15c, a belt pulley; 16. a drive shaft; 17. a secondary collection bin; 18. a horizontal baffle; 19. peeling the rod; 20. a brush head; 21. a connecting rod; 22. fixing a shaft; 23. small walnuts; 24. big walnut.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-3, for the structural schematic diagram of the screening and husking machine provided by the present invention, the screening and husking machine is used for screening and husking the green pericarp fruits, as can be seen from fig. 1-3, it includes: a frame 2; a bin 6 and a driving device which are arranged on one side of the frame 2 and are used for temporarily storing the fruits with green husks; the grading device is arranged on the rack 2 and connected with the driving device and is used for grading the fruits with green husks output by the bin 6; the extruding device is arranged on the frame 2 and connected with the driving device and is positioned below the grading device and used for extruding the fruits with green husks subjected to grading treatment to break the green husks; and the separating device is arranged on the frame 2 and connected with the driving device and is positioned below the extruding device and used for peeling the broken fruits in the green husks. The driving device comprises a motor 4 and a speed reducer 5 and provides required power for the grading device, the extruding device and the separating device.

Wherein, the grading device of the utility model is provided with a plurality of belts (8 belts in figure 1, the number and length of the belts can be determined according to actual requirements) for screening the sizes of the green peel fruits, the belts extend on the frame along the horizontal direction, namely the belts extend along the length direction of the frame, and the belts are arranged in sequence along the width direction of the frame, the extension lines of every two adjacent belts 7 can intersect at one point (as shown in figure 7), namely, the grading device is a device with a staggered belt pulley 9 and a belt 7, namely, the distance between two belt pulleys 9a at one end of two adjacent belts and two belt pulleys 9b at the other end are different, thereby the distance between two ends of the two adjacent belts is different, thus, along the length extension direction of two adjacent belts, along with the operation of two belts 7, the fruits with different sizes can be screened out due to different gaps between the belts, i.e. the smaller size fruit is near one side of the belt 7 near the bin and the larger size fruit is near the other side of the belt 7. The bottom of the bin 6 is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, the upper part of the bin is provided with an opening so as to facilitate feeding, a plurality of outlets are arranged at the bottom of the bin 6, one ends of a plurality of belts 7 are positioned below the bin 6, and the corresponding outlets arranged at the bottom of the bin 6 are aligned above the middle of two adjacent belts in the plurality of belts, so that fruits falling out of the outlets can just enter the gap between the two belts, and are transported to the other side far away from the bin from one side close to the bin along with the operation of the belts.

In order to prevent the fruits from falling from the front side and the rear side of the rack in the conveying process, vertical baffles 8 extending along the vertical direction are respectively fixedly installed on the front side and the rear side of the rack (namely the outer sides of two belts which are farthest away in a plurality of belts).

Wherein, the fruit behind the grading plant screening size can get into extrusion device, the utility model discloses an extrusion device is including arranging side by side be used for extrudeing the first size and take the first extrusion subassembly of green tangerine orange peel fruit and be used for the second extrusion subassembly that the extrusion size is greater than first size and takes the green tangerine orange peel fruit. The first squeezing assembly comprises a pair of first rollers which are arranged in opposite rotating directions and are arranged in parallel, the second squeezing assembly comprises a pair of second rollers which are arranged in opposite rotating directions and are arranged in parallel, the distance between the shafts of the pair of first rollers is smaller than that of the pair of second rollers, so that the pair of first rollers can squeeze small-sized fruits, and the pair of second rollers can squeeze large-sized fruits. When the roller is arranged, the axial directions of the first roller and the second roller are the same as the length extending direction of the rack, and the end parts of the first roller and the second roller are opposite and are supported by a vertical rack body (such as a middle side plate) in the middle of the rack.

In order to make the selected Chinese olive with different size can be fed between the gap of a pair of first rollers and the gap of a pair of second rollers of the extruding device, a hopper-shaped first-stage collecting bin is arranged below the classifying device and above the extruding device, the bottom of the collecting bin is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port is opposite to the gap between the pair of first rollers and the gap between the pair of second rollers.

The broken fruits extruded by the extruding device enter the separating device to be peeled by the separating device. The utility model discloses a separator including parallel arrangement be used for carrying out the first separator assembly that the processing was shelled to the fruit after the green tangerine orange peel that first extrusion subassembly was handled breaks and be used for carrying out the second separator assembly that the processing was shelled to the fruit after the green tangerine peel that the second extrusion subassembly was handled breaks.

The first separating assembly comprises a first screen drum which can rotate relative to the frame and a first crushing structure which is positioned in the first screen drum and used for crushing fruits rotating along with the rotation of the first screen drum, the second separating assembly comprises a second screen drum which can rotate relative to the frame and a second crushing structure which is positioned in the second screen drum and used for crushing fruits rotating along with the rotation of the second screen drum, and included angles larger than 0 degree are formed between the axes of the first screen drum and the second screen drum and the horizontal plane respectively, so that the fruits entering the screen drum can move axially along the screen drum and are output through an outlet of the screen drum.

The utility model discloses a first, second sieve section of thick bamboo all adopt cylindric screen cloth structure, and the periphery of a sieve section of thick bamboo is enclosed by a plurality of grating to make the green tangerine orange peel of being peeled off can follow the gap between the grating and fall out, and the export output of a sieve section of thick bamboo can be followed to the no skin fruit after the shelling treatment. When in design, the extending direction of the screen cylinder is consistent with the extending direction of the roller corresponding to the upper part, and the outlets of the two screen cylinders are arranged at the left side and the right side of the frame.

The first crushing structure and the second crushing structure have basically the same structure, and as shown in fig. 5, both include a dead axle 22 which is consistent with the extending direction of the corresponding screen drum and is located in the screen drum, one end of the dead axle is fixed on the frame 2, and a plurality of groups of peeling rods 19 and a plurality of groups of connecting rods 21 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the dead axle 22. Each group of peeling rods 19 comprises transverse rods with the extending direction parallel to the extending direction of the fixed shaft 22, longitudinal rods perpendicular to the different surfaces of the transverse rods and connecting rods with two ends respectively and vertically connected with the transverse rods and the longitudinal rods, and the transverse rods and the longitudinal rods are in the shape of a spindle with thick middle and thin two ends. Each group of connecting rods 21 also comprises a transverse rod with the extending direction parallel to the extending direction of the fixed shaft 22, a longitudinal rod vertical to the different surface of the transverse rod and a connecting rod with two ends respectively and vertically connected with the transverse rod and the longitudinal rod, different from the husking rod, the transverse rod and the longitudinal rod of each connecting rod are respectively provided with a plurality of brush heads 20 vertical to the corresponding rod, and the plurality of brush heads 20 are sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the corresponding rods. The fixed shaft 22, the peeling rod 19, the connecting rod 21 and the brush head 20 are respectively arranged in a mutual crossing way at 90 degrees in space, so that the final peeling effect on the broken fruits can be achieved.

And in order to make the fruit of extrusion device output can enter into the sieve section of thick bamboo that corresponds separation assembly, the utility model discloses still be provided with the second grade collection storehouse that is hopper shape below extrusion device, separator top to be equipped with the discharge gate bottom the second grade collection storehouse. The second-stage collection bin can adopt two collection bins which are respectively positioned above the corresponding separation components, and the discharge port of each collection bin is arranged above one end (one end is far away from the outlet of the screen drum) of the corresponding separation component; also can adopt a collection storehouse, set up two discharge gates respectively in the middle part in collecting the storehouse, two discharge gates should be independent, and every discharge gate is located the top of keeping away from sieve section of thick bamboo export one end that corresponds separation assembly. During design, the size of the discharge port is determined according to needs, but the size of the discharge port is larger than the size of the largest fruit which can be output by the roller of the corresponding extrusion device.

During design, two ends of each screen drum are rotatably arranged on the side plates of the frame 2 through bearings. Preferably, a support plate 11a is mounted on the side surface of the middle side plate of the frame, one end of the screen drum is rotatably mounted on the support plate 11a through a bearing, and the other end of the screen drum is rotatably mounted on the side plate 11 of the frame, which is located on the outer side, through a bearing. The supporting plate 11a is an arc-shaped plate with an upper opening, the opening faces a corresponding discharge hole at the bottom of the secondary collection bin, the supporting plate 11a extends outwards for a certain length along the length direction of the rack relative to the side plate, so that a certain gap is formed between one end of the screen drum and the side plate where the supporting plate 11a is installed, and the gap and the upper opening of the supporting plate 11a are enclosed to form an inlet for fruits to fall into the screen drum. Furthermore, the other end of the screen drum can extend out of a part of the side plate 11, so that the open end of the screen drum is far away from the rack, and the peeled fruits can be output conveniently. One end of the screen cylinder connected to the support plate 11a is higher than the other end connected to the side plate 11, i.e., the inlet end is higher than the other end of the outlet.

In addition, separator is still including installing a pair of horizontal baffle 18 with two sieve section of thick bamboo axial parallels in middle curb plate both sides, and every horizontal baffle 18 stretches into corresponding sieve section of thick bamboo, highly being located between arc top and the sieve section of thick bamboo center pin on middle curb plate, and then the fruit that falls out from the discharge gate of second grade collection bin can enter into sieve section of thick bamboo inside under horizontal baffle 18 shelters from the effect.

Wherein, the utility model discloses screening decorticator can handle the fruit of taking the green tangerine orange peel such as walnut, pecan and hawaii fruit, below, only take to handle the walnut as an example, right the utility model discloses screening decorticator's structure carries out detailed description.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the screening and husking machine of the present embodiment has a frame 2, the frame 2 includes two outer side plates extending in a vertical direction, a horizontal plate fixedly connected to the two outer side plates, respectively, and a side plate fixedly connected to the bottom center of the horizontal plate (i.e., a side plate for mounting the support plate 11 a) for enhancing stability, the horizontal plate is lower than the two outer side plates, and the bottom of the two side plates is flush. All devices are supported by the frame 2. Of course, the frame 2 may be provided with a support seat or a support plate for facilitating assembly of other members, as required, in addition to the above-mentioned members.

The utility model discloses a fruit sorting machine, including frame 2, workbin 6, a plurality of export on the bottom plate, so that the fruit that gets into the workbin can be from export roll-off automatically under the effect of gravity, this export sets up on the bottom plate except that, also can set up on the curb plate that is used for being connected with the bottom plate of workbin, and this curb plate is the curb plate that is more nearly in the frame opposite side, the workbin 6 sets up along the width direction of frame 2 one side (as the left side in figure 1) of top, and workbin 6 inclines towards the opposite side that does not set up the workbin from top to bottom of frame, especially the bottom plate of workbin 6 inclines towards the one side of frame of keeping away from the workbin downwards, and set up a plurality of exports on the bottom plate, so that the fruit that gets into the workbin can be from export roll-off automatically under the effect of gravity.

The driving device is fixedly arranged on the frame 2, is positioned at the same side of the material box 6, is also arranged along the width direction of the frame 2 (as shown in figure 1, positioned in front of the material box), comprises a motor 4 and a speed reducer 5 connected with an output shaft of the motor, and provides power for other devices through the driving device.

The outlet of the lower part of the material box 6 is provided with a grading device with a staggered belt, and the grading device comprises two groups of supporting seats fixedly connected to the tops of two external side plates of the rack 2, wherein each group of supporting seats are respectively positioned on the front side and the rear side of the rack (namely the front side and the rear side of the side plates) along the width direction of the rack. A set of supporting seat rotates the both ends that support the driving shaft 16 with the 5 output shaft of reduction gear, and another group of supporting seat rotates and supports driven shaft 10, at driving shaft 16, respectively fixed mounting multiunit belt pulley 9 on the driven shaft 10, promptly, install a plurality of belt pulleys 9a on the driving shaft 16, install a plurality of belt pulleys 9b on the driven shaft 10, and driving shaft, a plurality of belt pulleys on the driven shaft are connected through a plurality of belts 7 transmission one by one respectively to belt 7 passes through frictional force with corresponding belt pulley and guarantees synchronous operation. An included angle is formed between every two adjacent belts 7 (i.e. the extension lines of the two adjacent belts intersect as shown in fig. 7), that is, the gap between the two adjacent belts increases linearly from left to right along the length extension direction of the belts 7.

The separating plate 14 fixedly mounted on the first-stage collecting bin 3 is arranged below the gap in the extending direction of the belt 7 for a certain time (for example, 35 mm), the separating plate extends along the width direction of the rack, and the inlet of the first-stage collecting bin is separated into two parts through the separating plate, namely, the falling place of the green husk walnuts conveyed by the belt is divided into two parts, so that the classification of the green husk walnuts with different sizes according to the size is realized. And the outer sides of two belts at the outermost side of the grading device are respectively provided with a vertical baffle 8 which is fixedly connected with the frame 2.

A primary collecting bin 3 with an inverted trapezoidal section is arranged under the grading device and is fixedly connected to the rack 2, and the symmetric center is superposed with the length symmetric center of the rack 2. An opening is arranged below the first-stage collecting bin 3, so that the green husk walnuts entering the first-stage collecting bin can pass through the opening of the first-stage collecting bin 3 under the action of self gravity and fall down.

An extrusion device is arranged right below the opening of the first-level collection bin 3 and comprises two pairs of extrusion components with different center distances, namely, as shown in fig. 6, the extrusion device comprises a pair of small walnut rollers 13 and a pair of large walnut rollers 15 with lower surface roughness, the distance between the pair of small walnut rollers 13 is smaller than that between the pair of large walnut rollers 15, the two pairs of rollers are respectively arranged on two sides of a side plate of the installation supporting plate 11a, each pair of rollers are arranged in parallel along the width direction of the rack, and each roller is rotatably installed on the corresponding side plate of the rack 2 through a revolute pair. The two rollers are separated by a separating plate 14.

A secondary collecting bin 17 with an inverted trapezoidal cross section is installed under the extrusion device, and is fixedly installed on the frame 2, and the bottom of the secondary collecting bin forms a certain included angle with the horizontal plane, namely, the bottom of the secondary collecting bin inclines downwards towards the side plate direction provided with the supporting plate 11 a. The length symmetry center coincidence of storehouse 17 symmetry center and frame 2 is collected to the second grade, collects the tip below that storehouse 17 is close to the curb plate that is used for erection bracing board 11a of frame 2 at the second grade and has seted up the quad slit, and this quad slit is as the discharge gate, guarantees that the green husk walnut that breaks after the extrusion can utilize self gravity to pass through the quad slit whereabouts of storehouse 17 is collected to the second grade smoothly.

The storehouse 17 quad slit below is collected at the second grade is equipped with separator, including two sieve section of thick bamboo as shown in fig. 4, fixed mounting has two horizontal baffle 18 on the curb plate in the middle of being located of frame 2, every horizontal baffle 18 stretches into the inside that corresponds a sieve section of thick bamboo, a terminal surface top and the middle curb plate that is used for inserting horizontal baffle at a sieve section of thick bamboo have the clearance, the arc backup pad 11a that rotates the support sieve section of thick bamboo seals up the clearance between a sieve section of thick bamboo terminal surface below and middle curb plate, guarantee to collect the walnut of the green husk that storehouse 17 quad slit fell down from the second grade and can all get into among separator's the corresponding sieve section of thick bamboo under horizontal baffle and arc backup pad's effect.

A fixed shaft 22 is arranged under the horizontal baffle 18, one end of the fixed shaft 22 is fixedly arranged on the middle side plate of the frame 2, is arranged on the central shaft of the screen cylinder and extends along the length direction of the screen cylinder. The peeling rod 19 and the connecting rod 21 with the brush head 20 are fixedly mounted on the fixed shaft 22, the peeling rod 19, the connecting rod 21 and the brush head 20 are arranged in a mutually crossed mode at 90 degrees in space, when extruded green husk walnuts turn over along with a screen drum in a rotating screen drum, the extruded green husk walnuts can touch the peeling rod 19, the connecting rod 21 and the brush head 20, the components collide with the walnuts, and the green husk on the surface of the walnuts is separated from the walnuts by using collision force and friction force, so that the effect of finally peeling the green husk is achieved.

The utility model discloses a big walnut screen cloth, little walnut screen cloth, big walnut roller, little walnut roller, drive belt, driving shaft all rotate under drive arrangement's drive, and drive arrangement can adopt the structure shown in FIG. 8 when giving above-mentioned component with power transmission.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, the output shaft of the motor 4 is connected to the speed reducer 5, the output shaft of the speed reducer 5 is connected to the driving

shaft

16, 8 belt pulleys 9a are mounted on the driving shaft 16, and the 8 belt pulleys 9a are respectively in transmission connection with 8 belt pulleys 9b on the driven shaft 10 through 8 belts 7, so that the driven shaft is driven to rotate when the driving shaft rotates.

The driving shaft transmits power to a first roller of a pair of small walnut rollers positioned below the driving shaft through the belt transmission mechanism, and the small walnut rollers transmit power to a second roller of the pair of small walnut rollers through the gear transmission mechanism (namely, the

gears

13a and 13b), so that the pair of small walnut rollers can rotate relatively, and the small walnuts are subjected to primary shelling treatment during rotation. And the rotating shaft of the second small walnut roller is also provided with a belt pulley 13c, and the power is transmitted to the small walnut screen 1 positioned below the belt pulley through a belt transmission mechanism. When the driving shaft rotates, the driving shaft transmits power to the small walnut roller and the small walnut screen 1 in sequence and enables the two components to rotate.

The driven shaft transmits power to a first roller of the pair of large walnut rollers positioned below the driven shaft through the belt transmission mechanism, and the large walnut rollers transmit power to a second roller of the pair of large walnut rollers through the gear transmission mechanism (namely, the

gears

15a and 15b), so that the pair of large walnut rollers can rotate relatively, and the large walnut rollers are subjected to primary shelling treatment during rotation. And the rotating shaft of the second big walnut roller is also provided with a belt pulley 15c, and the power is transmitted to the big walnut screen 12 positioned below the belt pulley through a belt transmission mechanism. When the driven shaft rotates, the power is transmitted to the large walnut roller and the large walnut screen in sequence, and the two components rotate.

The following describes the screening and husking process of the screening and husking machine for the walnuts:

the outer conveying device sends the walnuts with the green husks into the bin 6 at a constant speed in batches, the walnuts with the green husks enter the belts 7 of the grading device through the opening below the bin 6, the motor 4 provides power for the belts 7 through the speed reducer 5, the belts rotate clockwise, and the walnuts with the green husks rotate clockwise together with the belts 7 through friction force.

When the diameter of the walnut with green husk is smaller than the gap between the adjacent belts 7 positioned at the left of the separating plate 14, the walnut falls into the gap between the pair of small walnut rollers 13 of the extruding device through the primary collecting bin, and when the diameter of the walnut with green husk is larger than the gap between the adjacent belts 7 positioned at the left of the separating plate 14, the walnut falls into the gap between the pair of large walnut rollers 15 of the extruding device through the primary collecting bin.

The power of two pairs of walnut rollers of the extruding device indirectly comes from the speed reducer 5, each pair of rollers rotate relatively to provide a radial extruding force and a downward acting force for the walnut with green husk, so that the walnut with green husk is extruded and cracked by the horizontal extruding force, the effect of primary husking is achieved, and meanwhile, the downward acting force enables the extruded and cracked green husk walnut to enter the secondary collecting bin 17. Because the secondary collection bin 17 forms a certain inclination angle with the horizontal direction, the cracked green husk walnuts fall on the horizontal baffle plate 19 through the square hole of the secondary collection bin 17 by means of self gravity and then enter the walnut sieve of the separation device.

The power of the large walnut screen 12 and the small walnut screen 1 in the separating device indirectly comes from the speed reducer 5, and the screens can rotate at high speed. The large walnut screen 12 and the small walnut screen 1 which rotate at high speed drive the cracked green walnut entering the large walnut screen 12 and the small walnut screen 1 to rotate at high speed, and because the axes of the large walnut screen 12 and the small walnut screen 1 which rotate at high speed form a certain inclination angle with the horizontal direction, the cracked green walnut can move outwards along the corresponding screen axes and respectively contact and collide with the peeling rod 19 fixedly arranged on the fixed shaft 22 and the connecting rod 21 with the brush head 20, so that the peeling function is realized. When in design, the fixed shaft 22, the peeling rod 19 and the connecting rod 21 have lower surface hardness, so that the peeled walnut is prevented from being crushed due to collision, and the peeling effect is improved.

To sum up, the utility model discloses can carry out grading and shelling according to the size of a dimension to the dry fruit of walnut class that has the green husk, realize utilizing simple mechanical structure just can realize the grading of green husk walnut, hierarchical precision is high, efficient. The husking function is realized through the extruding device and the separating device. The surface of the extrusion roller adopts larger roughness, so that the contact force between the green husk walnuts and the roller during extrusion is improved. Install the connecting rod that shells pole and have the brush head on the dead axle of screen cloth axis department, and then when shelling the walnut that has the green husk, get rid of the walnut green husk in proper order, ensure that the shelling is thorough: firstly, the walnut is collided with the cracked green husk through the peeling rod, then the green husk remained on the shell of the walnut is further removed through the plurality of brush heads, so that the green husk is not adhered to the shell of the walnut after passing through the plurality of brush heads, the peeling is more thorough, the efficiency is higher, and the subsequent further treatment is avoided. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the water is not required to be added in the husking process, the structure is more reasonable, the production efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the subsequent manual processing procedure is not required to be added, and the overall production cost is reduced.

Although the present invention has been described in detail, the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can modify the principle of the present invention, and therefore, various modifications performed according to the principle of the present invention should be understood as falling into the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A screening and husking machine is used for screening and husking fruits with green husks, and is characterized by comprising:

a frame;

a bin and a driving device which are arranged on one side of the rack and are used for temporarily storing the fruits with the green husks;

the grading device is arranged on the rack and connected with the driving device and is used for grading the fruits with green husks output by the bin;

the extruding device is arranged on the rack and connected with the driving device and is positioned below the grading device and used for extruding the fruits with green husks subjected to grading treatment to break the green husks;

and the separating device is arranged on the rack and connected with the driving device and is positioned below the extruding device and used for peeling the broken fruits in the green husks.

2. The sifting and husking machine of claim 1, wherein the classifying means has a plurality of belts for size sifting the green tangerine peel fruits, and extension lines of two adjacent belts intersect.

3. The screener decorticator of claim 2, wherein the bottom of the bin is provided with a plurality of outlets.

4. The selective decorticator of claim 3 wherein the plurality of belts have one end positioned below the bin and the plurality of outlets in the bottom of the bin are positioned above a gap between two adjacent belts of the plurality of belts.

5. The sifting and husking machine of any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the pressing means comprises a first pressing assembly for pressing green tangerine orange peel fruits of a first size and a second pressing assembly for pressing green tangerine orange peel fruits of a size larger than the first size, which are arranged side by side.

6. The screener decorticator of claim 5, wherein the first compression assembly comprises a pair of first rollers disposed in opposing rotational directions and in parallel, the second compression assembly comprises a pair of second rollers disposed in opposing rotational directions and in parallel, and the distance between the axes of the pair of first rollers is less than the distance between the axes of the pair of second rollers.

7. The sifting and husking machine of claim 5 wherein the separating means includes a first separating unit for husking the broken fruits with the green husks processed by the first pressing unit and a second separating unit for husking the broken fruits with the green husks processed by the second pressing unit, which are symmetrically arranged.

8. The screening decorticator of claim 7, wherein the first separator assembly comprises a first screen drum rotatable relative to the frame, the second separator assembly comprises a second screen drum rotatable relative to the frame, and the axes of the first and second screen drums form an angle with the horizontal greater than 0 °.

9. The screening and husking machine of claim 1, further comprising a hopper-shaped primary collection bin located below the grading device and above the extrusion device, wherein a discharge port is formed in the bottom of the primary collection bin.

10. The screening and husking machine of claim 1 or 9, further comprising a hopper-shaped secondary collection bin located below the extrusion device and above the separation device, wherein a discharge port is formed in the bottom of the secondary collection bin.