CN114868931A - Shell remover for tassella seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a tassel tree seed huller, which can hulle tassel tree seeds according to the shape and structure, and comprises a feeding bin, a sieve plate and a crushing mechanism, wherein a certain amount of seeds are fed into a shell by the feeding bin each time, the seeds with different sizes are sieved by the sieve plate and then fall into the crushing mechanism to be crushed and hulled, the crushing mechanism comprises a tray which is slidably connected to the shell, a supporting plate which is matched and supported and a squeezing plate which mutually squeeze and break the hulls are arranged on the tray, arc teeth which allow the seeds to vertically fall are arranged on the supporting plate and the squeezing plate, the squeezing and the hull breaking are carried out by the squeezing plate, the integrity of the broken hulls is ensured, the tassel tree seed huller also comprises a separating cylinder and a separating roller which is rotatably connected in the separating cylinder, a roller blade is irregularly fixed on the separating roller, the separating roller can thoroughly separate the shells from the kernels, and utilizes the up-down vibration of a vibrating plate to blow the air box, the shells and the seed kernels are screened, so that the oil can be pressed from the seed kernels conveniently, and the method is worthy of popularization.

Description

Tassel Seed Shelling Machine

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of shelling machines, in particular to a shelling machine for tassel tree seeds.

Background technique

The tassel tree is a widely distributed and high-value crop in my country. Its seeds are rich in oil and can be extracted for industrial use. The seeds of the tassel tree are similar to those of pine nuts or apricot trees, with a hard shell. There are many dehulling machines for similar crops, but these dehulling machines are not able to dehull the seeds of tassel trees, not only the shelling rate is not high, but also the damage rate of the seed kernels is high, so a suitable tassel tree is urgently needed. Dehulling machine for seed dehulling.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tassel tree seed shelling machine, which solves the problem that the existing shelling machine cannot be well applied to the shelling work of the tassel tree seeds, and the shelling rate is not high and The problem of high damage rate of seed kernels.

The above-mentioned technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The content of the invention: a fringed tree seed shelling machine, including a shell, characterized in that a feeding bin is installed on the upper end of the shell, and a sieve plate hinged on the shell is placed under the feeding bin, and the sieve is There are two trays slidably connected to the shell under the plate, the two trays are placed at the same height of the shell on the left and the right, and the two trays are respectively placed on the two trays for crushing seeds of different size ranges. Crushing mechanism, a set of separation mechanism is arranged under the two trays for separating the crushed shell from the seeds, and the lower end of the shell is provided with a screening and collecting device for sieving and collecting the shell and the seeds.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1. The present invention completes the shelling work for the special shape setting mechanism of the tassel tree seeds, including a feeding bin, a sieve plate and a crushing mechanism. After the seeds are screened, they fall into the crushing mechanism for crushing and shelling. The crushing mechanism includes a tray that is slidably connected to the shell. The tray is provided with a supporting plate for supporting and a squeezing plate that squeezes the shells mutually. The supporting plate And the extrusion plate is provided with arc-shaped teeth that allow the seeds to fall vertically, and the extrusion plate is used to break the shell to ensure the integrity of the seed kernel after the shell is broken;

2. The present invention also includes a separation mechanism, including a separation cylinder and a separation cylinder rotatably connected in the separation cylinder, and a blade is irregularly fixed on the separation cylinder, which can hit the shell stuck on the seed kernel, and separate the shell and the seed. The kernel is completely separated, and the upper and lower vibration of the vibrating plate is used to separate the shell and the seed kernel under the blowing of the bellows, which not only saves the time for subsequent manual separation of the seed kernel and the shell, but also improves the seed shelling rate. promotion.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partial structural view 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a second partial structural view of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a third partial structural view of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a structural view of the screen plate of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a first structural view of the crushing mechanism of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a second structural view of the crushing mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a third structural view of the crushing mechanism of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a structural view of the screening and separation mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, the shell; 2, the feeding bin; 3, the sieve plate; 4, the tray; 5, the through groove; 6, the top plate; 7, the first drive gear; 8, the first connecting rod; 9, the second Drive gear; 10, the second link; 11, the third link; 12, the first spring; 13, the crushing groove; 14, the support plate; 15, the first arc tooth; 16, the extrusion plate; 17, the first Two arc teeth; 18, the first rack; 19, the first intermediate gear; 20, the second rack; 21, the second intermediate gear; 22, the funnel; Leaf; 26, connecting cylinder; 27, tension spring; 28, base; 29, vibrating plate; 30, bellows; 31, waste box; 32, feeding leaf.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-10.

Embodiment 1, with reference to Figures 1-10, a shelling machine for tassel tree seeds, including a shell 1, a feeding bin 2 is installed on the upper end of the shell 1, and by default, the tassel tree seeds enter the shelling machine from the feeding bin 2. In the shell machine body, in order to improve the shelling rate of the device, the feeding bin 2 in this embodiment needs to have the function of quantitative blanking. The blade 32 has a constant rotation speed under the drive of the motor. The motor that drives the rotation of the feeding blade 32 is connected to the controller used in the matching, and the driving time is controlled by the controller. The sieve plate 3 above is preset, and the seeds of the tassel tree are of different sizes. In order to avoid the kernels from being crushed during shelling, in this embodiment, the tassel tree seeds are sieved by setting the sieve plate 3. The preset , the connection position of the sieve plate 3 on the shell 1 is located at the lower right of the feeding bin 2, so that the seeds falling from the feeding bin 2 can first fall on the left side of the sieve plate 3. In this embodiment, the sieve plate The left side of 3 is hinged on the shell 1. Under the action of gravity, the sieve plate 3 is in an inclined state without external force, which can make the seeds falling on the sieve plate 3 roll and slide down. The specific screening method of the sieve plate 3 is: The sieve plate 3 is provided with a plurality of through grooves 5 arranged at intervals, and the diameter of the through grooves 5 gradually decreases from left to right, so that the seeds falling on the sieve plate 3 can be placed on the sieve plate 3 according to the size. Dropped at different positions of the tassels, the preset shape of the fringed seeds is approximately elliptical. The top plate 6 is driven by the driving device to slide vertically, which can satisfy the requirement that when the top plate 6 is pushed upward, the sieve plate 3 will be driven upward together. When the top plate 6 is returned downward, the sieve plate 3 will also fall back down under the action of gravity. , so that the sieve plate 3 is subjected to a certain vibration effect to prevent the seeds from being stuck in the through groove 5, so that the seeds can be rolled laterally on the sieve plate 3 to fall out of the through groove 5. There are two under the sieve plate 3. The tray 4 that is laterally slidably connected to the casing 1, the two trays 4 are placed at the same height of the casing 1 on the left and the right, so that the seeds falling from the sieve plate 3 will fall into the two trays respectively 4, in which the size of the seeds on the tray 4 on the left is smaller than the size of the seeds on the tray 4 on the right, so the two trays 4 are respectively provided with different size ranges. A crushing mechanism for seeds to be crushed;

The crushing mechanism includes a plurality of crushing grooves 13 that are arranged on the tray 4 at intervals. By default, the side walls of the crushing grooves 13 are inclined arcs, and the width of the crushing grooves 13 is longer than that which can be achieved by the tassel tree seeds. In the maximum size, each of the crushing grooves 13 is provided with two supporting plates 14 that are longitudinally slidably connected to the tray 4. By default, the placement direction of the supporting plates 14 is parallel to the placement direction of the crushing grooves 13. Each support plate 14 plays the role of supporting the seeds falling into the crushing groove 13. In this embodiment, the crushing mechanism needs to achieve accurate crushing and reduce the damage to the kernels. From the perspective of the approximate oval shape, if all the seeds are separated by size according to length, the seeds on the same tray 4 have similar sizes, and the seeds are arranged vertically on the support plate 14. After the hulling is carried out, the integrity of the kernels can be well ensured. Therefore, in this embodiment, the two supporting plates 14 are provided with first arc-shaped teeth 15 for matching use. The outer dimensions of the first arc-shaped teeth 15 on the two support plates 14 are exactly the same, but the two first arc-shaped teeth 15 are arranged symmetrically, so that after the two support plates 14 are close to each other, the two first arc-shaped teeth 15 are arranged symmetrically. The teeth 15 can cooperate with each other to form a gap of a certain size, so that the vertical seeds can fall into and be stuck in the gap formed by the two first arc-shaped teeth 15. Above the two support plates 14 are correspondingly arranged. The pressing plate 16, the two pressing plates 16 are provided with a second arc-shaped tooth 17 for use with each other. By default, the size of the second arc-shaped tooth 17 is smaller than the size of the first arc-shaped tooth 15. , the setting method of the two second arc-shaped teeth 17 is the same as that of the two first arc-shaped teeth 15 , and the opening position of each second arc-shaped tooth 17 corresponds to the position of the first arc-shaped tooth 15 , so that when the two extrusion plates 16 are close to each other, the extrusion and crushing of the seed shell can be completed through the two second arc teeth 17 without extrusion or excessive extrusion to the seed kernels, By default, the dimensions between the supporting plates 14 and the pressing plates 16 connected on the two trays 4 are the same, but the first arc-shaped teeth 15 and the second arc-shaped teeth 17 provided on the supporting plates 14 and the pressing plates 16 are The sizes of the support plates 14 on the left tray 4 and the first arc teeth 15 and the second arc teeth 17 on the pressing plate 16 should be smaller than those on the right tray 4 in order to meet the requirements of different sizes of tassel. The seeds do the work of breaking the shell;

The transmission between any set of the support plates 14 is completed by a transmission mechanism composed of a pair of first racks 18 and a first intermediate gear 19. The movement mode of the two support plates 14 satisfies the synchronous and opposite movement, that is, the two supports The plates 14 can only move away from each other or approach each other, so as to support and clamp the vertical seeds when the two support plates 14 are close to each other. That is, in the embodiment itself, the hinge shafts of the plurality of first intermediate gears 19 are connected to each other through the synchronous pulley, so that after driving any one of the first intermediate gears 19 to rotate, the other first intermediate gears 19 will also rotate synchronously. By default, the motor that drives the support plate 14 to move is controlled by the controller, and the transmission mechanism composed of a pair of second racks 20 and a second intermediate gear 21 is used between the two pressing plates 16 in each group. Transmission, that is, similar to the movement between the two support plates 14 in each group, realizes the synchronous movement between the two pressing plates 16 in the same group, and the synchronous transmission connection between the second intermediate gears 21 in each group, And the adjacent group of pressing plates 16 are also connected by transmission through the second rack 20 and the second intermediate gear 21 to ensure that the two pressing plates 16 of different groups can be driven to perform the same action at the same time to complete the pressing. Or separate, and the two adjacent pressing plates 16 are also connected by transmission through the second rack 20 and the second intermediate gear 21, so as to ensure the stability of the device and ensure that each group of pressing plates 16 can be completed stably extrusion work;

In this embodiment, the crushing mechanism can crush a large part of the shell of the seed, and a part of the shell falls under the gap formed by the two first arc teeth 15, so that it is not crushed by the crushing plate 16. Therefore, a set of separation mechanisms are arranged under the two trays 4 for separating the broken shell from the seeds. The separation mechanism includes a funnel 22 placed under the tray 4, and the funnel 22 is used for receiving The preliminarily treated seeds dropped on the plate 14, the lower end of the funnel 22 is hinged with a separation cylinder 23, and the separation cylinder 23 is rotatably connected with a separation cylinder 24, and the separation cylinder 24 is fixed on the outer wall of the separation cylinder 23. The motor is driven to rotate, and a plurality of blades 25 are installed on the separation drum 24 in an irregular distribution. It is preset that after the broken seeds enter the separation cylinder 23, through the rotation of the separation drum 24, they will strike and move. seeds, so in this embodiment, the separating roller 24 is made of plastic material. When there is a situation where the completely broken shell is stuck on the seed and is not separated from the seed, the separating roller 24 can strike the shell, and the impact can pass through the impact. The shell is knocked down from the seed, so as to realize the complete separation of the seed and the shell. In this embodiment, after the preliminary crushed seed enters the separation cylinder 23, after being hit and separated by the separation roller 24, it is necessary to separate the seed kernel from the shell. The outer casing performs the final screening, but during this process, the seeds and the outer casing need to be poured out of the separation cylinder. The other end of the separation cylinder 23 is slidably connected with a connecting cylinder 26, which is connected with the shell 1. The tension spring 27, the upper end of the connecting cylinder 26 is connected with the driving mechanism connected to the housing 1 through the pulling rope;

In this embodiment, a driving mechanism is provided to be responsible for driving to complete multiple actions, including the up and down movement of the sieve plate 3, the lateral sliding of the tray 4 and the up and down swing of the separation drum 23. The driving mechanism includes a lateral sliding connection on the casing. The first connecting rod 8 on the body 1, the first connecting rod 8 cooperates with the first driving gear 7 hinged on the housing 1, so that the first driving gear 7 drives the first connecting rod 8 to slide laterally, that is, the first A drive gear 7 and the first connecting rod 8 form a crank connecting rod mechanism. The first connecting rod 8 is used as a connecting rod part. With the rotation of the first driving gear 7, the first connecting rod 8 will be driven by the first driving gear 7 in the connecting rod. The casing 1 is slid laterally. By default, the two ends of the first connecting rod 8 are respectively connected with the two connecting cylinders 26 through the pull rope, so that under the action of the tension spring 27, the connecting cylinder 26 has a downward direction. The trend of swinging, then with the rotation of the first driving gear 7, the first connecting rod 8 will alternately pull the two connecting cylinders 26 to swing upward, and under the action of the tension spring 27, the separation cylinder 23 will reach around it. The hinge shaft hinged on the housing 1 swings up and down, the first drive gear 7 is engaged with a second drive gear 9 hinged on the housing 1, and a lateral slide is placed above the second drive gear 9. The second connecting rod 10 connected to the casing 1, the second connecting rod 10 cooperates with the second driving gear 9 so that the second driving gear 9 drives the second connecting rod 10 to slide laterally, that is, the second driving gear 9 and The second connecting rod 10 also constitutes a crank connecting rod mechanism. The two ends of the second connecting rod 10 are respectively connected with the two trays 4 through the pull rope. There is a first spring 12, which satisfies that under the action of the first spring 12, the two trays 4 have a tendency to move away from the first driving gear 7. With the rotation of the first driving gear 7, the second link 10 will move. The two trays 4 are alternately pulled to move in the direction close to the first driving gear 7, so that the two trays 4 continuously shake left and right when the second driving gear 9 rotates. Shaking left and right will make the tassel seeds falling on the two trays 4 fully shake, so that all the tassel seeds can fall vertically into the gap formed by the first arc teeth 15, so as to realize the function of breaking the shell, the second The cooperation of the driving gear 9 with the third connecting rod 11 vertically fixedly connected to the top plate 6 drives the third connecting rod 11 to slide vertically. When the second driving gear 9 rotates, it will drive the top plate 6 to slide vertically up and down through the sliding cooperation with the third connecting rod 11, so as to realize the purpose of using the top plate 6 to drive the sieve plate 3 to vibrate. The size of the first drive gear 7 is selected to be larger than the size of the second drive gear 9, so as to ensure that the frequency of the shaking of the tray 4 will be greater than that of the separation drum 23;

The lower end of the casing 1 is provided with a sieving and collecting device for sieving and collecting the shell and seeds. The vibrating plate 29, the vibrating plate 29 is driven by a set of crank connecting rod mechanism to move up and down, the preset, the seeds and shells poured out from the separating cylinder 23 will fall on the vibrating plate 29 of the base 28, and the vibrating plate 29 The upper surface of the upper surface of the vibration plate 29 is arranged with a plurality of inclined planes, which can ensure that when the vibration plate 29 moves up and down, a force can be applied to the objects on the upper surface of the vibration plate 29 to move in a certain direction, so that the seeds and the broken shell 1 can be slowly The vibrating plate 29 moves on the side of the vibrating plate 29, and a bellows 30 fixedly connected to the casing 1 is arranged on the side of the vibration plate 29. The bellows 30 is communicated with the base 28, and the side of the base 28 is connected to the casing 1. The waste box 31 on the top satisfies that after the vibrating plate 29 reaches the uppermost movement limit position, the seed kernels and the broken shell 1 will be affected by the wind blown out from the bellows 30, and the quality of the broken shell will be lighter than that of the seed kernels. Many, under the influence of wind blowing, the distance that the seeds will move to the waste box 31 is greater than the distance that the kernels move to the waste box 31, so that by controlling the length of the vibrating plate 29 or the size of the wind blowing out of the bellows 30, the The crushed shell with light mass is blown into the waste box 31, and the seeds with heavy mass can travel the length of the vibrating plate 29 and fall into the collection bag at the end of the vibrating plate 29 to complete the separation of the crushed shell and the seeds.

When the present invention is used, it does not have the function of separating sundries such as branches and stones, so it is necessary to clean up the seeds in advance, and the seeds can be driven into the shell 1 only when the feeding leaves 32 set in the present invention are rotated. Connected to the feed bin port 2, by setting the rotation time of the feeding blade 32 in advance, a quantitative amount of seeds can be sent into the shell 1, and then the controller will stop the rotation of the feeding blade 32, and at the same time, the first start When the feeding blade 32 rotates, the controller will also drive the first drive gear 7 to rotate, and the rotation of the first drive gear 7 will drive the sieve plate 3 to shake, completely shaking the seeds from the sieve plate 3 and falling out of the sieve plate at the same time. 3. The sorted seeds will fall on the tray 4. In the initial state, each group of support plates 14 on the tray 4 is in a close state, and each group of pressing plates 16 is in a separated state. After a certain period of time, each group of pressing plates 16 will be driven close to each other to complete the work of pressing and breaking the shell, then the pressing plates 16 will return to the initial state, and the controller will drive the supporting plates 14 of each group to separate from each other to remove the seeds from the tray 4 . After falling out, the seeds and the broken shell will enter into the separation cylinder 23 through the funnel 22. At the same time, when the controller controls the separation of the support plate 14, it will drive the feeding blade 32 to rotate again, and then the support plate 14 will return to its original state. The state is taken as a feeding cycle for reciprocating feeding. Similarly, when the rotation of the dialing blade 32 is started for the first time, the separation roller 24 and the bellows 30 and the motor connecting the crank link mechanism that maintains the movement of the vibration plate 29 will also be used together. Drive, that is, a separate control circuit for the feeding blade 32, and a control circuit for the power components of other mechanisms. In the separation cylinder 23, the shell will be completely separated from the kernels, and then fall into the base 28 to screen the kernels and the shell. point.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (9)

1. The tassel tree seed huller comprises a shell (1) and is characterized in that a feeding bin (2) is mounted at the upper end of the shell (1), a sieve plate (3) hinged to the shell (1) is arranged below the feeding bin (2), two trays (4) connected to the shell (1) in a transverse sliding mode are arranged below the sieve plate (3), the two trays (4) are arranged at the same height of the shell (1) from left to right, crushing mechanisms for crushing seeds in different size ranges are arranged on the two trays (4), a set of separating mechanism is arranged below each tray (4) and used for separating the crushed shell from the seed, and a screening and collecting device for screening and collecting the shell and the seed is arranged at the lower end of the shell (1).

2. The shelling machine for tassel seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sieve plate (3) is provided with a plurality of through slots (5) which are arranged at intervals, the diameter of each through slot (5) is gradually reduced from left to right, a top plate (6) which is vertically slidably connected to the shell (1) is arranged below the sieve plate (3), and the top plate (6) is driven by the driving device to slide vertically.

3. A decorticator for chionanthus retusus seeds as claimed in claim 2, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a first connecting rod (8) connected to the housing (1) in a lateral sliding manner, the first connecting rod (8) is engaged with a first driving gear (7) hinged to the housing (1) such that the first driving gear (7) drives the first connecting rod (8) to slide laterally, a second driving gear (9) hinged to the housing (1) is engaged and engaged above the first driving gear (7), a second connecting rod (10) connected to the housing (1) in a lateral sliding manner is disposed above the second driving gear (9), the second connecting rod (10) is engaged with the second driving gear (9) such that the second driving gear (9) drives the second connecting rod (10) to slide laterally, and the second connecting rod is engaged with a third connecting rod (11) vertically and fixedly connected to the top plate (6), the third connecting rod (11) is driven to slide vertically.

4. The decorticator for tassel seeds of claim 3, wherein the two trays (4) are connected to both ends of the second connecting rod (10) by a pull string, and a first spring (12) is interposed between the two trays (4) and the housing (1).

5. The shelling machine for tassel seeds as claimed in claim 4, wherein the crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of crushing grooves (13) spaced apart from each other on the tray (4), each crushing groove (13) is provided with two support plates (14) longitudinally slidably connected to the tray (4), the two support plates (14) are provided with first arc-shaped teeth (15) for cooperation, the two support plates (14) are respectively provided with a corresponding pressing plate (16) above, and the two pressing plates (16) are provided with second arc-shaped teeth (17) for cooperation.

6. The decorticator for tassel seeds of claim 5, wherein the transmission between any one set of the supporting plates (14) is achieved through a transmission mechanism consisting of a pair of first racks (18) and a first intermediate gear (19), the two supporting plates (14) move in a manner of synchronous opposite movement, the supporting plates (14) of each set are in synchronous transmission connection, and the two pressing plates (16) of each set are achieved through a transmission mechanism consisting of a pair of second racks (20) and a second intermediate gear (21), so that the two pressing plates of the same set move synchronously opposite.

7. A huller for chionanthus retusus seeds as claimed in claim 3, wherein the separating means comprises a hopper (22) placed under the tray (4), the lower end of the funnel (22) is hinged with a separating cylinder (23), a separating roller (24) is rotationally connected in the separating cylinder (23), the separation roller (24) is driven to rotate by a motor fixed on the outer side wall of the separation cylinder (23), a plurality of roller blades (25) are irregularly distributed and installed on the separation roller (24), the other end of the separation cylinder (23) is connected with a connecting cylinder (26) in a sliding way, be connected with extension spring (27) between connecting cylinder (26) and casing (1), connecting cylinder (26) upper end is connected through stay cord and horizontal sliding connection first connecting rod (8) on casing (1), will alternate when satisfying first connecting rod (8) and carry out the horizontal slip and stimulate two connecting cylinders (26) upward movement.

8. The shelling machine for tassel seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sieving and collecting device comprises a base (28) fixedly connected to the lower end of the casing (1), a vibrating plate (29) is vertically and slidably connected to the base (28), the vibrating plate (29) is driven by a set of crank-link mechanism to move up and down, a bellows (30) fixedly connected to the casing (1) is disposed at the side of the vibrating plate (29), the bellows (30) is communicated with the base (28), and a waste bin (31) fixedly connected to the casing (1) is communicated with the side of the base (28).

9. The huller for chionanthus retusus seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeding bin (2) is hinged with a material-shifting blade (32), and the material-shifting blade (32) is driven by a motor to rotate.

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