CN106617138B

CN106617138B - Oil tree peony seed grading shelling cleaning plant

Info

Publication number: CN106617138B
Application number: CN201710044248.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姬江涛; 陶满; 张志红; 金鑫; 贺智涛; 杜新武; 岳菊梅; 朱越; 李�灿; 杨林辉; 钱凯; 李明勇
Original assignee: Henan University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Henan University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2017-01-21
Filing date: 2017-01-21
Publication date: 2020-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 2037-01-21
Also published as: CN106617138A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of deep processing machinery of oil peony seeds, in particular to a grading, shelling and cleaning device for oil peony seeds. The peony seed sheller comprises a grading shelling unit and a cleaning unit, wherein the grading shelling unit comprises a casing, a plurality of parallel rollers are arranged in the casing, a baffle is arranged below the rollers, one section of the baffle is provided with a round hole screen part, the surface of the roller in a grading area is provided with spiral blades for conveying peony seeds to the shelling area along the baffle, the surface of the roller in the shelling area is provided with a shelling mechanism matched with the baffle, the top of the casing is provided with a feeding port corresponding to the round hole screen part, and the casing is provided with a discharging port corresponding to the shelling area; the cleaning unit comprises a rack arranged on one side of a discharge port on the shell, a material collecting plate and a fan used for separating the kernels and the shells of the peony seeds through ventilation to the material collecting plate are obliquely arranged on the rack. The invention integrates the functions of grading, shelling and cleaning, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and use.

Description

Oil tree peony seed grading shelling cleaning plant

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of deep processing machinery of oil peony seeds, in particular to a grading, shelling and cleaning device for oil peony seeds.

Background

With the increasing improvement of living standard of people, the yield of edible oil in China, particularly high-grade edible oil, can not meet the demand, the import amount accounts for more than 60 percent, and greatly exceeds the international food safety alert line, in addition, the transgenic problem of foreign soybean oil is prominent, and the life health and the national food safety of people are also influenced, the peony seed oil passes through various toxicological tests, is approved by a new resource food evaluation expert committee in 2011 3 months, is disclosed and approved as a new resource food, and formally becomes a member in the military for edible oil, the peony seed oil has huge nutritional value, has more than 90 percent of unsaturated fatty acid content, has more than 40 percent of polyunsaturated fatty acid α -linolenic acid content, is 140 times of olive oil, has the functions of preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, reducing blood fat, reducing critical hypertension, inhibiting cancer generation and preferential transfer, enhancing intelligence and the like, is a fruit of peony seed for peony oil, is a new woody oil which is suitable for popularization without competing with grains, has the characteristics of high yield (300 percent of five years), high yield, 300 percent of peony seed oil, high yield, high comprehensive profit, and high yield of peony oil for high yield and high yield of oil for the national oil for high profit (2011) and high profit).

The factors promote the rapid development of the planting of the oil peony, and the shelling workload of oil peony seeds is greatly increased. Because the shells of the peony seeds are very hard and difficult to remove, the lack of shelling and cleaning equipment for the oil peony seeds becomes a key link which restricts the rapid development of the oil peony industry. The oil peony seed hulling device in the prior art mainly breaks shells of oil peony seeds by means of extrusion or impact. Compared with impact crushing, the method of crushing by extrusion has the advantages of high yield, good integrity of oil peony seed kernels and the like. However, as the sizes of the oil peony seed particles are not uniform, the oil peony seeds are classified before extrusion, then the distance between the two extrusion rollers is adjusted according to the sizes of the oil peony seeds of each grade, the shelling procedure is complicated, and usually the shelling is carried out firstly, and then the cleaning is carried out, namely the shelling and the cleaning are not completed on the same equipment, so that the labor cost and the investment on the machine cost are increased by the traditional cleaning mode, and the convenience is not provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an oil peony seed hulling device which can integrate grading, hulling and cleaning functions.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a device for grading, shelling and cleaning oil peony seeds comprises a grading shelling unit and a cleaning unit, wherein the grading shelling unit comprises a casing, a plurality of parallel rollers are sequentially arranged in the casing from top to bottom, an arc-shaped baffle plate coaxial with the corresponding roller is arranged below each roller, a section of each baffle plate positioned at the same side is provided with a circular hole sieve part capable of screening peony seeds according to the particle size, a classification area is formed between the circular hole sieve part and the rollers, and a shelling area is formed between the rest parts of the baffle plates except the circular hole sieve part and the rollers, a spiral blade for conveying the peony seeds to the shelling area along a baffle is arranged on the surface of the roller in the grading area, a shelling mechanism matched with the baffle is arranged on the surface of the roller in the shelling area, a feeding port is arranged at the top of the shell and at a position corresponding to the grading area, and a discharging port is arranged at a position corresponding to the shelling area; cleaning unit is including setting up the frame in the discharge gate one side that is located the casing, and the slope is provided with the material collecting plate in the frame and is used for through the fan of ventilating the benevolence shell separation of tree peony seed to the material collecting plate.

Preferably, the hulling mechanism is a plurality of pressing plates arranged along the length direction of the roller, a plurality of scrapers for conveying the kernel-shell mixture in the hulling region to the discharge port are obliquely arranged on the pressing plates at intervals, and the pressing plates are made of rubber materials.

Preferably, the paddle is a brush.

Preferably, the apertures of the round hole sieve parts on the plurality of baffles arranged from top to bottom are reduced in sequence, and the intervals between the plurality of rollers arranged from top to bottom and the corresponding baffles are reduced in sequence.

Preferably, the number of the rollers is three, the three rollers are distributed in the casing in a stepped manner, first guide plates are arranged between the material feeding port and the grading region positioned at the top and between the grading regions of any two adjacent rollers, the three rollers comprise rotating shafts, and two ends of each rotating shaft are respectively rotatably arranged in bearing seats fixed on the side wall of the casing.

Preferably, the rotating shaft is provided with a belt pulley at one end back to the discharge port, the bottom of the casing is provided with a motor, the motor drives the roller at the bottom to rotate through a belt, and the roller at the top is sequentially driven to rotate through the belt by the roller at the bottom.

Preferably, the casing is provided with a conical feeding hopper at a feeding port, and a second guide plate facing a material collecting plate on the cleaning unit is arranged at a discharge port inclined to the side wall of the casing.

Preferably, the air outlet of fan sets up towards the bottom of material collecting plate face, is equipped with the pterygoid lamina that is used for preventing the material to splash in the both sides of material collecting plate, is provided with air regulation mechanism on the air outlet of fan.

Preferably, a finished product bag for accepting peony seeds is arranged below the lower end of the material collecting plate, and a garbage bag for accepting unqualified peony seeds and impurities is arranged below the classification region of the roller positioned at the lowest part in the machine shell.

Preferably, the grading hulling unit and the cleaning unit are split, and castors are arranged at the bottom of the machine shell of the split hulling unit and the bottom of the machine frame of the cleaning unit.

Advantageous effects

According to the invention, the grading process and the shelling process of the oil peony seeds are synchronously carried out on one device, the oil peony seeds with different particle sizes are graded layer by layer through a cylindrical sieve, the oil peony seeds with different particle sizes are shelled through a squeezing and rubbing method by corresponding shelling mechanisms, the advantages of high yield of the oil peony seed shells and low breakage rate of the oil peony seed kernels after the shells are broken in a squeezing method crushing mode are retained, meanwhile, the complicated process that the oil peony seeds are graded through the grading device firstly in the prior art, and then the oil peony seeds with the same particle size are transferred to equipment with corresponding compression roller intervals for shelling is also omitted, the workload is effectively reduced, and the automation degree and the efficiency of shelling of the oil peony seeds are greatly improved.

The invention respectively conveys the oil peony seeds with the same particle size screened by the plurality of circular hole screen parts to the corresponding shelling areas, and in the shelling areas, the distances between the plurality of rollers and the corresponding baffle plates are different and are fixed, so that repeated adjustment is not needed.

In the prior art, before shelling, the oil peony seeds need to be subjected to impurity removal, and the small stones or the oil peony seeds which are not suitable for oil extraction and are not completely developed are removed. The multi-layer grading area is arranged, so that small impurities or unqualified oil peony seeds mixed in the oil peony seeds can automatically fall from the grading area positioned at the lowest part, and the oil peony seeds do not need to be subjected to small impurity treatment before shelling, so that the functionality of the oil peony seed sheller is further improved, and the oil peony seed sheller is more practical.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hierarchical hulling unit section according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a drum portion of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cleaning unit portion of the present invention;

the labels in the figure are: 1. the device comprises a shell, 2, a roller, 3, a baffle, 4, blades, 5, a rack, 6, a material collecting plate, 7, a fan, 8, a pressing plate, 9, a scraping plate, 10, a first guide plate, 11, a rotating shaft, 12, a belt pulley, 13, a motor, 14, a feeding hopper, 15, a second guide plate, 16, a wing plate, 17, an air volume adjusting mechanism, 18 and castors.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the oil peony seed grading, shelling and cleaning device comprises a grading, shelling unit and a cleaning unit, the oil peony seeds are graded into a plurality of parts with the same particle size by the grading, shelling unit respectively crushes oil peony seed shells by squeezing and kneading, the crushed oil peony seed and seed shell mixed materials are uniformly discharged to the cleaning unit, and the seed shells of the oil peony seeds are thoroughly separated by a fan 7 by the cleaning unit by utilizing the light characteristic of the peony seed shells.

The grading hulling unit comprises a machine shell 1, wherein a feeding port is formed in one side of the top end of the machine shell 1, and a conical feeding hopper 14 is arranged at the feeding port, so that oil peony seeds can be poured into the machine shell 1 conveniently for processing. Being echelonment down by the dog-house and being equipped with the cylinder 2 of three parallel in proper order in casing 1, three cylinder 2 all includes a pivot 11, and the both ends of pivot 11 are rotatable setting respectively in being fixed in the bearing frame on the casing 1 lateral wall, and all pivot 11 are located the one end of homonymy and all are provided with belt pulley 12 the bottom of casing 1 is provided with motor 13, and motor 13 passes through the belt and drives 2 rotations of cylinder 2 below, and the cylinder 2 that is located the top is driven in proper order through the belt by the cylinder 2 that is located the below again and rotates, drives three cylinder 2 through a motor 13 and rotates simultaneously, has reduced the load of complete machine when three cylinder 2 is broken oil tree peony seed shell respectively, has reduced the loss of the.

Arc-shaped baffles 3 are coaxially arranged below the three rollers 2 and the corresponding rollers 2, and the circumferential surfaces of the three rollers 2 arranged from top to bottom and the intervals of the corresponding baffles 3 are sequentially reduced. Baffle 3 all sets up to the round hole sieve portion that can filter the peony seed according to the particle size in one section near the dog-house, and the three baffle 3 that from top to bottom set up goes up the sieve mesh aperture of round hole sieve portion and also reduces the setting according to proper order. A grading area is formed between the circular hole sieve part and the roller 2, and in the oil peony seeds thrown into the oil peony sieve from the feed port, the particles are remained between the roller 2 at the top and the corresponding baffle 3 to the maximum extent. The middle size and the smallest oil peony seeds pass through the uppermost round hole sieve part and the first guide plate 10 arranged between the two classification areas to enter the classification area positioned in the middle, wherein the middle size oil peony seeds are retained between the roller 2 positioned in the middle and the corresponding baffle 3. In the same way, the smallest particles pass through the corresponding round hole sieve part and the first guide plate 10 positioned at the lowest part and then are retained between the lowest roller 2 and the corresponding baffle 3. And small impurities such as small stones mixed in the middle of the oil peony seeds and the like, incomplete development and unqualified oil peony seeds which are not suitable for oil extraction are discharged from the circular hole sieve part on the baffle plate 3 positioned at the lowest part and fall into a garbage bag for uniform treatment.

A shelling area is formed between the part of the baffle 3, which is far away from the round hole screen part, and the roller 2, which is positioned in the grading area, and a spiral blade 4 is arranged on the surface of the roller 2, which is similar to a spiral conveying auger in the prior art, so that the oil peony seeds staying in the grading area and having the same particle size can be conveyed to the shelling area when the roller 2 rotates. The blades 4 are arranged into the hairbrush, so that the oil peony seeds can be efficiently brushed out of the sieve pores of the circular hole sieve part through the hairbrush. Even interval is equipped with many clamp plates 8 on the section of thick bamboo face that is located the shelling district at cylinder 2, and interval between this clamp plate 8 and the baffle 3 sets up to be less than slightly and carries the diameter to the oil tree peony seed in this shelling district, makes clamp plate 8 when rotating along with cylinder 2, and clamp plate 8 can cooperate with baffle 3, rubs the breakage with the shell extrusion of oil tree peony seed. The discharge ports of the hulling region are arranged on the side wall of the machine shell 1 at the end part of the baffle plate 3 far away from the round hole screen part, and the invention is also provided with second guide plates 15 which guide the kernel-shell mixture to the cleaning unit at the positions of the three discharge ports respectively. In order to discharge the kernel-shell mixture in the shelling area from the discharge hole, a plurality of scraping plates 9 are obliquely arranged on the pressing plate 8, the principle of blades in a spiral conveying auger is simulated, and the scraping plates 9 on the pressing plate 8 are discontinuous, so that the kernel-shell mixture can intermittently move towards the discharge hole, and the oil peony seeds are repeatedly extruded and kneaded, and the shelling rate of the oil peony seeds is improved. The pressing plate 8 is made of rubber materials, has high toughness and certain elasticity, and can effectively break shells without damaging oil peony seeds.

The cleaning unit of the invention can be integrated with the grading hulling unit or be arranged in a split way, and the casters 18 are respectively arranged at the bottom of the machine shell 1 of the hulling unit and the bottom of the frame 5 of the cleaning unit, thereby facilitating the transfer of the invention and the butt joint of the cleaning unit and the grading hulling unit. The cleaning unit is arranged on one side of a discharge port on the machine shell 1 and comprises a frame 5, wherein a material collecting plate 6 and a fan 7 for separating the seed and the shell of the peony seeds through ventilation to the material collecting plate 6 are obliquely arranged on the frame 5. The air outlet of fan 7 sets up towards the bottom of 6 faces of material collecting plate, is equipped with the pterygoid lamina 16 that is used for preventing the material to splash in the both sides of material collecting plate 6, is provided with air regulation mechanism 17 on the air outlet of fan 7, can adjust to suitable wind speed according to different batches of oily tree peony seeds, when guaranteeing to blow away oily tree peony seed shell, avoids blowing away oily tree peony seed benevolence together. A finished product bag for receiving the peony seed kernels is arranged below the lower end of the material collecting plate 6.

In the implementation process of the invention, oil peony seeds are poured into the machine shell 1 at a constant speed through the feeding hopper 14, the oil peony seeds with the same particle size are conveyed to the same shelling area for shelling, all the kernel and shell mixed materials discharged from the three second flow guide plates 15 fall on the material collecting plate 6 and are subjected to the action of wind power in the process of sliding the material collecting plate 6 upwards and downwards, heavier peony seeds slide into a finished product bag arranged at the lower end of the material collecting plate 6, lighter oil peony seeds are blown out from the upper end of the material collecting plate 6, and if necessary, a container for receiving the oil peony seeds can be arranged at the upper end of the material collecting plate 6. So far, oil tree peony seed shelling is accomplished, need not carry out separately and grades or the edulcoration, convenient and fast, and degree of automation is high, very big improvement oil tree peony seed shelling efficiency.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a hierarchical shelling cleaning plant of oil tree peony seed which characterized in that: comprises a grading hulling unit and a cleaning unit, the grading hulling unit comprises a casing (1), a plurality of parallel rollers (2) are sequentially arranged in the casing (1) from top to bottom, an arc baffle (3) coaxial with the corresponding roller (2) is arranged below each roller (2), one section of each baffle (3) positioned at the same side is provided with a round hole sieve part capable of screening peony seeds according to the particle size, a grading area is formed between the round hole sieve part and the corresponding roller (2), a hulling area is formed between the rest parts of the baffle (3) except the round hole sieve part and the corresponding roller (2), spiral blades (4) used for conveying the peony seeds to the hulling area along the baffles (3) are arranged on the cylinder surface of the roller (2) positioned in the grading area, a hulling mechanism matched with the baffles (3) is arranged on the cylinder surface of the roller (2) positioned in the hulling area, a feeding port is arranged at the position of the top of the casing (1) corresponding to the grading area, a discharge port is arranged on the shell (1) at the position corresponding to the hulling area; the cleaning unit comprises a rack (5) arranged on one side of a discharge port on the machine shell (1), a material collecting plate (6) and a fan (7) used for separating the seed and the shell of the peony seeds by ventilating the material collecting plate (6) are obliquely arranged on the rack (5);

the hulling mechanism is provided with a plurality of pressing plates (8) arranged along the length direction of the roller (2), a plurality of scrapers (9) used for conveying the kernel-shell mixture in the hulling region to the discharge hole are obliquely arranged on the pressing plates (8) at intervals, and the pressing plates (8) are made of rubber materials;

the paddle (4) is a hairbrush.

2. The oil tree peony seed grading shelling cleaning plant of claim 1, characterized in that: the apertures of the round hole sieve parts on the plurality of baffles (3) arranged from top to bottom are reduced in sequence, and the spaces between the plurality of rollers (2) arranged from top to bottom and the corresponding baffles (3) are reduced in sequence.

3. The oil tree peony seed grading shelling cleaning plant of claim 1, characterized in that: the quantity of cylinder (2) is three, and three cylinder (2) are the echelonment and distribute in casing (1), all are equipped with first guide plate (10) between dog-house and the classification district that is located the top and between the classification district of two arbitrary adjacent cylinders (2), and three cylinder (2) all include a pivot (11), and the both ends of pivot (11) are rotatable setting respectively in being fixed in the bearing frame on casing (1) lateral wall.

4. The oil tree peony seed grading shelling cleaning plant of claim 3, characterized in that: the rotary shaft (11) is provided with a belt pulley (12) at one end back to the discharge hole, the bottom of the casing (1) is provided with a motor (13), the motor (13) drives the roller (2) at the bottom to rotate through a belt, and the roller (2) at the top is sequentially driven to rotate through the belt by the roller (2) at the bottom.

5. The oil tree peony seed grading shelling cleaning plant of claim 1, characterized in that: the casing (1) is provided with a conical feeding hopper (14) at a feeding port, and a second guide plate (15) which faces to a material collecting plate (6) on the cleaning unit is arranged at a discharging port and inclines to the side wall of the casing (1).

6. The oil tree peony seed grading shelling cleaning plant of claim 1, characterized in that: the air outlet of the fan (7) is arranged towards the bottom end of the surface of the material collecting plate (6), wing plates (16) used for preventing materials from splashing are arranged on two sides of the material collecting plate (6), and an air volume adjusting mechanism (17) is arranged at the air outlet of the fan (7).

7. The oil tree peony seed grading shelling cleaning plant of claim 1, characterized in that: a finished product bag for accepting the peony seeds is arranged below the lower end of the material collecting plate (6), and a garbage bag for accepting unqualified peony seeds and impurities is arranged below the grading region of the roller (2) at the lowest part in the casing (1).

8. The oil tree peony seed grading shelling cleaning plant of claim 1, characterized in that: the grading hulling unit and the cleaning unit are split, and casters (18) are arranged at the bottom of the machine shell (1) of the split hulling unit and the bottom of the frame (5) of the cleaning unit.