CN114308614B - Hierarchical decortication cleaning plant of tea-oil camellia fruit - Google Patents

Hierarchical decortication cleaning plant of tea-oil camellia fruit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114308614B
CN114308614B CN202111474297.1A CN202111474297A CN114308614B CN 114308614 B CN114308614 B CN 114308614B CN 202111474297 A CN202111474297 A CN 202111474297A CN 114308614 B CN114308614 B CN 114308614B
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shelling
roller
fruits
tea
screen
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CN114308614A (en
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郭伟
廖强
方群
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Jiangxi Lvyexuan Biotechnology Co ltd
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Jiangxi Lvyexuan Biotechnology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil tea fruit production, in particular to a grading, peeling and cleaning device for oil tea fruits; the invention comprises a multi-layer roller classifier for classifying the oil tea fruits and a shelling vibration machine for bearing the oil tea fruits transmitted by the multi-layer roller classifier and shelling the oil tea fruits to separate tea shells from tea seeds; in the invention, the tea-oil camellia fruits are classified in size by a multi-layer roller classifier and then are separated from tea shells and tea seeds by a shelling vibrator; the tea seed sorting machine can separate tea shells from tea seeds thoroughly by sorting, and is suitable for large-scale production.

Description

Hierarchical decortication cleaning plant of tea-oil camellia fruit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil tea fruit production, in particular to a grading, husking and cleaning device for oil tea fruits.
Background
The oil tea is one of four woody edible oil materials in the world and is also a special woody oil plant in China, and the oil tea seed oil has high nutritional value and medical health care function because of the rich unsaturated fatty acid and nutritional vitamin. In recent years, the development of the oil tea industry is highly emphasized by all levels of governments, the scale development of the oil tea industry is more and more rapid, the development of the oil tea in China is continuously towards the intensive, large-scale and high-quality directions, and the higher requirements are put forward on the processing equipment of oil tea enterprises.
At present, camellia oleifera shelling production can not classify and sort to lead to follow-up camellia oleifera seed and camellia oleifera shell separation not thoroughly, because camellia oleifera fruit size is different, all camellia oleifera fruit get into single decortication equipment and easily cause the tea seed damage, and the tea seed is mutually doped with the tea shell after the decortication, and single decortication is difficult to thoroughly separate tea shell and tea seed mixture, and the later stage still needs the manual work to carefully select, and production efficiency is low, and is still wasted time and energy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention aims to provide a classification, husking and cleaning device for oil tea fruits, which is used for separating tea shells from tea seeds by a husking vibration machine after classifying the oil tea fruits in size by a multi-layer roller classifier.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the classification, peeling and cleaning device for the oil tea fruits comprises a multi-layer roller classifier for classifying the oil tea fruits and a peeling vibration machine for bearing the oil tea fruits transmitted by the multi-layer roller classifier and separating tea shells and tea seeds from the oil tea fruits.
As an improvement of the invention, the multi-layer roller classifier comprises a classifying frame, a roller motor, a roller main shaft, an outer layer roller, an inner layer roller and a feeding hopper, wherein the outer layer roller and the inner layer roller are sleeved on a large roller arranged in the classifying frame, the outer layer roller and the inner layer roller are connected with the roller motor arranged on the outer side of the classifying frame through the roller main shaft, and the feeding hopper is obliquely inserted into the large roller.
As a further improvement of the invention, the large roller is provided with an opening and the inner wall of the large roller is provided with a spiral sheet.
As a further improvement of the invention, an outer screen is arranged on the side wall of the outer roller, and circular screen holes are arranged on the outer screen.
As a further improvement of the invention, an inner layer screen is arranged on the side wall of the inner layer roller, and square screen holes are arranged on the inner layer screen.
As a still further improvement of the present invention, the length of the inner layer roller is smaller than that of the outer layer roller, and the oil tea fruits can be sorted by using the large roller, the inner layer roller and the outer layer roller.
As a still further improvement of the present invention, the multi-layer drum classifier can classify oil tea fruits into large fruits with a diameter of 35mm or more, medium fruits with a diameter of 22mm or more and a diameter of less than 35mm, and small fruits with a diameter of less than 22 mm.
As a further improvement of the invention, a material distributing device is arranged below the multilayer roller grader, and comprises a big fruit material distributing bin for bearing big fruits, a medium fruit material distributing bin for bearing medium fruits and a small fruit material distributing bin for bearing small fruits.
As a still further improvement of the present invention, the shelling and vibrating machine includes a shelling frame, a shelling device and a vibrating device, both of which are mounted on the shelling frame in a vertically positioned relationship.
As a further improvement of the invention, the vibrating device is connected to the shelling frame through two elastic supports, a vibrator is arranged on the vibrating device, the vibrating device comprises a vibrating room and a vibrating screen mechanism arranged in the vibrating room, and the vibrating screen mechanism comprises an upper screen and a lower screen.
In the invention, the tea-oil camellia fruits are classified in size by a multi-layer roller classifier and then are separated from tea shells and tea seeds by a shelling vibrator; the tea seed sorting machine can separate tea shells from tea seeds thoroughly by sorting, and is suitable for large-scale production.
Drawings
For ease of illustration, the invention is described in detail by the following preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a multi-layer drum classifier of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a shelling and vibrating machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a shelling and vibrating machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a shelling vibratory machine of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1-multilayer roller grader, 11-grading frame, 111-large roller, 112-spiral sheet, 113-large fruit discharge port, 114-medium fruit discharge port, 115-small fruit discharge port, 12-roller motor, 13-roller main shaft, 14-outer roller, 141-outer roller net, 142-round sieve net, 15-inner roller, 151-inner sieve net, 152-square sieve net, 16-feeding hopper, 2-shelling vibrator, 21-carefully chosen conveying pipeline, 22-shelling conveyor belt, 23-shelling frame, 24-shelling device, 241-shelling cylinder, 242-shelling motor, 243-shelling main shaft, 244-shelling tray, 245-shelling rod, 246-shelling feeding hopper, 25-vibrating device, 251-elastic support, 252-vibrator, 253-vibrating room, 254-vibrating sieve mechanism, 255-upper sieve net, 256-lower sieve net, 3-distributing device, 31-large fruit distributing bin, 32-medium fruit distributing bin, 33-small fruit distributing bin, 34-large fruit conveying pipeline, 35-medium fruit conveying pipeline, 36-small fruit conveying pipeline.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a classification and decortication cleaning apparatus of oil tea fruits of the present invention comprises a multi-layer drum classifier 1 for classifying oil tea fruits and a shelling vibrator 2 for carrying the oil tea fruits transferred from the multi-layer drum classifier 1 and separating the shells and the tea seeds of the oil tea fruits.
In the invention, the multi-layer roller classifier 1 classifies the sizes of the tea fruits, and then a shelling vibrator 2 separates tea shells from tea seeds; the tea seed sorting machine can separate tea shells from tea seeds thoroughly by sorting, and is suitable for large-scale production.
In the invention, the multi-layer roller classifier 1 can sort oil tea fruits into big fruits with the diameter of more than or equal to 35mm, medium fruits with the diameter of more than or equal to 22mm and the diameter of less than 35mm and small fruits with the diameter of less than 22 mm; the lower part of the multilayer roller classifier 1 is provided with a material separating device 3, the material separating device 3 comprises a big fruit material separating bin 31 for bearing big fruits, a middle fruit material separating bin 32 for bearing middle fruits and a small fruit material separating bin 33 for bearing small fruits, the big fruit material separating bin 31, the middle fruit material separating bin 32 and the small fruit material separating bin 33 are used for conveying oil tea fruits into at least one shelling vibrator 2, preferably, the middle fruit material separating bin 32 can correspond to two shelling vibrators 2, because the number of the middle fruits is generally large, the big fruit material separating bin 31 is communicated with a big fruit discharge hole 113 through a big fruit conveying pipeline 34, the middle fruit material separating bin 32 is communicated with a middle fruit discharge hole 114 through a middle fruit conveying pipeline 35, and the small fruit material separating bin 33 is communicated with a small fruit discharge hole 115 through a small fruit conveying pipeline 36.
The multi-layer roller classifier 1 comprises a classifying frame 11, a roller motor 12, a roller main shaft 13, an outer layer roller 14, an inner layer roller 15 and a feeding hopper 16, wherein the outer layer roller 14 and the inner layer roller 15 are sleeved on a large roller 111 in the classifying frame 11 and are connected with the roller motor 12 arranged at the outer side of the classifying frame 11 through the roller main shaft 13, a spiral sheet 112 is arranged on the inner wall of the large roller 111, the large roller 111 is arranged as an opening, one end of the feeding hopper 16 is used for feeding and the other end of the feeding hopper is obliquely inserted into the large roller 111, an outer layer roller and an inner layer roller are arranged on the classifying frame 11, the outer side end of the outer layer roller 14 can rotate on the outer layer roller, the outer side end of the inner layer roller 15 can rotate on the inner layer roller, an outer layer screen 141 is arranged on the side wall of the outer layer roller 14, a round sieve mesh 142 with the diameter of 22mm is arranged on the outer layer screen 141, the side wall of the inner layer roller 15 is provided with an inner layer screen 151, the inner layer screen 151 is provided with square screen holes 152 with the diameter of 35mm, the length of the inner layer roller 15 is smaller than that of the outer layer roller 14, oil tea fruits can be sorted by the aid of the large roller 111, the inner layer roller 15 and the outer layer roller 14, the oil tea fruits are sorted into big fruits with the diameter of more than or equal to 35mm, medium fruits with the diameter of more than or equal to 22mm and the diameter of less than 35mm and small fruits with the diameter of less than 22mm, a big fruit discharge hole 113, a medium fruit discharge hole 114 and a small fruit discharge hole 115 are formed in the bottom of the large roller 111, the big fruit discharge hole 113 is aligned with an outer side outlet of the large roller 111, the medium fruit discharge hole 114 corresponds to an outer layer screen 141 area of the outer layer roller 14, and the small fruit discharge hole 115 corresponds to an inner layer screen 151 area of the inner layer roller 15.
Specifically, in the multilayer roller classifier 1, the feeding hopper 16 is used for feeding, tea fruits naturally fall into the hopper 16 through a pipeline, the inner layer screen 151 is designed into a straight cylinder structure, the screen hole is square, the side length is 35mm, the outer layer screen 141 is conical, the screen hole is round, the diameter of the screen hole is 22mm, the big fruit discharge hole 113, the middle fruit discharge hole 114 and the small fruit discharge hole 115 respectively correspond to big, middle and small tea fruits, and classification of the tea fruits is realized through different screen holes after the tea fruits enter the multilayer roller classifier 1, so that the shelling efficiency can be improved and the breakage rate can be reduced through classification.
In the present invention, the shelling vibrator 2 is connected with the large fruit material distributing bin 31 or the medium fruit material distributing bin 32 or the small fruit material distributing bin 33 through a cloth bag, that is, the large fruit material distributing bin 31 can transmit the large fruit to a shelling vibrator specially used for shelling the large fruit, the medium fruit material distributing bin 32 can transmit the medium fruit to a shelling vibrator specially used for shelling the medium fruit, and the small fruit material distributing bin 33 can transmit the small fruit to a shelling vibrator specially used for shelling the small fruit.
The invention provides an embodiment of a shelling vibration machine 2, wherein the shelling vibration machine 2 comprises a shelling frame 23, a shelling device 24 and a vibration device 25, the shelling device 24 and the vibration device 25 are arranged on the shelling frame 23 in an up-down position, the shelling device 24 comprises a shelling cylinder 241, a shelling motor 242, a shelling main shaft 243, shelling discs 244 and shelling rods 245, a shelling feed hopper 246 is arranged at the upper part of the shelling cylinder 241, an opening is arranged at the lower part of the shelling cylinder, a circular screen is arranged at the opening, circular screen holes with the diameter of 24mm are arranged on the circular screen holes, the shelling motor 242 is arranged at the outer side of the shelling cylinder 241, two shelling discs 244 are respectively arranged at two ends in the shelling cylinder 241, the shelling motor 242 is connected with the two shelling discs 244 through the shelling main shaft 243, 3 shelling rods 245 are arranged in a staggered mode, the two ends of the shelling rods 245 are respectively connected with the two shelling discs 244, and the two adjacent shelling rods 245 form a wedge space.
Wherein, vibrating device 25 passes through two elastic support 251 to be connected on shelling frame 23, installs vibrator 252 on the vibrating device 25, and vibrating device 25 includes vibrating room 253 and installs the shale shaker mechanism 254 in vibrating room 253, and shale shaker mechanism 254 includes upper screen 255 and lower screen 256, and the sieve mesh of upper screen 255 is the circular hole, and lower screen 256 is in the lower floor of upper screen 255, and the sieve mesh of lower screen 256 is crescent.
Specifically, the shelling rod 245 is provided with a double-layer shelling rod to form a wedge-shaped space, two circumferences of the shelling rod 245 are uniformly distributed on the shelling disc 244, the shelling disc 244 is installed in a conical shape by the shelling disc 244 with unequal left and right directions and staggered by 20-30 degrees, a small shelling disc is installed near a feeding end to form a wedge-shaped shelling chamber with a big front part and a small back part, tea fruits can be conveyed when the shelling rod 245 rotates, the tea fruits enter the wedge-shaped shelling chamber through the shelling feeding hopper 246, the tea fruits are impacted and extruded between the shelling rod 245 and the tea fruits in the double-layer wedge-shaped space to separate the shells from seeds, the tea fruits enter the vibrating screen mechanism 254 through a roller screen hole for screening, the vibrating screen mechanism 254 is divided into three layers, an upper screen 255 is installed on the upper layer for separating larger tea shells, the lower screen 255 is designed into round holes, the lower screen 255 is installed on the lower layer, the screen 255 is designed into a crescent shape, the smaller broken tea shells in the sorting process can be effectively separated, the tea shells are separated from the discharging port into the middle layer under the action of the vibrator 252, and the tea shells are separated from the discharging port to enter the shelling conveyor 22 for packaging and are separated into the tea seeds under the action of the vibrator 252.
The dehulling vibrator 2 conveys the separated tea seeds to the visual concentrator through a concentrating conveyor line 21, while the dehulling vibrator 2 conveys the separated tea shells to the baler through a dehulling conveyor 22.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (1)

1. The classification, peeling and cleaning device for the oil tea fruits is characterized by comprising a multi-layer roller classifier for classifying the oil tea fruits and a peeling vibration machine for bearing the oil tea fruits transmitted by the multi-layer roller classifier and separating tea shells and tea seeds from the oil tea fruits; the multi-layer roller grader comprises a grading frame, a roller motor, a roller main shaft, an outer roller, an inner roller and a feeding hopper, wherein the outer roller and the inner roller are sleeved on a large roller arranged in the grading frame, the outer roller and the inner roller are connected with the roller motor arranged on the outer side of the grading frame through the roller main shaft, and the feeding hopper is obliquely inserted into the large roller; the big roller is provided with a spiral sheet for opening, the side wall of the outer roller is provided with an outer layer screen mesh, the outer layer screen mesh is provided with a round screen mesh, the side wall of the inner layer roller is provided with an inner layer screen mesh, the inner layer screen mesh is provided with a square screen mesh, the length of the inner layer roller is smaller than that of the outer layer roller, the big roller, the inner layer roller and the outer layer roller are utilized to sort oil tea fruits, a material distributing device is arranged below the multi-layer roller classifier, the material distributing device comprises a big fruit material distributing bin for bearing big fruits, a middle fruit material distributing bin for bearing middle fruits and a small fruit material distributing bin for bearing small fruits, and the multi-layer roller classifier can sort the oil tea fruits into big fruits with diameters larger than or equal to 35mm, middle fruits with diameters larger than or equal to 22mm and small fruits with diameters smaller than 22 mm; the shelling vibrator comprises a shelling frame, a shelling device and a vibrating device, wherein the shelling device and the vibrating device are arranged on the shelling frame and are in an up-down position relationship; the vibrating device is connected to the shelling frame through two elastic supports, a vibrator is arranged on the vibrating device, the vibrating device comprises a vibrating room and a vibrating screen mechanism arranged in the vibrating room, and the vibrating screen mechanism comprises an upper screen and a lower screen; the shelling device comprises a shelling cylinder, a shelling motor, a shelling main shaft, shelling discs and shelling rods, wherein the upper part of the shelling cylinder is provided with a shelling feed hopper, the lower part of the shelling cylinder is provided with an opening, a circular screen is arranged at the opening, a circular screen hole with the diameter of 24mm is arranged on the circular screen, the shelling motor is arranged at the outer side of the shelling cylinder, two shelling discs are respectively positioned at two ends in the shelling cylinder, the shelling motor is connected with the two shelling discs through the shelling main shaft, 3 shelling rods are arranged in a staggered way and are respectively connected with the two shelling discs at two ends, the shelling rods are provided with double-layer shelling rods to form a wedge-shaped space, the circumferences of the two ends of the shelling rods are uniformly distributed on the shelling discs, the shelling disc is installed in a conical shape by the direct unequal shelling disc at left and right sides and staggered by 20-30 degrees according to the left rotation direction, a small shelling disc is installed close to a feeding end to form a wedge-shaped shelling chamber with big front and small back, tea fruits can be conveyed when the shelling rod rotates, the tea fruits enter the wedge-shaped shelling chamber through a shelling feeding hopper, the tea fruits are impacted and extruded between the shelling rod and the tea fruits in a double-layer wedge-shaped space to separate the shells from seeds, the tea fruits enter a vibrating screen mechanism through a roller sieve hole to screen, the vibrating screen mechanism is divided into three layers of spaces, an upper screen is installed on an upper layer and used for separating larger tea shells, the screen is designed into round holes, a lower screen is installed on the upper screen and the lower layer, the screen mesh is designed into a crescent shape.
CN202111474297.1A 2021-12-06 2021-12-06 Hierarchical decortication cleaning plant of tea-oil camellia fruit Active CN114308614B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114950946A (en) * 2022-05-27 2022-08-30 兰州工业学院 Sieving mechanism is used in rhubarb processing based on machine vision screening

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CN106333373A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-01-18 江西绿野轩生物科技有限公司 Complete equipment for shelling camellia oleifera fruits
CN106473166A (en) * 2016-09-29 2017-03-08 清华大学 The camellia oleifera fruit fresh fruit shelling cleaner rubbing combination with the hands and method are ground in a kind of cutting
CN206794137U (en) * 2017-02-08 2017-12-26 浙江工业职业技术学院 A kind of camellia oleifera fruit classification hulling device
CN207770285U (en) * 2017-12-11 2018-08-28 赣南医学院 A kind of camellia oleifera fruit shelling color-selection apparatus
CN208018913U (en) * 2018-01-16 2018-10-30 安徽科技学院 A kind of multi-layer drum-type grain cleaner
CN108903002A (en) * 2018-08-30 2018-11-30 湖南省林业科学院 A kind of camellia fruit shelling system
CN109007874A (en) * 2018-10-11 2018-12-18 国家林业局哈尔滨林业机械研究所 The multistage hulling device cleaned based on the shelling of multichannel stagewise oil tea fresh fruit
CN111642757A (en) * 2020-08-06 2020-09-11 江西农业大学 Method and equipment for shelling and screening camellia oleifera fruits

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2714175Y (en) * 2004-03-04 2005-08-03 刘清生 Nut grader
CN103271415A (en) * 2013-06-15 2013-09-04 湖南省林业科学院 Rub type shelling and sorting machine for camellia fruits
CN104438040A (en) * 2014-12-21 2015-03-25 遵义联谷农业科技有限公司 Organic fertilizer roller screening device
CN104998816A (en) * 2015-07-01 2015-10-28 中南林业科技大学 Double vibration shucking and separation method and device for oil camellia fruits
CN205585260U (en) * 2016-03-24 2016-09-21 江西农业大学 Shell seed benevolence sorter is broken to tea -oil camellia
CN106333373A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-01-18 江西绿野轩生物科技有限公司 Complete equipment for shelling camellia oleifera fruits
CN106473166A (en) * 2016-09-29 2017-03-08 清华大学 The camellia oleifera fruit fresh fruit shelling cleaner rubbing combination with the hands and method are ground in a kind of cutting
CN206794137U (en) * 2017-02-08 2017-12-26 浙江工业职业技术学院 A kind of camellia oleifera fruit classification hulling device
CN207770285U (en) * 2017-12-11 2018-08-28 赣南医学院 A kind of camellia oleifera fruit shelling color-selection apparatus
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CN111642757A (en) * 2020-08-06 2020-09-11 江西农业大学 Method and equipment for shelling and screening camellia oleifera fruits

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