CN111213877A - 一种具有调节机体代谢功能的代餐粉及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有调节机体代谢功能的代餐粉及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有调节机体代谢功能的代餐粉及其制备方法，本发明添加了纤维含量高的谷物、多种膳食纤维、以及药食同源活性成分，利用了中医药理论以及现代药理研究结果进行科学组方。将此功能性配方粉制成功能性食品，并且通过动物实验对此功能性配方粉的功效进行了验证，结果表明，此功能性配方粉能够抑制体重增长、减少体内脂肪蓄积，提高机体的胰岛素的敏感性，降低胆固醇和甘油三酯含量，具有很好的代谢调节作用。适用于不同人群。本食品不含任何香精、食用色素和防腐剂，产品食用安全。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品加工领域，涉及一种具有调节机体代谢功能的代餐粉及其制备方法。
背景技术
我国正处于重要的社会转型期和经济的快速增长期，人们的生存环境和生活方式了变化，社会老龄化与肥胖逐渐流行，机体代谢功能紊乱现象也呈现上升趋势。由于代谢功能紊乱与多种代谢类慢性疾病(代谢综合征，糖尿病，严重肥胖)密切相关，预防和调节机体的代谢紊乱对改善机体的肥胖及代谢综合征(高血糖，高血脂，高胆固醇，中心性肥胖等)有重要意义。饮食控制和运动疗法是代谢性疾病长期干预的基础措施。由于代谢功能紊乱已经严重危害人类健康，所以开发能够有效改善代谢功能的代餐食品非常重要。常规的饮食控制，由于机体摄入营养成分少，且摄入的食物功能单一，难以对代谢起到很好的调节作用，并且可能会导致营养不良。因此开发合理膳食的功能性代餐粉具有重要意义。
膳食纤维能够调节肠道菌群组成，调节肠道微环境。研究表明肠道菌群与代谢综合征，糖尿病等多种疾病都有密切关系，调节肠道菌群可以有效的改善机体的代谢功能，有利于身体健康。燕麦、苦荞、薏仁等多种谷物中纤维含量较高，并且含有多种生物活性成分，具有降血糖、降血脂、提高胰岛素敏感性和抗氧化等功能。此外多种药食同源物质如芹菜、茶叶、蓝莓、西蓝花中含有大量的黄酮类衍生物，香豆素衍生物等，具有降低改善血脂，降低胆固醇降压的作用，芹菜素对脂肪肝也具有一定的改善作用；茶叶提取物茶多酚能够改善代谢综合征患者的糖脂代谢。
所以开发一种富含膳食纤维、多种功能性高纤维谷物和药食同源物质的速食代餐粉可以对机体代谢功能起到调节作用，适用于不同人群。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有调节机体代谢功能的代餐粉及其制备方法。
一种具有调节机体代谢功能的代餐粉由以下重量份数配比的原料组成：
燕麦粉全粉5-25份、富硒麦芽粉1-10份、苦荞粉5-15份、薏仁粉5-15份、白芸豆粉3-10份、红豆粉5-15份、山药粉5-15份、莲子粉2-10份、葛根粉2-15份、菊粉5-15份、低聚果糖2-15份、低聚异麦芽糖2-15份、抗性糊精5-20份、木糖醇2-10份、左旋肉碱0.3-10份，茯苓粉0.5-10份，黑木耳粉0.05-5份，芹菜粉0.05-5份、苦瓜粉0.01-5份，绿茶粉0.01-5份，西蓝花粉0.01-3份，蓝莓粉0.01-3份，葡萄粉0.01-3份，橙子粉0.01-2份。
在上述技术方案中，所述燕麦全粉、苦荞粉、薏仁粉、白芸豆粉、红豆粉、山药粉、莲子粉、葛根粉、茯苓粉、富硒麦芽粉经过烘焙、破壁、熟化、灭酶失活、均质、冷冻干燥和气流粉碎等工艺制备获得。
在上述技术方案中，所述芹菜粉、苦瓜粉，绿茶粉，西蓝花粉，采取低温干燥，气流粉碎技术，最大程度的保持成分的活性。
在上述技术方案中，所述蓝莓粉，葡萄粉，橙子粉等采取压榨，取汁，过滤浓缩，喷雾干燥等工艺制备。
在上述技术方案中，所述菊粉、低聚果糖、低聚异麦芽糖和抗性糊精等多种膳食纤维的量在25-40％。
在上述技术方案中，所述富硒麦芽粉，代餐粉中最终的硒含量在100-500微克/千克，有助于调节机体免疫。
在上述技术方案中，所述木糖醇作为矫味剂，不添加蔗糖；所述左旋肉碱有助于加快脂肪代谢；所述黑木耳粉，苦瓜粉，有助于调节血脂。
在上述技术方案中，所述燕麦粉由全燕麦制成。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种功能性食品，所述功能性食品包含上述代餐粉及功能性食品可以接受的辅料。
与现有技术相比，本代餐粉中1)含有大量的高纤维和药食同源的谷物及蔬果，如燕麦、苦荞、薏仁等，保证机体的基础能量供应，且可以提高饱腹感，减少食物摄入量，促进胃肠蠕动，并且这些药食同源成分中含有多种生物活性成分，具有降血糖、降血脂、提高胰岛素敏感性，抗氧化，抑制肠道炎症，健脾利湿等功能；2)添加了多种水溶性膳食纤维，菊粉，低聚果糖，低聚异麦芽糖，抗性淀粉，为多种益生菌提供最适益生元，从而调节肠道菌群组成，改善肠道健康，调节机体代谢功能；3)代谢功能异常通常伴随免疫力低下，二者相互影响，导致身体机能下降，代餐粉中添加富硒谷物，可以提高机体的免疫力，增强抵抗力，并且具有抗氧化，抗炎的作用，增强机体的代谢功能；4)左旋肉碱可以加速脂肪代谢，加快机体的能量代谢。上述有效成分可以起到协同作用，共同调节机体代谢功能，起到降低体重，改善血脂异常的功能。
本发明将上述改善代谢综合征的配方粉制成功能性食品，最终产品携带方便，易于食用，适用于不同人群。
附图说明
图1为效果例1中各组小鼠每周的平均体重变化趋势；
图2为效果例1中各组小鼠空腹血糖浓度平均值；
图3为效果例1中各组小鼠血清中胰岛素平均含量；
图4为效果例1中各组小鼠胰岛素抵抗指数平均值；
图5为效果例1中各组小鼠口服糖耐量检测血糖-时间变化曲线；
图6为效果例1中各组小鼠糖耐量曲线下面积；
图7为效果例1中各组小鼠各脏器指数平均值；
图8为效果例1中各组小鼠血脂参数平均值。
对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，可以根据以上附图获得其他的相关附图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种具有调节机体代谢功能的代餐粉(代号为TEID-001)，包括以下重量份数配比的原料：燕麦粉全粉5份、富硒麦芽粉1份、苦荞粉5份、薏仁粉5份、白芸豆粉3份、红豆粉5份、山药粉5份、莲子粉2份、葛根粉2份、菊粉5份、低聚果糖2份、低聚异麦芽糖2份、抗性糊精5份、木糖醇2份、左旋肉碱0.3份，茯苓粉0.5份，黑木耳粉0.05份，芹菜粉0.05份、苦瓜粉0.01份，绿茶粉0.01份，西蓝花粉0.01份，蓝莓粉0.01份，葡萄粉0.01份，橙子粉0.01份。
制备方法：将燕麦、苦荞、薏仁、白芸豆、红豆、山药、莲子、葛根经过烘焙、破壁、熟化、灭酶失活、均质、冷冻干燥和气流粉碎等工艺制备得到超细粉。将芹菜粉、苦瓜粉，绿茶粉，西蓝花粉，采取低温干燥，气流粉碎技术，最大程度的保持成分的活性；将蓝莓粉，葡萄粉，橙子粉等采取压榨，取汁，过滤浓缩，喷雾干燥等工艺制备。上述粉末过80-100目筛后，按照配方称取各原料，混合均匀，即得终产品的代餐粉。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种具有调节机体代谢功能的代餐粉(代号为TEID-002)，包括以下重量份数配比的原料：燕麦粉全粉15.8份、富硒麦芽粉8份、苦荞粉8份、薏仁粉8份、白芸豆粉6份、红豆粉8份、山药粉8份、莲子粉4份、葛根粉6份、菊粉8份、低聚果糖5份、低聚异麦芽糖5份、抗性糊精13份、木糖醇2.2份、左旋肉碱3份，茯苓粉1.3份，黑木耳粉0.4份，芹菜粉0.2份、苦瓜粉0.1份，绿茶粉0.3份，西蓝花粉0.06份，蓝莓粉0.05份，葡萄粉0.05份，橙子粉0.04份。
制备方法：将燕麦、苦荞、薏仁、白芸豆、红豆、山药、莲子、葛根经过烘焙、破壁、熟化、灭酶失活、均质、冷冻干燥和气流粉碎等工艺制备得到超细粉。将芹菜粉、苦瓜粉，绿茶粉，西蓝花粉，采取低温干燥，气流粉碎技术，最大程度的保持成分的活性；将蓝莓粉，葡萄粉，橙子粉等采取压榨，取汁，过滤浓缩，喷雾干燥等工艺制备。上述粉末过80-100目筛后，按照配方称取各原料，混合均匀，即得终产品的代餐粉。
实施例3
本发明实施例提供了一种具有调节机体代谢功能的代餐粉(代号为TEID-003)，其中包括以下重量份数配比的原料：燕麦粉全粉25份、富硒麦芽粉10份、苦荞粉15份、薏仁粉15份、白芸豆粉10份、红豆粉15份、山药粉15份、莲子粉10份、葛根粉15份、菊粉15份、低聚果糖15份、低聚异麦芽糖15份、抗性糊精20份、木糖醇10份、左旋肉碱10份，茯苓粉10份，黑木耳粉5份，芹菜粉5份、苦瓜粉5份，绿茶粉5份，西蓝花粉3份，蓝莓粉3份，葡萄粉3份，橙子粉2份。
制备方法：将燕麦、苦荞、薏仁、白芸豆、红豆、山药、莲子、葛根经过烘焙、破壁、熟化、灭酶失活、均质、冷冻干燥和气流粉碎等工艺制备得到超细粉。将芹菜粉、苦瓜粉，绿茶粉，西蓝花粉，采取低温干燥，气流粉碎技术，最大程度的保持成分的活性；将蓝莓粉，葡萄粉，橙子粉等采取压榨，取汁，过滤浓缩，喷雾干燥等工艺制备。上述粉末过80-100目筛后，按照配方称取各原料，混合均匀，即得。
实施例4
本发明实施例提供了一种具有代谢调节功能的功能性食品，其原料同实施例1。
制备方法：按实施例1的制备方法制成配方粉后，压制成饼干即得。
效果例1
本效果例提供了一种具有代谢调节功能的(TEID-001)的改善肥胖以及代谢功能异常的实验结果：
1、实验动物：C57/BL6雄性小鼠，体重18-20g，随机分为低脂对照组(control)，高脂肥胖组(model)，TEID-001饲喂组，每组15只，将各组实验小鼠放入小鼠饲养笼内饲喂，每笼五只。
2、动物饲料：低脂对照组喂食普通饲料，高脂肥胖组和TEID-001组喂食高脂饲料，连续8周。第9周开始TEID-001组喂食含有30％TEID-001配方粉的高脂饲料，其余两组不变，再连续喂食6周。
3、实验内容：实验过程中每周记录小鼠的体重和摄食量。小鼠在饲喂6周时对其进行葡萄糖耐量试验，禁食不禁水10h后，灌胃葡萄糖(2g/kg B.W.)，在0h、0.5h、1h、2h四个时间点从小鼠尾静脉处收集适量血液，使用血糖仪测定其血糖值。末次喂食后，禁食不禁水10h，摘眼球取血致死，分离血清，检测TC、TG、HDL、LDL、葡萄糖浓度。仔细摘取小鼠肝脏、肾脏、脂肪和胰腺，提取总脂质，分别对各脏器TC、TG含量进行测定。
4、实验结果：
由图1可知，高脂肥胖组小鼠较低脂对照组表现出了肥胖症状，其体重增加量显著高于低脂对照组，表明形成了肥胖模型。在喂食TEID-001配方粉后，小鼠体重明显降低，表明TEID-001配方粉具有显著的抑制体重增长的作用(*P<0.05)。
图2，3表明高脂饲料可以明显的提高小鼠的空腹血糖浓度和胰岛素含量，TEID-001配方粉可以显著降低血清中胰岛素水平(P<0.005)和血糖浓度(P<0.001)。对比分析HOMA-IR指数(HOMA-IR＝血糖浓度×胰岛素浓度/22.5)发现高脂肥胖组小鼠的HOMA-IR指数有了明显的提高(P<0.001)，表明其产生了胰岛素抵抗，TEID-001配方粉可以显著降低HOMA-IR指数(图4)，表明其可以非常有效的改善胰岛素抵抗。
如图5，6所示，各组小鼠血糖浓度在灌胃葡萄糖0.5h时均达到峰值，高脂肥胖组以及TEID-001组小鼠的血糖浓度均显著高于低脂对照组；2h时，低脂对照组和TEID-001组小鼠的血糖浓度水平大致恢复到正常水平。上述表明高脂饲料能够诱发糖耐量受损，而饲料中添加TEID-001配方粉则可以明显改善糖耐量受损(P<0.01)。
通过分析配方粉对小鼠脏器指数的影响(图7)，发现TEID-001组小鼠的脂肪组织重量(**P<0.01)及肝脏指数(***P<0.005)低于高脂肥胖组，表明TEID-001配方粉有减肥降脂的功效。各组动物肾脏、胰腺重量指数均没有出现明显差异，表明TEID-001配方粉对身体没有毒副作用。
由图8可知，高脂肥胖组小鼠血清中TC、TG、LDL的含量较低脂对照组均有显著的上升，在给予TEID-001配方粉后，TEID-001组的小鼠血清中TC、TG、LDL的含量较高脂肥胖组有了均有一定程度的降低，表明TEID-001配方粉能够降低小鼠血清脂质水平。
以上实验结果表明TEID-001配方粉具有改善肥胖和调节血脂参数，改善机体异常代谢的作用。
以上对本发明做了示例性的描述，应该说明的是，在不脱离本发明的核心的情况下，任何简单的变形、修改或者其他本领域技术人员能够不花费创造性劳动的等同替换均落入本发明的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种具有调节机体代谢功能的代餐粉，其特征在于，由以下重量份数配比的原料组成：燕麦粉全粉5-25份、富硒麦芽粉1-10份、苦荞粉5-15份、薏仁粉5-15份、白芸豆粉3-10份、红豆粉5-15份、山药粉5-15份、莲子粉2-10份、葛根粉2-15份、菊粉5-15份、低聚果糖2-15份、低聚异麦芽糖2-15份、抗性糊精5-20份、木糖醇2-10份、左旋肉碱0.3-10份，茯苓粉0.5-10份，黑木耳粉0.05-5份，芹菜粉0.05-5份、苦瓜粉0.01-5份，绿茶粉0.01-5份，西蓝花粉0.01-3份，蓝莓粉0.01-3份，葡萄粉0.01-3份，橙子粉0.01-2份。
2.如权利要求1所述的具有调节机体代谢功能的代餐粉，其特征在于，由以下重量份数配比的原料组成：燕麦粉全粉15.8份、富硒麦芽粉8份、苦荞粉8份、薏仁粉8份、白芸豆粉6份、红豆粉8份、山药粉8份、莲子粉4份、葛根粉6份、菊粉8份、低聚果糖5份、低聚异麦芽糖5份、抗性糊精13份、木糖醇2.2份、左旋肉碱3份，茯苓粉1.3份，黑木耳粉0.4份，芹菜粉0.2份、苦瓜粉0.1份，绿茶粉0.3份，西蓝花粉0.06份，蓝莓粉0.05份，葡萄粉0.05份，橙子粉0.04份。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的具有调节机体代谢功能的代餐粉制备方法，其特征在于：
步骤一、经过烘焙、破壁、熟化、灭酶失活、均质、冷冻干燥和气流粉碎制得谷物粉，所述谷物粉包括燕麦全粉、苦荞粉、薏仁粉、白芸豆粉、红豆粉、山药粉、莲子粉、葛根粉、茯苓粉和富硒麦芽粉；
步骤二、经过低温干燥和气流粉碎制得蔬菜粉，所述蔬菜粉包括芹菜粉、苦瓜粉、绿茶粉和西蓝花粉；
步骤三、经过压榨、取汁、过滤浓缩和喷雾干燥制得果物粉，所述果物粉包括蓝莓粉、葡萄粉和橙子粉；
步骤四、将步骤一、二、三中制得的所述谷物粉、蔬菜粉和果物粉经过80-100目筛后，再添加菊粉、低聚果糖、低聚异麦芽糖、抗性糊精、木糖醇和左旋肉碱，均匀混合后，进行包装得到终产品的代餐粉。
4.如权利要求1或2中所述的具有调节机体代谢功能的代餐粉，其特征在于：所述代餐粉中的硒含量为100-500微克/千克。
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