CN111004059A - Manufacturing, weeding and fertilizing method of multifunctional grass covering plate for orchard - Google Patents
Manufacturing, weeding and fertilizing method of multifunctional grass covering plate for orchard Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111004059A CN111004059A CN201911416358.1A CN201911416358A CN111004059A CN 111004059 A CN111004059 A CN 111004059A CN 201911416358 A CN201911416358 A CN 201911416358A CN 111004059 A CN111004059 A CN 111004059A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- orchard
- covering plate
- manufacturing
- straws
- multifunctional
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0281—Protective ground coverings for individual plants, e.g. for plants in pots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M21/00—Apparatus for the destruction of unwanted vegetation, e.g. weeds
- A01M21/02—Apparatus for mechanical destruction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard, which takes fresh plant straws as raw materials to carry out ammoniation treatment, wherein the ammoniation treatment method comprises the following steps: the straw sections are put into a closed ammoniation cellar, 3% -10% of urea aqueous solution is sprayed in layers, and a proper amount of nutrient solution containing potassium fertilizer, amino acid, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and microelements for fruit trees is sprayed in layers; and (4) compressing and molding the aminated straws to prepare a plate with the thickness of 0.3-2 cm. The invention also discloses a weeding and fertilizing method suitable for the orchard, which is characterized in that the multifunctional grass covering plate for the orchard is covered on the orchard soil, and fertilizers on the multifunctional grass covering plate for the orchard are released into the soil while covering and weeding are carried out. The method can realize the comprehensive utilization of the plant straws, and the prepared multifunctional grass covering plate can fertilize the soil while weeding. After the decomposition, soil organic matters can be increased, and the organic fertilizer is changed into organic fertilizer waste for utilization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an orchard cultivation method, in particular to a method for manufacturing a multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard; the invention also relates to a weeding and fertilizing method suitable for the orchard.
Background
Most fruit trees planted in the orchard are perennial trees, roots of the fruit trees are mostly present in cultivated lands for planting the fruit trees, and the roots of the fruit trees are especially developed and intertwined with each other, so that the soil in the orchard cannot be ploughed in the planting process.
In the prior art, the weeding method suitable for the orchard mainly comprises shallow ploughing weeding, herbicide application or manual weed pulling. The labor efficiency of manual weeding operation is low, and the manual weeding device is not suitable for the current situation that the labor cost is gradually improved. The application of the herbicide can not only damage the root system of the fruit tree, but also cause the soil quality to be reduced and influence the yield and the quality of the fruit. The shallow ploughing has poor weeding effect and has the possibility of damaging the root system of the fruit tree.
In the production practice of planting fruit trees, people continuously explore novel weeding methods, wherein the weeding method is one method by covering with mulching films, and is convenient and practical. However, after long-term practice, it has been found that weeding fruit tree fields by mulching also has the following adverse effects:
firstly, the use time is short, the damage is easy, part of weeds can penetrate through the mulching film, the weeding effect is influenced, and the labor efficiency is reduced;
secondly, the air permeability of the mulching film is poor, the growth and development of crop roots are influenced, and the quality of cultivated land is not maintained;
thirdly, the soil at the root of the plant is extremely easy to overheat due to the mulching, and the root system is burnt out to cause the death of the plant;
and fourthly, the waste water is not easy to recycle, and causes white pollution and environmental problems.
Therefore, the research on a novel orchard weeding method is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides a novel method for manufacturing a multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard.
The invention aims to solve another technical problem of providing a weeding and fertilizing method suitable for an orchard.
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical means. The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) taking fresh plant straws as raw materials, cutting the fresh plant straws into straw sections with the length of less than 20cm, and keeping the water content at 20-28%;
(2) performing ammoniation treatment on the straw sections treated in the step (1), wherein the ammoniation treatment method comprises the following steps: putting the straw sections into a closed ammoniation cellar, spraying urea aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 3% -10% layer by layer, spraying 20-25 kg of urea aqueous solution to every 100 kg of straws, then spraying a proper amount of nutrient solution containing potassium fertilizer, amino acid, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and microelements for fruit trees layer by layer, and ammoniating for 10-20 days at the temperature of 15-30 ℃;
(3) taking out the aminated straws, and compression molding to obtain sheet with thickness of 0.3-2 cm.
The potash fertilizer, the amino acid, the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphatic fertilizer and the trace elements for fruit trees are all fertilizers which are disclosed and sold in the prior art and are suitable for fruit trees.
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard, which further preferably adopts the technical scheme that in the step (3), a plurality of circular holes are pressed in a plate material during compression molding and used for accommodating roots of fruit trees, and the circular holes are provided with through seams leading to the edges of the plate material and used for enabling the roots of the fruit trees to reach the circular holes through the through seams during laying.
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard, which further preferably adopts the technical scheme that in the step (3), a plurality of arc-shaped holes are pressed at the edge part of a plate material during compression molding and are used for being butted with the arc-shaped holes of other plate materials to form a containing hole for containing the root part of a fruit tree.
The manufacturing method of the multifunctional grass covering plate for the orchard is further preferably characterized in that in the step (2), the mass concentration of each nutrient raw material in the nutrient solution is not lower than 1% and not higher than 10%; and the weight of the nutrient solution added into each 100 kilograms of straws is 20 to 25 kilograms. The nutrient raw materials in the nutrient solution are preferably slow-release fertilizers and can also be common non-slow-release fertilizers.
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard, which adopts a further preferable technical scheme that in the step (3), a proper amount of food-grade adhesive is added during compression molding. The binder is added for better molding, and when the molding pressure is sufficient, no binder may be used. The compression molding method can adopt the prior art plate making method, and the density of the prepared multifunctional grass covering plate is low-density plate, and the density is generally about 80-200 Kg/m in the process of carrying out heavy labor.
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard, which adopts a further preferable technical scheme that in the step (3), straws are crushed to be 1-2 cm in length before compression molding, the water content of the straws is controlled, and the water content of the plate is controlled to be 5-15% after compression molding.
The invention also discloses a weeding and fertilizing method suitable for an orchard, which is characterized in that the multifunctional grass covering plate for the orchard, which is prepared by the manufacturing method of any one of claims 1-7, is covered on orchard soil, and fertilizer on the multifunctional grass covering plate for the orchard is released into the soil while covering and weeding are carried out.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method can realize the comprehensive utilization of the plant straws, and the prepared multifunctional grass covering plate has the weeding function, solves the problems of damage of the herbicide to fruit trees, soil residue and soil pollution, and improves the fruit quality; the prepared multifunctional grass covering plate also has a fertilizing function, and can fertilize soil while weeding. After the multifunctional grass covering plate is used for a long time and becomes thoroughly decomposed, soil organic matters can be increased, and organic fertilizer waste utilization is achieved.
Detailed Description
The following further describes particular embodiments of the present invention to facilitate further understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and does not constitute a limitation to the right thereof.
Embodiment 1, a method for manufacturing a multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard comprises the following steps:
(1) taking fresh plant straws as raw materials, cutting into straw sections with the length of 10cm, and keeping the water content at 25%;
(2) performing ammoniation treatment on the straw sections treated in the step (1), wherein the ammoniation treatment method comprises the following steps: putting the straw sections into a closed ammoniation cellar, spraying urea aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 10% layer by layer, spraying 20 kilograms of urea aqueous solution to every 100 kilograms of straws, spraying a proper amount of nutrient solution containing potassium fertilizer, amino acid, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and microelements for fruit trees layer by layer, and ammoniating for 20 days at the temperature of 15-20 ℃;
(3) taking out the aminated straws, and compression molding to obtain a plate with a thickness of 1 cm.
In step (3), during compression molding, a plurality of circular holes are pressed in the plate and used for containing the roots of the fruit trees, and the circular holes are provided with passing seams leading to the edges of the plate and used for enabling the roots of the fruit trees to reach the circular holes through the passing seams when the fruit trees are laid.
In the step (2), the mass concentration of each nutrient raw material in the nutrient solution is 5-8%, and the mass of the nutrient solution added into each 100 kg of straws is 20 kg.
Embodiment 2, a method for manufacturing a multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard comprises the following steps:
(1) taking fresh plant straws as raw materials, cutting into straw sections with the length of 15cm, and keeping the water content at 20%;
(2) performing ammoniation treatment on the straw sections treated in the step (1), wherein the ammoniation treatment method comprises the following steps: putting the straw sections into a closed ammoniation cellar, spraying urea aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 5% layer by layer, spraying 25 kg of urea aqueous solution on each 100 kg of straws, spraying a proper amount of nutrient solution containing potassium fertilizer, amino acid, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and microelements for fruit trees layer by layer, and ammoniating for 10 days at the temperature of 25-30 ℃;
(3) taking out the aminated straws, and compression molding to obtain a plate with a thickness of 0.8 cm.
In the step (3), during compression molding, a plurality of arc-shaped holes are pressed at the edge of the plate and are used for being butted with the arc-shaped holes of other plates to form a containing hole for containing the root of the fruit tree.
In the step (2), the mass concentration of each nutrient raw material in the nutrient solution is 3-5%; and the weight of the nutrient solution added into each 100 kilograms of straws is 25 kilograms.
In the step (2), each nutrient raw material in the nutrient solution is a slow-release fertilizer.
In the step (3), a proper amount of food-grade binder is added during compression molding.
In the step (3), before compression molding, the straws are crushed to the length of 2cm, the water content of the straws is controlled, and after compression molding, the water content of the board is controlled to be 15%.
Example 3 is a weeding and fertilizing method suitable for an orchard, which uses the multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard manufactured by the manufacturing method described in example 1 or 2, and when the multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard is used, the multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard is covered on orchard soil, covering weeding is carried out, and meanwhile, fertilizers on the multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard are released into the soil. Through use verification, the multifunctional grass covering plate has the advantages that the service life is about 2-3 years, and the weeding and fertilizing effects are good.
Claims (8)
1. A manufacturing method of a multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard is characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking fresh plant straws as raw materials, cutting the fresh plant straws into straw sections with the length of less than 20cm, and keeping the water content at 20-28%;
performing ammoniation treatment on the straw sections treated in the step (1), wherein the ammoniation treatment method comprises the following steps: putting the straw sections into a closed ammoniation cellar, spraying urea aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 3% -10% layer by layer, spraying 20-25 kg of urea aqueous solution to every 100 kg of straws, then spraying a proper amount of nutrient solution containing potassium fertilizer, amino acid, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and microelements for fruit trees layer by layer, and ammoniating for 10-20 days at the temperature of 15-30 ℃;
taking out the aminated straws, and compression molding to obtain sheet with thickness of 0.3-2 cm.
2. The method for manufacturing a multifunctional grass-covering plate for an orchard according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), a plurality of circular holes are pressed in the plate material for accommodating roots of fruit trees during compression molding, the circular holes are provided with through seams leading to edges of the plate material, and the roots of fruit trees are laid through the through seams to reach the circular holes.
3. The method for manufacturing a multifunctional cover grass board for an orchard according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), a plurality of arc-shaped holes are pressed at the edge of the board during compression molding, and are used for butting with the arc-shaped holes of other boards to form a containing hole for containing the root of a fruit tree.
4. The manufacturing method of the multifunctional cover grass board for the orchard, according to the claim 1, is characterized in that in the step (2), the mass concentration of each nutrient raw material in the nutrient solution is not lower than 1% and not higher than 10%; and the weight of the nutrient solution added into each 100 kilograms of straws is 20 to 25 kilograms.
5. The method for manufacturing a multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard, according to claim 1 or 4, is characterized in that in the step (2), each nutrient raw material in the nutrient solution is a slow-release fertilizer.
6. The method for manufacturing a multifunctional cover glass for an orchard according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), a proper amount of food-grade adhesive is added during compression molding.
7. The method for manufacturing a multifunctional grass covering plate for an orchard according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the straws are crushed to a length of 1-2 cm before compression molding, the moisture content of the straws is controlled, and the moisture content of the plate is controlled to be 5% -15% after compression molding.
8. A weeding and fertilizing method suitable for an orchard, which is characterized in that the multifunctional grass covering plate for the orchard, prepared by the manufacturing method of any one of claims 1-7, is covered on orchard soil, and fertilizers on the multifunctional grass covering plate for the orchard are released into the soil while covering and weeding are carried out.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911416358.1A CN111004059A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Manufacturing, weeding and fertilizing method of multifunctional grass covering plate for orchard |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911416358.1A CN111004059A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Manufacturing, weeding and fertilizing method of multifunctional grass covering plate for orchard |
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| CN111004059A true CN111004059A (en) | 2020-04-14 |
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| CN201911416358.1A Pending CN111004059A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Manufacturing, weeding and fertilizing method of multifunctional grass covering plate for orchard |
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| CN (1) | CN111004059A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115885750A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-04-04 | 中国纺织科学研究院共青分院 | Preparation method of grass prevention cloth added with slow release fertilizer for navel orange planting |
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2019
- 2019-12-31 CN CN201911416358.1A patent/CN111004059A/en active Pending
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115885750A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-04-04 | 中国纺织科学研究院共青分院 | Preparation method of grass prevention cloth added with slow release fertilizer for navel orange planting |
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