CN108409379A - One elite stand fruit branch crushes compost method - Google Patents
One elite stand fruit branch crushes compost method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108409379A CN108409379A CN201810590999.8A CN201810590999A CN108409379A CN 108409379 A CN108409379 A CN 108409379A CN 201810590999 A CN201810590999 A CN 201810590999A CN 108409379 A CN108409379 A CN 108409379A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an elite stand fruit branches to crush compost method, its main feature is that including the following steps：1) raw material and Farm Planning；2) woods fruit branch crushes, and particle length is less than 30mm after crushing, and thickness is less than 3mm；3) composting material mixes, and woods fruit branch stores brid guano weight ratio 5 with people:1~8:1；4) nitrogen source is added, 0.5~1kg urea or the ammonium hydrogencarbonate of 2~3kg is added for every cubic metre according to composting material；5) moisture content is adjusted, hybrid composting raw material wet basis moisture content is adjusted to 50%~60%；6) EM compound bacterias are added, are added according to the ratio of composting material weight ratio 0.2%~0.5%；7) stacking overlay film, height of embankment 1m or less；8) compost fermentation carries out material compost fermentation and timely turning；9) decomposed to finished product, after 30~45 days, compost material is fully decomposed to get compost.The present invention realizes recycling, is easy to operate, is at low cost, common peasants and herdsmen being suitble to use for resource.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic fertilizer processing technique field, a specially elite stand fruit branch crushes compost method.
Background technology
The Xinjiang woods fruit gross area reaches more than 2,000 ten thousand mu at present, and wherein jujube cultivated area is up to 756.77 ten thousand mu, walnut
550.27 ten thousand mu, 223.48 ten thousand mu of grape, nearly 1,300,000,000 plants of the effective strain number of whole district woods fruit.The fruit tree of general juvenile stage is per acre per annual overhaul
Cut 50~100kg of fruit branch amount.The best fruiting period, pear tree and apple tree it is every 30~45 trimming under 100~150kg of discarded fruit branch amount,
Every 30~45 250~400kg of the amount of trimming fruit branches of peach, the every 110 300~350kg of the amount of trimming fruit branches of grape.In addition, fruit tree
It is cut down within every 17~20 years, some fruit tree will pass through the means Cultivar replacing of branching grafting, the quantity of residual branch
It can be multiplied.If the every plant of fruit tree averagely amount of trimming fruit branches 20kg is calculated per year, the discarded fruit branch that only Xinjiang fruit industry generates every year
Up to 26,000,000 tons.
However woods fruit branch utilization rate is discarded less than 2% in Xinjiang, the woods fruit branch under trimming is discarded in the edge of a field or directly burning more,
It not only results in waste of resources, environmental pollution, exists simultaneously fire safety evaluating hidden danger.Woods fruit branch can be used for compost returning to the field after crushing,
Increase orchard Organic manure content, culture fertility increases yield, improves nutrient quality, while can save agrochemical usage amount
10% or so, there is higher economic value.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide an elite stand fruit branches to crush compost method, and not only solution woods fruit branch is mostly discarded causes to provide
Source wastes and directly burning causes problem of environmental pollution, additionally provides a kind of efficient organic fertilizer.The present invention method have at
This is cheap, environmentally protective, the characteristics of operation suitable for common peasants and herdsmen.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：One elite stand fruit branch crushes compost method, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
S1, compost raw material and Farm Planning：Prepare woods fruit branch, people and animals' brid guano, EM compound bacterias, water, urea or bicarbonate
Ammonia, plastic film；Place election traffic convenience, convenient, flat ground of fetching water；
S2, woods fruit branch crush：Woods fruit branch is sliced using woods fruit branch slicing shredder and is crushed, woods fruit branch particle is obtained；
S3, the mixing of compost raw material：According to weight ratio 5:1~8:1 ratio is by woods fruit branch particle and the people and animals fowl after crushing
Excrement uniformly mixes, as composting material；
S4, nitrogen source is added：According to every cubic metre of composting material be added the ammonium hydrogencarbonate of 0.5~1kg urea or 2~3kg into
Row uniformly mixing, mixed method are that urea or ammonium hydrogencarbonate are diluted with water 50-100 times, are sprayed on composting material, and carry out
Uniformly mixing；
S5, moisture content is adjusted：By adding water, will be added the composting material wet basis moisture content after nitrogen source be adjusted to 50%~
60%；
S6, EM compound bacterias are added：The ratio of the composting material weight ratio 0.2%~0.5% obtained according to S3 steps is added
EM compound bacterias are uniformly mixed, and are added before EM compound bacterias, first by EM compound bacterias and water according to weight 1:30~1:50 ratio into
Row dissolved dilution；
S7, stacking overlay film：The uniformly mixed composting material that previous step obtains is piled into a stacking, height control is in 1m
Hereinafter, surrounding is compact with soil after overlay film, add a firming band every 3~4m on film；
S8, compost fermentation：Composting material ferments in stacking fertilizer heap, and first time turning is carried out after 7~8 days, with
Primary every turning in 10~11 days afterwards, the poor composting material of the decomposed degree of outer layer is moved to centre by each turning；
It is S9, decomposed to finished product：After 30~45 days, composting material becomes brown or dark brown, soft and flexible when wet；It is dry
When it is crisp, broken, organic matter follows the string, and compost material is fully decomposed, as compost finished product.
The purpose of the present invention can also be achieved：Particle length is less than after composting material middle forest fruit branch slice crushes
30mm, thickness are less than 3mm.
Adjusting compost wet basis moisture content method is：It adjusting at twice, moisture content is adjusted to 40%~50% for the first time plus after water,
Composting material adds water to adjust again after stacking 12-24 hours, its moisture content is made to reach more than 50%~60%.
The EM compound bacterias main component is saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus.
EM compound bacteria dissolved dilution liquid is using well water, river water, or places 24 hours or more tap water.
The invention has the characteristics that and advantageous effect：
(1) it realizes recycling for resource, is raw material by selecting woods fruit branch waste and the people and animals' brid guano of Xinjiang abundance, become
Waste be changed into values, realizes recycling for resource, solves that the Xinjiang producing regions Lin Guo woods fruit branch is mostly discarded to result in waste of resources and directly fire
Burning causes problem of environmental pollution.
(2) compost uses obvious effect.The English contracting that EM bacterium are effective microbe Effective Microorganinms
It writes, is formed by multiple-microorganism compound criteria, be a kind of active bacteria.The present invention is by selecting EM compound bacterias to woods fruit branch waste
Fermented manure processing is carried out with people and animals' brid guano, after the fertilizer returning to the field of acquisition, Soil Microorganism can be improved and enliven rate, overcome soil
Hardened, increase soil air permeability, enhancing soil fertilizer, fertilizer, the ability of water conservation reduce fertilizer application amount, while organic
The advantage profitable strain that fertilizer is formed in crop root can inhibit harmful pathogen procreation, enhance crop resistance, reduce incidence；
(3) raw material mixed ratio of the present invention, nitrogen source and EM compound bacterias is added the parameters such as ratio and moisture content setting and
Processing step compares by repetition test, chooses optimal case after comparing for several times, therefore, the compost finished product organic matter of acquisition contains
Amount is higher, and it is 7.12 to reach 67.51%, pH mean values, and moisture content mean value is 39.70%, is a kind of efficient organic fertilizer.Through excessive
Field application obtains good effect.
(4) raw material sources of the present invention are extensive, and woods fruit producing region is gathered materials on the spot, and processing step is after the simple guidance of agriculture technical staff
It can be operated by peasants and herdsmen, low manufacture cost, it is particularly suitable to be promoted among vast peasants and herdsmen.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 compost production flow diagrams of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make those skilled in the art especially Xinjiang region peasants and herdsmen understand technical scheme of the present invention, below it is right
Product of the present invention is described further.
The invention discloses an elite stand fruit branches to crush compost method, includes the following steps：
S1, compost raw material and Farm Planning：Prepare woods fruit branch, people and animals' brid guano, EM compound bacterias, water, urea or bicarbonate
Ammonia, plastic film；Place election traffic convenience, convenient, flat ground of fetching water；
S2, woods fruit branch crush：Woods fruit branch is crushed using woods fruit branch slicing shredder, the crushing of woods fruit branch particle requires length
Less than 30mm, thickness is less than 3mm；
S3, composting material mixing：According to weight ratio 5:1~8:1 ratio is by woods fruit branch particle and the people and animals' brid guano after crushing
Uniformly mixing, as composting material；
S4, nitrogen source is added：According to every cubic metre of composting material be added the ammonium hydrogencarbonate of 0.5~1kg urea or 2~3kg into
Row uniformly mixing, mixed method are that urea or ammonium hydrogencarbonate are diluted with water 50-100 times, are sprayed on compost material, and carry out
Uniformly mixing；
S5, moisture content is adjusted：By adding water, hybrid composting raw material wet basis moisture content is adjusted to 50%~60%, adds water side
Method adds water at twice, and moisture content is adjusted to 40%~50% for the first time plus after water, and material adds water tune again after stacking 12-24 hours
Section, makes its moisture content reach more than 50%~60%；
S6, EM compound bacterias are added：The ratio of the composting material weight ratio 0.2%~0.5% obtained according to S3 steps is added
EM compound bacterias are uniformly mixed, and are added before EM compound bacterias, first by EM compound bacterias and water according to weight 1:30~1:50 ratio into
Row dissolved dilution；
S7, stacking overlay film：Uniformly mixed material piles a stacking, and height control is in 1m hereinafter, surrounding is native after overlay film
It is compacted, adds a firming band every 3~4m on film；
S8, compost fermentation：Compost fermentation is carried out, first time turning is carried out after 7~8 days, later every turning in 10~11 days
Once, the poor composting material of the decomposed degree of outer layer is moved to centre by each turning；
It is S9, decomposed to finished product：After 30~45 days, composting material becomes brown or dark brown, soft and flexible when wet；
Very crisp when dry, broken, organic matter follows the string, and compost material is fully decomposed to get compost finished product.
In the present invention, by select Xinjiang region abundance woods fruit branch waste and people and animals' brid guano be raw material, realize
Orchard waste and people and animals' brid guano recycle；The present invention is by selecting EM compound bacterias to woods fruit branch waste and people and animals' brid guano
Fermented manure processing is carried out, after the fertilizer returning to the field of acquisition, soil fertilizer, fertilizer, the ability of water conservation can be enhanced, while organic fertilizer exists
The advantage profitable strain that crop root is formed can inhibit harmful pathogen procreation, enhance crop resistance.
Further, the composting material middle forest fruit branch pulverized particles length is less than 30mm, and thickness is less than 3mm, and compost is former
Material moisture content is adjusted to 50%~60%, achievees the effect that holding is agglomerating, hand is loose and dissipates, effectively improves fermentation efficiency；If powder
Woods fruit branch granularity after broken is excessive, is unfavorable for the infiltration of moisture, is unfavorable for coming into full contact with for microorganism and fermentate, is unfavorable for micro-
Biology is colonized and is decomposed；If grain size is too small, increases and crush difficulty, consume the equipment cost and time cost of bigger；Moisture can
To soften composting material, it is made to be easy to decompose, excess moisture makes to be full of water between composting material, interferes ventilation, be unfavorable for microorganism
Growth, if moisture content is too low, is unfavorable for the progress of EM compound bacteria-fermenteds.
Further, the EM compound bacterias main component be saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus compound probiotic.Make
With in the process according to weight 1：30~1:50 ratio carries out dissolved dilution, and dilution uses well water or river water as far as possible, because
Contain bleaching powder in tap water, EM compound bacteria effects can be influenced, if selecting tap water, should in advance place tap water 24 hours.
Further, the compost fermentation time needed for the S9 matured composts material to finished product is 30~45 days, ensures fermentation
Completeness.
Parameters and the works such as raw material mixed ratio of the present invention, ratio and the moisture content setting that nitrogen source and EM compound bacterias is added
Skill step compares by repetition test, and optimal case is had chosen after comparing for several times.
Laboratory testing inspection carried out to the compost finished product of the present invention, testing result show the content of organic matter compared with
Height, it is 7.12 to reach 67.51%, pH mean values, and moisture content mean value is 39.70%, belongs to a kind of good organic fertilizer.
The present invention has been carried out at the same time pilot production, also achieves more significant effect, test site：Core at Keshen Yecheng County 3
Peach garden, often locate 1 mu, seeding row spacing 5m × 6m of Hetaoyuan area, walnut 22, Walnut Cultivars new 2, the age of tree 8 years, fertilising season
Autumn is saved, often locates plot and randomly selects 5 progress composts, indicated with A, randomly select 5 and compareed, indicated with B, applied fertilizer
Position is located at the periphery of walnut tree crown, depth 50-60cm, and it is index, fertilising A, the B in other stages that experiment, which takes yield and empty flat rate,
Identical fertilizer is applied, and does not use compost, it is as follows to obtain correction data after second year picking harvests drying：
Data above shows that 0.5 kilogram of walnut single plant volume increase or more, mu may be implemented by applying the compost that the present invention produces
About 12 kilograms of volume increase；Empty flat rate can reduce by 1 percentage point or more, can effectively improve yield, increase economic benefit, while one
Determine to reduce the empty flat rate of walnut in degree, improves the quality of walnut.
Above-mentioned specific embodiment is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not does limit in any form to the present invention
System.Simple equivalent variations made by every range and present specification according to claims of the present invention with repair
Decorations, in the range of all category right of the present invention covers.
Claims (8)
1. an elite stand fruit branch crushes compost method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1, compost raw material and Farm Planning：Prepare woods fruit branch, people and animals' brid guano, EM compound bacterias, water, urea or ammonium hydrogencarbonate, modeling
Expect film；Place election traffic convenience, convenient, flat ground of fetching water；
S2, woods fruit branch crush：Woods fruit branch is sliced using woods fruit branch slicing shredder and is crushed, woods fruit branch particle is obtained；
S3, the mixing of compost raw material：According to weight ratio 5:1~8:1 ratio by after crushing woods fruit branch particle and people and animals' brid guano it is equal
Even mixing, as composting material；
S4, nitrogen source is added：It is carried out according to every cubic metre of ammonium hydrogencarbonate that 0.5~1kg urea or 2~3kg is added of composting material
Even mixing, mixed method are that urea or ammonium hydrogencarbonate are diluted with water 50-100 times, are sprayed on composting material, and are carried out uniform
Mixing；
S5, moisture content is adjusted：By adding water, the composting material wet basis moisture content after addition nitrogen source is adjusted to 50%~60%；
S6, EM compound bacterias are added：It is multiple that EM is added in the ratio of the composting material weight ratio 0.2%~0.5% obtained according to S3 steps
Combined bacteria is uniformly mixed, and is added before EM compound bacterias, first by EM compound bacterias and water according to weight 1:30~1:50 ratio carries out molten
Solution dilution；
S7, stacking overlay film：The uniformly mixed composting material that previous step obtains is piled into a stacking, height control 1m with
Under, surrounding is compact with soil after overlay film, adds a firming band every 3~4m on film；
S8, compost fermentation：Composting material ferments in stacking fertilizer heap, and first time turning is carried out after 7~8 days, later every
Primary every turning in 10~11 days, the poor composting material of the decomposed degree of outer layer is moved to centre by each turning；
It is S9, decomposed to finished product：After 30~45 days, composting material becomes brown or dark brown, soft and flexible when wet；When dry
Crisp, broken, organic matter follows the string, and compost material is fully decomposed, as compost finished product.
2. elite stand fruit branch according to claim 1 crushes compost method, which is characterized in that composting material middle forest fruit branch is cut
Particle length is less than 30mm after piece crushes, and thickness is less than 3mm.
3. the elite stand fruit branch according to claims 1 or 2 crushes compost method, which is characterized in that adjust compost wet basis
Moisture content method is：It adjusts at twice, moisture content is adjusted to 40%~50% for the first time plus after water, and it is small that composting material stacks 12-24
When after again plus water adjust, so that its moisture content is reached more than 50%~60%.
4. elite stand fruit branch according to claim 1 or 2 crushes compost method, which is characterized in that the EM compound bacterias master
It is saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus to want ingredient.
5. elite stand fruit branch according to claim 3 crushes compost method, which is characterized in that the EM compound bacterias mainly at
It is divided into saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus.
6. elite stand fruit branch according to claim 3 crushes compost method, which is characterized in that EM compound bacteria dissolved dilution liquid
Using well water, river water, or the tap water placed 24 hours or more.
7. elite stand fruit branch according to claim 4 crushes compost method, which is characterized in that EM compound bacteria dissolved dilution liquid
Using well water, river water, or the tap water placed 24 hours or more.
8. elite stand fruit branch according to claim 5 crushes compost method, which is characterized in that EM compound bacteria dissolved dilution liquid
Using well water, river water, or the tap water placed 24 hours or more.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN109796226A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-24 | 北京世纪阿姆斯生物工程有限公司 | Fruit branch decomposed complex micro organism fungicide, the decomposed decomposing agent of fruit branch and the decomposed method of fruit branch |
| CN110240499A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-17 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | A kind of method of ramulus mori Rapid Fermentation production organic fertilizer |
| CN111269072A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-12 | 甘肃葫阳生物科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer |
| CN112110776A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-12-22 | 新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所 | Forest fruit tree branch smashing and composting method |
| CN113692855A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-26 | 安徽捷思新材料科技有限公司 | Straw returning method |
| CN114956907A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-08-30 | 雷涛 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by field treatment of pruning peach trees and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110240499A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-17 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | A kind of method of ramulus mori Rapid Fermentation production organic fertilizer |
| CN111269072A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-12 | 甘肃葫阳生物科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer |
| CN112110776A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-12-22 | 新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所 | Forest fruit tree branch smashing and composting method |
| CN113692855A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-26 | 安徽捷思新材料科技有限公司 | Straw returning method |
| CN114956907A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-08-30 | 雷涛 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by field treatment of pruning peach trees and preparation method thereof |
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