CN110999645A - Breeding method of spiraea pearl - Google Patents
Breeding method of spiraea pearl Download PDFInfo
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- CN110999645A CN110999645A CN201911180787.3A CN201911180787A CN110999645A CN 110999645 A CN110999645 A CN 110999645A CN 201911180787 A CN201911180787 A CN 201911180787A CN 110999645 A CN110999645 A CN 110999645A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of plant propagation, and particularly relates to a propagation method of spiraea ulmaria. The method comprises the following steps: selecting the current-year rejuvenation branch of the pearl spiraea as a cuttage material, and sterilizing the pearl spiraea 15 days before the material is collected; spraying disinfectant to a cutting substrate to ensure that the substrate is covered with a film after being thoroughly poured, cutting base lignified branches of the collected pearl spiraea sciaefolia scions, selecting middle branches and tender tip branches, and cutting the middle branches and the tender tip branches into cutting slips; disinfecting the cutting slips by using a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, cleaning the cutting slips by using clear water after disinfection, and soaking the cutting slips in the shade by using a rooting agent in a dark place after drying the cutting slips in the shade; cutting the cutting slips into a matrix, compacting the matrix and watering; and spraying 5% potassium permanganate solution every 5-7 days after cuttage until rooting. The cutting technology is applied to the pearl spiraea, so that the plant can be stably kept the characters of the mother plant after propagation, the cutting survival rate is high, and the cultivation time is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of plant propagation, and particularly relates to a propagation method of spiraea ulmaria.
Background
Spiraea thunbergii Bl, a shrub of Spiraea of Rosaceae, can be as high as 1.5 m. The plant has the advantages of early flowering period, dense flowering as snow, white, clean and pureness as feather, light and thin leaves as feather, extremely high ornamental value, strong stress resistance, drought and cold resistance, no plant diseases and insect pests, light preference, no shading, preference for moist soil with good drainage and convenient cultivation and management. The pearl spiraea is a good choice as a flower mirror and a flower belt, and the excellent characteristics of the pearl spiraea can also be used as a fresh cut flower to create commercial value.
However, in the south, the pearl spiraea has not been fully applied to landscape landscaping at present, the most common breeding mode is a seeding mode, but the seeding breeding has limitations, such as long period, difficult seed collection, low survival rate and the like, and people who breed white English and the like (breeding white English, Guo Yong. pearl spiraea breeding technology [ J ]. inner Mongolia forestry technology, 2010(02):60-61.) disclose a pearl spiraea breeding technology, including cutting shoot treatment and cutting bed management, but carbendazim used in the paper is easily degraded by microorganisms when being used for soil treatment, so that the drug effect is reduced; the dexon has great toxicity to human bodies and is generally not recommended to be used; the potassium permanganate aqueous medicament is easy to decompose by light, heat and alkali, has high price and long rooting time, and prolongs the growth cycle. Therefore, research on the propagation technology of the pearl spiraea can provide technical support for promoting the wide application of the pearl spiraea.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a breeding method of pearl spiraea, aiming at solving the problems of high breeding and cultivating cost, long period, low survival rate and the like of the pearl spiraea in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a propagation method of spiraea pearl comprises the following steps:
step A, selecting the current-year rejuvenation twig of the pearl spiraea as a cuttage material, and sterilizing the pearl spiraea 15 days before the material is collected;
b, spraying disinfectant to the cuttage matrix in the plug tray, and covering a film for 7-10 days after the matrix is thoroughly poured;
step C, collecting pearl embroidery thread fringe strips, and immediately putting the fringe strips into clear water;
d, cutting the collected pearl spiraea sciaefolia scion strips to remove lignified branches at the base parts, selecting middle branches and tender tip branches, cutting the middle branches and the tender tip branches into cutting slips, reserving 5-7 leaves at the upper ends of the cutting slips, and cutting off the leaves at the lower ends;
step E, disinfecting the cutting slips by using a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, cleaning the cutting slips for 2-3 times by using clear water after disinfection, and soaking the cutting slips in a dark place by using a rooting agent after drying in the shade;
f, cutting the cutting slips into a matrix, compacting the matrix, watering, and covering a hole disc cover;
and G, spraying 5% potassium permanganate solution every 5-7 days after cuttage until rooting.
Further, the sterilization treatment in the step A adopts 500-800 times of 80% wettable zineb powder, and the time is 8-10 pm.
Further, the substrate in the step B is a mixed substrate of perlite and peat, and the volume ratio of the perlite to the peat is 1: 4; the disinfectant is 700-1000 times of 70% thiophanate methyl powder.
And further, in the step C, the thickness of the ear strips is 0.2-0.4 cm, and when the collection time is in cloudy days or in sunny days without dew drying, the tool is disinfected by 75% of alcohol before collection.
Furthermore, the length of the cutting slips in the step D is 5-7 cm, the upper cut is a horizontal section, and the lower cut is a 30-45-degree inclined section.
Further, the sterilization time in the step E is 30min, and the rooting agent comprises the following components: 1/4MS +100mg/L IAA +50mg/L IBA, the soaking time is 14 h.
And further, guiding and cutting by using a glass rod or a wood stick before cutting in the step F, wherein the cutting depth is 2-3 cm.
Further, the relative humidity of the air after cuttage is 80% -95%, the temperature is 25-28 ℃, and the illumination intensity is 3000-5000 LX.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention applies the cutting technology to the spiraea pearl, which not only ensures that the propagated plants can stably keep the characters of the mother plants, but also has high cutting survival rate, 94.44 percent of rooting rate, 98.82 percent of transplanting survival rate, 10 average rooting numbers and good root system state, and greatly shortens the cultivation time compared with the sowing and the existing cutting technology.
According to the invention, the branches are sterilized by adopting a 500-800 times solution of 80% wettable zineb powder for half a month before the female parent branches are collected, so that the effects of preventing plant diseases and insect pests and reducing the probability of disease occurrence are achieved; before cutting, the soil is sterilized and disinfected by adopting a solution which is 700-1000 times of 70% thiophanate methyl powder, and the cutting slips are sterilized by using a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, so that soft rot and downy mildew agent rootstalk diseases can be prevented, the survival rate of the pearl spiraea, and the induction rate of the diseases and insect pests of the cutting slips is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the comparison of the rooting conditions of the 5 th group and the 9 th group in example 3;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the rooting of the cuttings of group 5 in the plug in example 3;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the transplanting and potting of the rooting cuttings of group 5 in example 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
Example 1
A propagation method of spiraea pearl comprises the following steps:
step A, selecting the current-year rejuvenation twig of the pearl spiraea as a cuttage material, spraying a 500-time solution of 80% zineb wettable powder every 5 days beginning in late 5 months for the pearl spiraea at 8-10 pm for half a month;
b, preparing a cutting medium: the cutting medium consists of perlite and peat according to the volume ratio of 1:4, the perlite and peat are uniformly spread in a hole tray, a solution which is 700 times that of 70% thiophanate methyl powder is sprayed on the cutting medium before cutting to serve as a disinfectant, and the cutting medium is covered with a preservative film for 7 days after being thoroughly poured;
c, collecting pearl embroidery thread ear strips with the thickness of 0.2-0.4 cm in the last ten days of June, wherein ear picking is carried out when dew is not dry in cloudy days or in the morning of sunny days, and immediately placing the ear strips into a barrel filled with clear water after ear picking; before and during ear picking, the used tools such as branch shears are disinfected, and the disinfection can be sprayed by using 75% alcohol.
D, preparing the collected pearl spiraea branches into spikes immediately, shearing off lignified branches at the base parts, selecting middle branches and tender tip branches, cutting the middle branches and the tender tip branches into cutting slips with the length of 5-7 cm, wherein the upper cut of each cutting slip is a horizontal cut, the lower cut of each cutting slip is a short inclined plane of 30-45 degrees, 5-7 leaves are reserved at the upper ends of the cutting slips, the lower leaves are cut off, and the prepared cutting slips are respectively put into a bucket to be moisturized in the spike preparation process.
And E, in order to improve the survival rate of cutting of the cutting slips, the cutting slips need to be disinfected before cutting. The disinfectant is 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, and the method comprises sterilizing the two ends of the cutting in disinfectant solution for 30 min. After disinfection, the cutting is washed for 2 times by clear water so as to wash off the redundant medicines on the cutting. After the water at the base part of the cleaned cutting is slightly dried, soaking the part of 2cm above the cut at the lower end of the cutting by using a rooting agent which is 1/4MS +100mg/L IAA +50mg/L IBA for 14h, and avoiding light during soaking.
And F, cutting the soaked cutting slips after the base parts of the cutting slips are slightly dry, and before the cutting slips are inserted into the matrix, performing guide cutting by using a glass rod or a thin wood rod to avoid overlapping of leaves, wherein the cutting depth is 2-3 cm and is about 1/2-3/5 of the whole cutting slips. When the cutting slips are inserted into the matrix, the cutting slips should be pressed firmly by hand. Watering immediately after cutting to ensure that the base of the cutting slips is fully contacted with the matrix, and finally covering a hole disc cover to keep moisture.
And G, spraying water for moisturizing after cuttage, keeping the relative humidity of air at 80% -95%, the air temperature at 25-28 ℃, and the illumination intensity at about 3000-5000 LX. Secondly, in order to prevent the cutting slips from being rotten, a disinfectant of a 5% potassium permanganate solution is sprayed for 1 time every 5-7 days after cutting until all the seedlings root.
And (4) cutting the cutting slips for 16 days, then rooting, after 45 days, opening an air hole above the plug cover for hardening seedlings, after 15 days, completely uncovering the plug cover, after 10 days, counting the rooting rate and transplanting.
Example 2
A propagation method of spiraea pearl comprises the following steps:
step A, selecting the current-year rejuvenation twig of the pearl spiraea as a cuttage material, spraying 800 times of solution of 80% zineb wettable powder every 5 days from the late 5 th day for 8-10 pm for half a month;
b, preparing a cutting medium: the cutting medium consists of perlite and peat according to the volume ratio of 1:4, the perlite and peat are uniformly spread in a hole tray, a 1000-time solution of 70% thiophanate methyl powder is sprayed on the cutting medium before cutting to serve as a disinfectant, and the cutting medium is covered with a preservative film for 10 days after being thoroughly poured;
c, collecting pearl embroidery thread ear strips with the thickness of 0.2-0.4 cm in the last ten days of June, wherein ear picking is carried out when dew is not dry in cloudy days or in the morning of sunny days, and immediately placing the ear strips into a barrel filled with clear water after ear picking; before and during ear picking, the used tools such as branch shears are disinfected, and the disinfection can be sprayed by using 75% alcohol.
D, preparing the collected pearl spiraea branches into spikes immediately, shearing off lignified branches at the base parts, selecting middle branches and tender tip branches, cutting the middle branches and the tender tip branches into cutting slips with the length of 5-7 cm, wherein the upper cut of each cutting slip is a horizontal cut, the lower cut of each cutting slip is a short inclined plane of 30-45 degrees, 5-7 leaves are reserved at the upper ends of the cutting slips, the lower leaves are cut off, and the prepared cutting slips are respectively put into a bucket to be moisturized in the spike preparation process.
And E, in order to improve the survival rate of cutting of the cutting slips, the cutting slips need to be disinfected before cutting. The disinfectant is 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, and the method comprises sterilizing the two ends of the cutting in disinfectant solution for 30 min. After disinfection, the cutting is washed for 3 times by clean water to wash off the redundant medicines on the cutting. After the water at the base part of the cleaned cutting is slightly dried, soaking the part of 2cm above the cut at the lower end of the cutting by using a rooting agent which is 1/4MS +100mg/L IAA +50mg/L IBA for 14h, and avoiding light during soaking.
And F, cutting the soaked cutting slips after the base parts of the cutting slips are slightly dry, and before the cutting slips are inserted into the matrix, performing guide cutting by using a glass rod or a thin wood rod to avoid overlapping of leaves, wherein the cutting depth is 2-3 cm and is about 1/2-3/5 of the whole cutting slips. When the cutting slips are inserted into the matrix, the cutting slips should be pressed firmly by hand. Watering immediately after cutting to ensure that the base of the cutting slips is fully contacted with the matrix, and finally covering a hole disc cover to keep moisture.
And G, spraying water for moisturizing after cuttage, keeping the relative humidity of air at 80% -95%, the air temperature at 25-28 ℃, and the illumination intensity at about 3000-5000 LX. Secondly, in order to prevent the cutting slips from being rotten, a disinfectant of a 5% potassium permanganate solution is sprayed for 1 time every 5-7 days after cutting until all the seedlings root.
And (4) cutting the cutting shoots for 15 days, then rooting, after 45 days, opening air holes above the plug cover for hardening seedlings, after 15 days, completely uncovering the plug cover, after 10 days, counting the rooting rate and transplanting.
Example 3
The embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1, and the same points are not repeated, except that the cutting shoots are averagely divided into 16 groups in the step E, 5 cutting shoots in each group are subjected to different rooting soaking, the same subsequent treatment is performed, the rooting rate and the average rooting number after cutting are counted 22 days after cutting, the transplanting survival rate is counted 10 days after transplanting, and the relationship between the rooting rate, the average rooting number and the transplanting survival rate and the content of IAA and IBA in the rooting agent is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 treatment of cuttings with different hormone combinations and results
FIG. 1 is a comparison of randomly drawn cuttings of group 5 and group 9 at the time of transplantation, and it can be seen from the figure that the cuttings of group 5 (left) grew more clumpy and rooted more than those of group 9 (right).
As can be seen from Table 1, IAA and IBA in the rooting agent act synergistically, when the IAA content is 100mg/L and the IBA content is 50mg/L, the rooting rate is 94.44%, the transplanting survival rate is 98.82%, the average rooting number is 10, and the highest rooting rate is the optimal formula of the rooting agent.
Example 4
This example is substantially the same as example 1, and the same points are not described again, except that in step E, the cutting shoots are randomly divided into five groups of 5 shoots, the five groups of cutting shoots are respectively soaked in the rooting agent for 6, 10, 14, 18, and 22 hours, and then the same subsequent treatment is performed. The statistical rooting rate, transplanting survival rate and average rooting number after cuttage are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 influence of different soaking times of rooting agent on rooting and transplanting
| Number of treatments (group) | Time (h) | Rooting percentage (%) | Survival Rate of transplantation (%) | Average number of roots |
| 5 | 6 | 66.67％ | 90.00％ | 8.56 |
| 5 | 10 | 82.22％ | 94.59％ | 9.00 |
| 5 | 14 | 94.44％ | 98.82％ | 10.00 |
| 5 | 18 | 64.44％ | 84.48％ | 8.78 |
| 5 | 22 | 47.78％ | 83.72％ | 8.33 |
As can be seen from table 2, with the increase of the soaking time, the cutting survival rate, the transplanting survival rate and the average root number of the pearl spiraea are increased firstly and then decreased, when the soaking time is 14 hours, the rooting rate is 94.44%, the transplanting survival rate is 98.82%, the average root number is 10.00, and all the roots are the highest, so the best treatment mode is to select the rooting agent to soak the pearl spiraea cutting shoot for 14 hours.
The above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The propagation method of the pearl spiraea is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A, selecting the current-year rejuvenation twig of the pearl spiraea as a cuttage material, and sterilizing the pearl spiraea 15 days before the material is collected;
b, spraying disinfectant to the cuttage matrix in the plug tray, and covering a film for 7-10 days after the matrix is thoroughly poured;
step C, collecting pearl embroidery thread fringe strips, and immediately putting the fringe strips into clear water;
d, cutting the collected pearl spiraea sciaefolia scion strips to remove lignified branches at the base parts, selecting middle branches and tender tip branches, cutting the middle branches and the tender tip branches into cutting slips, reserving 5-7 leaves at the upper ends of the cutting slips, and cutting off the leaves at the lower ends;
step E, disinfecting the cutting slips by using a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, cleaning the cutting slips for 2-3 times by using clear water after disinfection, and soaking the cutting slips in a dark place by using a rooting agent after drying in the shade;
f, cutting the cutting slips into a matrix, compacting the matrix, watering, and covering a hole disc cover;
and G, spraying 5% potassium permanganate solution every 5-7 days after cuttage until rooting.
2. The propagation method of pearl spiraea according to claim 1, characterized in that the sterilization treatment in step A adopts 500-800 times of 80% wettable zineb powder for 8-10 pm.
3. The method for propagating pearl meadow sweet according to claim 1, wherein the substrate in the step B is a mixed substrate of perlite and peat, and the volume ratio of the perlite to the peat is 1: 4; the disinfectant is 700-1000 times of 70% thiophanate methyl powder.
4. The propagation method of pearl meadow sweet according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the ear of the step C is 0.2-0.4 cm, and when the collection time is in cloudy days or in sunny days when dew is not dry in the morning, the tools are disinfected by 75% alcohol before collection.
5. The propagation method of pearl spiraea according to claim 1, wherein the length of the cutting shoot in step D is 5-7 cm, the upper cut is a horizontal cut, and the lower cut is a diagonal cut of 30-45 °.
6. The propagation method of pearl meadow sweet according to claim 1, wherein the sterilization time in the step E is 30min, and the rooting agent comprises the following components: 1/4MS +100mg/L IAA +50mg/L IBA, the soaking time is 14 h.
7. The propagation method of pearl meadow sweet according to claim 1, wherein the cutting depth in step F is 2-3 cm by guiding cutting with a glass stick or a wood stick.
8. The propagation method of the pearl meadow sweet according to claim 1, wherein the relative humidity of the air after cuttage is 80-95%, the temperature is 25-28 ℃, and the illumination intensity is 3000-5000 LX.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN111771719A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-16 | 四川七彩林科股份有限公司 | Tissue culture rapid propagation method of spiraea thunbergii |
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