CN105993629A - Grafting method for increasing eggplant yield - Google Patents
Grafting method for increasing eggplant yield Download PDFInfo
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- CN105993629A CN105993629A CN201610498840.4A CN201610498840A CN105993629A CN 105993629 A CN105993629 A CN 105993629A CN 201610498840 A CN201610498840 A CN 201610498840A CN 105993629 A CN105993629 A CN 105993629A
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- grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Abstract
The invention discloses a grafting method for increasing the eggplant yield. The method particularly comprises the steps of seedbed preparation, seedbed soil disinfection, seed treatment, seed soaking and pregermination, sowing, seedling management, seedling separating, cleft grafting and grafting seedling management. According to the grafting method for eggplants, the operability is high, the survival rate is high, and extensive plantation of the eggplants is convenient; disease resistance of plants is improved by means of cleft grafting, and blight can be effectively controlled; meanwhile, high and low temperature tolerance of the plants can be improved, the root system absorption range is widened, the root system absorption capacity is expanded, yield increasing is promoted, and the yield can be increased by 40% or above; the grafting method for increasing the eggplant yield is scientific and reasonable, the growth speed and quality of the eggplants are guaranteed, the pulp quality of the planted eggplants is delicate, and the taste is excellent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation, particularly relate to a kind of engrafting method improving eggplant yield.
Background technology
Fructus Solani melongenae belongs to a member in Solanaceae family, is one of purple vegetable few in number, is also the most common on dining table
Homely vegetable；Fructus Solani melongenae originates in India the earliest, 4-5 century in Christian era incoming China, the Fructus Solani melongenae of Northern and Southern Dynasties' cultivation be circle, with wild
Shape is similar, and the Yuan Dynasty then turns out elongated Fructus Solani melongenae, and to Qing Dynasty last years of a dynasty or reign, this long eggplant is introduced into Japan, the Fructus Solani melongenae system of taproot, and root is deep
The plant of 50cm, extending transversely 120cm circle eggplant, major part cloth is in 30cm arable layer；Fruit on Fructus Solani melongenae stem claims " door eggplant "
The fruit of primary lateral branches is referred to as " to eggplant ", and the fruit of two grades of side shoots is referred to as " four door sockets ", and the fruit of three grades of side shoots is referred to as " octahedral
Wind ", the fruit of later side shoot is referred to as " Caulis et folium pavettae hongkongensis "；Fructus Solani melongenae all has plantation all over China, is the popular foods liked of people,
And can prevent and treat multiple disease, there is the highest medical value.
In current cultivation technique, the pest and disease damage of Fructus Solani melongenae is serious, and the requirement to edaphic condition is higher, causes yielding poorly, and becomes
This height, is not particularly suited for planting on a large scale, therefore seeks low cost, high yield and can remain by engrafting method on a large scale
Urgent problem at present.
Summary of the invention
In order to make up the defect of prior art, the present invention provides a kind of engrafting method improving eggplant yield.
A kind of engrafting method improving eggplant yield, specifically includes following steps:
(1) seedbed prepares: physical features is high and dry, soil fertility is uniform, soil layer is deep, ventilation and penetrating light, soil property are fertile and loose, irrigation and drainage in selection
Convenient, sandy loam, sandy soil earth, vermiculite power, the horsehit become thoroughly decomposed and big argol are sieved, are made into Nutrition Soil；
(2) bed soil disinfection: take pentachloronitrobenzene, thiram and mix with Nutrition Soil and mix thoroughly, land used membrane cover is tight, sterilizes 3 days；
(3) seed treatment: select fine day, is placed in seed outdoor and basks seeds 6-8h, is then that 1% potassium permanganate is molten with mass fraction
Immersion kind 0.5h, clear water rinsed clean is used in flood after going out；
(4) presoaking and germinating: by the seed of rinsed clean with 55 DEG C of water seed soaking 15min, then soak 8h with 30 DEG C of clear water, take out,
Cleaning the mucus on seed coat, wrapped by seed with clean gauze, use change temperature-accelerated germination, every day 25-30 DEG C controls 16-18h, 18-
22 DEG C control 6-8h, sooner or later eluriate once with warm water, germinate after 6-8 days；
(5) sowing: sow when 80% seed bud grows to 1-2mm, by bud uniform broadcasting on seedbed, cover immediately after broadcasting
1cm fine earth, covers mulch film heat and moisture preserving the most again, adds a cover Small plastic shed insulation night；Solanum Torvum is selected to make stock, 25-in advance
Sowing in 30 days；
(6) seedling management: after planting daytime temperature 28-30 DEG C, is not less than 22 DEG C night, keep soil temperature more than 20 DEG C, seedling
Mulch film is spread after Chu Tuing.After 7-8 days neat Seedlings, daytime temperature controls at 20-25 DEG C.The most dry fine earth of unearthed recession, treats that cotyledon launches
After remove again once, each thickness is 2-3mm；
(7) divide Seedling: a point Seedling is carried out when two panels true leaf, and scion Seedling is implanted on a Seedling, move by 8cm × 8cm seeding row spacing trench digging
Planting, after point Seedling, daytime keeps 20-30 DEG C, keeps 18-15 DEG C night, carries out spray water after transplanting, keeps bed Seedling ground moistening；
(8) cleft grafting grafting: grafting when rootstock seedling grows to 5-6 sheet leaf, after digging out seedling, retains 2 true leaves by stock, uses cutter
Sheet crosscutting stock stem, removes top, then splits 1.0-1.5cm from stem central authorities, extracts scion Seedling, retains 2-3 sheet true leaf and is whittled into 1-
The wedge shape bevel of 1.5cm length, bevel length is equal with interface length, and bevel requires smooth, then the scion cut is inserted anvil
The interface of wood, must make stock and scion cambium layer be aligned with each other, finally fix with Grafting clip；
(9) grafting management: implanting Small plastic shed after grafting, fully water, cover tightly Small plastic shed bottom grafting, first 3 days obstructed
Wind, loses light, and in holding canopy, air humidity is 85%, and daytime temperature 25-26 DEG C, uses straw screen or mat shading at night 20-22 DEG C, the 4th day
Sooner or later seeing the short time low light level, slowly ventilate from both sides, grafting mouth is sprayed 1-2 time by every day, substantially completely heals, proceed to after 10 days
Normal management, removes clip after surviving, eliminate the lateral bud that stock is sprouted in time, after grafting 15-20 days just can be with field planting.
The sandy soil earth of described step (1), vermiculite power, the horsehit become thoroughly decomposed and big argol cross 200-240 mesh sieve, according to mass ratio
The ratio of 4:1:1:1 mixes.
The pentachloronitrobenzene of described step (2), thiram are 1:1:3000 with the mass ratio of Nutrition Soil.
The spray solution of described step (9) be mass fraction be the gardenoside solution of 0.8-1.2%.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the engrafting method improving eggplant yield of the present invention, workable, survival rate is high,
It is convenient for the implant mass of Fructus Solani melongenae；Sandy soil earth, vermiculite power, the horsehit become thoroughly decomposed and human excrement dry blending are configured to Nutrition Soil replace
For bed Seedling soil, enhance the ability of the fertilizer conservation moisturizing of soil so that soil matrix is loose, permeability is good, and absorbability strengthens；Kind
Son is through sterilization and immersion treatment so that seed germination speed significantly speeds, and can significantly improve germination rate, reaches 92%
Above；Plant resistance against diseases is strengthened by cleft grafting grafting, can effectively preventing droop；Can also improve simultaneously the resistance to height of plant,
Low temperature ability, expands Root Absorption scope and ability, is conducive to improving yield, and yield can be made to increase by more than 4 one-tenth；To grafting mouth
Spraying, docking port serves bactericidal action, accelerates interface healing, enhances the resistance against diseases of plant, promote Fructus Solani melongenae
Fast-growth；The inventive method is scientific and reasonable, make Fructus Solani melongenae the speed of growth and the quality of Fructus Solani melongenae be protected, plant out
The meat of Fructus Solani melongenae is fine and smooth, and mouthfeel is more preferably.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
A kind of engrafting method improving eggplant yield, specifically includes following steps:
(1) seedbed prepares: physical features is high and dry, soil fertility is uniform, soil layer is deep, ventilation and penetrating light, soil property are fertile and loose, irrigation and drainage in selection
Convenient, sandy loam, sandy soil earth, vermiculite power, the horsehit become thoroughly decomposed and big argol are sieved, are made into Nutrition Soil；
(2) bed soil disinfection: take pentachloronitrobenzene, thiram and mix with Nutrition Soil and mix thoroughly, land used membrane cover is tight, sterilizes 3 days；
(3) seed treatment: select fine day, is placed in seed outdoor and basks seeds 6-8h, is then that 1% potassium permanganate is molten with mass fraction
Immersion kind 0.5h, clear water rinsed clean is used in flood after going out；
(4) presoaking and germinating: by the seed of rinsed clean with 55 DEG C of water seed soaking 15min, then soak 8h with 30 DEG C of clear water, take out,
Cleaning the mucus on seed coat, wrapped by seed with clean gauze, use change temperature-accelerated germination, every day 25-30 DEG C controls 16-18h, 18-
22 DEG C control 6-8h, sooner or later eluriate once with warm water, germinate after 6-8 days；
(5) sowing: sow when 80% seed bud grows to 1-2mm, by bud uniform broadcasting on seedbed, cover immediately after broadcasting
1cm fine earth, covers mulch film heat and moisture preserving the most again, adds a cover Small plastic shed insulation night；Solanum Torvum is selected to make stock, 25-in advance
Sowing in 30 days；
(6) seedling management: after planting daytime temperature 28-30 DEG C, is not less than 22 DEG C night, keep soil temperature more than 20 DEG C, seedling
Mulch film is spread after Chu Tuing.After 7-8 days neat Seedlings, daytime temperature controls at 20-25 DEG C.The most dry fine earth of unearthed recession, treats that cotyledon launches
After remove again once, each thickness is 2-3mm；
(7) divide Seedling: a point Seedling is carried out when two panels true leaf, and scion Seedling is implanted on a Seedling, move by 8cm × 8cm seeding row spacing trench digging
Planting, after point Seedling, daytime keeps 20-30 DEG C, keeps 18-15 DEG C night, carries out spray water after transplanting, keeps bed Seedling ground moistening；
(8) cleft grafting grafting: grafting when rootstock seedling grows to 5-6 sheet leaf, after digging out seedling, retains 2 true leaves by stock, uses cutter
Sheet crosscutting stock stem, removes top, then splits 1.0-1.5cm from stem central authorities, extracts scion Seedling, retains 2-3 sheet true leaf and is whittled into 1-
The wedge shape bevel of 1.5cm length, bevel length is equal with interface length, and bevel requires smooth, then the scion cut is inserted anvil
The interface of wood, must make stock and scion cambium layer be aligned with each other, finally fix with Grafting clip；
(9) grafting management: implanting Small plastic shed after grafting, fully water, cover tightly Small plastic shed bottom grafting, first 3 days obstructed
Wind, loses light, and in holding canopy, air humidity is 85%, and daytime temperature 25-26 DEG C, uses straw screen or mat shading at night 20-22 DEG C, the 4th day
Sooner or later seeing the short time low light level, slowly ventilate from both sides, grafting mouth is sprayed 1-2 time by every day, substantially completely heals, proceed to after 10 days
Normal management, removes clip after surviving, eliminate the lateral bud that stock is sprouted in time, after grafting 15-20 days just can be with field planting.
The sandy soil earth of described step (1), vermiculite power, the horsehit become thoroughly decomposed and big argol cross 200-240 mesh sieve, according to mass ratio
The ratio of 4:1:1:1 mixes.
The pentachloronitrobenzene of described step (2), thiram are 1:1:3000 with the mass ratio of Nutrition Soil.
The spray solution of described step (9) be mass fraction be the gardenoside solution of 0.8-1.2%.
Comparative example
Traditional Fructus Solani melongenae implantation methods.
Test according to the method for embodiment 1 and comparative example separately below, the statistics survival rate of Fructus Solani melongenae, yield and disease
Rate, embodiment is shown in Table 1 with the effect of comparative example Fructus Solani melongenae plantation
Table 1 embodiment and the Fructus Solani melongenae planting effect of comparative example
| Project | Embodiment 1 | Comparative example |
| Survival rate | 92.6 | 88.6 |
| Every per mu yield (kg) | 5163 | 4630 |
| Phomopisis vexans disease rate/(%) | 2.9 | 8.6 |
| Droop disease rate/(%) | 3.3 | 9.1 |
| Cotton disease disease rate/(%) | 2.1 | 11.2 |
As shown in Table 1, the Fructus Solani melongenae survival rate produced by the method for embodiment test, yield is apparently higher than comparative example, and disease rate is also
Significantly lower than comparative example, illustrate that the implantation methods implementation of the present invention is good, high financial profit.
Claims (4)
1. the engrafting method improving eggplant yield, it is characterised in that specifically include following steps:
(1) seedbed prepares: physical features is high and dry, soil fertility is uniform, soil layer is deep, ventilation and penetrating light, soil property are fertile and loose, irrigation and drainage in selection
Convenient, sandy loam, sandy soil earth, vermiculite power, the horsehit become thoroughly decomposed and big argol are sieved, are made into Nutrition Soil；
(2) bed soil disinfection: take pentachloronitrobenzene, thiram and mix with Nutrition Soil and mix thoroughly, land used membrane cover is tight, sterilizes 3 days；
(3) seed treatment: select fine day, is placed in seed outdoor and basks seeds 6-8h, is then that 1% potassium permanganate is molten with mass fraction
Immersion kind 0.5h, clear water rinsed clean is used in flood after going out；
(4) presoaking and germinating: by the seed of rinsed clean with 55 DEG C of water seed soaking 15min, then soak 8h with 30 DEG C of clear water, take out,
Cleaning the mucus on seed coat, wrapped by seed with clean gauze, use change temperature-accelerated germination, every day 25-30 DEG C controls 16-18h, 18-
22 DEG C control 6-8h, sooner or later eluriate once with warm water, germinate after 6-8 days；
(5) sowing: sow when 80% seed bud grows to 1-2mm, by bud uniform broadcasting on seedbed, cover immediately after broadcasting
1cm fine earth, covers mulch film heat and moisture preserving the most again, adds a cover Small plastic shed insulation night；Solanum Torvum is selected to make stock, 25-in advance
Sowing in 30 days；
(6) seedling management: after planting daytime temperature 28-30 DEG C, is not less than 22 DEG C night, keep soil temperature more than 20 DEG C, seedling
Spreading mulch film after Chu Tuing, after 7-8 days neat Seedlings, daytime temperature controls at 20-25 DEG C, and the most dry fine earth of unearthed recession treats that cotyledon launches
After remove again once, each thickness is 2-3mm；
(7) divide Seedling: a point Seedling is carried out when two panels true leaf, and scion Seedling is implanted on a Seedling, move by 8cm × 8cm seeding row spacing trench digging
Planting, after point Seedling, daytime keeps 20-30 DEG C, keeps 18-15 DEG C night, carries out spray water after transplanting, keeps bed Seedling ground moistening；
(8) cleft grafting grafting: grafting when rootstock seedling grows to 5-6 sheet leaf, after digging out seedling, retains 2 true leaves by stock, uses cutter
Sheet crosscutting stock stem, removes top, then splits 1.0-1.5cm from stem central authorities, extracts scion Seedling, retains 2-3 sheet true leaf and is whittled into 1-
The wedge shape bevel of 1.5cm length, bevel length is equal with interface length, and bevel requires smooth, then the scion cut is inserted anvil
The interface of wood, must make stock and scion cambium layer be aligned with each other, finally fix with Grafting clip；
(9) grafting management: implanting Small plastic shed after grafting, fully water, cover tightly Small plastic shed bottom grafting, first 3 days obstructed
Wind, loses light, and in holding canopy, air humidity is 85%, and daytime temperature 25-26 DEG C, uses straw screen or mat shading at night 20-22 DEG C, the 4th day
Sooner or later seeing the short time low light level, slowly ventilate from both sides, grafting mouth is sprayed 1-2 time by every day, substantially completely heals, proceed to after 10 days
Normal management, removes clip after surviving, eliminate the lateral bud that stock is sprouted in time, after grafting 15-20 days just can be with field planting.
The engrafting method of raising eggplant yield the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sandy soil of described step (1)
Earth, vermiculite power, the horsehit become thoroughly decomposed and big argol cross 200-240 mesh sieve, mix according to the ratio of mass ratio 4:1:1:1.
The engrafting method of raising eggplant yield the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pentachloro-of described step (2)
Nitrobenzol, thiram are 1:1:3000 with the mass ratio of Nutrition Soil.
The engrafting method of raising eggplant yield the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the spraying of described step (9)
Solution be mass fraction be the gardenoside solution of 0.8-1.2%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610498840.4A CN105993629A (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2016-06-30 | Grafting method for increasing eggplant yield |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106613484A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-10 | 中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所 | Breeding method for blast resistance pepper seedling |
| CN108781818A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽新安古建园林建设股份有限公司 | A kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating method of Chinese pistache nursery stock |
| CN112425465A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-02 | 海城市云沣生态农业有限公司 | Eggplant grafting seedling method |
| CN113079974A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-09 | 广西贺州市正丰现代农业股份有限公司 | Eggplant planting method with good cold resistance |
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| CN103621319A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-12 | 青岛东颐锦禾农业科技有限公司 | Grafting high-yield culture technology for eggplant in solar greenhouse |
| CN104584829A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-05-06 | 和县鑫发农业发展有限公司 | High-yield cultivation method for pollution-free eggplants |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103621319A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-12 | 青岛东颐锦禾农业科技有限公司 | Grafting high-yield culture technology for eggplant in solar greenhouse |
| CN104584829A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-05-06 | 和县鑫发农业发展有限公司 | High-yield cultivation method for pollution-free eggplants |
| CN105560498A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-05-11 | 株洲千金药业股份有限公司 | Liquid medicine with bacterium inhibiting and disinfecting functions and application thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106613484A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-10 | 中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所 | Breeding method for blast resistance pepper seedling |
| CN108781818A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽新安古建园林建设股份有限公司 | A kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating method of Chinese pistache nursery stock |
| CN112425465A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-02 | 海城市云沣生态农业有限公司 | Eggplant grafting seedling method |
| CN113079974A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-09 | 广西贺州市正丰现代农业股份有限公司 | Eggplant planting method with good cold resistance |
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