CN1109973A - 透明或半透明容器的检验方法 - Google Patents

透明或半透明容器的检验方法 Download PDF

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CN1109973A
CN1109973A CN94113708A CN94113708A CN1109973A CN 1109973 A CN1109973 A CN 1109973A CN 94113708 A CN94113708 A CN 94113708A CN 94113708 A CN94113708 A CN 94113708A CN 1109973 A CN1109973 A CN 1109973A
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T·J·尼克斯
J·A·林里恩
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Owens Brockway Glass Container Inc
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/90Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P15/00Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
    • G01P15/02Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
    • G01P15/08Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
    • G01P15/0802Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P15/00Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
    • G01P15/02Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
    • G01P15/08Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
    • G01P15/0891Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values with indication of predetermined acceleration values
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P15/00Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
    • G01P15/02Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
    • G01P15/08Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
    • G01P15/09Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values by piezoelectric pick-up
    • G01P15/0922Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values by piezoelectric pick-up of the bending or flexing mode type

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Abstract

检查(半)透明容器(22)的侧壁上裂纹的设备,包 括一光源(24),用于照射容器侧壁平行于其中心轴线 的长条带,照射光线从多个不同的角度入射到该条带 上的任一点上。容器外部定位一相机(50),用于接受 被该照条带中的裂缝反射的光,相机连接用于通过这 种光的反射检查容器中裂纹的电子线路(52)。

Description

本发明涉及(半)透明容器的光学检验,特别是一种检查所谓(半)透明容器的侧壁的竖裂纹和裂缝的装置和方法。
在制造(半)透明容器,例如透明的或有色的玻璃瓶时,容器侧壁会出现各种裂纹或其它商业偏差。例如,容器侧壁上可能有被称为裂缝和竖裂纹的偏差。这些裂缝和竖裂纹是在一平面内类似镜面反射的裂纹,一般从容器纵轴径向延伸。为检查这种偏差,人们建议了多种装置。
美国专利No.4,584,469公开了一种检查玻璃容器侧壁上的裂缝和竖裂纹的装置。在容器的一端定位一光源,使光能从一与容器轴线横向和垂直的方向投在容器壁上。光源包括一白炽灯和一柱面透镜,该柱面透镜将灯丝的象投射于容器侧面上的一平行于容器轴的高度聚焦的长窄条上。设置一直线阵列相机,从垂直于照明和容器轴的方向接受容器被照部分的图象。将容器定位并绕其轴转动,一径向平面裂纹最终将被转到一个从光源向检测器反射光的位置。该垂直的裂纹或裂缝在检测器上是一亮点,而无裂缝处则呈灰暗的背景。(如同在典型的容器检测领域中,方向术语,例如“垂直的”是指容器口向上时容器轴线的竖直方向)。
虽然所引述的专利中所公开的装置已取得商业上的成功,人们还是期待着进一步的改进。特别是,所引述的专利中所公开的装置,对于检测不是精确地垂直或平行于容器轴线的裂缝的能力是有局限性的。这就是说,如果一个裂缝是非垂直的,裂纹上的入射光将被裂纹反射,但不一定放射到相机上。因此,本发明的总的目的是提供一种总的来说具有上述专利的一般特征或型式的装置和方法,并能够发现并检测容器侧壁上的非垂直径向裂纹和裂缝。
按照本发明的一优选实施例,用于检测一种(半)透明容器的侧壁中裂纹的设备包括一光源,用于照亮容器侧壁平行于其中轴线的一长条带,用这种方法光线从多个不同的角度入射到该条带的任何一点上。在容器外部定位一相机,用于接受被该照亮了的条带上的裂纹反射的光,一电子线路与相机连接,以便通过这种反射光检测容器的裂纹。由于容器侧壁上被照亮的长条带上任一点的光线都是从多个不同角度的入射光,与上述专利中基本上从单一方向的光照不同,并非严格垂直定向的容器侧壁内的平面裂纹将有更多的机会将光能从光源发射到相机上。
在公开的优选的本发明的实施例中,光源包括一光纤带,其端部置于一与该容器轴线光学平行的一基本线性阵列内,一柱面透镜置于该光纤带阵列和容器之间,用以聚焦来自该阵列方向垂直于容器轴线的光线,形成窄长的照明带。以这种方式,入射到容器侧壁上的光线定向于基本在平行于容器轴线的平面内的多个角度。该光纤带平行于容器中轴线的尺寸至少如照明的条带的纵向尺寸一样。相机最好包括光学上平行于容器轴线和被照条带的直线阵列光敏元件,随着容器的旋转增加,这些相机阵列被探测电子扫描。
通过下面的描述,权利要求书及附图,本发明的特征与优点及其它目的将得到最好的理解。
图1为本发明的(半)透明容器检测设备的功能框图;
图2为图1所示的设备中局部容器和局部光源的简图;
图3为基本沿图2中3-3线的部分光源的端视图;
图4为图1-3中所示部分光源的俯视平面图;和
图5为基本上沿图4中5-5线的局部剖面图。
参考附图,设置一输送机20与一模塑容器源联接,将连续的容器22带入检测站24的位置。典型的这种输送机20包括一星轮(未示出)和一滑板21。输送机可以为任何适当类型的,例如美国专利4,230,219和4,378,493以及上述美国专利4,584,469中的输送机,其一般包括一可转星轮,将连续的容器送到位,并在扫描过程中将这些容器置于固定位置。在位置24设置一容器转动装置26,例如一驱动辊轮,与工位24上的容器22接合并将容器绕其中心轴23转动。容器转动机构配置一编码器或类似装置以提供指示容器转动增量的信号。或者,使容器以恒速转动,通过时间的增量推算容器转动的增量。
在位置24上容器22的一侧定位一光源30,将光能导向处于该位置的容器上。光源30包括一具有供电装置32的灯,通过一光纤束34与一光纤阵36相联。如图3所示,光纤阵36包括一由单独光纤元件38构成的基本一维的直线阵列。光缆34最好装入一壳体40中,在壳体中光缆束大致展开为基本为一个光纤元件厚的平面,从而光纤元件的终端构成如图3所示的直线阵列。光纤阵列最好包括几百个单独的光纤元件38,它们构成如图3所示的平面阵列。在与光纤阵列36的封闭端隔开的位置,通过适用的托架44(图4和图5)安装一柱面透镜42。在光源托架44上安装一平镜46,使其与透镜42成一角度,以反射来自光纤阵列36和透镜42的光能,使其穿过容器22的侧壁,在此光被聚焦成如前所述的窄的垂直条带。光源架44上还装有一夹具48,用来垂直呈角度地调整组件相对于检测位置24上的容器的定向。
相对于位置24处的容器22定位一直线阵列相机50(图1),以接收来自光源30并被容器侧壁内的裂纹反射的光能。相机50包括一直线阵列光学平行于检测位置24处的容器22的轴线23的光敏元件。一信息处理机52与直线阵列相机50和容器转动机构26联接,随着容器的旋转增加扫描相机50的元素,从而接受指示从光源30反射到相机的容器22侧壁上任何裂纹所指示的图象资料。线性阵列相机50、信息处理机52和容器转动机构26可以是上述美国专利No.4,584,469所公开的类型,该专利作为背景技术被引用。另外相机50也可采用在转让给受让人的未授权美国专利No.5,200,801中所公开的那种。
各光纤元件38的端部起到单光源的作用,来自该单光源的光线发散并射向柱面透镜42。透镜42的作用是在垂直于容器轴线23的方向将光线聚焦,如图1所示,但基本上不影响或改变单光线平行于容器轴线23的传递路径。因此,来自单独光纤元件端部的光线发散并互相交叉,从而当入射到容器侧壁时,光线基本高度聚焦在一平行于容器轴线的平面内,但在该平面内交叉并从多个不同角度照亮容器侧壁。在图2中,照明光束的总垂直尺寸用实线60表示,点划线62表示容器22侧壁内裂缝64的照射角。既使裂缝不是完全或基本平行于容器轴线23定向的,由于光线从多个不同的角度入射到裂缝64上,大大增加了相机50检测裂缝的机会。

Claims (11)

1、检查带有侧壁和一中心轴线的(半)透明容器(22)中的裂纹和/或裂缝的设备,包括为照亮容器侧壁上平行于容器轴线的一窄长条带的光源(32),一置于容器外部的相机(50),该相机用来接由沿垂直于照射光源轴线的反射光线轴向来的被照明的条带中的裂绞反射光线,以及用来依靠这种反射光的功能响应于相机来检查容器裂纹的装置(52),
其特征在于,所述光源(24)照射所述条带的方式为,照射光线在所述条带的任一点上在基本上相互共平面并与该条带共平面内从多个角度入射,从而容器侧壁内的非垂直幅射的裂纹和裂缝的检测得到改进。
2、如权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于所述相机(50)包括一光学平行于容器轴线的直线阵列光敏元件。
3、如权利要求2所述的设备,还包括使容器绕其中心轴线转动的装置(26)和随着容器转动的增加扫描所述直线阵列光敏元件的装置(52)。
4、如前述任一权利要求所述的设备,其特征在于所述光源(24)包括一光纤带(38),其一端与一照明源(32)联结,第二端排列成能将所述光投射到容器侧壁的所述长条带上。
5、如权利要求4所述的设备,其特征在于,所述光纤带(38)的所述第二端基本形成一光学平行于容器轴线的各光纤的直线阵列。
6、如权利要求5的设备,其特征在于,所述光源(24)包括一柱面透镜(42),在垂直于容器轴线的方向将来自所述光纤带的光线聚焦。
7、如权利要求5的设备,其特征在于所述光纤带(38)平行于容器中心轴线的尺寸至少与平行于其轴线的容器的被照条带一样大小。
8、如权利要求7的设备,其特征在于所述光源(24)还包括相对于容器和相机可调整地定位所述光源的装置(48)。
9、一种检测(半)透明容器(22)的方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)照射容器侧壁的一条长带,使照射光线在该条带内的任一点上多角度入射,(b)将被照条带上的裂纹反射的光能导向一光敏装置(50)上,和(c)通过这种反射能量的作用检查容器侧壁上的裂纹。
10、如权利要求9的方法,其特征在于所述步骤(a)是这样实施的,通过一光纤束(34)将光能导向所述被照条带,在光纤束(34)中各光纤排列成一光学上平行于被照条带的直线阵列(38)。
11、如权利要求10的方法,还包括步骤(d),容器(22)绕其中心轴线转动,容器的中心轴线平行于容器侧壁上的被照条带。
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CN102933955A (zh) * 2010-04-26 2013-02-13 贝克顿迪金森法国公司 用于检查物品的装置、成套设备和方法
CN102933955B (zh) * 2010-04-26 2015-06-24 贝克顿迪金森法国公司 一种成套设备和用于检查导光物品的表面的方法
CN103026213A (zh) * 2010-07-23 2013-04-03 Khs有限责任公司 用于瓶子接缝和压纹对正的检测系统和检查方法
CN103026213B (zh) * 2010-07-23 2016-03-16 Khs有限责任公司 用于瓶子接缝和压纹对正的检测系统和检查方法
CN103353806A (zh) * 2013-07-15 2013-10-16 深圳南玻显示器件科技有限公司 触控面板上透明引线的取相方法
CN103353806B (zh) * 2013-07-15 2016-08-03 深圳南玻显示器件科技有限公司 触控面板上透明引线的取相方法
CN110702696A (zh) * 2019-10-14 2020-01-17 珠海博明视觉科技有限公司 一种磁瓦表面缺陷检测装置

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CN1090323C (zh) 2002-09-04
PL305069A1 (en) 1995-03-20
ZA947194B (en) 1995-05-11
AU7295894A (en) 1995-03-30
DE69424236T2 (de) 2000-11-30
JPH07167798A (ja) 1995-07-04
DK0644417T3 (da) 2000-08-07
ES2145081T3 (es) 2000-07-01
PT644417E (pt) 2000-10-31
ATE192575T1 (de) 2000-05-15
PL175025B1 (pl) 1998-10-30
JP2896962B2 (ja) 1999-05-31
CA2132111C (en) 2003-11-18
EP0644417A1 (en) 1995-03-22
CO4370796A1 (es) 1996-10-07
EP0644417B1 (en) 2000-05-03
PE36195A1 (es) 1995-11-06
AU680671B2 (en) 1997-08-07
BR9403582A (pt) 1995-05-16
CA2132111A1 (en) 1995-03-17
DE69424236D1 (de) 2000-06-08

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