CN110993561A - 一种防止金属连接线断连的方法 - Google Patents

一种防止金属连接线断连的方法 Download PDF

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CN110993561A
CN110993561A CN201911191046.5A CN201911191046A CN110993561A CN 110993561 A CN110993561 A CN 110993561A CN 201911191046 A CN201911191046 A CN 201911191046A CN 110993561 A CN110993561 A CN 110993561A
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黄光伟
吴淑芳
陈智广
李立中
林伟铭
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Abstract

本发明公开一种防止金属连接线断连的方法,其中方法包括如下步骤:在带有第一金属层的砷化镓衬底上沉积介质层;涂布第一光阻层,经对准、显影去除待蚀刻处的第一光阻层,并涂布微缩光阻,进行烘烤;蚀刻介质层,形成凹槽,并去除第一光阻层;涂布第二光阻层,经对准、显影去除凹槽上待蚀刻处的第二光阻层,所述对准显影第二光阻层的宽度小于凹槽宽度;涂布微缩光阻,并进行烘烤;蚀刻剩余介质层,并去除第二光阻层。上述技术方案在实际作业中避免了后续沉积金属时,金属层出现断层或薄层的问题,同时也降低了制程成本。

Description

一种防止金属连接线断连的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及半导体制作领域,尤其涉及一种防止金属连接线断连的方法。
背景技术
常用介质膜(如:二氧化硅、氮化硅)作为杂质选择扩散的掩蔽膜、电容器的介电材料、器件或导线的电绝缘和隔离、器件的表面保护和钝化作用等。在半导体行业,大多采用湿法蚀刻工艺或干法蚀刻工艺对二氧化硅或氮化硅膜进行蚀刻。湿法蚀刻是各向同性的,蚀刻液在做纵向蚀刻时,侧向的蚀刻也同时发生;蚀刻时间过短,易造成底部介质膜的残留;蚀刻时间过长,易造成图形的咬边现象;干法蚀刻方向性较强,在进行纵向蚀刻时,横向蚀刻较小,薄膜蚀刻的蚀刻角度较大,垂直性好。二氧化硅或氮化硅蚀刻后,常需在其上用PVD工艺沉积上层金属以实现上下金属层之间的导通。但采用湿法蚀刻工艺,由于咬边现象,将会出现金属层的断层或薄层;采用干法蚀刻工艺,由于蚀刻角度较大,将会出现金属层的断层或薄层。所以在现有技术中,操作员一般沉积较厚的金属膜来避免金属断层或层薄,如此便造成金属的用量和成本的增加。
发明内容
为此,需要提供一种防止金属连接线断连的方法,解决金属层的断层或薄层问题。
为实现上述目的,发明人提供了一种防止金属连接线断连的方法,包括如下步骤:
在带有第一金属层的砷化镓衬底上沉积介质层;
涂布第一光阻层,经对准、显影去除待蚀刻处的第一光阻层,并涂布微缩光阻,进行烘烤,形成弧形的断面结构;
蚀刻介质层,形成凹槽,并去除第一光阻层;
涂布第二光阻层,经对准、显影去除凹槽上待蚀刻处的第二光阻层,所述对准显影第二光阻层的宽度小于凹槽宽度;
涂布微缩光阻,并进行烘烤,形成弧形的断面结构;
蚀刻剩余介质层,并去除第二光阻层。
进一步地,在去除第二光阻层步骤后还包括:
蒸镀第二金属层,所述第二金属层与第一金属层相连接。
进一步地,在进行两个烘烤步骤前,还包括步骤:进行水清洗。
进一步地,所述第一光阻层、第二光阻层为正光阻。
进一步地,所述凹槽深度为所述介质层的一半。
进一步地,所述介质层为一氮化硅或二氧化硅。
区别于现有技术,上述技术方案经过二次蚀刻,减小每层断面高度,通过分层蚀刻克服现有技术中蒸镀金属时,出现的断层或薄层的问题。本发明先以第一光阻层、微缩光阻为掩膜,进行第一次的蚀刻,蚀刻介质层的深度为所沉积介质层的部分厚度,并去除第一光阻层;再次蚀刻则是以第二光阻层、微缩光阻为掩膜进行第二次的蚀刻,此次蚀刻将去除介质层剩余部分,使位于介质层下的第一金属层暴露出来。需要说明的是,第二次的蚀刻的宽度小于第一次蚀刻的宽度,具体的,逐次逐层减小的蚀刻宽度将使所述介质层出现上大下小的梯级通孔。同时在上述所涂布的第一光阻层、第二光阻层的厚度均为
Figure BDA0002293577320000021
Figure BDA0002293577320000022
之间,其在蚀刻时将保护其余未蚀刻区域介质层的完好性。在实际作业中,为了防止金属断层或薄层的情况发生,发明将原先的一层断面结构,通过阶梯状的过度改为二层断面结构,二层断面结构中每层断面高度之和等于原先单层断面高度;进一步地,通过对微缩光阻烘烤,将原先垂直的断面结构,修整为弧形的断面结构,以至于在蚀刻介质层时,所述介质层的断面也将呈现弧形的断面结构。需要说明的是,弧形的断面结构避免了原先沉积金属时,金属对所述介质层垂直断面处的附着力不够,致使竖直方向上的金属层较少或是没有。具体的,发明人将断面高度转换为宽度,意增加金属在介质层的附着力,提升沉积金属的厚度。上述技术方案在实际作业中避免了后续沉积金属时,金属层出现断层或薄层的问题,同时也降低了成本。
附图说明
图1为介质层、第一金属层结构示意图;
图2为第一光阻层、微缩光阻的结构示意图;
图3为蚀刻第一光阻层、介质层的结构示意图;
图4为凹槽的结构示意图;
图5为蚀刻第二光阻层、介质层的结构示意图;
图6为介质层的结构示意图;
图7为第二金属层的结构示意图;
附图标记说明:
1、第一金属层;
2、第一光阻层;
3、介质层;
301、凹槽;
4、第二光阻层;
5、第二金属层。
具体实施方式
为详细说明技术方案的技术内容、构造特征、所实现目的及效果,以下结合具体实施例并配合附图详予说明。
请参阅图1至6,在本实施例中,提供了一种防止金属连接线断连的方法,包括如下步骤:在带有第一金属层1的砷化镓衬底上沉积介质层3,所述介质层3可以为一氮化硅或者二氧化硅;涂布第一光阻层2,经对准、显影去除待蚀刻处的第一光阻层2,并涂布微缩光阻,进行烘烤;蚀刻介质层3,形成凹槽301,优选的,所述凹槽301深度为所述介质层3的一半,并去除第一光阻层2,需要说明的是,介质层3与第一光阻层2是同时蚀刻,蚀刻介质层3的同时所述第一光阻层2也将变薄;涂布第二光阻层4,经对准、显影去除凹槽301上待蚀刻处的第二光阻层4,所述对准显影第二光阻层4的宽度小于凹槽301底部宽度,使第二次的蚀刻的宽度小于第一次蚀刻的宽度;涂布微缩光阻,并进行烘烤;蚀刻剩余介质层3,并去除第二光阻层4,需要说明的是,剩余的介质层3与第二光阻层4也是同时蚀刻,蚀刻介质层3的同时所述第二光阻层4也将变薄。上述技术方案经过二次蚀刻,通过分层蚀刻克服现有技术中蒸镀金属时,因原先单层层断面过高,出现的断层或薄层的问题。本发明先以第一光阻层2、微缩光阻为掩膜,进行第一次的蚀刻,蚀刻介质层3的深度为所沉积介质层3的一半的厚度,并去除第一光阻层2;再次蚀刻则是以第二光阻层4、微缩光阻为掩膜进行第二次的蚀刻,此次蚀刻将去除介质层3剩余部分,使位于介质层3下的第一金属层1暴露出来。需要说明的是,因所述对准显影第二光阻层4的宽度小于凹槽301底部宽度,第二次的蚀刻的宽度将小于第一次蚀刻的宽度,具体的,逐次逐层减小的蚀刻宽度将使所述介质层3出现上大下小的梯级通孔,在断面高度较高的情况下还可以多次蚀刻,每次蚀刻所对准显影的光阻区域都将比上一次对准显影区域小。同时在上述所涂布的第一光阻层2、第二光阻层4的厚度均为
Figure BDA0002293577320000041
Figure BDA0002293577320000042
之间,其在蚀刻时将保护其余未蚀刻区域介质层3的完好性。在实际作业中,为了防止金属断层或薄层的情况发生,发明将原先的一层断面结构,通过阶梯状的过度改为二层断面结构,二层断面结构中每层断面高度之和等于原先单层断面高度;进一步地,通过对微缩光阻烘烤,将原先垂直的第一光阻层2、第二光阻层4的断面结构,改为弧形的断面结构,以至于在蚀刻介质层3时,所述介质层3的断面也将呈现弧形的断面结构。需要说明的是,弧形的断面结构避免了原先沉积金属时,金属对所述介质层3垂直断面处的附着力不够,致使竖直方向上的金属层较少或是没有。具体的,发明人将断面高度转换为宽度,意增加金属在介质层3的附着力,提升沉积金属的厚度。上述技术方案在实际作业中避免了后续沉积金属时,金属层出现断层或薄层的问题,同时也降低了制程成本。
请参阅图7,在本实施例中,在去除第二光阻层4步骤后还包括:蒸镀第二金属层5,所述第二金属层5与第一金属层1相连接。第二金属层5的蒸镀保证了上下层电路的相互连通。
在本实施例中,在进行两个烘烤步骤前,还包括步骤:进行水清洗。水清洗将去除微缩光阻上的多余杂质,提高半导体制程的精确性,同时也将避免晶圆的损毁。在本实施例中,所述第一光阻层2、第二光阻层4为正光阻。正光阻的曝光、显影可以使得所制作出来的开口宽度由上至下是逐渐减小的。
需要说明的是,尽管在本文中已经对上述各实施例进行了描述,但并非因此限制本发明的专利保护范围。因此,基于本发明的创新理念,对本文所述实施例进行的变更和修改,或利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,直接或间接地将以上技术方案运用在其他相关的技术领域,均包括在本发明的专利保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种防止金属连接线断连的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
在带有第一金属层的砷化镓衬底上沉积介质层;
涂布第一光阻层,经对准、显影去除待蚀刻处的第一光阻层,并涂布微缩光阻,进行烘烤,形成弧形的断面结构;
蚀刻介质层,形成凹槽,并去除第一光阻层;
涂布第二光阻层,经对准、显影去除凹槽上待蚀刻处的第二光阻层,所述对准显影第二光阻层的宽度小于凹槽宽度;
涂布微缩光阻,并进行烘烤,形成弧形的断面结构;
蚀刻剩余介质层,并去除第二光阻层。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种防止金属连接线断连的方法,其特征在于,在去除第二光阻层步骤后还包括:
蒸镀第二金属层,所述第二金属层与第一金属层相连接。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种防止金属连接线断连的方法,其特征在于,在进行两个烘烤步骤前,还包括步骤:进行水清洗。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种防止金属连接线断连的方法,其特征在于,所述第一光阻层、第二光阻层为正光阻。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种防止金属连接线断连的方法,其特征在于,所述凹槽深度为所述介质层的一半。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种防止金属连接线断连的方法,其特征在于,所述介质层为一氮化硅或二氧化硅。
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US20020047209A1 (en) * 2000-10-20 2002-04-25 Lee Suk Joo Method for forming contact hole for dual damascene interconnection of semiconductor device and resultant structure
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