CN110896960A

CN110896960A - Multi-element konjac disinfection powder and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110896960A
Application number: CN201911298440.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨银洲
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-12-17
Filing date: 2019-12-17
Publication date: 2020-03-24

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of plant disease control, and discloses a konjak multi-element disinfection powder and a preparation method thereof, wherein the konjak multi-element disinfection powder comprises the following components: slaked lime powder, sulfur powder, potassium carbonate and copper hydroxide. The invention is a powder prepared by fully mixing four components, the four components are mixed in a pharmacological way, and the powder is disinfected and sterilized, so that the soft rot and southern blight of konjak can be effectively prevented and treated, the defect of cross infection easily caused by soaking by adopting a bactericide is overcome, meanwhile, acid soil can be well improved, and the nitrification and the pH value of the soil can be adjusted; the multi-element konjac disinfection powder provided by the invention is adopted, the whole process of preventing and controlling starts from the sterilization and disinfection of konjac seed breeding, then the disease is removed in time after the emergence of seedlings and the disease is found, then the disease focus is smeared, and finally the disease focus is isolated, so that the problems of high morbidity and quick infection of soft rot and southern blight of konjac are well solved, and the high yield and income increase of konjac planting are realized.

Description

Multi-element konjac disinfection powder and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of plant disease control, in particular to a konjak multi-element disinfection powder and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Konjak, also called konjak, has been cultivated in China for more than 2000 years, is a rare plant with high glucomannan content, and the content of corm glucomannan (KGM) of the konjak can reach about 60 percent of dry weight. The konjac glucomannan is the best dietary fiber, is a 'seventh nutrient element' essential to human bodies, is one of preferred foods for patients with digestive tract diseases such as hypertension, obesity, diabetes, constipation, intestinal cancer and the like, and has wide application in the fields of medical treatment and health, fine chemical industry, biological medicine and the like. Therefore, the konjak has very high economic value, is widely applied to the fields of food, medical health products and biochemical industry, has wide market demands at home and abroad, and has an annual demand (in terms of fresh konjak) of 45 ten thousand tons only in the markets of Japan, Korea, southeast Asia and Europe and America, while the annual output of fresh konjak is only 38 ten thousand tons as one of the major countries of konjak in China, so that the method is difficult to meet the large demand of the markets at home and abroad. Therefore, the method takes the planting processing of the konjac as an important industry for accurate poverty relief of the current country in all levels of local governments of provinces such as Enshi decaweir city of Yichang city of Chongqing, Guizhou, Sichuan and Hubei provinces in China to grab and develop the planting industry of the konjac in a planned way, establish a commercial konjac base, expand the production and have very important significance for helping farmers in poverty-poor mountainous areas.

The konjak industry has an unlimited business opportunity, and the weakest and unstable link in the whole konjak industry chain is just the source industry, namely the taro planting industry. The biggest bottleneck influencing the development of the planting industry of the konjac is the prevention and control problem of soft rot and southern blight of the konjac. The soft rot of konjak is a bacterial disease which has great infectivity and destruction effect on konjak plants, is called cancer of konjak, the yield loss of konjak can reach 30-50% when serious happens, sometimes can reach more than 80% and even be up to the top of the death, and the soft rot of konjak is a bacterial soil-borne disease infected by pectin chrysanthemum bacillus, Erwinia chrysanthemi and the like; southern blight is also known as sclerotic root rot and sclerotic seedling blight, damages rhizomes, has the pathogen of sclerotium rolfsii, and belongs to fungi of deuteromycotina. Pathogenic bacteria of soft rot and pathogenic fungi of southern blight are all very strong, and no disease-resistant variety with obvious resistance to the disease is found at present. Therefore, when the taros are planted, the first step is to sterilize the taros and soil, which is a very critical and important step.

Most taro farmers use a disinfectant to disinfect seed taros by soaking the seed taros with a disinfectant, but when the common disinfectant is used, germs are easy to generate drug resistance, so that the germs are not killed, but the germ-carrying taros are infected to healthy taros through liquid medicine, and the morbidity is higher.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the multi-element konjac disinfectant powder is provided.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides konjak multi-element disinfection powder which comprises the following components:

slaked lime powder, sulfur powder, potassium carbonate and copper hydroxide.

Further, the konjac multi-element disinfection powder comprises the following components in parts by weight:

700-800 parts of hydrated lime powder, 80-120 parts of sulfur powder, 80-120 parts of potassium carbonate and 40-60 parts of copper hydroxide.

750 parts of slaked lime powder, 100 parts of sulfur powder, 100 parts of potassium carbonate and 50 parts of copper hydroxide.

Further, the calcium oxide content of the hydrated lime powder is 95-97%.

Further, the purity of the potassium carbonate is 98-99%.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the konjac multi-element disinfection powder, which comprises the following steps:

1) pouring slaked lime powder into a stirrer bucket for stirring;

2) pouring sulfur powder into a stirrer to be mixed with slaked lime powder, and stirring for 30-45 minutes to fully mix the slaked lime powder and the sulfur powder to form lime sulfur powder;

3) putting potassium carbonate into a stirrer to be mixed with the stirred lime sulfur powder, and stirring for 30-45 minutes;

4) finally, pouring copper hydroxide into a stirrer to be mixed with the stirred materials, and stirring for 60-75 minutes to uniformly mix all the components in the stirrer to form the powder of the konjac multi-element disinfection powder;

5) and (3) conveying the uniformly stirred powder into a powder filling machine through a conveying belt for filling, and packaging according to 20 kg/bag.

The sterilization mechanism of the konjak multi-element disinfection powder is as follows:

1. the slaked lime powder is alkaline, and the generated calcium can denature protein, kill bacteria and fungi and improve soil, so the slaked lime powder has a killing effect on konjak soft rot germs and southern blight germs;

2. the sulfur powder is a common raw material of pesticide, can be used for adjusting the nitrification and the pH value of soil, can also be used for preparing insecticide and bactericide, has selective toxicity on fungal spores, and can be used as a protective bactericide for the disease of the rhizoctonia solani;

3. the slaked lime powder and the sulfur powder are fully stirred and mixed to form lime-sulfur mixture, the lime-sulfur mixture is called stone-sulfur mixture for short, is used for sterilization, disinsection and acarid killing, and the sterilization effect is greatly enhanced compared with the case of singly using the slaked lime powder and the sulfur powder;

4. the potassium carbonate is an alkaline potassium fertilizer, and when the alkaline potassium fertilizer is used in agricultural production, particularly in taro planting, the growth and yield of crops can be promoted, and the functions of sterilization and disinfection can also be achieved. The plant ash is a raw material of a disinfectant widely existing in rural areas, has a strong effect of killing pathogenic bacteria and viruses, and has an effect similar to that of common strong disinfectant caustic soda, but the content of potassium carbonate in the plant ash is only 10-15%, so that the requirements of large-area soil disinfection and sterilization and large-amount yam planting disinfection and sterilization cannot be met, and the content of potassium carbonate in industrial production adopted by the invention reaches 98%, namely 100 kg of potassium carbonate is equal to 1000 kg of plant ash;

5. copper hydroxide is used as a commonly used bactericide component for preventing and controlling plant diseases, has a good killing effect on bacteria and fungi, contains copper ions which are absorbed by germinated fungal spores, and can kill spore cells when reaching a certain concentration, so that the bactericide has a sterilization effect;

the four powders with the sterilization function are fully mixed together and are mixed in a pharmacological fusion way, so that not only bacterial pathogens of soft rot can be killed, but also fungal pathogens of southern blight can be killed, and therefore, the soft rot and southern blight of konjak can be effectively prevented and treated.

The use method of the konjak multi-element disinfection powder comprises the following steps:

1. spreading seed taro on the ground, spreading the konjac multi-element disinfection powder on the seed taro, uniformly wrapping, and then loading into a basket for storage;

2. soil disinfection, namely uniformly scattering 5-10 kg of soil per mu of land on the ground surface, and then ploughing;

3. treating diseased plant

3.1 if the konjak leaves are attacked, uniformly scattering the konjak multi-element disinfection powder on the leaves;

3.2 if the petioles begin to rot, scraping the rotten parts clean by bamboo chips or wood chips, and then smearing the konjac multi-element disinfection powder;

3.3 if the half leaf of the konjak turns yellow, the underground corm at the side with the yellow leaf is rotten, the soil is planed, the rotten part is scraped off by wood chips or bamboo chips, then the multi-element konjak disinfection powder is filled in and smeared on the focus part, and then the soil is covered, the method can treat the soft rot and the southern blight of the konjak without infecting;

4. and (4) isolation of diseased plants, namely clearing diseased plants which are late in seedling pouring, filling overground parts into a plastic barrel, taking out the plants, intensively spraying the konjac multi-element disinfection powder outside the field, burying the plants, and spraying the konjac multi-element disinfection powder on a diseased pond, so that the problem of infection caused by damage to surrounding healthy konjac root systems due to excavation of diseased plant soil in the past is effectively solved.

Note that:

1. the seed coating agent is used for coating 100 kilograms of colocasia esculenta seeds in 2 kilograms of disinfection powder, and the coating powder like a salted duck egg is avoided;

2. the disinfectant powder is not easy to be wetted by rain or stacked in a humid environment in the process of transportation and storage;

3. in the spreading process, a tool for filling the disinfection powder is forbidden to use a cloth bag and needs to be filled in a plastic barrel;

4. when the disinfection powder is used, latex gloves and protective masks are worn;

4. if the skin and clothes are carelessly cleaned with the disinfectant powder, the user should immediately wash the skin and clothes with 10% white vinegar solution, and if the skin and clothes are not comfortable, the user should seek medical advice.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the konjak multi-element disinfection powder is powder formed by fully mixing four components, the four components are mixed in a pharmacological mode, and the disinfection and sterilization can effectively prevent and treat soft rot and southern blight diseases of konjak, overcome the defect of cross infection easily caused by soaking the konjak in a bactericide, and simultaneously can well improve acid soil and adjust the nitrification and pH value of the soil;

2. by adopting the konjac multi-element disinfection powder, the problems of high morbidity and quick infection of soft rot and southern blight of konjac can be well solved, and high yield and income of konjac planting can be realized.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in detail below for the purpose of better understanding technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and the description of the present invention is only exemplary and explanatory and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way.

The invention provides konjak multi-element disinfection powder which comprises the following components:

slaked lime powder, sulfur powder, potassium carbonate and copper hydroxide.

The konjak multi-element disinfection powder comprises the following components in parts by weight:

1) pouring slaked lime powder into a stirrer bucket for stirring;

2) pouring sulfur powder into a stirrer to be mixed with slaked lime powder, stirring for 30-45 minutes to fully mix the slaked lime powder and the sulfur powder to form lime sulfur powder, and preferably stirring for 30 minutes;

3) putting potassium carbonate into a stirrer to be mixed with the stirred lime sulfur powder, and stirring for 30-45 minutes, preferably 30 minutes;

4) finally, pouring copper hydroxide into a stirrer to be mixed with the stirred materials, and stirring for 60-75 minutes, preferably 60 minutes, so that all the components in the stirrer are uniformly mixed to form the powder of the konjac multi-element disinfection powder;

Theoretically, the higher the purity of the raw materials of the respective components, the better the effect of the prepared sterilizing powder, but the higher the purity, the higher the cost. In the case of potassium carbonate, the cost of using potassium carbonate with a purity of 99.9% may be twice as high as that of using potassium carbonate with a purity of 98%, but the gain of the disinfection effect of the prepared disinfection powder is not doubled, and the input and effect are not matched, so that the purity of the slaked lime powder used is 95% -97%, preferably 95%; the purity of the potassium carbonate is 98 to 99 percent, preferably 98 percent.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples:

example 1

Taking 700g of hydrated lime powder with the purity of 95 percent, and pouring the hydrated lime powder into a stirrer bucket for stirring; then, 80g of sulfur powder is poured into a stirrer to be mixed with the slaked lime powder, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes, so that the slaked lime powder and the sulfur powder are fully mixed to form lime sulfur powder; 80g of potassium carbonate with the purity of 98 percent is taken and put into a stirrer to be mixed with the stirred lime sulfur powder, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes; pouring 40g of copper hydroxide into a stirrer to be mixed with the stirred materials, and stirring for 60 minutes to uniformly mix all the components in the stirrer to obtain the powder of the konjac multi-element disinfection powder.

Example 2

Pouring 750g of hydrated lime powder with the purity of 95% into a stirrer bucket for stirring; then 100g of sulfur powder is poured into a stirrer to be mixed with the slaked lime powder, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes, so that the slaked lime powder and the sulfur powder are fully mixed to form lime sulfur powder; 100g of potassium carbonate with the purity of 98 percent is taken and put into a stirrer to be mixed with the stirred lime sulfur powder, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes; and pouring 50g of copper hydroxide into a stirrer to be mixed with the stirred materials, and stirring for 60 minutes to uniformly mix all the components in the stirrer to obtain the powder of the konjac multi-element disinfection powder.

Example 3

Pouring 800g of hydrated lime powder with the purity of 95 percent into a stirrer bucket for stirring; then, pouring 120g of sulfur powder into a stirrer to be mixed with the slaked lime powder, and stirring for 30 minutes to fully mix the slaked lime powder and the sulfur powder to form lime sulfur powder; 120g of potassium carbonate with the purity of 98 percent is taken to be put into a stirrer to be mixed with the stirred lime sulfur powder, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes; and pouring 60g of copper hydroxide into a stirrer to be mixed with the stirred materials, and stirring for 60 minutes to uniformly mix all the components in the stirrer to obtain the powder of the konjac multi-element disinfection powder.

In addition, a commonly used soft rot control bactericide was used as comparative example 1.

Equally dividing the same batch of seed taro into five parts, and taking three parts of seed taro to respectively use the powder of the konjac multi-element disinfection powder prepared in the above embodiments 1-3 for sterilization and disinfection: spreading the seed taro on the ground, spreading the konjac multi-element disinfection powder on the seed taro, uniformly wrapping, and then putting into a basket for storage;

soaking one part of the seed taro with a common soft rot control bactericide for disinfection;

the final portion of the taro was not sterilized and treated as comparative example 2.

The five taros are respectively planted in five test fields with the same conditions, and the emergence rate and the seedling stage morbidity of the konjac in the five test fields are compared:

from the comparison result, the emergence rate of the konjac seeds in the examples 1-3 after the konjac multi-element disinfection powder is adopted can reach more than 90%, and is greatly improved compared with the comparative example 2, while the emergence rate of the konjac seeds in the comparative example 1 after the konjac seeds are soaked and disinfected by a common bactericide is improved compared with the emergence rate of the konjac seeds in the non-disinfected comparative example 2, but the effect is not obvious;

the soft rot incidence rate of konjac seeds in seedling stage of konjac of examples 1-3 is controlled within 3%, the southern blight incidence rate is controlled within 5%, the total incidence rate is within 9%, compared with comparative examples 1 and 2, the incidence rate is greatly reduced, the incidence rate of konjac seeds in seedling stage of konjac of comparative example 1 is higher than that of konjac seeds in seedling stage of comparative example 2, and the control effect is very good after the multi-element konjac disinfectant powder disclosed by the invention is adopted;

in summary, the embodiment 2 is the best embodiment, so the optimal proportion of the components of the konjak multi-component disinfection powder is as follows by weight: 750 parts of slaked lime powder, 100 parts of sulfur powder, 100 parts of potassium carbonate and 50 parts of copper hydroxide.

The multi-element konjac disinfection powder provided by the invention can be used for preventing and controlling the whole process from the start of sterilization and disinfection of konjac seed breeding to the end of seedling emergence, timely removing rotten plants after the disease emergence is found, smearing the focus and finally isolating the diseased plants, can well solve the problems of high morbidity and quick infection of soft rot and southern blight of konjac, can well improve acid soil and adjust the nitrification and pH value of the soil based on the alkalinity of the four components, and can increase the fertilizer for the production of konjac by using potassium carbonate as a common alkaline potassium fertilizer, so that the high yield and the income of konjac planting are realized.

Conclusion of experimental demonstration

1. Tests of a konjac multi-element disinfection powder by the research center of konjac seed and seedling engineering technology of the national academy of agricultural sciences of Enshi and Hubei province draw the conclusion that the rate of emergence of konjac multi-element disinfection powder treated seeds is 96 percent and is 14 percent higher than that of a control in view of the observation result of the agricultural characters of the field; the incidence rates of soft rot and southern blight in seedling stage treatment are 1.3% and 3.3%, respectively, the total incidence rate is 4.6%, and is reduced by 14.8% compared with the control, and the test is carried out by adopting seed taro without any treatment as the control. The konjac multi-element disinfection powder has a certain effect on solving continuous cropping obstacles of konjac from a konjac seed coating agent and soil disinfection treatment, can effectively reduce the morbidity of soft rot and southern blight, and simultaneously enhances the disease resistance of konjac plants due to robust growth.

2. In 2019, 3 and 25 days in 2019, 60 tons of second-generation konjac seeds are wrapped with disinfection powder to serve as seed coating agent, the konjac is planted for 180 mu of land, the konjac still remains green oil in 10 months, the konjac grows healthily, the morbidity does not exceed 4%, and the overall effect is very good.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The multi-element konjac disinfection powder is characterized by comprising the following components:

slaked lime powder, sulfur powder, potassium carbonate and copper hydroxide.

2. The multi-element konjac disinfectant powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the konjac multi-element disinfection powder comprises the following components in parts by weight:

3. The multi-element konjac disinfectant powder as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the konjak multi-element disinfection powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 750 parts of slaked lime powder, 100 parts of sulfur powder, 100 parts of potassium carbonate and 50 parts of copper hydroxide.

4. The multi-component konjac disinfectant powder according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the purity of the slaked lime powder is 95-97%.

5. The multi-component konjac disinfectant powder according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the purity of the potassium carbonate is 98-99%.

6. The method for producing the multi-element konjac disinfectant powder according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:

1) pouring slaked lime powder into a stirrer bucket for stirring;