CN110754275A - Method for preventing and treating citrus tree diseases and insect pests by combining biochemistry and biochemistry - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating citrus tree diseases and insect pests by combining biochemistry and biochemistry Download PDFInfo
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- CN110754275A CN110754275A CN201911068483.8A CN201911068483A CN110754275A CN 110754275 A CN110754275 A CN 110754275A CN 201911068483 A CN201911068483 A CN 201911068483A CN 110754275 A CN110754275 A CN 110754275A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling main pests such as diaphorina citri, leaf miner, aphid, whitefly, red spider and the like by combining root pesticide application and predatory mite release, which is characterized in that systemic pesticide is applied under the water dripping line of a crown during spring tip, summer tip and autumn tip germination, then predatory mite (amblyseius barkeri) is released by a spreading method respectively in the first 6 th and the first 9 th months, and average release of not less than 1000 heads per tree. The invention can organically combine chemical control and biological control, and utilizes root pesticide application to replace foliage spraying, thereby avoiding killing predatory mites by pesticide, and can use the technology of controlling mites by mites while utilizing chemical pesticide to control citrus pests, thereby reducing the use of pesticide, reducing the use times of pesticide by 7-10 times every year, reducing the control cost and improving the control efficiency of pests.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant protection, and particularly relates to a method for preventing and controlling main pests such as diaphorina citri, leaf miner, aphid, whitefly, red spider and the like by combining root pesticide application and predatory mite release.
Background
The citrus pests mainly comprise pests such as diaphorina citri, citrus leaf miner, aphid, whitefly, red spider and the like, wherein the diaphorina citri is an insect vector for transmitting citrus yellow shoot, and the germs can be transmitted to healthy citrus trees by sucking the diaphorina citri on diseased trees infected with the yellow shoot for 15 minutes. The diaphorina citri can be bred for one generation in 15-20 days at a proper temperature, the generation can be bred for more than 10 generations all the year round, the generations are overlapped, in order to prevent and control the diaphorina citri, 1-2 times of pesticide is sprayed for each generation, and more than 20 times of pesticide is sprayed all the year round. The frequent use of pesticides not only has high cost and low control efficiency, but also destroys the orchard ecosystem and easily causes pests to be rampant again.
The citrus leaf miner is a pest which seriously damages the young citrus shoot, 15 generations can occur in one year, the generations are overlapped, and the damage to the young citrus shoot is the most serious in summer and autumn in 7-9 months. When the young shoots are 2-3 mm long, the young shoots need to be sprayed with pesticide, the young shoots need to be re-sprayed once every 7 days, the young shoots need to be sprayed for 2-3 times in the whole shoot period, and the young shoots need to be sprayed with pesticide for more than 10 times all the year round. The citrus leaf miner is a pest which is easy to cause citrus canker, belongs to the order Acarina and Tetranychidae, and has long occurrence time, small mite body, strong fecundity and many generations. Under the appropriate conditions, the citrus red spiders can propagate one generation for about 16 days, the propagation generation numbers of different regions are different, and the citrus red spiders can propagate more than 20 generations in regions with higher temperature. At present, the red spider is mainly sprayed with chemical pesticide, and the pesticide is used for more than 15 times every year. Because of the increasing resistance of red spiders, some places face the situation where no pesticide is available, and the control of red spiders by predatory mites is an effective method which is expected to replace chemical pesticides.
The biggest bottleneck of the technology of controlling mites by mites is that the pesticide cannot be sprayed after predatory mites are released, and in the citrus yellow shoot epidemic area, the pesticide is sprayed for at least 15 days for controlling the citrus psyllid, otherwise, the citrus yellow shoot easily erupts. Under the condition of traditional spraying pesticide on the leaf surface to prevent and control plant diseases and insect pests, the technology of using mites to control mites has the problems of difficult popularization, easy failure, low application value and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to solve the problem that the chemical pesticide control is incompatible with the mite control technology, change the chemical pesticide application method, change the foliar spraying into the root application, and prevent the predatory mites from contacting with the chemical pesticide, so that the predatory mites can be released to control the red spiders while the good pests are controlled.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for controlling citrus tree diseases and insect pests by combining biochemistry and biochemistry comprises the following steps:
(1) chemical control: during sprouting in the first 3 th of spring top, the last 5 th of summer top and the last 7 th of autumn top, systemic pesticide is applied under the water dripping line of the crown, and the pesticide is: one or two of thiamethoxam, clothianidin, flupyradifurone, trifluorophenylpyrimidine, sulfoxaflor and spirotetramat are mixed, the application concentration is 50-200mg/L, and the amount of the applied liquid medicine is determined according to the age of the trees;
(2) biological control: biological control is carried out in the first 6 th and the first 9 th months, and predatory mites are adopted for control.
Preferably, the method for controlling the pests and the diseases by combining biochemistry: the biological control in step (2) consists of the following steps: (1) selecting predatory mites; (2) artificially breeding predatory mites; (3) releasing predatory mites;
the predatory mites selected in the step (1) are Amblyseius barkeri;
the breeding process in the step (2) is as follows: (1) placing a circular sponge with the diameter of 4cm in a culture dish with the diameter of 7cm, covering a layer of cellophane on the sponge, then placing 20g of a mixture of fresh asparagus leaves and flour in equal proportion and 300 head of flour mites, adding 15ml of water into the culture dish, wherein the height of the water surface is one third of the height of the culture dish;
(2) placing the Amblyseius barkeri in the ovum in a mixture of fresh asparagus leaves and flour in equal proportion, wherein the Amblyseius barkeri in the ovum comprises the following steps: the number ratio of the acarids is 1: 100;
(3) the dishes were then placed at 28 ℃, RH 75%, photoperiod: l, D is 14 h: a 10h artificial climate box;
(4) checking the development condition of the adult Amblyseius barkeri, and collecting the adult Amblyseius barkeri every 3 days according to the number of the adult Amblyseius barkeri for later use;
the process of releasing predatory mites in the step (3) is as follows: the Amblyseius barkeri is released by a spreading method, each Amblyseius barkeri is released by more than 1000 heads, and the pesticide harmful to the predatory mites cannot be sprayed on the leaf surface of the predatory mites within 30 days after the Amblyseius barkeri is released.
Preferably, the amount of the liquid medicine to be applied is determined according to the age of the tree, and is characterized in that: the specific application dosage is as follows: 5-15 jin of water is applied to 1-3-year-old citrus trees, 15-25 jin of water is applied to 3-5-year-old citrus trees, 25-40 jin of water is applied to 5-8-year-old citrus trees, and 50 jin of water is applied to the citrus trees for more than 8 years. Preferably, the pesticide which can not be sprayed on the leaf surface of the predatory mites to damage the predatory mites within 30 days after the release is characterized in that the pesticide is as follows: pyrethroid pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides, and carbamate pesticides.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method combining root pesticide application and predatory mite release can efficiently prevent and control pests such as diaphorina citri, latent moth, aphid, whitefly, red spider and the like, reduces the pesticide application frequency from more than 20 times to 5-10 times per year, and well solves the problems of contradiction between chemical control and biological control and pesticide resistance of the pests. The method has the characteristics of simplicity, feasibility, wide application area, high benefit and the like, and has good popularization and application prospects.
Example 1
Breeding predatory mites:
(1) selecting predatory mites; (2) artificially breeding predatory mites; (3) releasing predatory mites;
the predatory mites selected in the step (1) are Amblyseius barkeri;
the breeding process in the step (2) is as follows:
(1) placing a circular sponge with the diameter of 4cm in a culture dish with the diameter of 7cm, covering a layer of cellophane on the sponge, then placing 20g of a mixture of fresh asparagus leaves and flour in equal proportion and 300 head of flour mites, adding 15ml of water into the culture dish, wherein the height of the water surface is one third of the height of the culture dish;
(2) placing the Amblyseius barkeri in the ovum in a mixture of fresh asparagus leaves and flour in equal proportion, wherein the Amblyseius barkeri in the ovum comprises the following steps: the number ratio of the acarids is 1: 100;
(3) the dishes were then placed at 28 ℃, RH 75%, photoperiod: l, D is 14 h: a 10h artificial climate box;
(4) checking the development condition of the adult Amblyseius barkeri, and collecting the adult Amblyseius barkeri every 3 days according to the number of the adult Amblyseius barkeri for later use;
the process of releasing predatory mites in the step (3) is as follows: the Amblyseius barkeri is released by a spreading method, each Amblyseius barkeri is released by more than 1000 heads, and the pesticide harmful to the predatory mites cannot be sprayed on the leaf surface of the predatory mites within 30 days after the Amblyseius barkeri is released.
Example 2
The applied orchard is a 500-mu navel orange orchard of a Changlong Zhen Yu calabash family farm in Chongyi county of Ganzhou, field planting is carried out in 2016 and 3 months, and experiments are carried out in 2018. Respectively applying 200mg/L systemic pesticide to the roots of the first 3 th, the last 5 th and the last 7 th of the month, irrigating 10-15 jin of liquid medicine for each citrus tree, and releasing the Amblyseius barkeri in the first 6 th and the last 9 th of the month by a spreading mode, wherein the number of each citrus tree is not less than 1000. After 6 months, the pesticide is not sprayed, and only the bactericide is sprayed to prevent and treat citrus sand skin disease and canker. Respectively surveying 5 trees randomly in spring shoots, summer shoots and autumn shoots, wherein each tree surveys the occurrence conditions of diaphorina citri, leaf miner, whitefly, aphid and red spider according to five directions of east, west, south, north and middle, 3 tips are taken in each direction, the corresponding damaged shoots are counted as long as one leaf pest is damaged on each branch, and the specific experimental results are shown in table 1. The occurrence conditions of the citrus psyllid, the leaf miner, the whitefly, the aphid and the red spider of the blank control are 65-90 percent, 40-95 percent, 30-58 percent, 20-48 percent and 4-18 heads/leaf respectively. As can be seen from table 1, no diaphorina citri was found in any of the spring shoots, summer shoots and autumn shoots, indicating that the present invention is capable of completely controlling diaphorina citri. The citrus leaf miner, the whitefly, the aphid and the red spider only take place sporadically and are below the economic threshold, the invention can simultaneously prevent and control main citrus pests such as citrus psylla, the leaf miner, the aphid, the whitefly, the red spider and the like, and after 6 months, the invention does not need to spray insecticide, thereby greatly reducing the pesticide consumption, saving the labor force, reducing the prevention and control pressure and improving the prevention and control efficiency.
TABLE 1.2018 preventive and treatment effects of Ganzhou Chongyi rain gourd family farm navel orange orchard
Example 3
The orchard implemented is a 100-mu navel orange orchard in a Zhufanxiangxing red family farm in the Nankang region of Ganzhou city, the field planting is carried out in 2015 for 10 months, and the experiment is carried out in 2019. Respectively applying 200mg/L systemic pesticide to the roots of the first 3 th, the last 5 th and the last 7 th of the month, enabling each citrus tree to pass through a fertilizing gun, injecting 20-30 jin of pesticide into soil, and releasing the Amblyseius barkeri in a spreading manner in the first 6 th and the last 9 th of the month, wherein the number of each citrus tree is not less than 1000. The specific experimental results are shown in table 2. The fertilizer gun is inserted into soil for injection and pesticide application, so that the diaphorina citri, leaf miner, whitefly and aphid can be controlled.
TABLE 2.2019 prevention and treatment effects of Ganzhou Nankang Zhufangxiang Red family farm navel orange orchard
| Pest pests | Occurrence of spring shoot | Occurrence of summer tip | Occurrence of autumn tip |
| Diaphorina citri (Bull. ex Fr.) Quel | 0％ | 0％ | 0％ |
| Leaf miner | 0％ | 2.7％ | 4％ |
| Whitefly | 4％ | 0％ | 0％ |
| Aphids | 6.7％ | 0％ | 0％ |
| Red spider | 4.5 heads per leaf | 1.2 heads per leaf | 1.8 heads per leaf |
The embodiment proves that the pesticide composition can be used for preventing and controlling main citrus pests such as diaphorina citri, leaf miner, whitefly, aphid, red spider and the like. The traditional foliar spray prevention and treatment technology is replaced by applying the pesticide to the roots, so that the predatory mites are prevented from contacting with the pesticide, and the technology of controlling the mites by using the mites becomes a real effective method for preventing citrus red spiders by replacing chemical pesticides. The invention realizes the organic combination of chemical control and biological control, reduces the use of pesticides, improves the control efficiency, and is a green control method with sustainable development.
Claims (4)
1. A method for preventing and controlling citrus tree diseases and insect pests by biochemical combination is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) chemical control: during sprouting in the first 3 th of spring top, the last 5 th of summer top and the last 7 th of autumn top, systemic pesticide is applied under the water dripping line of the crown, and the pesticide is: one or two of thiamethoxam, clothianidin, flupyradifurone, trifluorophenylpyrimidine, sulfoxaflor and spirotetramat are mixed, the application concentration is 50-200mg/L, and the amount of the applied liquid medicine is determined according to the age of the trees;
(2) biological control: biological control is carried out in the first 6 th and the first 9 th months, and predatory mites are adopted for control.
2. The method for controlling citrus tree diseases and insect pests by combining biochemistry according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the biological control in step (2) consists of the following steps:
(1) selecting predatory mites; (2) artificially breeding predatory mites; (3) releasing predatory mites;
the predatory mites selected in the step (1) are Amblyseius barkeri;
the breeding process in the step (2) is as follows:
(1) placing a circular sponge with the diameter of 4cm in a culture dish with the diameter of 7cm, covering a layer of cellophane on the sponge, then placing 20g of a mixture of fresh asparagus leaves and flour in equal proportion and 300 head of flour mites, adding 15ml of water into the culture dish, wherein the height of the water surface is one third of the height of the culture dish;
(2) placing the Amblyseius barkeri in the ovum in a mixture of fresh asparagus leaves and flour in equal proportion, wherein the Amblyseius barkeri in the ovum comprises the following steps: the number ratio of the acarids is 1: 100;
(3) the dishes were then placed at 28 ℃, RH 75%, photoperiod: l, D is 14 h: a 10h artificial climate box;
(4) checking the development condition of the adult Amblyseius barkeri, and collecting the adult Amblyseius barkeri every 3 days according to the number of the adult Amblyseius barkeri for later use;
the process of releasing predatory mites in the step (3) is as follows: the Amblyseius barkeri is released by a spreading method, each Amblyseius barkeri is released by more than 1000 heads, and the pesticide harmful to the predatory mites cannot be sprayed on the leaf surface of the predatory mites within 30 days after the Amblyseius barkeri is released.
3. The amount of the liquid medicine to be applied according to claim 1 is determined according to the age of the tree, and is characterized in that: the specific application dosage is as follows: 5-15 jin of water is applied to 1-3-year-old citrus trees, 15-25 jin of water is applied to 3-5-year-old citrus trees, 25-40 jin of water is applied to 5-8-year-old citrus trees, and 50 jin of water is applied to the citrus trees for more than 8 years.
4. The method of claim 2, step (3), wherein the pesticide that is harmful to the predatory mites cannot be foliar sprayed within 30 days after the release, wherein the pesticide is: pyrethroid pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides, and carbamate pesticides.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911068483.8A CN110754275A (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Method for preventing and treating citrus tree diseases and insect pests by combining biochemistry and biochemistry |
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| CN201911068483.8A CN110754275A (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Method for preventing and treating citrus tree diseases and insect pests by combining biochemistry and biochemistry |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113100254A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-13 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Application of amblyseius pswdolongis in prevention and treatment of psylla olivaceus and/or diaphorina citri and method thereof |
| CN114467582A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-05-13 | 广西特色作物研究院 | Experimental method for unmanned aerial vehicle pesticide application for controlling diaphorina citri |
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| CN102165905A (en) * | 2011-01-05 | 2011-08-31 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for controlling contagion of citrus huanglongbing by utilizing biological factors and application |
| CN105210732A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2016-01-06 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | A kind of method utilizing Predatory Mites to prevent and treat tobacco-plant pest-insect |
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2019
- 2019-11-05 CN CN201911068483.8A patent/CN110754275A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102165905A (en) * | 2011-01-05 | 2011-08-31 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for controlling contagion of citrus huanglongbing by utilizing biological factors and application |
| CN105210732A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2016-01-06 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | A kind of method utilizing Predatory Mites to prevent and treat tobacco-plant pest-insect |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 廖敏娜: "浅析园林植物病虫害现状及综合防治", 《福建建材》 * |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113100254A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-13 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Application of amblyseius pswdolongis in prevention and treatment of psylla olivaceus and/or diaphorina citri and method thereof |
| CN113100254B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-12-03 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Application of amblyseius pswdolongis in prevention and treatment of psylla olivaceus and/or diaphorina citri and method thereof |
| CN114467582A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-05-13 | 广西特色作物研究院 | Experimental method for unmanned aerial vehicle pesticide application for controlling diaphorina citri |
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Application publication date: 20200207 |