CN105393886A - Bamboo willow large-field high-yield cultivation method - Google Patents
Bamboo willow large-field high-yield cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105393886A CN105393886A CN201510921621.8A CN201510921621A CN105393886A CN 105393886 A CN105393886 A CN 105393886A CN 201510921621 A CN201510921621 A CN 201510921621A CN 105393886 A CN105393886 A CN 105393886A
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- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001863 plant nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940070527 tourmaline Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052613 tourmaline Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011032 tourmaline Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930192334 Auxin Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002363 auxin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 compound potassium sulfate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- YGGXZTQSGNFKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-naphthalen-1-ylacetate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)OC)=CC=CC2=C1 YGGXZTQSGNFKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010415 tidying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012531 culture fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012770 industrial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
- C05C5/02—Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing sodium or potassium nitrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a bamboo willow large-field high-yield cultivation method comprising steps of (1) selecting a bamboo willow straightly-inserting planting land, (2) tidying the planting land, (3) shearing bamboo willow straightly-inserting cutting slips, (4) processing the cutting slips, (5) straightly-inserting the cutting slips, (6) determining planting land density, (7) arranging irrigating facilities, (8) arranging plant nutrient solution pipelines, (9) spraying plant nutrient solution, (10) irrigating, (11) managing fertilizer dressing and (12) preventing pests and diseases. To shorten a planting period of bamboo willow seedlings, a straightly-inserting method is employed for bamboo willow seedling plantation; by the use of the plantation method, cutting slip straightly-inserting survival rate can be improved, so straightly-inserting survival rate of bamboo willow seedlings can be fundamentally improved; with great irrigating facilities, enough water during the growth period of the bamboo willow seedlings can be guaranteed; planting effect of the bamboo willow seedlings can be improved through steps of fertilizer dressing management and disease and pest prevention; and at last, economic benefits can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, particularly relate to the method for a kind of bamboo willow land for growing field crops high-yield cultivating.
Background technology
Bamboo willow is the raw new forms of energy seeds of excellent hypervelocity, there is fast growth, adaptable, material is excellent, form is graceful, the advantage of the high-lightings such as wood usage is various, it is cycle industrial material forest, saline-alkali soil forestation, the desirable seeds such as afforestation and environmental organism reparation, there is huge promotional value and vast potential for future development, because bamboo willow has many excellent characteristics, make the remarkable in economical benefits of plantation bamboo willow higher than other seeds or crop, test shows, bamboo willow is a plant expert of " removing toxic substances of taking drugs ", in the face of air-polluting phenomenons such as nowadays increasing hazes, this bamboo willow.
For the multiple use of bamboo willow, the plantation of bamboo willow now gets more and more, and traditional planting mode can not adapt to the planting requirement of bamboo willow, if plantation seedling growing process traditionally carries out bamboo willow seedling grow, then its output can not meet the requirement in market greatly, and the cycle of traditional plantation seedling growing process is long, the survival rate of nursery stock is low, growing way is uneven, the growth cycle of bamboo Liu Miao is long, if do not adopt effective planting technology to plant, then can have a strong impact on the economic benefit of its plantation.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned Problems existing, the present invention aims to provide the method for a kind of bamboo willow land for growing field crops high-yield cultivating, the present invention is the crop cycle in order to shorten bamboo Liu Miao, therefore adopt the method for straight cutting cuttings to carry out the plantation of bamboo Liu Miao, the survival rate of cuttings straight cutting can be improved by the implantation methods that the present invention is new, fundamentally improve the straight cutting survival rate of bamboo Liu Miao, and bamboo Liu Miao has sufficient moisture at growing period to adopt good irrigating facility to ensure, and the planting effect of bamboo Liu Miao is comprehensively improved by the steps such as the management extermination of disease and insect pest of topdressing, finally increase economic efficiency.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A method for bamboo willow land for growing field crops high-yield cultivating, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of bamboo willow straight cutting planting site: plantation measures P in soil H value is between 7-8, and salt content lower than 15000ppm entirely;
(2) arrangement of planting site: weeded a garden to planting site before straight cutting, adopts mechanical soil deeptillage, ploughs deeply in process and evenly use sufficient base manure, then sprays the sterilization of moderate amount of sulfuric acid ferrous iron solution, or uses carbendazol wettable powder to disinfecting soil;
(3) shearing of bamboo willow straight cutting cuttings: select vegetative propagation stalwartness and stem is slightly the bamboo wicker of 0.3-1.2cm, select that there is 3-4 branch of newly sprouting to shear, the sheared length of cuttings is 5-6cm, during shearing, first to splay a cutter from 1.5-2.0cm under bud, make to cut the oblique section that mouth is 45 degree, then cuttings is turned, from the reverse side of bud point or lateral distance bud be about 0.3cm forward flat cutting be deep between cortex and xylem, finally, above bud point, splay a cutter in about 0.3cm place, cuttings cut, and the cuttings cut has 3-4 and newly sprouts;
(4) cuttings process: the cuttings root sheared is immersed in taking root liquid 5-10 second, the degree of depth 1-2cm of immersion, scion is handled well and is wrapped up root with cotton afterwards;
(5) straight cutting cuttings: select to carry out straight cutting afforestation in annual 3-4 month in spring, during straight cutting, outside air temperature will between 5-15 DEG C, during straight cutting, remove in step (4) in the cotton of wrapping up in cuttings, and rapidly in process cuttings being carried out to auxin, straight cutting operation is carried out on process limit, limit, on the soil enter to put in order by the timely straight cutting of cuttings through chemicals treatment, the degree of depth of straight cutting is that a bud topmost bassets, and remaining bud inserts in soil be as the criterion completely;
(6) density of planting site: when carrying out straight cutting cuttings in step (5), the density of cultivation is 300-500/ mu;
(7) layout of irrigating facility: after the good cuttings of straight cutting, the major trunk roads of 30-50cm are reserved in straight cutting seedling centre position, and an irrigation canal is set bottom major trunk roads, all arrange to be communicated with to the both sides of the often row straight cutting seedling on its major trunk roads both sides by irrigation canal and the collateral stream perpendicular with major trunk roads is set, the degree of depth of collateral stream is 10-15cm, and width is 5-8cm;
(8) plant nutrition liquid pipe arrangement: move towards consistent direction with irrigation canal a nutrient solution passage is set bottom major trunk roads, described nutrient solution passage, every a 2-3 rice extended nutrient solution spray system earthward, described nutrient solution spray system is arranged four fog-spray nozzles mutually in 90 degree of angles;
(9) injection of plant nutrition liquid: first add the Tourmaline stone powder particle through being ground into 0.02-0.03mm in plant nutrition liquid, stir, after cuttings inserts soil, first month after straight cutting sprays nutrient solution 30s every 30min by the plant nutrition liquid spraying system being mixed with Tourmaline stone powder every day in the morning, noon sprays nutrient solution 60s every 15min, spray nutrient solution 30s every 5min in the afternoon, and spray nutrient solution 60s every 2h in the evening; Second month sprayed nutrient solution 30s once in the morning every 3 day every day, sprayed nutrient solution 60s noon once, sprayed nutrient solution 30s afternoon once, sprayed nutrient solution 60s evening once; Nutrient solution spray common 1.5-2 month;
(10) irrigate: bamboo Liu Miao irrigated once every 3-4 days in spring, summer irrigated once every 1-2 days, and autumn irrigated once every 5-7 days, and winter irrigated once every 15-20 days;
(11) to topdress management: early growth period nitrogen fertilizer application and potash fertilizer, Fast-growing stage executes nitrogen and calcium, and Later growth is based on potash fertilizer, and phosphate fertilizer is auxiliary;
(12) extermination of disease and insect pest.
Further improvement of the present invention is: base manure is every mu and adds compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 50kg with the farmyard manure 3t become thoroughly decomposed or colza cake 300kg, and the concentration of copperas solution is 1 ~ 3%, and carbendazol wettable powder concentration is 50%, and the amount of spraying is 1.5g/m
2.
Further improvement of the present invention is: described nutrient solution prescription is for containing nitrate of lime 950mg, potassium nitrate 800mg, magnesium nitrate 500mg, gibberellin 200mg, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 350mg, zinc sulphate 2000mg and manganese sulphate 3000mg in often liter of nutrient solution.
Further improvement of the present invention is: described in the ratio of the nitrogenous fertilizer executed and phosphate fertilizer in management that topdresses be 3:2, the ratio of phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 2:1, and the ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 3:1, adopts a small amount of fertilizing method repeatedly to apply fertilizer at Fast-growing stage.
Further improvement of the present invention is: prevent and treat to spray in turn every 5-7 days thiophanate methyl, carbendazim, tpn of bamboo Liu Miao growing period.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is the crop cycle in order to shorten bamboo Liu Miao, therefore adopt the method for straight cutting cuttings to carry out the plantation of bamboo Liu Miao, the survival rate of cuttings straight cutting can be improved by the implantation methods that the present invention is new, fundamentally improve the straight cutting survival rate of bamboo Liu Miao, and bamboo Liu Miao has sufficient moisture at growing period to adopt good irrigating facility to ensure, because bamboo Liu Miao requires very high to the abundance of moisture in process of growth, therefore in order to more convenient, faster and more uniform bamboo Liu Miao regularly to be irrigated, therefore major trunk roads plus side tributary is set, current in such major trunk roads can flow in each collateral stream, be stored in collateral stream, and infiltrate the supply carrying out moisture to soil, because collateral stream is the both sides being arranged on often row bamboo Liu Miao, moisture absorption in the earth of native land is fast, and evenly, the uniform growing way of bamboo Liu Miao can be ensured, also has the planting effect comprehensively being improved bamboo Liu Miao by the steps such as the management extermination of disease and insect pest of topdressing, finally increase economic efficiency, also have, in order to improve the survival rate of straight cutting cuttings and growth sooner, more healthy and stronger, therefore straight cutting seedling is carried out to the supply of nutrient solution after straight cutting cuttings, because nutrient solution can provide more comprehensive plant growth nutritive element used, and employing is inculcating of liquid, therefore, it is very fast that straight cutting seedling absorbs, and initial stage growing way is good, can improve the extraneous resistance of straight cutting seedling, because there is the supply stage of nutrient solution, therefore the whole growth cycle of straight cutting nursery stock can be shortened further.
Embodiment
In order to make those of ordinary skill in the art can better understand technical scheme of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
embodiment:a method for bamboo willow land for growing field crops high-yield cultivating, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of bamboo willow straight cutting planting site: plantation measures P in soil H value is between 7-8, and salt content is lower than the saline land of 15000ppm;
(2) arrangement of planting site: weeded a garden to planting site before straight cutting, adopts mechanical soil deeptillage, ploughs deeply in process and evenly use sufficient base manure, then sprays the sterilization of moderate amount of sulfuric acid ferrous iron solution, or uses carbendazol wettable powder to disinfecting soil; Base manure is every mu and adds compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 50kg with the farmyard manure 3t become thoroughly decomposed or colza cake 300kg, and the concentration of copperas solution is 1 ~ 3%, and carbendazol wettable powder concentration is 50%, and the amount of spraying is 1.5g/m
2to disinfecting soil and basal dressing in the process of ploughing deeply, can ensure that soil just has good fertility when not breaking ground after straight cutting cuttings, cuttings can be made to absorb nutritive element quickly, and do not need outer fertilise in the early stage, guarantee in the prerequisite of not breaking ground, cuttings Rapid Rooting to be grown;
(3) shearing of bamboo willow straight cutting cuttings: select vegetative propagation stalwartness and stem is slightly the bamboo wicker of 0.3-1.2cm, the bamboo wicker robust growth of the thick scope of this stem, lateral bud is full, degree of lignification is low, disease-free, cuttage survival rate is higher than more sturdy kind bar, rugosity is easily rotted lower than the branch of 0.3cm, planting percent is low, rooting rate higher than 1.2cm is relatively low, and the time of rooting is longer, therefore need to select the cuttings stem between 0.3cm-1.2cm thick, select that there is 3-4 branch of newly sprouting to shear, the sheared length of cuttings is 5-6cm, during shearing, first to splay a cutter from 1.5-2.0cm under bud, make to cut the oblique section that mouth is 45 degree, then cuttings is turned, from the reverse side of bud point or lateral distance bud be about 0.3cm forward flat cutting be deep between cortex and xylem, finally, above bud point, splay a cutter in about 0.3cm place, cuttings is cut, the cuttings cut has 3-4 and newly sprouts,
(4) cuttings process: the cuttings root sheared is immersed in taking root liquid 5-10 second, the degree of depth 1-2cm of immersion, scion is handled well and is wrapped up root with cotton afterwards;
(5) straight cutting cuttings: select to carry out straight cutting afforestation in annual 3-4 month in spring, during straight cutting, outside air temperature will between 5-15 DEG C, during straight cutting, remove in step (4) in the cotton of wrapping up in cuttings, and rapidly in process cuttings being carried out to auxin, straight cutting operation is carried out on process limit, limit, on the soil enter to put in order by the timely straight cutting of cuttings through chemicals treatment, the degree of depth of straight cutting is that a bud topmost bassets, and remaining bud inserts in soil be as the criterion completely;
(6) density of planting site: when carrying out straight cutting cuttings in step (5), the density of cultivation is 300-500/ mu;
(7) layout of irrigating facility: after the good cuttings of straight cutting, the major trunk roads of 30-50cm are reserved in straight cutting seedling centre position, and an irrigation canal is set bottom major trunk roads, all arrange to be communicated with to the both sides of the often row straight cutting seedling on its major trunk roads both sides by irrigation canal and the collateral stream perpendicular with major trunk roads is set, the degree of depth of collateral stream is 10-15cm, and width is 5-8cm;
(8) plant nutrition liquid pipe arrangement: move towards consistent direction with irrigation canal a nutrient solution passage is set bottom major trunk roads, described nutrient solution passage, every a 2-3 rice extended nutrient solution spray system earthward, described nutrient solution spray system is arranged four fog-spray nozzles mutually in 90 degree of angles;
(9) injection of plant nutrition liquid: first add the Tourmaline stone powder particle through being ground into 0.02-0.03mm in plant nutrition liquid, stir, after cuttings inserts soil, first month after straight cutting sprays nutrient solution 30s every 30min by the plant nutrition liquid spraying system being mixed with Tourmaline stone powder every day in the morning, noon sprays nutrient solution 60s every 15min, spray nutrient solution 30s every 5min in the afternoon, and spray nutrient solution 60s every 2h in the evening; Second month sprayed nutrient solution 30s once in the morning every 3 day every day, sprayed nutrient solution 60s noon once, sprayed nutrient solution 30s afternoon once, sprayed nutrient solution 60s evening once; Nutrient solution spray common 1.5-2 month, the advantage of Tourmaline stone to launch infrared rays, high insulating effect, can anion releasing, can activated water molecule, make bamboo Liu Miao reach maximum to the absorbing capacity of moisture in cultivating process, because bamboo Liu Miao is higher to the requirement of moisture in the process of growth, therefore the effect of Tourmaline stone powder achieves this point; Described nutrient solution prescription is containing nitrate of lime 950mg, potassium nitrate 800mg, magnesium nitrate 500mg, gibberellin 200mg, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 350mg, zinc sulphate 2000mg and manganese sulphate 3000mg in often liter of nutrient solution, the formula spraying above-mentioned culture fluid can promote the growth of straight cutting cuttings fast, and the essential elements needed for cuttings growth is provided, make straight cutting seedling when firm insertion soil, because absorbing capacity is limited, therefore can by liquid spraying of nutrient solution;
(10) irrigate: bamboo Liu Miao irrigated once every 3-4 days in spring, summer irrigated once every 1-2 days, and autumn irrigated once every 5-7 days, and winter irrigated once every 15-20 days;
(11) to topdress management: early growth period nitrogen fertilizer application and potash fertilizer, Fast-growing stage executes nitrogen and calcium, Later growth is based on potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer is auxiliary, the nitrogenous fertilizer executed in described management of topdressing and the ratio of phosphate fertilizer are 3:2, the ratio of phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 2:1, the ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 3:1, a small amount of fertilizing method is repeatedly adopted to apply fertilizer at Fast-growing stage, nitrogen in fertilising process, phosphorus, the ratio of potassium must adopt above-mentioned proposed ratio to implement, under this ratio, the growth of bamboo Liu Miao just can reach best, if select other ratios to apply fertilizer, then nitrogen can be caused, phosphorus, potassium out of proportion, suppress it to grow,
(12) extermination of disease and insect pest, prevent and treat to spray in turn every 5-7 days thiophanate methyl, carbendazim, tpn of bamboo Liu Miao growing period, so-called spraying in turn is herein carried out the extermination of disease and insect pest and is referred to and first spray thiophanate methyl, then carbendazim is sprayed after 5-7 days, within 5-7 days, spray tpn again, take turns after injection completes until this, more then this sequence-injection, be and spray in turn, be injected on nursery stock without damage by disease and insect.
Claims (5)
1. a method for bamboo willow land for growing field crops high-yield cultivating, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) selection of bamboo willow straight cutting planting site: plantation measures P in soil H value is between 7-8, and salt content lower than 15000ppm entirely;
(2) arrangement of planting site: weeded a garden to planting site before straight cutting, adopts mechanical soil deeptillage, ploughs deeply in process and evenly use sufficient base manure, then sprays the sterilization of moderate amount of sulfuric acid ferrous iron solution, or uses carbendazol wettable powder to disinfecting soil;
(3) shearing of bamboo willow straight cutting cuttings: select vegetative propagation stalwartness and stem is slightly the bamboo wicker of 0.3-1.2cm, select that there is 3-4 branch of newly sprouting to shear, the sheared length of cuttings is 5-6cm, during shearing, first to splay a cutter from 1.5-2.0cm under bud, make to cut the oblique section that mouth is 45 degree, then cuttings is turned, from the reverse side of bud point or lateral distance bud be about 0.3cm forward flat cutting be deep between cortex and xylem, finally, above bud point, splay a cutter in about 0.3cm place, cuttings cut, and the cuttings cut has 3-4 and newly sprouts;
(4) cuttings process: the cuttings root sheared is immersed in taking root liquid 5-10 second, the degree of depth 1-2cm of immersion, scion is handled well and is wrapped up root with cotton afterwards;
(5) straight cutting cuttings: select to carry out straight cutting afforestation in annual 3-4 month in spring, during straight cutting, outside air temperature will between 5-15 DEG C, during straight cutting, remove in step (4) in the cotton of wrapping up in cuttings, and rapidly in process cuttings being carried out to auxin, straight cutting operation is carried out on process limit, limit, on the soil enter to put in order by the timely straight cutting of cuttings through chemicals treatment, the degree of depth of straight cutting is that a bud topmost bassets, and remaining bud inserts in soil be as the criterion completely;
(6) density of planting site: when carrying out straight cutting cuttings in step (5), the density of cultivation is 300-500/ mu;
(7) layout of irrigating facility: after the good cuttings of straight cutting, the major trunk roads of 30-50cm are reserved in straight cutting seedling centre position, and an irrigation canal is set bottom major trunk roads, all arrange to be communicated with to the both sides of the often row straight cutting seedling on its major trunk roads both sides by irrigation canal and the collateral stream perpendicular with major trunk roads is set, the degree of depth of collateral stream is 10-15cm, and width is 5-8cm;
(8) plant nutrition liquid pipe arrangement: move towards consistent direction with irrigation canal a nutrient solution passage is set bottom major trunk roads, described nutrient solution passage, every a 2-3 rice extended nutrient solution spray system earthward, described nutrient solution spray system is arranged four fog-spray nozzles mutually in 90 degree of angles;
(9) injection of plant nutrition liquid: first add the Tourmaline stone powder particle through being ground into 0.02-0.03mm in plant nutrition liquid, stir, the ratio of Tourmaline stone powder and plant nutrition liquid is 3:1, after cuttings inserts soil, first month after straight cutting sprays nutrient solution 30s every 30min by the plant nutrition liquid spraying system being mixed with Tourmaline stone powder every day in the morning, noon sprays nutrient solution 60s every 15min, spray nutrient solution 30s every 5min in the afternoon, and spray nutrient solution 60s every 2h in the evening; Second month sprayed nutrient solution 30s once in the morning every 3 day every day, sprayed nutrient solution 60s noon once, sprayed nutrient solution 30s afternoon once, sprayed nutrient solution 60s evening once; Nutrient solution spray common 1.5-2 month;
(10) irrigate: bamboo Liu Miao irrigated once every 3-4 days in spring, summer irrigated once every 1-2 days, and autumn irrigated once every 5-7 days, and winter irrigated once every 15-20 days;
(11) to topdress management: early growth period nitrogen fertilizer application and potash fertilizer, Fast-growing stage executes nitrogen and calcium, and Later growth is based on potash fertilizer, and phosphate fertilizer is auxiliary;
(12) extermination of disease and insect pest.
2. the method for a kind of bamboo willow land for growing field crops according to claim 1 high-yield cultivating, it is characterized in that: base manure is every mu and adds compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 50kg with the farmyard manure 3t become thoroughly decomposed or colza cake 300kg, the concentration of copperas solution is 1 ~ 3%, carbendazol wettable powder concentration is 50%, and the amount of spraying is 1.5g/m
2.
3. the method for a kind of bamboo willow land for growing field crops according to claim 1 high-yield cultivating, is characterized in that: described nutrient solution prescription is for containing nitrate of lime 950mg, potassium nitrate 800mg, magnesium nitrate 500mg, gibberellin 200mg, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 350mg, zinc sulphate 2000mg and manganese sulphate 3000mg in often liter of nutrient solution.
4. the method for a kind of bamboo willow land for growing field crops according to claim 1 high-yield cultivating, it is characterized in that: described in the ratio of the nitrogenous fertilizer executed and phosphate fertilizer in management that topdresses be 3:2, the ratio of phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 2:1, the ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 3:1, adopts a small amount of fertilizing method repeatedly to apply fertilizer at Fast-growing stage.
5. the method for a kind of bamboo willow land for growing field crops according to claim 1 high-yield cultivating, is characterized in that: prevent and treat to spray in turn every 5-7 days thiophanate methyl, carbendazim, tpn of bamboo Liu Miao growing period.
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