CN113100254A - Application of amblyseius pswdolongis in prevention and treatment of psylla olivaceus and/or diaphorina citri and method thereof - Google Patents
Application of amblyseius pswdolongis in prevention and treatment of psylla olivaceus and/or diaphorina citri and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/10—Animals; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/16—Arachnids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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Abstract
The invention provides application of amblyseius psophila in prevention and control of psylla cibaria and/or diaphorina citri and a method thereof, belonging to the technical field of biological prevention and control of agricultural pests. The invention mainly controls the harm of the psyllium cubeba and/or the diaphorina citri by a mode of initially releasing the amblyseius psophila in spring and autumn olives and/or citrus spring and autumn shoots every year, and compared with chemical control, the invention has the advantages of simplicity, convenience, high efficiency, long lasting time, reduction of pesticide residue, improvement of the yield and quality of fruits and protection of ecological environment. In addition, the invention can control olive psylla chinensis and also can control gall mites and other small-sized pests, and experiments show that the invention has good use effect and reduces the use of chemical pesticides for 4-8 times every year.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of agricultural pests, and particularly relates to application of amblyseius psophila in control of psyllium olivaceum and/or diaphorina citri and a method thereof.
Background
The psylla stellera is the most important pest on the olive, is widely distributed, occurs in each olive planting area in China, and is found to harm longan in recent years. When the young planthopper and nymph of the olive star house stabbing and absorbing the tender leaves and buds, branches and leaves are yellowed and withered, when the damage is serious, the tender leaves are not unfolded and wither and fall off, bald tips are caused, soot diseases are induced, photosynthesis of leaves is influenced, a large amount of fallen leaves and fallen fruits are caused, and the yield is reduced sharply. The young orchard has 5 times of peak and each tip of spring, summer, late summer, autumn and late autumn (or winter). The spring shoots (before summer) are seriously damaged, the olive trees can not bear the fruits within 2 to 3 years, new shoots wither and branches die, and finally plants die. The generation overlapping phenomenon is serious, after spring young tips of the olives germinate in spring every year, overwintering adults start to move and lay eggs, and in the middle ten days of 11 months, the adults start to overwinter near the main veins of the leaf backs and peripheral plants, but no obvious overwintering phenomenon exists on young trees and nursery stocks, so that the adults can still move and lay eggs in winter, and nymphs can also develop. The existing method for preventing and controlling the psylla chinensis in the star room of olive by fruit growers comprises the following steps: during each young sprout drawing, especially in spring, summer and autumn young sprout drawing period, a large amount of chemical pesticide is used for preventing and treating, the quality of fruits is affected, the ecological environment is damaged, and the environmental pollution is caused.
The diaphorina citri is one of main pests damaging oranges, and is mainly controlled by chemical agents at present, and pesticides are sprayed on some citrus orchard for about 15 days to control the diaphorina citri. At present, no predatory mites capable of predating the diaphorina citri exist in production, although the small new cucumeris mites are used for preventing citrus red spiders in the prior art and carrying the beauveria bassiana to control the diaphorina citri, the small new cucumeris mites cannot normally predate the diaphorina citri, the beauveria bassiana is actually used for controlling the diaphorina, the control effect is greatly influenced by the environmental humidity, the beauveria bassiana spores can germinate and infect the diaphorina under the high-humidity condition (the relative humidity is more than 85%), and the control effect cannot be achieved due to the fact that the spores cannot germinate when the beauveria bassiana spores are applied in the field.
Adanseiulus pauciflorus, also called Amblyseius pauciflorus, belongs to the Arachnida, Psychiales, Phytoseiidae, Chant was originally named Typhdromus (Amblyseius) asetus in 1959, and was named Proprioseiopsis asetus (Chant) in 1986 (Chant, 1959; Wuweinan et al, 2008), and the name has been used so far. Overseas distribution is primarily in the United states (Virginia, California), Brazil, Mexico, Jamaica et al (Chant, 1959; Muma and Derimark, 1970; Fouly, 1994); reports have been reported in China as being distributed in Jiangsu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, and Jiangxi (He Qi Gem and Chen Wenhua, 2001; Fangxiao et al, 2007; Wuweinan et al, 2008; Huang Jian Jianhua et al, 2014; Wanlisi et al, 2016). It has been reported that the predose mite (Chant) with broad distribution can prey on pests such as thrips tabaci, thrips palmi, thrips occidentalis, tetranychus urticae, tetranychus orientalis, arrowhead scale, tarsonneratia laterospini and the like, can eat various plant pollens, and is an excellent predose mite of local natural enemies.
There are many reports of using various predatory mites to prevent and control various pest mites, but there are no reports of the application of the small-hair amblyseius psophila to prevent and control the psylla trytis olivaceus and/or the diaphorina citri at home and abroad. In addition, in the prior art, chemical pesticides are mostly adopted to prevent and treat the psylla oleae and/or the diaphorina citri, the operation is complex, the prevention and treatment effect is poor, the effect duration is short, pesticide residues exist, the yield and the quality of fruits are reduced, and the environment is polluted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for preventing and treating psyllium cubeba and/or diaphorina citri by using amblyseius pseudolaris with less hairs, which is simple and convenient to operate, good in prevention and treatment effect, long in lasting time, capable of reducing the pesticide application times, reducing the pesticide residue, and improving the yield and quality of olive and/citrus fruits, so that the safety of the fruits is ensured, and the ecological environment is protected.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides application of Adersonidae psophila pallida as a natural enemy in controlling Siberian olive psylla and/or diaphorina citri.
The invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling the psyllid of the star chamber of the olive and/or the psyllid of the citrus, which releases the amblyseius pswdolongis at the initial stage of the germination of the young shoot of the olive and/or the citrus.
Preferably, the young shoot germination comprises spring shoot germination and/or autumn shoot germination.
Preferably, the release is selected to be at branches of the olive and/or citrus crown near the young shoot.
Preferably, the number of the amblyseius psophila released in the early spring shoot germination stage is 500-3000.
Preferably, the number of the amblyseius psophila released in the early stage of shoot germination is 500-3000.
Preferably, after the Adblyseius pausamii is released, grass is remained in the biocontrol garden without using a herbicide.
Preferably, after the Aduscoli radiata minor is released, the pesticide is used less.
Preferably, after the Adblyseius psophilus pauciflorus is released, if a pesticide is needed, a low-toxicity medicament is selected.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention can prevent and control the psyllium olivaceus and/or the diaphorina citri by releasing the amblyseius psophila, has simple and efficient operation, and can control some small-sized pest mites such as gall mites. Experiments show that the invention has good use effect, the control effect reaches 85-90%, and the biocontrol garden releasing the small-hair amblyseius pseudoseiulus persimilis can reduce the use of chemical pesticides for 4-8 times per year, protects natural enemies, increases the number and types of the natural enemies compared with the biocontrol garden, optimizes and enhances the ecological system function of the biocontrol garden, and protects the ecological environment. In addition, the method only needs to release for 1-2 times a year, can achieve a lasting control effect, protect the ecological environment, play the role of natural enemies and realize sustainable control of pests. Therefore, the method has the advantages of simplicity, convenience, high efficiency, long lasting time, reduction of pesticide residue, improvement of the yield and quality of fruits and protection of ecological environment, and has remarkable economic, social and ecological benefits.
And the small-hair amblyseius predatory psyllid of the invention can be normally propagated after eating the small-hair amblyseius pseudochinensis and the diaphorina citri, and the effect of controlling the small-hair amblyseius pseudochinensis and/or the diaphorina citri can be achieved only by releasing the small-hair amblyseius pseudochinensis at the early stage of spring and/or autumn germination.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plot of the population elimination of Amblyseius psophila zoon and Pedalus caninum;
FIG. 2 predation of gall mites by Amblyseius moniliformis;
FIG. 3 predation of Amblyseius psophilus with Carposina oliveri;
FIG. 4 predation of Tooseiulus similis with diaphorina citri.
Detailed Description
The invention provides application of Adersonidae psophila pallida as a natural enemy in controlling Siberian olive psylla and/or diaphorina citri.
The invention discovers for the first time that the amblyseius pswdolongis mimicus can eat the psylla chinensis oliv and the diaphorina citri, and the amblyseius psophila can be released to olive trees and/or citrus trees as natural enemies, so that the good effect of preventing and controlling the psylla chinensis oliv and/or the diaphorina citri can be achieved. The invention has no special limitation on the source of the amblyseius pswdolongis, and can be obtained by artificial feeding or collection.
The invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling the psyllid of the star chamber of the olive and/or the psyllid of the citrus, which releases the amblyseius pswdolongis at the initial stage of the germination of the young shoot of the olive and/or the citrus.
In the invention, the field population growth and the young shoot emergence of the olive and the citrus are closely related, each young shoot emergence is accompanied by the rapid increase of the population of the insect population, and a peak appears, so that the germination time of the young shoot must be closely observed to ensure that the amblyseius pseudocaprae seu ovis is released at the initial stage of the young shoot emergence of the olive and the citrus. The present invention is not particularly limited to young shoots, and spring shoot germination and/or autumn shoot germination are preferable in the specific embodiment of the present invention.
In the present invention, the position for releasing the amblyseius persicae is preferably selected to release at the branch of the olive or citrus crown near the young shoot. The number of the amblyseius barkeri releasing little amblyseius is different according to the size of the olive trees and the citrus trees, and the number of the amblyseius barkeri releasing little amblyseius barkeri at the initial stage of spring shoot germination is preferably 3000 per plant, more preferably 1500 per plant and 2500 per plant; the number of the amblyseius spinosus released at the early stage of autumn shoot germination is preferably 500-. The number of times of release is not particularly limited in the present invention, and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to release once each of spring shoot germination and autumn shoot germination.
The method for preventing and controlling the psylla stellera and/or the diaphorina citri preferably further comprises the steps of clearing the garden in winter and cutting off the winter tips before spring tip germination, and is particularly important for adult fruit trees. Trimming winter shoots, dead branches and insect-infected branches in winter, ploughing and ridging, and eradicating weeds in the field, so that the pests can eradicate the overwintering place and eliminate the overwintering insect source. In the invention, after the small-hair amblyseius pseudolarix is released, the biocontrol garden is required to be kept for grass, no herbicide is used, and shallow root system weeds are reserved or grass cultivation is carried out, so that the small-hair amblyseius pseudolarix and other natural enemies can be ensured to maintain good overwintering and oversummer places and transient hosts. Meanwhile, the olive garden and the citrus garden which release the amblyseius pswdolongis with less hairs need to use less pesticides as much as possible, and if the pesticides need to be used, low-toxicity medicaments can be selected.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Trimming winter shoots, dead branches and insect-infected branches in winter, ploughing and ridging, eradicating weeds in the field, eradicating insect overwintering places and eradicating overwintering insect sources.
In the early spring shoot germination stage of the olive, 1000/young anabropsis persilica mites are released at the branch position of the olive crown close to the young shoot. In the early autumn shoot germination stage of the olive, 500/young anabropsis persilica mites are released at the branch position of the crown of the olive tree close to the young shoot.
After the Adansuscusilus amblyseius paucimobilis is released, spinetoram is used, and no herbicide is used.
The result shows that the control effect on the psylla chinensis of olive chamber reaches 85%, and meanwhile, the small-sized insect mites such as gall mites can be controlled.
Example 2
Trimming winter shoots, dead branches and insect-infected branches in winter, ploughing and ridging, eradicating weeds in the field, eradicating insect overwintering places and eradicating overwintering insect sources.
In the early spring shoot germination stage of olive, 3000/young anabropsis persimilis are released at the branch position of the crown of the olive tree close to the young shoot. At the early autumn shoot germination stage of the olive, 1000/amblyseius psophila persimilis are released at the branch position of the olive crown close to the young shoot.
After the Aduscusilus amblyseius pausae is released, no insecticide or herbicide is used.
As a result, the control effect on the psyllium olivaceus reaches 90%, wherein the picture of the small predose amblyseius pseudolaris predatory to the psyllium olivaceus is shown in figure 3, and the small pest mites such as gall mites can be controlled, and the picture of the small predose amblyseius pseudolaris predatory to the gall mites is shown in figure 2.
Example 3
Trimming winter shoots, dead branches and insect-infected branches in winter, ploughing and ridging, eradicating weeds in the field, eradicating insect overwintering places and eradicating overwintering insect sources.
At the early spring shoot germination stage of the olive, 1500/young anabropsis persimilis are released at the branch position of the crown of the olive tree close to the young shoot. At the early autumn shoot germination stage of the olive, 600/young anabropsis persilica mites are released at the branch position of the crown of the olive tree close to the young shoot.
After the Aduscusilus amblyseius pausae is released, no insecticide or herbicide is used.
The result shows that the control effect on the psylla chinensis of olive chamber reaches 86%, and meanwhile, the small-sized insect mites such as gall mites can be controlled. And only one time of amblyseius hastennsis is released in the early spring shoot germination stage and the early autumn shoot germination stage respectively, and no chemical pesticide is used in the period, so that a lasting control effect is achieved.
Example 4
A biological control area: in an olive garden in Fujian province, Fuzhou city, Minhou county, about 10 mu of relatively independent regions with serious occurrence of the psylla chinensis in the past year are selected as experimental objects, the age of the olive tree is 20-40 years, a 5-point sampling method is adopted during investigation, 1 tree is respectively selected at 4 corners and the middle of a plot, a new shoot is respectively taken from 5 positions in east, south and north of each plant, 5 leaves are investigated from the top bud of each shoot, 50 leaves are investigated in total for each plant, and the total pest state quantity of the psylla chinensis in the Rutaceae is counted. 2500 copies of the Adersonidae minor were released at 12 days 3 months and 1000 copies of the Adersonidae minor were released at 20 days 8 months, and the release was examined every 10 days.
A chemical defense area: in the same place, 10 mu of chemical olive-proof garden is selected as a control, and the investigation method is the same as the above. The chemical defense garden is sprayed with 2.5 percent of psyllid detergent and 10 percent of imidacloprid 2000-fold liquid in 3-month and 12-day days, 25 percent of chlorpyrifos (buprofezin) 1000-fold liquid in 4-month and 12-day days, 5 percent of thiamethoxam 7500-fold liquid in 5-month and 12-day days, 10 percent of imidacloprid 2000-fold liquid in 6-month and 11-day days, 2.5 percent of lambda-cyhalothrin 2500-fold liquid in 7-month and 12-day days, 2.5 percent of cyhalothrin and 10 percent of imidacloprid 2000-fold liquid in 8-month and 20-day and 5 percent of abamectin 6000-fold liquid in 9-month and 22-day respectively.
Control effect (%) (% before control-number of live insects after control) × 100/number of live insects before control, and the results are shown in tables 1 to 5 and fig. 1.
TABLE 1 Release Adenidae psonidae olivary and chemoprevention garden for 3.12-5.1 days
TABLE 2 Release of Amblyseius psophilus oliv biocontrol and chemo-control gardens for 5.11-6.20 days
TABLE 3 Release the control effect of the Amblyseius psophilus oliver biocontrol garden and chemoprevention garden for 6.30 days to 8.9 days
TABLE 4 Release Adenium amblyseius pausae oliv biocontrol garden and chemical control garden for 8.19-9.28 days
TABLE 5 Release Adenium amblyseius pausae oliv biocontrol garden and chemical control garden for 10.8-11.27 days
Example 5
A biological control area: in a citrus orchard in Fujian province, Fuzhou city, Minhou county, 10 mu of relatively independent area with serious psylla chinensis damage in the previous year is selected as an experimental object, the tree age is 10-15 years, about 60 trees are planted in each mu of land, a 5-point sampling method is adopted during investigation, 1 tree is selected from 4 corners and the middle of the land, the tree is marked as 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 for treatment, one new tip is taken from 5 positions in east, west, south and north of each tree, 5 leaves are investigated from the top bud of each tip, 50 leaves are investigated in total for each plant, and the total quantity of all insect states of the psylla chinensis is counted. 3000 small pre-amblyseius pswdus are released in 10 days after 9 months, and the picture of the small pre-amblyseius pswdus predating the diaphorina citri is shown in figure 4.
A chemical defense area: in the same place, 10 mu of chemical citrus orchard is additionally selected as a control, and the investigation method is the same as the above. The chemical control garden is sprayed with 2.5 percent of psyllid and 10 percent of imidacloprid 2000-fold liquid for control in 10 days in 9 months.
Control effect (%) ((number of live insects before control-number of live insects after control) × 100/number of live insects before control), and the results are shown in table 6.
TABLE 6 Release control Effect of Amblyseius psophilus (Amblyseius) pauciflorus biological control and chemical control gardens
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. Application of Amblyseius psophilus as natural enemy in preventing and treating pediculosis rugoso-annulata and/or diaphorina citri.
2. A method for controlling psyllid and/or diaphorina citri in olive chambers is characterized in that amblyseius psophila minor is released at the initial stage of germination of the young shoot of olive and/or citrus.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the young shoot germination comprises spring shoot germination and/or autumn shoot germination.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the release is selected to be at branches of the olive and/or citrus crown near the young shoot.
5. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the number of the Adersonius amblyseius paucimobilis released at the initial stage of spring shoot germination is 500-3000.
6. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the number of the amblyseius psophila released at the early stage of shoot germination is 500-3000.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein after the Adblyseius psophilus pauciflorus is released, the grass is kept in a biocontrol garden without using herbicides.
8. The method of claim 2, wherein the pesticide is spared after the Aduscusilus persimilis is released.
9. The method of claim 2, wherein after the Aduscoli radiata is released, if an insecticide is needed, a low toxicity agent is selected.
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| CN116210501A (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-06-06 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Application of ladybug rubrum in prevention and control of diaphorina citri |
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Application publication date: 20210713 Assignee: Ganzhou Yeshan Camellia Co.,Ltd. Assignor: INSTITUTE OF PLANT PROTECTION, FAAS Contract record no.: X2023980050192 Denomination of invention: The application and method of a type of oligotrich sawtooth mite in the prevention and control of olive psyllid and/or citrus psyllid Granted publication date: 20211203 License type: Common License Record date: 20231208 Application publication date: 20210713 Assignee: Xishuangbanna Hill Planting Co.,Ltd. Assignor: INSTITUTE OF PLANT PROTECTION, FAAS Contract record no.: X2023980050186 Denomination of invention: The application and method of a type of oligotrich sawtooth mite in the prevention and control of olive psyllid and/or citrus psyllid Granted publication date: 20211203 License type: Common License Record date: 20231207 Application publication date: 20210713 Assignee: Red River Berry Jingjing Planting Co.,Ltd. Assignor: INSTITUTE OF PLANT PROTECTION, FAAS Contract record no.: X2023980050183 Denomination of invention: The application and method of a type of oligotrich sawtooth mite in the prevention and control of olive psyllid and/or citrus psyllid Granted publication date: 20211203 License type: Common License Record date: 20231207 |
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