CN115777416A - Method for controlling psyllid pests by utilizing orius pollidii - Google Patents
Method for controlling psyllid pests by utilizing orius pollidii Download PDFInfo
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- CN115777416A CN115777416A CN202211615121.8A CN202211615121A CN115777416A CN 115777416 A CN115777416 A CN 115777416A CN 202211615121 A CN202211615121 A CN 202211615121A CN 115777416 A CN115777416 A CN 115777416A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling psyllid pests by utilizing orius pollidii. Belongs to the technical field of biological control of agricultural pests. The commercial product of the orius miniatus is released through a waterproof device in the tip-drawing period of each tree, the device contains one or more insect states of orius miniatus eggs, nymphs of 1-5 years and adults thereof, so that psyllids such as diaphorina citri, psylla pyricularis, pediculus rugulosa, psylla pyricularis, psylla chinensis, fructus euphoria bucca, sophora japonica, sophora gleditsiae, carica fructus Elaeagni, morus alba, carex camphorata, and the like which can obviously harm plants are controlled, and the control effect on the orius miniatus can reach more than 90%. Compared with the traditional chemical and physical prevention and control modes, the invention has the advantages of simple and convenient use, high prevention effect, long lasting period, safety for operators and the like, and has important significance for improving the quality of fruits and the safety of foods.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological control of agricultural pests, in particular to a method for controlling psyllid pests by utilizing orius mirtus.
Background
The psylla belongs to the family of homoptera psylla, and is an important agricultural and forestry pest. The psylla pests have wide host range, harm to various economic crops such as citrus, pear, olive, longan, medlar, mulberry, hawthorn and the like in China, the tender tips of plants are mainly stabbed by nymphs and adults, the tender tips are yellowed and withered by absorbing juice, and the tender tips fall off when the juice is serious, so that bald tips are caused, meanwhile, sooty mold is also induced, photosynthesis of the plants is influenced, fallen leaves and fruits are caused, the quality and the yield of the flowers and fruits are reduced, and especially, the psylla citrina is used as a transmission medium of the citrus yellow dragon disease, so that great harm is caused to the citrus industry. The psylla generally has serious harm in summer and autumn, if the psylla is not timely prevented and controlled, the psylla is easily damaged, the next year fruiting is influenced if the psylla is not timely prevented and controlled, and the plant is dead if the psylla is serious. Generally, the time from the eggs to the adults of the psylla is 15 to 17 days, and the service life of the psylla exceeds one month. 7-8 generations can occur in southern areas of China in one year, and the phenomenon of generation overlapping is serious.
At present, the control of psyllid pests is still mainly based on chemical pesticides, and long-term spraying of the chemical pesticides leads to year-by-year enhancement of the drug resistance of the psyllid pests, further leads to sharp increase of the dosage of the chemical pesticides, and increasingly outstanding problems of pesticide residues and food safety.
Biological control refers to a control method for inhibiting the number of pest populations by using beneficial organisms in nature, such as predators, parasitic natural enemies and the like, and can partially or completely replace a chemical control method, thereby greatly avoiding the defects of short duration, high ecological risk, low health risk and the like inherent in the application of chemical pesticides.
In conclusion, the problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field is how to provide a biological control method for psyllid pests.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method for controlling the pests of the psyllids by utilizing the orius mirificus, and realizes the purpose of controlling the pests of the trees and the psyllids with lasting effect and safety.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for controlling pests of plant louse by utilizing orius pollidii releases orius pollidii in the period of tip extraction of trees.
The beneficial effects are as follows: orius miniatus (oriussstrigollis) belongs to the family Hemiptera (Hemiptera) lygus (Anthocidae) Orius (Orius), is widely distributed in agricultural and forestry habitats in south China, and is an important predatory natural enemy insect of small pests on various plants. The orius pollidipennis is easy to establish population in farmland and forest ecological systems, has high natural population density, and is an indigenous predatory natural enemy insect with good development prospect. At present, commercial biological control products of orius similis are developed successively and gradually become an important biological control measure for pests. The orius miniatus is released on trees and tender tips thereof damaged by the psyllid pests, a chemical prevention and control method can be partially or completely replaced, and the inherent defects of short lasting period, high ecological risk, low health risk and the like of the applied chemical pesticide are greatly overcome.
The tree tip-drawing period is the main period of damage of the psyllid pests, and the southern orius bugs are released in the period to prevent and control the psyllid pests, so that the annual population number of the pests is reduced.
Further, the tree tip-drawing period comprises spring tips, summer tips, autumn tips, late autumn tips and winter tips.
Further, the tree sprouting period mainly comprises spring time, summer time and autumn time, and late autumn or winter time which may exist in some tree species.
Further, the release is that the number of the southern orius bugs released is 1-50 heads/tip according to the occurrence condition of the psyllid pests on the tender tips of the trees and the quantity of the tender tips of each tree.
The beneficial effects are as follows: the high capture amount of the orius pollidii is fully utilized, and small amount of individuals can effectively prevent and control the psyllids.
Further, the orius pollidii is in one or more insect states of eggs, 1-5-year-old nymphs and adults.
The beneficial effects are as follows: nymphs and adults of the orius miri at different ages can effectively prey on the psyllid pests.
Further, the orius pollidipennis is a biological control natural enemy product produced in an industrial manner.
Further, the psyllid-type pests are one or more of diaphorina citri (diaphorinacri), pyricularia pyricularis (psyllium chinensis), psyllium oleae (pseudophacoptotesonarum), psyllium pyricularis (cacopsis chinensis), psyllium lycii (poratroza sativa), psyllium longum (cornogen sythia), psyllium dahliae (psyllium arborescens), psyllium robinii (psyllium lalilieti), psyllium gleditsiae (euphorbia russiae), psyllium oleae (Triozamagnisetosa), morium mori (anomoebium eurarii), psyllium camphoratum (Triozacamphorae), and psyllium japonicum (thysanogrammitis ba).
Further, the releasing is a device for hanging and loading the orius miniatus at the branch of the tree.
Further, the device comprises a fixing part, a waterproof part and a loading part;
the top of the waterproof part is connected with a fixing part, and the bottom of the waterproof part is connected with a loading part;
the loading part is a pot-shaped or bag-shaped device made of net materials, and the outside of the loading part is wrapped by paper or non-woven fabrics.
Further, the fixing part is a hook or a coil;
the waterproof part is made of a conical waterproof material;
the mesh specification of the mesh material is 30-40 meshes.
Furthermore, the device is a tank-shaped or bag-shaped device which is not opened or is sealed, the top of the device is provided with a hook or a coil, the upper half part of the device is made of conical waterproof material, the lower half part of the device is wrapped by paper or non-woven fabric and other materials, and the mesh material with the mesh specification of 30-40 meshes is exposed from the inner layer after being torn.
The beneficial effects are as follows: the device can guarantee that the orius pollidipennis product does not escape in transit in the transportation, can also prevent during the use that the rainwater drips inside the packing, avoids the rainwater drippage to cause the orius pollidipennis dead to guarantee prevention and control effect.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the method for controlling the psyllid pests by utilizing the orius pollidii, the commodity which is the natural enemy of the orius pollidii is released to partially or completely replace the chemical pesticide, so that the generation of the drug resistance of the psyllid pests is slowed down, and the influence of the chemical pesticide on the ecological environment and the food safety is relieved.
(2) According to the method for preventing and controlling the psylla pests by utilizing the orius pollidii, disclosed by the invention, through releasing a large amount of commodities which are natural enemies of the orius pollidii, the predation efficiency of the psylla pests can be obviously improved, the problem that the control of the psylla pests by only depending on the natural enemy species is low in efficiency is effectively solved, and the proportion of biological control in comprehensive pest prevention and control measures is increased.
(3) The method for preventing and controlling the pests of the psyllids by utilizing the orius pollidii is based on the orius pollidii product, the product is put into a special device, the waterproof material on the upper part of the device is beneficial to reducing the death of commodity natural enemies caused by rainwater dripping, the paper or non-woven fabric on the outer layer of the lower part is convenient for product packaging and transportation, and the exposed mesh material after being torn is beneficial to isolating the leakage of a carrier and climbing the orius pollidii from meshes to prevent and control the psyllids.
(4) The method for preventing and controlling the pests of the psyllids by utilizing the orius pollidii is based on the wide predation property of the orius pollidii, can prevent other pests on tender tips of trees while releasing the pests of the orius pollidii, reduces the capital investment for preventing and controlling other pests, reduces the risk of disease transmission by taking the orius pollidii as a medium, and further reduces the production cost of agriculture and forestry.
(5) The method for preventing and controlling the psyllid pests by utilizing the orius pollidii is based on the characteristic that the orius pollidii is an indigenous predatory natural enemy species and has strong adaptability to the indigenous climate, and by releasing the orius pollidii natural enemy products every year, the method is beneficial to establishing stable natural enemy populations of the orius pollidii in ecological systems of fruit trees, forest trees and the like, can realize the aim of releasing and controlling the psyllid pests for a long time, and has important economic, social and ecological benefits.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a drawing of a commercial device for orius similis of the present invention, wherein 1 represents a fixed part, 2 represents a waterproof part, 3 represents a loading part, 31 represents paper or non-woven fabric, and 32 represents a mesh material;
FIG. 2 is a drawing showing that nymphs of various ages of the ticks preyed on the orius pollidipennis of the invention are 1, 3 and 5 ages of the ticks preyed on the orius pollidipennis from left to right.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The required medicament is a conventional experimental medicament purchased from a market channel; the experimental methods which are not mentioned are conventional experimental methods, and are not described in detail herein.
Example 1
Selecting a navel orange garden with serious harm of diaphorina citri all the year round as a test field in Minhou county in Fujian province, wherein the area of the garden is about 22 mu, about 58 navel orange trees are planted in each mu, the height of the tree is about 1.8-2 m, and the age of the tree is 9-12 years.
The navel orange park area is divided into three test areas with similar area and plant number, which are respectively used as a biocontrol area 1 (applying the device of the invention), a biocontrol area 2 (common bag package) and a chemical defense area.
The biocontrol area adopts the device (biocontrol 1 area) or a common bag (biocontrol 2 area) of the invention, and each plant releases about 100-120 orius miri heads according to the amount of 5 orius slightly released by each navel orange tree.
The chemical defense area is sprayed with the insecticide once on the 0 th day and the 20 th day of the beginning of the test, 3000 times of the first 3% abamectin microemulsion is sprayed with 4000 times of the solution of 20% imidacloprid wettable powder, and 3000 times of the second 3% abamectin microemulsion is sprayed with 9000 times of the solution of 70% spirotetramat water dispersible granules.
The study on the population of insects adopts a 5-point sampling method, a navel orange tree is randomly selected in five directions of a biocontrol area 1, a biocontrol area 2 and a chemical defense area, the south and the east are respectively, 10 new shoots are randomly selected on the navel orange tree, the first 5 leaves are investigated from the top bud to the bottom of each shoot, and the quantity of the citrus psyllids with shoot buds is investigated and counted in 0 th, 1 th, 10 th, 20 th, 30 th, 40 th, 50 th and 60 th days after the start of the test. The test results are as follows:
TABLE 1 navel orange orchard Release of commercial Natural enemy products of orius similis and control of Pediculus citri by chemical pesticide spray
Note: the control effect of the biocontrol area 1 and the biocontrol area 2 is calculated by taking the population number of the insect on the 0 th day as the initial population; the control effect of the chemical defense area from 1 day to 20 days is calculated by taking the population number of the insect on the 0 th day as the initial population, and the control effect from 30 days to 60 days is calculated by taking the population number of the insect on the 20 th day as the initial population.
Test results show that the biocontrol effect of the biocontrol 1 area is over 90% from the 20 th day when commercial natural enemy products of the orius similis are released, and the density of the diaphorina citri population is suppressed to an extremely low level in the following 40 days; the control effect of the biocontrol area 2 is maintained between 60 and 70 percent from the 20 th day to the 60 th day after release, and the population density in the field is still higher; the chemical defense area has the control effect of over 90 percent on the 10 th day after the pesticide application, but the pest population number gradually increases after the 10 th day, the pesticide is sprayed again after the diaphorina citri is investigated on the 20 th day, the control effect of over 90 percent after the 10 th day, but the pesticide effect is reduced along with the time lapse, and the pest population number of the diaphorina citri in the navel orange garden gradually increases 20 days after the second pesticide application. The results show that the chemical pesticide control can reduce the population quantity of the diaphorina citri in the navel orange garden in a short period, but the duration is short, the population quantity of the diaphorina citri immediately rises after the pesticide effect is weakened, and the stable control can be realized only by spraying the pesticide for many times; the common bagged stinkbug is released, so that the insect population number of the diaphorina citri can be effectively reduced at the initial release stage, but the substances in the common bagged stinkbug are adhered and mildewed due to the influence of rainwater, dew and the like, the number of the stinkbug in the bag is reduced, the number of the progeny of the stinkbug is further insufficient, and the stable and continuous control is difficult to realize; according to the invention, through loading a proper device, the population quantity of the citrus psyllids in the navel orange garden can be continuously suppressed by releasing the orius similis at one time, and the population density of the citrus psyllids is controlled at an extremely low level, so that the citrus psyllids do not cause obvious damage to the buds of the navel orange trees.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A method for controlling pests of plant louse by utilizing orius pollidii is characterized in that the orius pollidii is released in a tip extraction period of a tree.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the period of time when the tree is extracted includes spring, summer, autumn, late autumn and winter.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the number of orius mirificus released is between 1 and 50 heads/tip.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the southern orius miri is in one or more insect states of an egg, a 1 to 5-year-old nymph, and an adult.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the psyllid pests are one or more of diaphorina citri, psyllium pyricularis, psyllium olivaceum, psyllium pyricularis, psyllium lycii, psyllium longan fructus, psyllium carinatum, psyllium robustum, psyllium gleditsiae, psyllium oleae, psyllium mori, psyllium camphorate, psyllium simplex.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the releasing is a device for hanging loading the orius bugus at a branch of the tree.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the device comprises a securing portion, a waterproofing portion, and a loading portion;
the top of the waterproof part is connected with a fixing part, and the bottom of the waterproof part is connected with a loading part;
the loading part is a pot-shaped or bag-shaped device made of net materials, and the exterior of the loading part is wrapped by paper or non-woven fabrics.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the fixed portion is a hook or a coil;
the waterproof part is made of a conical waterproof material;
the mesh specification of the mesh material is 30-40 meshes.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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