CN110720342A

CN110720342A - Method for improving transplanting survival rate of arenga pinnata seedlings

Info

Publication number: CN110720342A
Application number: CN201911020310.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨海霞; 李恒锐; 梁振华; 何文; 黎萍; 刘连军; 韦雪英; 张秀芬; 黄珍玲; 谢君锋; 郭素云
Original assignee: Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute
Current assignee: Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute
Priority date: 2019-10-25
Filing date: 2019-10-25
Publication date: 2020-01-24

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the transplanting survival rate of arenga pinnata seedlings, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a sand bed, (2) selecting seeds, (3) treating the seeds, (4) preparing a seedling culture substrate, (5) sowing the seeds, (6) bagging the cultured seedlings, (7) transplanting the seedlings into a field, (9) managing water and fertilizer; (10) and (4) pest control. According to the invention, by means of seed treatment, rooting agent treatment during transplanting, water-retaining agent addition in matrix seeds and the like, fertilizer, spraying bactericide and the like are applied during bagged seedling raising to reduce the pathological changes of seedlings and improve the insect pest resistance, so that the problems of low transplanting survival rate of the Arenga pinnata seedlings, unstable growth of the seedlings after field planting and the like are solved, and the transplanting survival rate of the seedlings is greatly improved.

Description

Method for improving transplanting survival rate of arenga pinnata seedlings

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for improving the transplanting survival rate of seedlings of gomuti palm.

Background

Gomuti palm, native to malaysia, india and burma, is the most important sugar palm in humid tropical countries and regions, and is distributed in south China and south east subtropical regions of China. The Arenga pinnata is single-stem and tall in tree form, leaves gather at the stem top, are super-large leaves, are full-fleshy, can grow to 7m in length, have large plant crowns, are known as the mental trees in the forest, and are extremely magnificent and magnificent landscapes in tropical forests. The feathers are flat, strip-shaped, flexible and wobbly, and are also extremely beautiful, each leaf can not wither for years, and a tree forms a scene by itself, and is a rare foliage plant. The plant type is tall and magnificent, the leaves are huge, the shading effect is excellent, and the plant is suitable for street trees or garden greening trees. The sugar palm powder is processed from the medulla of sugar palm, contains dietary fiber up to 5.7%, is edible and can be used as beverage, and has significant therapeutic effect on intestinal tract digestive diseases and tumor diseases. Is a special forest green nutritional treasure in south China.

In recent years, as the demand of the sugar palm powder in the market is increased, the sugar palm trees are fewer, and if the sugar palm trees are extracted for a long time without restriction, the wild sugar palm trees are exhausted or even died. At present, the sugar palm is propagated through seeds, the germination rate is extremely low under natural conditions, the germination period is long (6 months to 2 years are needed), even the seeds do not germinate for several years, the emergence of seedlings is irregular, the seeds are mildewed and damaged, the sugar palm belongs to recalcitrant seeds, the storage time is short, and only 25 percent of the seeds survive after 3 months under open conditions; since the gomuti palm is a negative plant, prefers a humid environment with sufficient water and mostly scatters in the middle and lower parts of the mountain valley and the soil, the problems that the transplanted seedlings grow normally in the field with certain difficulty, the germination rate is low in a long period and the transplanting survival rate of the seedlings is low are restricting the development of the gomuti palm industry.

The water-retaining agent is a polymer (SAP) with ultrahigh water absorption, water retention, affinity, expansibility and slow release property, can quickly absorb water which is hundreds of times or even thousands of times of the weight of the SAP, and the water retention of more than 85 percent can be absorbed and utilized by crops. On the other hand, the water-retaining agent can improve the granular structure of soil, enhance the retaining capacity of the soil on water, soil and nutrients and improve the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer of crops; and the infiltration loss and the evaporation loss of soil moisture during irrigation or rainfall can be reduced, so that the water holding capacity of the soil matrix is increased, the time for the plant to reach a wilting point is prolonged, and the watering frequency is reduced. The soil water-retaining agent can slowly release the stored water for the plants to absorb and utilize during drought and water shortage along with the growth of the crops, so that the plants can still normally grow in the drought period, and micro reservoirs are formed locally around the soil, thereby providing proper water supply and demand conditions and ecological conditions for the plants. Therefore, the use of water retention agents is an important way to improve crop yield and water use efficiency, and has become a rapid water saving technology in recent years.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for improving the transplanting survival rate of seedlings of gomuti palm, which reduces the pathological changes of the seedlings and improves the insect pest resistance by treating the roots in the seed process, using water-retaining agents, rooting agents and the like during transplanting the seedlings, applying fertilizers, spraying bactericides and the like during bagged seedling raising to solve the problems of low transplanting survival rate of the seedlings of gomuti palm, unstable growth of the seedlings after field planting and the like, and provides a feasible method for solving the shortage of resources of gomuti palm.

A method for improving the transplanting survival rate of arenga pinnata seedlings comprises the following steps:

(1) preparation of a sand bed: the width of the sand bed is 1.1-1.3 m, the length of the sand bed is 10-11 m, the four sides of the sand bed are surrounded by cement bricks, the seedbed is leveled, two layers of thick plastic films are paved at the bottom of the sand bed, sand is uniformly filled, the thickness of the plastic films is about 15-16 cm, and the surface of the sand bed is kept flat.

(2) Accelerating germination of seeds: selecting disease-free strong mature seeds with the age of more than 15 years;

(3) seed treatment: soaking the screened seeds in 0.5 percent potassium permanganate solution for disinfection for 1 hour, then washing the seeds for 2 to 3 times by using clear water, and then soaking the seeds in plant growth regulator mixed solution for 1 hour; the plant growth regulator mixed solution is formed by mixing a naphthylacetic acid solution, a paclobutrazol solution and a zeatin solution according to the weight ratio of 2-3:1: 1;

(4) preparing and culturing a seedling matrix: mixing the surface soil, garden soil and river sand in a ratio of 2:2:1 to prepare moisture-retaining transparent nutrient soil, fully stirring, mixing 1-2 g of 50% wettable carbendazim powder per square meter of soil, sealing for 5-7 days, ventilating for 3-5 days before use, and mixing 5-10 g of green muscardine fungus powder per square meter of soil;

(5) sowing seeds: dibbling the treated seeds in a sand bed, and keeping the humidity of the sand bed at 80-90% while controlling water;

(6) bagging and cultivating seedlings: transplanting the seedlings into a nutrition bag when the seedlings in the sand bed grow to 15-20 cm and the first leaves are completely unfolded, soaking the roots of the seedlings in a rooting powder solution and a gibberellin solution for 0.5-1.0 h, and airing; laying a substrate with the thickness of 5cm on the bottom layer of the nutrition bag, placing the seedling in the center, placing a mixed substrate mixed with 0.2-0.6% of water-retaining agent and 1-2% of activated carbon in the substrate, wherein the thickness is 3-5cm, and covering the substrate with 3-5cm on the uppermost layer; thoroughly drenching, placing in a sunshade, culturing at normal temperature, and keeping the substrate wet in the future with the humidity of 65-70%;

(7) transplanting the field: after 2-3 leaves grow out from the seedlings, transplanting the seedlings to a field, planting the seedlings according to the row spacing of 2.5-3 m, firstly spraying a water-retaining agent into planting holes according to the amount of the water-retaining agent of 15g per plant, uniformly mixing the water-retaining agent with fine soil, adding 1L of water into the planting holes, after the water-retaining agent mixed with the soil absorbs water, placing the seedlings of the Arenga pinnata into the center of the holes after dipping the seedlings with the slurry, righting, filling the soil, treading the holes, forming the whole surface of each hole into a concave shallow pit, finally watering 3L of each hole, and then managing according to a conventional field to strengthen water and fertilizer management and pest control;

(8) and (3) water and fertilizer management: after transplanting, sprinkling enough root fixing water for 3-5 times per week from the third day, applying a small amount of slow release fertilizer after transplanting for 1 month, wherein the using amount is 10-15 kg/mu, applying 150g of water for each seedling on average, transplanting according to the row spacing of 2.5-2.0 x 3m, and generally planting 90-100 plants per mu; fertilizing once every 3 months, 20-25 kg/mu, and fertilizing 200g per plant averagely;

(9) and (3) pest control: common plant diseases and insect pests in the growth process of the gomuti palm include aphids, moths and the like, leaf surface treatment is carried out through a spraying agent, and 10% of 3000 times of Terminalia line 2000-containing solution spraying and 40% of 800 times of omethoate missible oil spraying can be adopted for effective prevention and control; aiming at the leaf spot disease which is harmful to the leaf part of the nursery stock, spray the shigao liquid medicine diluted by 1000 times every 7 days for 1 time, and can achieve better prevention and treatment effect after lasting for 28 days.

Preferably, the sand bed adopted by the invention is medium and fine river sand, and the average grain diameter of the sand bed is 0.35-0.50 mm.

Preferably, the mature seeds are disease-free and strong mature seeds with the age of more than 15 years, the seed coats of the mature seeds are dark black, the seeds are hard, and the seed coats and the embryos are tightly connected together.

As the optimization of the technical proposal, the concentration of the naphthylacetic acid solution in the invention is 150-200mg/L, the paclobutrazol solution is 50-100mg/L and the zeatin solution is 50-100 mg/L.

Preferably, the surface soil is an area 15-20 cm away from the top of the soil and contains more organic matters and microorganisms. The garden soil is soil which is prepared by composting and high-temperature fermenting garbage, fallen leaves, animal manure, straws and the like and is cultivated and cultivated with flowers, trees and vegetables, and the garden soil contains abundant humus, has high fertility and good physical properties.

Preferably, the water-retaining agent is a special medium particle type for garden agriculture, and is a polymer with ultrahigh water absorption, water retention, affinity, expansibility and slow release; selecting 40-80 mesh water retention agent such as sodium polyacrylate.

Preferably, the concentration of the rooting powder solution in step (4) of the invention is 50mg/L ABT 3 rooting powder, and the solution is prepared by dissolving 1g ABT 3 rooting powder in 100m L alcohol and then adding 20kg water. The concentration of gibberellin is 100 mg/L; the rooting powder solution and gibberellin are mixed according to a ratio of 2: 1.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) according to the invention, the seeds of the sugar palm seeds are soaked for the second time, the potassium permanganate solution is firstly used for disinfecting the seeds to reduce the infection of surface germs and stimulate germination, and then the plant growth regulator is used for soaking the seeds, and the seed is formed by mixing the naphthalene acetic acid solution, the paclobutrazol solution and the zeatin solution, so that the germination of the sugar palm seeds is effectively promoted, the germination period is shortened, and the resistance of buds to germs is improved; the putrefaction rate of seeds is reduced, the germination rate of the gomuti palm seeds is improved, and the germination rate reaches more than 80%.

(2) Before the seedling raising bag is transplanted to the Arenga pinnata seedling, a rooting powder solution and a gibberellin solution are mixed and soaked in a root system, rooting is stimulated, preparation is rapidly made after transplantation, meanwhile, a water retaining agent and activated carbon are further added into a seedling raising matrix, so that the bagged seedling matrix can meet the requirements of seedling growth nutrition, the cost of applying the water retaining agent is low, a micro reservoir can be locally formed at the periphery of soil, appropriate water supply and demand conditions and ecological conditions are provided for plants, the activated carbon can also play a role in fertilizer conservation, a slow release effect is realized by a fertilizer, the growth of seedlings is continuously stimulated, the seedlings are enabled to be healthy and strong, and the seedling transplanting survival rate is greatly improved.

(3) After the seedling substrate is sterilized, a small amount of metarhizium anisopliae powder is added, the metarhizium anisopliae powder can parasitize various pests, enters the pest bodies through the invasion effect of the body surface, continuously grows and breeds in the pest bodies, kills the pests through consuming nutrition, mechanically penetrating, generating toxin and continuously transmitting in pest populations, and plays a role in further eliminating the plant diseases and insect pests in soil.

(4) The method is simple to operate and reasonable in steps, and the final transplanting survival rate of the seedlings of the gomuti palm reaches more than 90%.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a comparison of seed germination, wherein A is a sand bed seedling control group, and B is a sand bed seedling test group according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a comparison graph of growth conditions of bagged seedlings, wherein C is a bagged seedling control group, and D is a bagged seedling test group according to the invention;

FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of planting in a newly transplanted field, wherein E is a field control group, and F is a test group of the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows the growth of the control group after transplanting the field for 3 months;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the growth of the field trial group of the present invention after 3 months of transplantation into a field.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples in order that the advantages and features of the invention may be more readily understood, it being understood that the following examples are only preferred versions of the invention, and are not intended to limit the invention.

Experimental example 1 Gemuti palm seed Germination Observation

(1) Preparation of a sand bed: the width of the sand bed is 1.1 m, the length of the sand bed is 10m, the four sides of the sand bed are surrounded by cement bricks, the seedbed is leveled, two layers of thick plastic films are paved at the bottom, fine sand is uniformly filled, the thickness of the sand bed is about 15 cm, and the surface of the sand bed is kept flat.

(2) Seed selection: selecting disease-free strong mature seeds with the age of more than 15 years; divided into two groups (A, B groups), each group containing 100 granules;

(3) seed treatment: soaking the screened seeds in 0.5 percent potassium permanganate solution for disinfecting for 1h, then washing for 2-3 times by using clear water, and then carrying out secondary treatment, wherein the treatment conditions are as follows:

control group a: soaking the seeds in clear water for 1h to serve as a control group;

experiment group B: soaking seeds in plant growth regulator mixed solution formed by mixing 150mg/L naphthylacetic acid solution, 50mg/L paclobutrazol solution and 50mg/L zeatin solution according to the weight ratio of 2:1:1 for 1 h;

(4) sowing seeds: and dibbling the treated seeds in a sand bed, and arranging the seeds on the left side and the right side of the sand bed, wherein water is controlled during the dibbling, and the humidity of the sand bed is kept between 80 and 90 percent. The number of sprouts was recorded 10 days after sowing and every 20 days for 60 days to obtain the sprouting profile shown in Table 1. A comparison of the germination of seeds to 1-2 leaves is shown in FIG. 1.

TABLE 1 table for comparison of germination of sugar palm seeds in each time period

As can be seen from Table 1 and FIG. 1, the emergence of the seeds was faster and more uniform in the group B compared to the group A, indicating that the germination vigor and germination rate of the seeds were improved by treating the seeds with the mixed solution of plant growth regulators before sowing.

Example 2 Observation of growth of bagged gomuti palm seedlings

(1) Preparing and culturing a seedling matrix: mixing the surface soil, garden soil and river sand in a ratio of 2:2:1 to prepare moisture-retaining transparent nutrient soil, fully stirring, mixing 1-2 g of 50% wettable carbendazim powder per square meter of soil, sealing for 5 days, opening for ventilation for 3 days before use, and mixing 5-10 g of green muscardine fungus powder per square meter of soil for use;

(2) bagging and cultivating seedlings: when A, B groups of seedlings in the sand bed grow to 15-20 cm and the first leaf is completely unfolded, transplanting the seedlings into a nutrition bag. Seedling treatment:

c control group: soaking the germinated seedling in ABT No. 3 rooting powder solution of 50mg/L for 0.5 hr;

experiment group D: mixing and soaking the germinated seedlings in the group B with 50mg/L ABT No. 3 rooting powder solution and 100mg/L gibberellin solution according to a ratio of 2:1 for 0.5 h;

after treatment, both group C and group D are dried; then preparing a nutrition bag, paving a substrate with the thickness of 5cm on the bottom layer, placing the seedling in the middle, and placing the group C in the substrate with the thickness of 5 cm; putting group D into a mixed matrix mixed with 0.3 percent of water-retaining agent and 2 percent of active carbon in the matrix seed, wherein the thickness is 5 cm; the last two groups are both covered with 3cm of substrate on the uppermost layer; thoroughly drenching, placing in a sunshade, culturing at normal temperature, and keeping the substrate wet in the future with the humidity of 65-70%; after 20 days, the growth of the bagged seedlings was observed as shown in FIG. 2.

As can be seen from fig. 2: the C control group has yellow and sparse leaves and has seedling shortage, and the D experimental group has greener leaves, long leaves and full growth. The seedling roots are treated by the rooting powder solution and the gibberellin solution, and the water-retaining agent and the activated carbon are added into the matrix, so that the survival rate of the seedlings can be obviously improved.

Experimental example 3 observing planting growth condition of bagged sugar palm seedlings transplanted to field

(1) Transplanting the field: c, D groups of bagged seedlings which grow 3-4 leaves and have good and similar growth vigor in the bagged seedlings in the experimental example 2 are respectively transplanted to a field and planted according to the row spacing of 2.5m, and planting holes of the field are treated as follows before planting:

e, control group: adding 1L of water into each planting hole, and mixing with soil for 10 min; c, placing the sugar palm seedlings in the center of the holes after dipping the sugar palm seedlings in the slurry;

experiment group F: according to the dosage of the water-retaining agent of 15 g/plant, firstly spreading the water-retaining agent into a planting hole and uniformly mixing the water-retaining agent with fine soil, then adding 1L of water into the planting hole, and after the water-retaining agent mixed with the soil absorbs water for 10 min; d, placing the sugar palm seedlings in the center of the holes after dipping the sugar palm seedlings in the mud slurry;

after planting, straightening the sugar palm seedlings, filling soil and treading, forming concave shallow pits on the surfaces of the pits, finally watering 3L of water in each pit, and planting the field 2 days after transplanting as shown in a figure 3, and then strengthening water and fertilizer management and pest control according to conventional field management;

(2) and (3) water and fertilizer management: after transplanting, sprinkling enough root fixing water for 3-5 times per week from the third day, applying a small amount of slow release fertilizer after transplanting for 1 month, wherein the using amount is 10 kg/mu, and applying 120g of water for each seedling on average; fertilizing once every 3 months at 20 kg/mu; after transplanting for 3 months, the field planting condition of the transplanted seedlings is observed, as shown in fig. 4 and 5.

(9) And (3) pest control: common plant diseases and insect pests in the growth process of gomuti palm are subjected to leaf surface treatment by using a spraying agent, and the common plant diseases and insect pests can be effectively prevented and treated by spraying 2000-3000 times of 10% of adjacent gomuti lin solution and 800 times of 40% of omethoate emulsifiable solution; aiming at the leaf spot disease which is harmful to the leaf part of the nursery stock, spray the Shigao liquid medicine diluted by 1000 times every 7 days for 1 time, and realize the prevention and treatment effect after lasting for 28 days.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the control group E had a partially dry soil; the water retention of the soil in the test group F was relatively good. As can be seen from fig. 4 and 5, fig. 4 shows that most of the transplanted seedlings in the control group E withered and died, and have more weeds, and the leaves of the surviving seedlings wilted and withered; the seedlings of the F test group can basically survive, and the water-retaining agent added into the field pits can obviously improve the field transplanting survival rate.

Experimental example 4

(1) preparation of a sand bed: the width of the sand bed is 1.3 meters, the length of the sand bed is 11 meters, the four sides of the sand bed are surrounded by cement bricks, the seedbed is leveled, two layers of thick plastic films are paved at the bottom, fine sand is uniformly filled, the thickness of the sand bed is about 16 centimeters, and the surface of the sand bed is kept flat.

(2) Seed selection: selecting mature seeds which are more than 15 years old and have no diseases and are strong, wherein the seed coats are dark black, the seeds are hard, and the seed coats and the embryos are tightly connected together.

(3) Seed treatment: soaking the screened seeds in 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection for 1h, then washing the seeds for 2 times by using clear water, and then soaking the seeds in plant growth regulator mixed solution formed by mixing 200mg/L of naphthylacetic acid solution, 100mg/L of paclobutrazol solution and 100mg/L of zeatin solution according to the weight ratio of 3:1:1 for 1 h;

(4) sowing seeds: the treated seeds were sown in a sand bed while controlling the water and maintaining the humidity of the sand bed at 80-90%. The number of sprouts started to be recorded 20 days after sowing, and was recorded every 20 days for 60 days.

(5) Preparing and culturing a seedling matrix: mixing the surface soil, garden soil and river sand in a ratio of 2:2:1 to prepare moisture-retaining transparent nutrient soil, fully stirring, mixing 1-2 g of 50% wettable carbendazim powder per square meter of soil, sealing for 7 days, opening for ventilation for 5 days before use, and mixing 5g of green muscardine fungus powder per square meter of soil for use;

(6) bagging and cultivating seedlings: transplanting the seedlings into a nutrition bag when the seedlings in the sand bed grow to 15-20 cm and the first leaves are completely unfolded, mixing and soaking the seedlings for 1.0h by using 50mg/L ABT 3 rooting powder solution and 100mg/L gibberellin solution according to the ratio of 2: 1; then preparing a nutrition bag, paving a substrate with the thickness of 5cm on the bottom layer, placing the seedling in the middle, and placing a mixed substrate mixed with 0.2% of water-retaining agent and 1% of activated carbon in the substrate in the middle layer, wherein the thickness is 5 cm; finally, covering the uppermost layer with 3cm of substrate; thoroughly drenching, placing in a sunshade, culturing at normal temperature, and keeping the substrate wet in the future with the humidity of 65-70%; after 20 days, the growth of the bagged seedlings was observed.

(7) Transplanting the field: 3-4 leaves grow out of the bagged seedling, the bagged seedling with good growth vigor is transplanted to a field, the planting is carried out according to the row spacing of 2.5m, the water-retaining agent is firstly scattered into a planting hole and mixed with fine soil according to the dosage of the water-retaining agent of 15 g/plant before the planting, then 1L of water is added into the planting hole, and after the water-retaining agent mixed with the soil absorbs 5 inches of water; dipping the arenga pinnata seedlings with the slurry and then placing the arenga pinnata seedlings in the center of the holes; after planting, straightening sugar palm seedlings, filling soil and treading, forming concave shallow pits on the surfaces of the pits, finally watering 3L of water in each pit, and then strengthening water and fertilizer management and pest control according to conventional field management;

(8) and (3) water and fertilizer management: after transplanting, sprinkling enough root fixing water for 3-5 times per week from the third day, applying a small amount of slow release fertilizer after transplanting for 1 month, wherein the using amount is 15 kg/mu, and applying 150g of water for each seedling on average; fertilizing once every 3 months at 25 kg/mu; and after transplanting for 3 months, observing the field planting condition of the transplanted seedlings.

Experimental example 5

(3) Seed treatment: soaking the screened seeds in 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection for 1h, then washing the seeds for 3 times by using clear water, and then soaking the seeds in plant growth regulator mixed solution formed by mixing 150mg/L naphthylacetic acid solution, 50mg/L paclobutrazol solution and 50mg/L zeatin solution according to the weight ratio of 2:1:1 for 1 h;

(5) Preparing and culturing a seedling matrix: mixing the surface soil, garden soil and river sand in a ratio of 2:2:1 to prepare moisture-retaining transparent nutrient soil, fully stirring, mixing 1-2 g of 50% wettable carbendazim powder per square meter of soil, sealing for 5 days, opening for ventilation for 3 days before use, and mixing 10g of green muscardine fungus powder per square meter of soil for use;

(6) bagging and cultivating seedlings: transplanting the seedlings into a nutrition bag when the seedlings in the sand bed grow to 15-20 cm and the first leaves are completely unfolded, mixing and soaking the seedlings for 0.5h by using 50mg/L ABT 3 rooting powder solution and 100mg/L gibberellin solution according to a ratio of 2: 1; then preparing a nutrition bag, paving a substrate with the thickness of 5cm on the bottom layer, placing the seedling in the middle, and placing a mixed substrate mixed with 0.3% of water-retaining agent and 2% of activated carbon in the substrate in the middle layer, wherein the thickness is 5 cm; finally, covering the uppermost layer with 3cm of substrate; thoroughly drenching, placing in a sunshade, culturing at normal temperature, and keeping the substrate wet in the future with the humidity of 65-70%; after 20 days, the growth of the bagged seedlings was observed.

(7) Transplanting the field: 3-4 leaves grow out of the bagged seedling, the bagged seedling with good growth vigor is transplanted to a field, the planting is carried out according to the row spacing of 2.5m, the water-retaining agent is firstly scattered into a planting hole and uniformly mixed with fine soil according to the dosage of the water-retaining agent of 15 g/plant before the planting, then 1L of water is added into the planting hole, and the water-retaining agent mixed with the soil is saturated with water for 10min after being mixed with the water; dipping the arenga pinnata seedlings with the slurry and then placing the arenga pinnata seedlings in the center of the holes; after planting, straightening sugar palm seedlings, filling soil and treading, forming concave shallow pits on the surfaces of the pits, finally watering 3L of water in each pit, and then strengthening water and fertilizer management and pest control according to conventional field management;

(8) and (3) water and fertilizer management: after transplanting, sprinkling enough root fixing water for 3-5 times per week from the third day, applying a small amount of slow release fertilizer after transplanting for 1 month, wherein the using amount is 10 kg/mu, and applying 120g of water for each seedling on average; fertilizing once every 3 months at 20 kg/mu; and after transplanting for 3 months, observing the field planting condition of the transplanted seedlings.

Experimental example 6

(3) Seed treatment: soaking the screened seeds in 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection for 1h, then washing the seeds for 3 times by using clear water, and then soaking the seeds in plant growth regulator mixed solution formed by mixing 180mg/L of naphthylacetic acid solution, 80mg/L of paclobutrazol solution and 80mg/L of zeatin solution according to the weight ratio of 2:1:1 for 1 h;

(5) Preparing and culturing a seedling matrix: mixing the surface soil, garden soil and river sand in a ratio of 2:2:1 to prepare moisture-retaining transparent nutrient soil, fully stirring, mixing 1-2 g of 50% wettable carbendazim powder per square meter of soil, sealing for 5 days, opening for ventilation for 3 days before use, and mixing 8g of green muscardine fungus powder per square meter of soil for use;

(6) bagging and cultivating seedlings: transplanting the seedlings into a nutrition bag when the seedlings in the sand bed grow to 15-20 cm and the first leaves are completely unfolded, mixing and soaking the seedlings for 0.5h by using 50mg/L ABT 3 rooting powder solution and 100mg/L gibberellin solution according to a ratio of 2: 1; then preparing a nutrition bag, paving a substrate with the thickness of 5cm on the bottom layer, placing the seedling in the middle, and placing a mixed substrate mixed with 0.5% of water-retaining agent and 2% of activated carbon in the substrate in the middle layer, wherein the thickness is 3 cm; finally, covering the uppermost layer with 3cm of substrate; thoroughly drenching, placing in a sunshade, culturing at normal temperature, and keeping the substrate wet in the future with the humidity of 65-70%; after 20 days, the growth of the bagged seedlings was observed.

(7) Transplanting the field: 3-4 leaves grow out of the bagged seedlings, the bagged seedlings with good growth vigor are transplanted to a field and planted according to the row spacing of 3.0m, the water-retaining agent is firstly scattered into a planting hole and uniformly mixed with fine soil according to the dosage of the water-retaining agent of 15 g/plant before planting, then 1L of water is added into the planting hole, and the water-retaining agent mixed with the soil is saturated with water for 10 min; dipping the arenga pinnata seedlings with the slurry and then placing the arenga pinnata seedlings in the center of the holes; after planting, straightening sugar palm seedlings, filling soil and treading, forming concave shallow pits on the surfaces of the pits, finally watering 3L of water in each pit, and then strengthening water and fertilizer management and pest control according to conventional field management;

Experimental example 7

(1) preparation of a sand bed: the width of the sand bed is 1.2 meters, the length of the sand bed is 10 meters, the four sides of the sand bed are surrounded by cement bricks, the seedbed is leveled, two layers of thick plastic films are paved at the bottom, fine sand is uniformly filled, the thickness of the sand bed is about 16 centimeters, and the surface of the sand bed is kept flat.

(3) Seed treatment: soaking the screened seeds in 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection for 1h, then washing the seeds for 2 times by using clear water, and then soaking the seeds in plant growth regulator mixed solution formed by mixing 200mg/L of naphthylacetic acid solution, 50mg/L of paclobutrazol solution and 100mg/L of zeatin solution according to the weight ratio of 3:1:1 for 1 h;

(6) bagging and cultivating seedlings: transplanting the seedlings into a nutrition bag when the seedlings in the sand bed grow to 15-20 cm and the first leaves are completely unfolded, mixing and soaking the seedlings for 0.5h by using 50mg/L ABT 3 rooting powder solution and 100mg/L gibberellin solution according to a ratio of 2: 1; then preparing a nutrition bag, paving a substrate with the thickness of 5cm on the bottom layer, placing the seedling in the middle, and placing a mixed substrate mixed with 0.3% of water-retaining agent and 1% of activated carbon in the substrate in the middle layer, wherein the thickness is 5 cm; finally, covering the uppermost layer with 3cm of substrate; thoroughly drenching, placing in a sunshade, culturing at normal temperature, and keeping the substrate wet in the future with the humidity of 65-70%; after 20 days, the growth of the bagged seedlings was observed.

(7) Transplanting the field: 3-4 leaves grow out of the bagged seedlings, the bagged seedlings with good growth vigor are transplanted to a field and planted according to the row spacing of 2.5m, the water-retaining agent is firstly scattered into a planting hole and uniformly mixed with fine soil according to the dosage of the water-retaining agent of 15 g/plant before planting, then 1L of water is added into the planting hole, and the water-retaining agent mixed with the soil is saturated with water for 5 min; dipping the arenga pinnata seedlings with the slurry and then placing the arenga pinnata seedlings in the center of the holes; after planting, straightening sugar palm seedlings, filling soil and treading, forming concave shallow pits on the surfaces of the pits, finally watering 3L of water in each pit, and then strengthening water and fertilizer management and pest control according to conventional field management;

And (3) recording an experiment:

the experiment records the 60-day seed germination rate, bagged seedling survival rate and field transplanting survival rate of each group obtained in examples 4-7 for verification, and the results are detailed in table 2.

Table 2 record table of the effect of implementation

Claims

1. A method for improving the transplanting survival rate of arenga pinnata seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) preparation of a sand bed: the width of the sand bed is 1.1-1.3 meters, the length of the sand bed is 10-11 meters, the four sides of the sand bed are surrounded by cement bricks, the seedbed is leveled, two layers of thick plastic films are paved at the bottom of the sand bed, sand is uniformly filled, the thickness of the plastic films is 15-16 centimeters, and the surface of the sand bed is kept flat;

(2) seed selection: selecting disease-free strong mature seeds with the age of more than 15 years;

(8) and (3) water and fertilizer management: after transplanting, sprinkling enough root fixing water for 3-5 times per week from the third day, applying a small amount of slow release fertilizer after transplanting for 1 month, wherein the using amount is 10-15 kg/mu, and 150g of 100-one fertilizer is applied to each seedling on average; fertilizing once every 3 months, 20-25 kg/mu, and fertilizing 200g per plant averagely;

2. The method for improving the transplanting survival rate of seedlings of arenga pinnata according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the naphthaleneacetic acid solution is 150-200mg/L, the paclobutrazol solution is 50-100mg/L, and the zeatin solution is 50-100 mg/L.

3. The method for improving the transplanting survival rate of seedlings of gomuti palm as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seeds are disease-free and strong mature seeds with the age of more than 15 years, the seed coats are dark black, the seeds are hard, and the seed coats and the embryos are tightly connected together.

4. The method for improving the transplanting survival rate of arenga pinnata seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the surface soil in the step (3) is an area with the soil top being 15-20 cm and contains more organic matters and microorganisms.

5. The method for improving the transplanting survival rate of arenga pinnata seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the rooting powder solution in the step (4) is ABT No. 3 rooting powder with a concentration of 50mg/L and gibberellin with a concentration of 100 mg/L; the rooting powder solution and gibberellin are mixed according to a ratio of 2: 1.