CN110679963A

CN110679963A - Nut meat processing system

Info

Publication number: CN110679963A
Application number: CN201910938275.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 耿树香; 贺娜; 宁德鲁; 马婷; 徐田; 陈海云
Original assignee: Yunnan Academy of Forestry
Current assignee: Yunnan Academy of Forestry
Priority date: 2019-06-20
Filing date: 2019-09-30
Publication date: 2020-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-30
Also published as: CN110506946B; CN112205632B; CN110679963B; CN110506946A; CN112120238B; CN110547480A; CN112205632A; CN110547480B; CN110179136A; CN112120238A; CN110506945B; CN110506945A

Abstract

The invention provides a nut meat processing system, which comprises a refrigeration unit, a freezing mechanism, an inner skin removing mechanism and a color protection subsystem which are sequentially connected; the refrigerating unit is used for refrigerating the nitrogen to a set temperature; the low-temperature nitrogen obtained after the refrigeration of the refrigeration unit is introduced into the refrigeration unit through a pipeline and is used for carrying out refrigeration treatment on the nut kernels; the inner skin removing mechanism is used for removing the inner skins of the frozen nuts by using high-pressure water; the color protection subsystem is used for performing color protection treatment on the nut kernels with the inner skins removed. According to the invention, the nut kernels are washed by high-pressure water and the inner skins are removed in the conveying process, the high-pressure water nozzles are arranged on the peeling conveying auger and the peeling conveying cylinder, and the materials are continuously turned over in the conveying process, so that the inner skins on the nut kernels can be completely removed, meanwhile, the fallen inner skins can be washed away by the water and discharged out of the peeling conveying cylinder, and the peeling process efficiency and effect are excellent.

Description

Nut meat processing system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of nut processing such as walnuts, hazelnuts or pine nuts, and particularly relates to a nut processing system for removing the inner skin of walnut kernels and performing color protection treatment.

Background

At present, the high-pressure water washing process is mostly adopted in the existing process for removing the endothelium such as walnut kernels, and the washing devices in the prior art are mostly independently arranged, so that the production efficiency is low, the assembly line type mass production operation cannot be completed, and the endothelium residual rate is low.

The walnut kernel after the endothelium removing treatment is usually required to be transported to the next place to be dried, color-protecting and other procedures, the walnut kernel is required to be transported for a plurality of times in the middle, the whole process is time-consuming and labor-consuming, meanwhile, the walnut kernel is easily polluted in the middle link, and the food safety of walnut kernel processing is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to provide a nut meat processing system to solve at least one of the above technical problems in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a nut meat processing system, which comprises: the refrigeration unit, the freezing mechanism, the endothelium removing mechanism and the color protection subsystem are connected in sequence;

the refrigerating unit is used for refrigerating the nitrogen to a set temperature (generally minus 15-30 ℃); the low-temperature nitrogen obtained after the refrigeration of the refrigeration unit is introduced into the refrigeration unit through a pipeline and is used for carrying out refrigeration treatment on the nut kernels; the inner skin removing mechanism is used for removing the inner skins of the frozen nuts by using high-pressure water; the color protection subsystem is used for carrying out color protection treatment on the nut kernels with the inner skins removed;

the endothelium removing mechanism comprises a peeling conveying cylinder and a peeling conveying auger (or called conveying turning auger); the peeling conveying cylinder comprises a feeding opening and a discharging opening; the feeding port of the peeling conveying cylinder is arranged below the discharge port of the freezing mechanism, is communicated with the discharge port of the freezing mechanism in a sealing manner, and is used for receiving nut kernel materials output from the freezing mechanism; the outer diameter of the peeling conveying auger is not more than two thirds of the inner diameter of the peeling conveying cylinder, and the peeling conveying auger is used for conveying materials from the feeding port to the discharging port and turning over the materials;

the peeling conveying auger comprises a peeling central shaft and a peeling conveying blade, and the peeling conveying blade is spirally wound on the peeling central shaft; a high-pressure water flow passage is axially arranged in the peeling central shaft, and a water inlet is arranged at one end of the peeling central shaft and is connected with a high-pressure water pump and a water tank through pipelines;

in the material conveying direction, the endothelium removing mechanism comprises an eluting endothelium part close to the feeding port;

in the washing and peeling part, a water conveying pipe is laid on the pushing working surface of the peeling conveying blade (or called washing and peeling part of the peeling conveying blade), the water conveying pipe is arranged along the radial direction of the peeling conveying auger on a projection plane vertical to the peeling central shaft, and a radial water conveying channel communicated with the high-pressure water flow channel is arranged in the water conveying pipe; the side wall of the water delivery pipe is provided with a plurality of high-pressure water spray holes communicated with the inside and the outside of the radial water delivery channel; and in the washing and peeling part, a high-pressure water spray head is arranged on the side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder (or called washing and peeling part of the peeling conveying cylinder); the high-pressure water spray heads are arranged along the conveying direction of the peeling conveying auger, are respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder and the side and the upper part of the peeling conveying auger on the cross section of the vertical peeling conveying auger, and are connected with the high-pressure water pump and the water tank through pipelines; high-pressure water is simultaneously injected into the peeling conveying cylinder through a high-pressure water spray hole and a high-pressure water spray head respectively to wash the nut meat materials, and the inner skins of the frozen nut meat are removed; the bottom of the peeling conveying auger of the peeling conveying cylinder is provided with a water outlet for draining water and discharging inner skin.

According to the invention, the nut kernels are washed by high-pressure water and the inner skins are removed in the conveying process, the high-pressure water nozzles are arranged on the peeling conveying auger and the peeling conveying cylinder, and the materials are continuously turned over in the conveying process, so that the inner skins on the nut kernels can be completely removed, meanwhile, the fallen inner skins can be washed away by the water and discharged out of the peeling conveying cylinder, and the peeling process efficiency and effect are excellent.

Furthermore, in the projection plane perpendicular to the peeling and conveying auger (or the central axis thereof), the peeling and conveying auger is eccentrically arranged at the bottom of the peeling and conveying cylinder. Namely, the outer diameter of the peeling conveying auger needs to be close to or contact with the inner bottom surface of the peeling conveying cylinder, so that the materials can be smoothly conveyed.

Further, the feeding opening of the peeling conveying cylinder is low, the discharging opening is high, or the feeding opening is high, the discharging opening is low, and the included angle between the central axis of the peeling conveying cylinder and the horizontal plane is 1-10 degrees.

The peeling conveying cylinder is obliquely arranged, water liquid in the cylinder flows downwards, so that the peeled inner skin is conveniently flushed away downwards and discharged from the water outlet, the peeling walnut kernel is cleaner, and impurities such as the inner skin are less.

Further, the de-endothelialization mechanism comprises a drying part far away from the feeding port;

an axial gas flow passage is further axially arranged in the peeling central shaft, one end of the peeling central shaft of the axial gas flow passage is provided with a gas inlet, and the gas inlet is connected with a drying gas pump (serving as a gas source) through a gas circuit (the gas circuit is provided with a heating module for heating the gas flow in the gas circuit, wherein the heating module is in the prior art, such as a ceramic heating sheet, an electric heating wire and the like);

in the drying part, a vent pipe is laid on the pushing working surface of the peeling conveying blade (or called the drying part of the peeling conveying blade), the vent pipe is arranged along the radial direction of the peeling conveying auger on a projection plane vertical to the peeling central shaft, and a radial gas transmission channel communicated with the axial gas flow channel is arranged in the vent pipe; the side wall of the vent pipe is provided with a plurality of gas nozzles communicated with the inside and the outside of the radial gas transmission channel; and in the drying part, a gas nozzle is arranged on the side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder (or called the drying part of the peeling conveying cylinder); the plurality of gas nozzles are arranged along the conveying direction of the peeling conveying auger, are respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder and the side and the upper part of the peeling conveying auger on the cross section of the vertical peeling conveying auger, and are connected with the drying gas pump through a gas circuit; and simultaneously blowing dry gas into the peeling conveying cylinder through the gas nozzle and the gas nozzle respectively for drying the nut meat materials.

Further, the gas inlet is arranged at a first end of the peeling central shaft, the axial gas flow channel extends from the first end to the middle and covers the whole of the peeling part in the axial direction;

the water inlet is arranged at the second end of the peeling central shaft, and the high-pressure water flow channel extends from the second end to the middle and covers the whole drying part in the axial direction.

Furthermore, the peeling and conveying blade is densely provided with water-permeable holes for facilitating the water, gas and/or fallen endothelium to pass through.

Further, the peeling conveying cylinder is also arranged at a transition part between the peeling flushing part and the drying part; a plurality of plugging sheets made of elastic materials are arranged in the transition part; the plugging sheet is provided with a through hole coaxial with the peeling and conveying auger, the peeling and conveying auger passes through the through hole, and the inner diameter of the through hole is 2-10mm smaller than the outer diameter of the peeling and conveying auger.

The endothelium removing mechanism disclosed by the invention has a more compact structure, and can be used for carrying out air drying treatment immediately after peeling is finished, so that the walnut kernels are prevented from being surrounded by water liquid for a long time, namely, the walnut kernels are blown off by high-pressure air before the water liquid is immersed into the kernels, and the original components of the walnut kernels are prevented from being damaged. Compared with the prior art, the energy consumption of the whole production process is lower, the efficiency is higher, and the processing equipment belongs to green and energy-saving processing equipment.

Further, the freezing mechanism comprises a freezing conveying cylinder and a freezing conveying auger;

the feed inlet of the freezing conveying cylinder is high, the discharge outlet of the freezing conveying cylinder is low, and the freezing conveying cylinder and the horizontal plane are arranged at an angle of 5-45 degrees; the freezing conveying auger is arranged in the freezing conveying cylinder and is driven by the driving motor to rotate so as to convey walnut kernel materials from a feeding hole to a discharging hole of the freezing conveying cylinder;

freezing auger of carrying includes: the freezing center shaft and the freezing conveying blade are spirally wound on the freezing center shaft; a central gas transmission channel is arranged in the freezing central shaft, a gas inlet is arranged at one end of the freezing central shaft of the central gas transmission channel, the gas inlet is sequentially connected with a freezing gas pump and a nitrogen source (such as a gas storage tank and the like) through a refrigeration pipeline, and a refrigeration unit is arranged on the refrigeration pipeline and used for refrigerating nitrogen in the refrigeration pipeline;

in the conveying direction, the freezing conveying cylinder and the freezing conveying auger comprise a first transition conveying section, a freezing section and a second transition conveying section which are arranged in sequence;

on the first transition conveying section and the second transition conveying section, a plurality of annular rings made of elastic materials (such as rubber, silica gel and the like) are arranged in the freezing conveying cylinder, the outer circular surface of each annular ring is fixedly connected with the inner side cylinder wall of the freezing conveying cylinder in a sealing manner, and the annular rings are arranged in a protruding manner towards the central axis direction of the freezing conveying cylinder;

on the freezing section, a gas conveying pipe is laid on the pushing working surface of a freezing conveying blade (or called freezing section of the freezing conveying blade) of the freezing conveying auger, the gas conveying pipe is arranged along the radial direction of the freezing conveying auger on a projection plane vertical to a freezing central shaft, and a radial gas conveying channel communicated with the central gas conveying channel is arranged in the gas conveying pipe; the gas transmission pipe is provided with a plurality of gas transmission holes communicated with the inside and the outside of the radial gas transmission channel; the refrigerated nitrogen is sequentially input into the freezing conveying cylinder through the central gas transmission channel, the radial gas transmission channel and the gas transmission hole and is used for freezing the conveyed material; on the freezing section, a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the wall of the freezing conveying cylinder and are connected with a first vacuum pump through an exhaust pipeline; the first vacuum pump is used for pumping out nitrogen in the freezing conveying cylinder when working, and meanwhile tends to maintain the negative pressure environment of the freezing section of the freezing conveying cylinder (for example, the negative pressure state of 0.01-0.09 MPa is kept, the purpose of the first vacuum pump is to recover nitrogen to the maximum extent and avoid nitrogen leakage);

furthermore, in the freezing section and in the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the freezing conveying auger, a plurality of gas transmission pipes are uniformly distributed at intervals, namely the gas transmission pipes are regularly distributed at equal intervals or at equal intervals and angles, so that the uniform distribution of the frozen nitrogen on the freezing section is ensured as far as possible.

The freezing conveying blades are provided with the gas conveying pipes, the walnut kernels are frozen by using low-temperature nitrogen, various defects of ice water soaking are avoided, the freezing time is shorter, the walnut kernels can be quickly frozen, and the freezing treatment depth of the walnut kernels can be controlled by controlling the length of the freezing conveying cylinder and the conveying speed of the walnut kernels.

In addition, the gas delivery pipe is laid on the conveying blades, so that the frozen nitrogen can be directly introduced into the conveyed materials, and meanwhile, the conveying blades are continuously turned in the conveying process, so that the freezing treatment effect is more uniform, the efficiency is higher.

The ring is used for reducing the cross section area of a conveying channel of the freezing conveying cylinder, and the inner diameter of the ring is 1-20mm smaller than the outer diameter of the freezing conveying auger; the ring rings are matched with conveyed materials in the conveying process to form a dynamic semi-sealing structure, and the dynamic semi-sealing structure is matched with the negative pressure environment of the freezing section to effectively avoid the overflow of freezing gas of the freezing section.

Wherein, the refrigeration unit can be prior art, for example it includes the body, this internal runner that is equipped with nitrogen gas and passes through that is provided with the refrigeration module in the runner. More preferably, the refrigeration unit comprises a control module, a temperature sensor and the like, so that the precise control of the refrigeration temperature is realized.

Furthermore, in the freezing section, air holes for facilitating the passage of air are densely distributed on the freezing conveying blades; and the freezing conveying blade is not provided with the air holes in the first transition conveying section and the second transition conveying section.

Furthermore, on the freezing section, an annular interlayer is arranged on the wall of the freezing conveying cylinder, and a cavity of the annular interlayer is communicated with a conveying channel in the freezing conveying cylinder through the exhaust hole; and an air exhaust port is arranged on the outer side wall of the annular interlayer and is connected with the vacuum pump through the exhaust pipeline.

Further, a plurality of the pumping ports are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the freezing conveying cylinder; and on the freezing section, the pumping holes are uniformly distributed in the axial direction of the freezing conveying cylinder.

Further, the color protection subsystem includes: the device comprises a color protection cylinder, an atomizing device, a first pump body, a second pump body and a first gas storage tank;

the first air storage tank comprises an inlet and an outlet, the inlet of the first air storage tank is communicated with the exhaust port of the freezing mechanism through a first pipeline, and nitrogen discharged from the freezing mechanism is temporarily stored in the first air storage tank through the inlet;

the color protection cylinder is vertically arranged, and a cylindrical conveying channel is arranged in the color protection cylinder;

a color protection conveying auger for conveying the nuts after the inner skins are removed is arranged in the conveying channel;

a plurality of air inlets are formed in the wall of the color protection cylinder;

one end of the first pump body is communicated with the first gas storage tank through a pipeline, and the other end of the first pump body is communicated with the gas inlet of the color protection cylinder through a gas transmission pipeline and is used for pumping nitrogen in the first gas storage tank into the color protection cylinder;

the temperature control unit is arranged on the gas transmission pipeline and used for heating or refrigerating nitrogen flowing through the gas transmission pipeline, and further controlling the temperature of the nitrogen pumped into the color protection cylinder within a set range of 0.1-10 ℃;

the atomizing device is characterized in that an atomizing port of the atomizing device is communicated with the gas transmission pipeline and is used for atomizing the color fixative and then spraying the atomized color fixative into the gas transmission pipeline, and the atomized color fixative is input into the color protection cylinder along with nitrogen through the gas inlet;

the color protection conveying auger comprises a central shaft body, an air exhaust channel is arranged in the central shaft body in a hollow mode, an air exhaust hole is formed in the side wall of the central shaft body, an air exhaust port is formed in one end of the air exhaust channel, and the air exhaust port is connected with a second pump body through an air exhaust pipeline; the second pump body sequentially pumps out the gas in the color protection cylinder through the pumping hole, the pumping channel and the exhaust port and is used for maintaining the pressure value in the conveying channel to be 0.01-0.05 MPa during working;

the plurality of air inlets are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the color protection cylinder; on the section perpendicular to the conveying channel, nitrogen carrying color fixative molecules moves along the radial direction of the color protection cylinder, and the color fixative molecules settle down after contacting the nut kernels and attach to the surfaces of the nut kernels.

The freezing mechanism is compact in structure, low-temperature nitrogen is continuously utilized to pass through the freezing mechanism, so that the fast freezing treatment of the nut kernels is realized, compared with ice water soaking, the freezing temperature of the freezing treatment is controllable, the fluctuation is small, and the influence of the whole freezing treatment process on the water content of the nut kernels is small.

The color protection treatment is carried out on the nut kernels with the inner skins removed by the atomized color protection agent, the dosage of the color protection agent is small, the natural taste of the nut kernels is kept to the maximum extent, and the natural ingredients of the nut kernels are prevented from being damaged by excessive additives. Compared with the traditional mode of soaking and protecting color, the method greatly reduces the contact of the nut kernels and water liquid, the nut kernels after color protection treatment do not need to be dried, or the time of drying treatment is greatly shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.

And the nitrogen is used as a carrier, so that the effect of conveying the color fixative is achieved, the nut kernels in the color protection treatment process are completely wrapped by the nitrogen, the nut kernels are prevented from contacting with external air, and an aseptic color protection environment is created while the nut kernels are prevented from being oxidized.

The low-temperature nitrogen gas is temporarily stored in the first tank (the first tank is preferably provided with an insulating layer) through the first pipeline. Due to heat loss in the freezing process, although the temperature value of nitrogen in the first tank body is improved, the method is more suitable for performing low-temperature cooling on nut kernels during decoloring treatment, and therefore secondary utilization of low-temperature nitrogen energy is achieved.

The nitrogen is cooled or heated by the temperature control unit in the conveying process, and the temperature of the nitrogen is controlled to be not more than 5 ℃ (preferably 0.1-5 ℃), so that the process temperature of color protection treatment is effectively controlled, and the freshness of the nut kernels subjected to endothelium removal is maintained to the maximum extent.

And finally, the conveying channel is cylindrical, the plurality of air inlets are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the color protection cylinder, the nitrogen carries the color protection agent molecules to move along the radial direction of the color protection cylinder, so that an aggregation effect is formed, and the distribution of the color protection agent molecules in the radial direction of the color protection cylinder is more uniform. And the conveying channel is maintained in a negative pressure state of 0.01-0.05 MPa during work, so that the activity degree of the color fixative molecules is improved, the color fixative molecules in the color protection cylinder (in the conveying channel) are further uniformly distributed, and the nut kernels are colored more uniformly.

Further, a filtering device for filtering nitrogen is arranged on the first pipeline.

The temperature control unit may be a conventional one, for example, the temperature control unit includes a formulation module and a heating module.

Further, in the axial direction (conveying passage direction) of the color protection cylinder, the plurality of air inlets are uniformly arranged.

Furthermore, a feeding hole is formed in one end of the color protection cylinder of the conveying channel, a discharging hole is formed in the other end of the color protection cylinder, and the nuts axially move under the pushing of the color protection conveying auger.

The nut kernel moves along the axial direction, the color fixative moves along the radial direction of the color protection cylinder under the load of nitrogen, the paths of the nut kernel and the color protection cylinder are vertical, and the color fixative continuously settles under the action of self gravity, thereby greatly improving the attachment probability of the color fixative, namely improving the efficiency of the color protection treatment process.

Furthermore, on a projection cross section containing the central axis of the color protection cylinder, the air inlet is obliquely and downwards arranged, and nitrogen sprayed out from the air inlet is obliquely and downwards sprayed to the nut kernels on the color protection conveying auger.

Furthermore, the color protection conveying auger further comprises color protection spiral blades spirally wound around the central shaft body, and air holes are densely distributed in the spiral blades. The air holes are densely distributed, so that atomized color fixative molecules can contact the nut kernels from the lower part of the spiral blade through the air holes, and the nut kernels can be fully, thoroughly and uniformly subjected to color protection treatment.

Further, the color fixative is a mixed solution of edible citric acid and vitamin C. Wherein, the edible citric acid is preferably 0.3 percent by mass; the mass percentage of Vc is 0.5%.

Further, the temperature sensor is arranged at the air inlet and used for detecting the temperature value of the nitrogen blown out of the color protection cylinder.

Preferably, the system further comprises a controller (such as a cpu, a single chip microcomputer, etc.), wherein the controller is respectively connected to the temperature sensor and the temperature control unit, and can control the temperature control unit to operate according to a temperature value fed back by the temperature sensor, thereby forming a closed-loop feedback and control system.

Further, the atomization device is an ultrasonic atomization device. The elastic sheet is arranged in the solution of the color fixative.

Further, the device also comprises a recovery unit for recovering the color fixative and the nitrogen; the upper end of the air pumping channel in the central shaft body is closed, and the lower end of the air pumping channel is provided with the air outlet; and the exhaust port is communicated with the second pump body and the recovery unit sequentially through a pipeline.

Further, the recovery unit includes: and the tail end of a pipeline led out from the second pump body extends into the lower part of the liquid level of the recovered solution, a nitrogen recovery port is arranged above the liquid level of the recovered solution in the recovered container, and nitrogen filtered by the recovered solution is discharged through the nitrogen recovery port.

Further, the recovery container is a color fixative container, and the recovery solution is a color fixative solution; the bottom of the color fixative container is communicated with the atomizing device and is used for conveying the color fixative into the atomizing device; and the nitrogen recovery port is arranged above the toner container and communicated with a second gas storage tank through a second pipeline, and the second gas storage tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the refrigeration unit through a third pipeline. Thereby realizing the recycling of the nitrogen.

The system further comprises a nitrogen supplementing system, wherein the nitrogen supplementing system is used for supplementing and conveying nitrogen to the refrigerating unit and comprises a third air storage tank, a supplementing pipeline and a control valve body; the third gas storage tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the refrigeration unit through a supplement pipeline, and the control valve body is arranged on the supplement pipeline. The control valve is preferably a pilot control valve, and when the pressure value of the air inlet end of the refrigeration unit is lower than a set value (namely the pressure difference of the pilot end of the pilot control valve reaches a set threshold), the control valve is opened to supplement nitrogen to the refrigeration unit.

Furthermore, the temperature control unit comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprises a low-temperature pipeline as a part of the middle of the gas transmission pipeline and a high-temperature pipeline as a part of the middle of the second pipeline, and the low-temperature pipeline and the high-temperature pipeline are tightly attached to each other and wound for realizing heat exchange of two nitrogen flows through the low-temperature pipeline and the high-temperature pipeline.

The nitrogen in the gas transmission pipeline is generally low in temperature and cannot meet the requirements of a color protection treatment process, the nitrogen recovered from the recovery container is high in temperature, after the nitrogen and the nitrogen exchange heat through the heat exchanger, the temperature reduction is more suitable for the requirements of the color protection process, extra refrigeration or heating treatment of the temperature control unit is reduced, the temperature reduction of the recovered nitrogen after the heat exchange treatment is reduced, the work of the refrigeration unit can be reduced, and therefore energy recovery and utilization in the whole process of removing endothelium and protecting color are achieved, and energy consumption is reduced to the greatest extent.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a de-endothelialization mechanism provided in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the inner washing and peeling part and the drying part of the de-endothelialization mechanism in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an axial view of the flush skin portion;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of EE of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a freezing mechanism provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view AA in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view BB of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at C;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at D;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a freezing section of the freezing conveying cylinder and the freezing conveying auger in embodiment 2;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of the connection between the freezing means and the de-endothelialization means in example 2;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of a walnut kernel processing system in example 3;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a plurality of air inlets uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the color protection cylinder in embodiment 3.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to specific embodiments.

Example 1

The embodiment discloses a de-endothelialization mechanism, which comprises a skin washing and eluting part, a transition part and a drying part in sequence in the material conveying direction as shown in fig. 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, the de-endothelialization mechanism 200 comprises a peeling delivery cylinder 210 and a peeling delivery auger 230 (or delivery turner auger); the peeling conveying cylinder 210 comprises a material inlet 211 and a material outlet 212; the feeding port 211 of the peeling conveying cylinder 210 is preferentially arranged below the discharge port of the freezing mechanism, is in sealed communication with the discharge port of the freezing mechanism, and is used for receiving nut meat materials output from the freezing mechanism; the frozen nut kernels can be directly input into the peeling conveying cylinder, the discharge hole is directly butted with the color protection subsystem or the color protection device, the nut kernels finish peeling work in the conveying process without manual transportation and pause in the middle, the efficiency is improved, the nut kernels are not easy to be polluted, the nut kernels are more sanitary and safer, the freezing, the peeling and the color protection treatment can be continuously and rapidly finished, and the quality is better.

In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the peeling conveyer auger 230 is not greater than two-thirds of the inner diameter of the peeling conveyer drum 210, and the peeling conveyer auger 230 is eccentrically disposed at the bottom of the peeling conveyer drum 210 in a projection plane perpendicular to the peeling conveyer auger 230 (or the central axis thereof). That is, the outer diameter of the peeling conveyer auger 230 needs to be close to or contact with the inner bottom surface of the peeling conveyer drum 210, so as to smoothly convey the materials. The peeling conveying auger 230 conveys the materials from the material inlet 211 to the material outlet 212 and simultaneously turns over the materials, so that the nut kernels are washed all around, the peeling is more complete, and simultaneously, the peeled inner skin is more easily carried by water and discharged.

The peeling conveying auger 230 comprises a peeling central shaft 231 and a peeling conveying blade 232, and the peeling conveying blade 232 is spirally wound on the peeling central shaft 231; the peeling central shaft 231 is internally provided with a high-pressure water flow passage 233 along the axial direction, and one end of the peeling central shaft 231 of the high-pressure water flow passage 233 is provided with a water inlet which is connected with the high-pressure water pump and the water tank through pipelines.

As shown in fig. 2-4, in the washing and peeling part 210a of the peeling and conveying cylinder, a water pipe 234 is laid on the pushing working surface of the peeling and conveying blade 232 (or called the washing and peeling part 232a of the peeling and conveying blade 232), on the projection plane perpendicular to the peeling and center axis 231, the water pipe 234 is arranged along the radial direction of the peeling and conveying auger 230, and a radial water conveying channel 235 communicated with the high-pressure water channel 233 is arranged in the water pipe 234; the side wall of the water delivery pipe 234 is provided with a plurality of high-pressure water jet holes 236 communicated with the inside and the outside of the radial water delivery channel 235; and in the washing peeling part, a high-pressure water spray head 211 is arranged on the side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder 210 (or called the washing peeling part of the peeling conveying cylinder 210); the plurality of high-pressure water spray nozzles 211 are arranged along the conveying direction of the peeling conveying auger 230, on the cross section of the vertical peeling conveying auger 230, the plurality of high-pressure water spray nozzles 211 are respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder 210 and the side and the upper part of the peeling conveying auger 230, and the high-pressure water spray nozzles 211 are connected with the high-pressure water pump and the water tank through pipelines; high-pressure water simultaneously and respectively enters the peeling conveying cylinder 210 through the high-pressure water spray holes 236 and the high-pressure water spray head 211 to wash the nut meat materials, and the inner skins of the frozen nut meat are removed; the peeling transport cylinder 210 is provided with a water outlet 212 for draining water and discharging inner skin at the bottom of the peeling transport auger 230.

The water outlet 212 is preferably connected to the water tank through a water discharge pipeline, and the water discharge pipeline is provided with a filtering device for filtering inner skin or other impurities, and the filtering device has various forms, including but not limited to a filter screen or a settling tank.

In the invention, the nut kernels are washed by high-pressure water and the inner skins are removed in the conveying process, the high-pressure water nozzles are arranged on the peeling conveying auger 230 and the peeling conveying cylinder 210, and the materials are continuously turned over in the conveying process, so that the inner skins on the nut kernels can be completely removed, meanwhile, the fallen inner skins can be washed away by the water and discharged out of the peeling conveying cylinder 210, and the peeling process has excellent efficiency and effect.

In addition, the peeling conveying cylinder 210 has a low material inlet 211 and a high material outlet 212, or has a high material inlet 211 and a low material outlet 212, and the included angle between the central axis of the peeling conveying cylinder 210 and the horizontal plane is 1-10 °. The peeling conveying cylinder 210 is obliquely arranged, so that water liquid in the cylinder flows downwards, the peeled inner skin is conveniently flushed downwards and discharged from the water outlet, the peeling walnut kernel is cleaner, and impurities such as the inner skin are less.

In addition, an axial air flow channel 237 is further axially disposed in the peeling center shaft 231, the axial air flow channel 237 is provided with an air inlet at the other end of the peeling center shaft 231, and the air inlet is connected to a drying air pump (as an air source) through an air path (a heating module for heating the air flow in the air path is disposed on the air path.

In the drying part, a vent pipe is laid on the pushing working surface of the peeling conveying blade 232 (or called the drying part 232b of the peeling conveying blade 232), the vent pipe is arranged along the radial direction of the peeling conveying auger 230 on the projection plane vertical to the peeling central shaft 231, and a radial gas transmission channel communicated with the axial gas flow channel is arranged in the vent pipe; the side wall of the vent pipe is provided with a plurality of gas nozzles communicated with the inside and the outside of the radial gas transmission channel; and, in the drying section, the sidewall of the peeling transport cylinder 210 (or called the drying section of the peeling transport cylinder 210) is provided with a gas nozzle 213; the plurality of gas nozzles are arranged along the conveying direction of the peeling conveying auger 230, are respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder 210 and the side and the upper part of the peeling conveying auger 230 on the cross section of the vertical peeling conveying auger 230, and are connected with the drying gas pump through a gas circuit; drying gas is simultaneously blown into the peeling and conveying cylinder 210 through the gas nozzles and gas jets, respectively, for drying the nut meat material. The arrangement of the aeration tubes is substantially the same as the water transport tubes and can be understood with reference to figures 3 and 4.

The air inlet of the axial air flow passage 237 is arranged at the first end of the peeling central shaft 231, the axial air flow passage extends from the first end to the middle and covers the whole of the peeling part in the axial direction; the inlet of the high pressure water passage 233 is provided at the second end of the peeling center shaft 231, and the high pressure water passage 233 extends from the second end toward the center and covers the entire drying section in the axial direction. The high-pressure water flow passage 233 is isolated from the axial gas flow passage 237 and does not communicate with the axial gas flow passage.

In addition, the whole peeling and delivering blade 232 is densely provided with water permeable holes 240 for facilitating the passage of water, gas and/or exfoliated endothelium.

And the transition part is arranged between the washing leather part and the drying part. A plurality of plugging sheets 250 made of elastic materials are arranged in the transition part; the plugging sheet 250 is provided with a through hole coaxial with the peeling conveying auger 230, the peeling conveying auger 230 penetrates through the through hole, and the inner diameter of the through hole is 2-10mm smaller than the outer diameter of the peeling conveying auger 230. The endothelium removing mechanism disclosed by the invention has a more compact structure, and can be used for carrying out air drying treatment immediately after peeling is finished, so that the walnut kernels are prevented from being surrounded by water liquid for a long time, namely, the walnut kernels are blown off by wind before the water liquid is immersed into the kernels, and the original components of the walnut kernels are prevented from being damaged. Compared with the prior art, the energy consumption of the whole production process is lower, the efficiency is higher, and the processing equipment belongs to green and energy-saving processing equipment.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 5-10, the present embodiment discloses a freezing mechanism 100, which includes a freezing conveying cylinder 110 and a freezing conveying auger 150.

In the height direction, the feed port 111 of the freezing conveying cylinder 110 is higher, the discharge port 112 is lower, and the freezing conveying cylinder is arranged at an angle of 5-20 degrees with the horizontal plane; the freezing conveying auger 150 is arranged in the freezing conveying cylinder 110, and the freezing conveying auger 150 is driven by the driving motor to rotate and is used for conveying walnut kernel materials from the feeding port 111 to the discharging port 112 of the freezing conveying cylinder 110.

Freezing auger 150 that carries includes: a freezing central shaft 152 and a freezing conveying blade 151, wherein the freezing conveying blade 151 is spirally wound on the freezing central shaft 152; a central gas transmission channel 153 is arranged in the freezing central shaft 152, a gas inlet is arranged at one end of the freezing central shaft 152 of the central gas transmission channel 153, the gas inlet is sequentially connected with a freezing gas pump and a nitrogen source (such as a gas storage tank and the like) through a refrigeration pipeline, and a refrigeration unit is arranged on the refrigeration pipeline and used for refrigerating nitrogen in the refrigeration pipeline;

in the conveying direction, the freezing conveying cylinder 110 and the freezing conveying auger 150 comprise a first transition conveying section, a freezing section and a second transition conveying section which are arranged in sequence;

on the first transition conveying section and the second transition conveying section, a plurality of ring rings 113 made of elastic materials (such as rubber, silica gel and the like) are arranged in the freezing conveying cylinder 110, the outer circular surface of the ring 113 is fixedly connected with the inner side cylinder wall of the freezing conveying cylinder 110 in a sealing manner, and the ring 113 is arranged in a protruding manner towards the central axis direction of the freezing conveying cylinder 110, namely is arranged in a protruding manner inwards along the radial direction. The ring 113 in the invention is used for reducing the cross section area of the conveying channel of the freezing conveying cylinder 110, and the inner diameter of the ring 113 is 5-10mm smaller than the outer diameter of the freezing conveying auger 150; the ring 113 is matched with the conveyed material during conveying, and the conveyed material is relatively dense at the ring, so that a dynamic semi-sealing structure is formed, and the overflow of frozen gas in the freezing section is reduced by matching with the negative pressure environment of the freezing section. Because the ring is made of elastic material, in the rotation process of the freezing conveying auger, after the ring is pressed down by the freezing conveying blade, the material can smoothly pass through the ring, and after the blade passes, the ring recovers and protrudes to play a certain plugging role.

On the freezing section, an air pipe 160 is laid on the pushing working surface of the freezing conveying blade 151 of the freezing conveying auger 150, the air pipe 160 is arranged along the radial direction of the freezing conveying auger 150 on a projection plane vertical to the freezing central shaft 152, and a radial air conveying channel 161 communicated with the central air conveying channel 153 is arranged in the air pipe 160; the air pipe 160 is provided with a plurality of air transmission holes 162 which are communicated with the inside and the outside of the radial air transmission channel 161; the refrigerated nitrogen is sequentially input into the freezing and conveying cylinder 110 through the central gas conveying channel 153, the radial gas conveying channel 161 and the gas conveying hole 162 and is used for freezing the conveyed materials; on the freezing section, a plurality of exhaust holes 114 are arranged on the wall of the freezing conveying cylinder 110, and the exhaust holes 114 are connected with a first vacuum pump through an exhaust pipeline; the first vacuum pump is operated to pump out nitrogen gas in the freezing conveying cylinder 110 and at the same time tend to maintain the negative pressure environment of the freezing section of the freezing conveying cylinder 110; when the refrigeration device works, the refrigeration section is kept in a negative pressure state of 0.05-0.08 MPa, so that nitrogen can be recycled as far as possible, and the nitrogen is prevented from leaking.

The air delivery pipe 160 is arranged on the freezing conveying blade 151, the walnut kernel is frozen by using low-temperature nitrogen, various defects of ice water soaking are avoided, the freezing time is shorter, the fast freezing of the walnut kernel can be realized, and the freezing treatment depth of the walnut kernel can be controlled by controlling the length of the freezing conveying cylinder 110 and the conveying speed of the walnut kernel.

In addition, the gas conveying pipe is laid on the freezing conveying blades, so that the freezing nitrogen can be directly introduced into the conveyed materials, and meanwhile, the freezing conveying blades are continuously turned in the conveying process, so that the freezing treatment effect is more uniform, the efficiency is higher, and the quick freezing of the surface layer of the walnut kernels can be realized.

Wherein, the refrigeration unit can be prior art, for example it includes the body, this internal runner that is equipped with nitrogen gas and passes through that is provided with the refrigeration module in the runner, for example refrigeration plant's evaporimeter sets up in the refrigeration pipeline. More preferably, the refrigeration unit comprises a control module, a temperature sensor and the like, so that the precise control of the refrigeration temperature is realized.

Air holes 154 for facilitating the gas to pass through are densely distributed on the freezing conveying blades 151 in the freezing section, so that the nitrogen is uniformly distributed, and the materials are uniformly frozen. And the freezing conveying blades 151 in the first and second transition conveying sections are not provided with the ventilation holes, thereby greatly hindering the leakage flow of nitrogen gas.

In the above technical solution, more preferably, in the freezing section, an annular interlayer 120 is disposed on a wall of the freezing conveying cylinder 110 (or called the freezing section of the freezing conveying cylinder), and a chamber of the annular interlayer is communicated with a conveying channel in the freezing conveying cylinder 110 through an exhaust hole; be provided with extraction opening 121 on the lateral wall of annular intermediate layer, extraction opening 121 passes through exhaust pipe and is connected with first vacuum pump. A plurality of pumping ports are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the freezing and conveying cylinder 110; and on the freezing section, the pumping ports are uniformly arranged in the axial direction of the freezing delivery cylinder 110. The nitrogen gas in the freezing and conveying cylinder 110 flows into the annular interlayer 120 through the exhaust hole 114 and is exhausted through the exhaust hole 121.

More preferably, check valves are provided at the inlet 111 and the outlet 112 of the freezing conveying cylinder 110, and the check valves tend to close the conveying passage under the action of the elastic member, thereby further blocking the inflow of the external air into the freezing conveying cylinder. Under the action of the gravity of the materials or the thrust of the conveying auger, the check valve is pushed open, and the smooth passing of the materials can be realized.

In the freezing section and in the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the freezing conveying auger 150, a plurality of air conveying pipes 160 are uniformly distributed at intervals, namely the air conveying pipes 160 are regularly distributed at equal intervals or at equal intervals, so that the uniform distribution of the frozen nitrogen on the freezing section is ensured as much as possible.

As shown in fig. 11, the freezing mechanism 100 and the de-endothelialization mechanism 200 of the present invention are directly and seamlessly butted, the frozen walnut kernels can be immediately transferred to the de-endothelialization process, and the de-endothelialization is realized under the washing of high pressure water, so that the peeling efficiency and effect are better.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the present embodiment discloses a nut kernel processing system with the above-mentioned de-endothelialization mechanism and the freezing mechanism, which comprises a refrigeration unit, the above-mentioned freezing mechanism and de-endothelialization mechanism, and a color protection subsystem.

The refrigerating unit is used for refrigerating the nitrogen to a set temperature (for example, 18-20 ℃ below zero);

the freezing mechanism is used for freezing nut kernels such as walnut kernels.

The color protection subsystem comprises: the color protection cylinder 10, the atomization device 30, the first pump body 51, the second pump body 52 and the first air storage tank 81.

The first gas tank 81 includes an inlet and an outlet, the inlet of which communicates with the exhaust port of the freezing mechanism through the first pipe 61, and nitrogen gas discharged from the freezing mechanism is pumped by the first vacuum pump 130 and temporarily stored in the first gas tank 81.

The color protection cylinder 10 is vertically arranged, and a cylindrical conveying channel 11 is arranged in the color protection cylinder; a color protection conveying auger 20 for conveying the walnut kernels with the inner skins removed is arranged in the conveying channel 11.

The wall of the color protection cylinder 10 is provided with a plurality of air inlets 12; one end of the first pump body 51 is communicated with the first air storage tank 81 through a pipeline, and the other end of the first pump body 51 is communicated with the air inlet 12 of the color protection tube 10 through an air transmission pipeline 62, and is used for pumping the nitrogen in the first air storage tank 81 into the color protection tube 10.

The gas transmission pipeline 62 is provided with a temperature control unit 40, and the temperature control unit 40 is used for heating or refrigerating the nitrogen flowing through the gas transmission pipeline 62, so as to control the temperature of the nitrogen pumped into the color protection cylinder 10 within the set range of 0.1-5 ℃;

the atomizing port of the atomizing device 30 is communicated with the gas transmission pipeline 62 and is used for atomizing the color fixative and then spraying the color fixative into the gas transmission pipeline 62, and the atomized color fixative is input into the conveying channel 11 in the color protection tube 10 through the gas inlet 12 along with the nitrogen;

the color protection conveying auger 20 comprises a central shaft body 22, an air exhaust channel is arranged in the central shaft body 22 in a hollow mode, an air exhaust hole 22a is formed in the side wall of the central shaft body 22, an air exhaust port 22b is formed in one end of the air exhaust channel, and the air exhaust port 22b is connected with the second pump body 52 through an air exhaust pipeline 63; the second pump body 52 pumps the gas in the conveying channel 11 sequentially through the pumping hole, the pumping channel and the exhaust port, and is used for maintaining the pressure value in the conveying channel 11 to be 0.01-0.05 MPa during working;

a plurality of air inlets 12 are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the color protection cylinder 10; on the section perpendicular to the conveying channel 11, nitrogen carrying color fixative molecules moves along the radial direction of the color protection cylinder 10, the walnut kernels move along the axial direction of the color protection cylinder 10 under the driving of the color protection conveying auger 20, and the color fixative molecules settle down and attach to the surfaces of the walnut kernels after contacting the walnut kernels.

Wherein, the external diameter of the helical blade 21 is matched with the diameter of the inner wall of the color protection cylinder 10 (the external diameter of the helical blade is equal to or slightly smaller than the internal diameter of the color protection cylinder), and the aperture of the air holes 21a is not smaller than the particle diameter of the walnut kernel, thereby preventing the walnut kernel from falling from the gap between the helical blade and the inner wall of the color protection cylinder and the air holes. In the height direction, two sections arranged on the spiral blades at intervals form a semi-closed conveying space, and when the atomized color fixative is sprayed into the conveying space, the two sections arranged on the spiral blades at intervals tend to prevent the atomized color fixative from overflowing, so that the atomized color fixative is effectively ensured to move along the radial direction of the color protection barrel.

The color fixative is continuously attached to the walnut kernels after being sprayed into the color fixative barrel, the concentration of molecules of the color fixative in the nitrogen is reduced, the nitrogen carrying the color fixative can be further ensured to move along the radial direction of the color fixative barrel under the negative pressure environment in the second pump body and the conveying channel, the mixed gas is continuously compressed under the gas accumulation effect, the mass density is increased, the concentration reduction trend caused by the sedimentation of the color fixative is effectively compensated, and finally the concentration of the color fixative is kept generally uniform in the radial direction of the color fixative barrel.

The length of the color protection cylinder 10 is set according to the production scale, when the scale is small, the color protection cylinder can be made to be relatively short, the upper end and the lower end of the color protection cylinder 10 are respectively provided with a feeding port and a discharging port, the feeding port and the discharging port are respectively provided with a sealing cover body, when walnut kernel materials are poured, the walnut kernel materials are introduced into the color protection cylinder by using a conveying auger, and the blades (two sections which are spaced up and down) of the conveying auger can ensure that the walnut kernel materials are uniformly dispersed and layered in the color protection cylinder and are not stacked together, so that uniform color protection treatment is facilitated. And pouring all walnut kernel materials into the color protection cylinder, closing the sealing cover bodies on the discharge port and the feed port, opening color protection treatment, circularly inputting atomized color protection agents, closing the first pump body after the color protection treatment is finished, closing the second pump body, opening the sealing cover body, rotating the conveying auger again, and guiding out the walnut kernel materials.

When the production scale is large, the color protection cylinder can be made to be long (for example, more than 3-5 meters), a feeding hole is formed in one end of the color protection cylinder 10 of the conveying channel 11, a discharging hole is formed in the other end of the color protection cylinder 10, and the walnut kernels move from bottom to top under the pushing of the color protection conveying auger 20. The walnut kernel is subjected to color protection treatment in the conveying process. The walnut kernel moves from bottom to top, the color fixative moves along the radial direction of the color protection cylinder 10 under the load of nitrogen, the paths of the walnut kernel and the color protection cylinder are vertical, and the color fixative is continuously settled under the action of self gravity, so that the adhesion probability of the color fixative is greatly improved, namely, the efficiency of the color protection treatment process is improved.

The walnut kernel freezing device is compact in structure, low-temperature nitrogen at the temperature of-18 to-20 ℃ is continuously passed through the freezing mechanism, so that rapid freezing treatment of walnut kernels is achieved.

The application utilizes the atomized color fixative to carry out color fixation treatment on the walnut kernels with the endothelium removed, the dosage of the color fixative is small, the natural taste of the walnut kernels is kept to the maximum extent, and the phenomenon that excessive additives destroy the natural components of the walnut kernels is avoided. Compared with the mode of traditional soaking color protection, this application greatly reduced the contact of walnut-meat with water liquid, the walnut-meat after the color protection is handled need not carry out drying process again, perhaps drying process's time shortens greatly, has improved production efficiency.

Nitrogen gas is as a carrier, not only plays the effect of carrying the color fixative, and nitrogen gas is lived with the whole parcel of walnut-meat in the color protection processing procedure, has avoided walnut-meat and outside air contact, when avoiding the walnut-meat oxidation, has built a sterile color protection environment.

The low-temperature nitrogen gas in the freezing mechanism is pumped out by the first vacuum pump 130 and temporarily stored in the first tank 81 (the first tank is provided with an insulating layer) through the first piping 61. Because the heat loss among the freezing process, the nitrogen gas temperature value in the first jar body promotes, carries out low temperature cooling to the walnut-meat when more being fit for the decoloration processing to realize the reutilization of low temperature nitrogen gas energy.

The nitrogen is cooled or heated by the temperature control unit 40 in the conveying process, and the temperature of the nitrogen is controlled to be not more than 5 ℃ (preferably 0.1-5 ℃), so that the process temperature of color protection treatment is effectively controlled, and the freshness of the walnut kernels with the inner skins removed is maintained to the maximum extent.

Finally, the conveying channel 11 is cylindrical, the plurality of air inlets 12 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the color protection cylinder 10, the nitrogen carries the color protection agent molecules to move along the radial direction of the color protection cylinder 10, so that an aggregation effect is formed, and the distribution of the color protection agent molecules in the radial direction of the color protection cylinder 10 is more uniform. And the conveying channel 11 is maintained at a negative pressure state of 0.01-0.05 MPa during work, so that the activity degree of the color fixative molecules is improved, the color fixative molecules in the color protection cylinder 10 (in the conveying channel 11) are further uniformly distributed, and the walnut kernels are colored more uniformly.

The first pipeline 61 is provided with a filtering device (for example, an air filter screen) for filtering the nitrogen gas, so as to filter and remove impurities in the nitrogen gas.

As shown in fig. 13, the plurality of air inlets 12 are uniformly arranged in the axial direction of the color protection tube 10 (in the direction of the conveyance path 11).

In the above technical scheme, optionally, the conveying channel 11 is provided with a feeding hole at one end of the color protection cylinder 10, a discharging hole at the other end of the color protection cylinder 10, and the walnut kernels move axially under the pushing of the color protection conveying auger 20. The color fixative moves along the radial direction of the color protection cylinder 10 under the load of nitrogen, the path of the color fixative is vertical to the path of the color protection cylinder, and the color fixative is continuously settled under the action of self gravity, so that the adhesion probability of the color fixative is greatly improved, namely the efficiency of the color protection treatment process is improved.

The color protection conveying auger 20 also comprises a helical blade 21 spirally wound around the central shaft body, and air holes 21a are densely distributed on the helical blade. The air holes are densely distributed, so that the atomized color fixative molecules can contact the walnut kernels from the lower part of the helical blade through the air holes, and the walnut kernels can be fully, thoroughly and uniformly subjected to color protection treatment.

The color fixative is mixed solution of edible citric acid and vitamin C. Wherein, the edible citric acid is preferably 0.3 percent by mass; the mass percentage of Vc is 0.5%.

The present embodiment further includes a temperature sensor 41 provided at the gas inlet 12 for detecting a temperature value of the nitrogen gas blown off from the color protection tube 10, and a controller 42. The controller 42 can be a cpu, a single chip, etc., and is connected to the temperature sensor and the temperature control unit, respectively, and can control the temperature control unit to operate according to the temperature value fed back by the temperature sensor, thereby forming a closed-loop feedback and control system.

The atomizing device 30 is an ultrasonic atomizing device 30. It includes the shell fragment 32 that is used for ultrasonic control, and shell fragment 32 sets up in the solution of color fixative.

The embodiment also comprises a recovery unit for recovering the color fixative and the nitrogen; the upper end of the air exhaust channel in the central shaft body is closed, and the lower end of the air exhaust channel is provided with an air exhaust port; the exhaust port is in turn in communication with the second pump body 52 and the recovery unit via a conduit.

The recovery unit includes: the recovery container 70 containing the recovery solution, the end of the recovery pipeline 64 led out from the second pump body 52 extends into the lower part of the liquid level of the recovery solution, a nitrogen recovery port 71 is arranged above the liquid level of the recovery solution in the recovery container 70, and the nitrogen filtered by the recovery solution is discharged through the nitrogen recovery port 71.

The recovery container is a color fixative container, and the recovery solution is a color fixative solution; the bottom of the color fixative container is communicated with the container 31 of the atomizing device 30 and is used for conveying the color fixative into the container 31 of the atomizing device 30; a nitrogen gas recovery port is arranged above the toner container (recovery container 70), the nitrogen gas recovery port is communicated with a second gas storage tank 82 through a second pipeline 65, and the second gas storage tank 82 is communicated with the gas inlet end of the refrigeration unit through a third pipeline 66. Thereby realizing the recycling of the nitrogen.

The embodiment further comprises a nitrogen supplementing system, which is used for supplementing and conveying nitrogen to the refrigeration unit, wherein the nitrogen supplementing system comprises a third air storage tank 83, a supplementing pipeline 84 and a control valve body 85; the third gas storage tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the refrigeration unit through a supplement pipeline, and the control valve body is arranged on the supplement pipeline. The control valve is preferably a pilot control valve, and when the pressure value of the air inlet end of the refrigeration unit is lower than a set value (namely the pressure difference of the pilot end of the pilot control valve reaches a set threshold), the control valve is opened to supplement nitrogen to the refrigeration unit.

The temperature control unit may be a conventional one, for example, the temperature control unit includes a formulation module and a heating module. The temperature control unit more preferably further comprises a heat exchanger including a low temperature pipeline as a middle part of the gas pipeline 62 and a high temperature pipeline as a middle part of the second pipeline, the low temperature pipeline and the high temperature pipeline being closely wound around each other for heat exchange of two streams of nitrogen gas flowing through the low temperature pipeline and the high temperature pipeline.

The nitrogen in the gas transmission pipeline 62 is generally low in temperature and cannot meet the requirements of the color protection treatment process, the nitrogen recovered from the recovery container is high in temperature, after the nitrogen and the nitrogen exchange heat through the heat exchanger, the temperature reduction is more suitable for the requirements of the color protection process, extra refrigeration or heating treatment of the temperature control unit is reduced, the temperature reduction of the recovered nitrogen after the heat exchange treatment is reduced, the work of the refrigeration unit can be reduced, and therefore energy recovery and utilization in the whole process of removing endothelium and protecting color are achieved, and energy consumption is reduced to the greatest extent.

The walnut kernel endothelium removing and color protecting device disclosed by the invention is compact in structure, the atomized color protecting agent is used for carrying out color protecting treatment on the walnut kernels with endothelium removed, the using amount of the color protecting agent is small, the natural taste of the walnut kernels is kept to the greatest extent, and the phenomenon that excessive additives destroy the natural components of the walnut kernels is avoided.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nut meat processing system comprising: the refrigeration unit, the freezing mechanism, the endothelium removing mechanism and the color protection subsystem are connected in sequence;

the refrigerating unit is used for refrigerating the nitrogen to a set temperature; the low-temperature nitrogen obtained after the refrigeration of the refrigeration unit is introduced into the refrigeration unit through a pipeline and is used for carrying out refrigeration treatment on the nut kernels; the inner skin removing mechanism is used for removing the inner skins of the frozen nuts by using high-pressure water; the color protection subsystem is used for carrying out color protection treatment on the nut kernels with the inner skins removed;

the inner skin removing mechanism comprises a peeling conveying cylinder and a peeling conveying auger; the peeling conveying cylinder comprises a feeding opening and a discharging opening; the feeding port of the peeling conveying cylinder is arranged below the discharge port of the freezing mechanism, is communicated with the discharge port of the freezing mechanism in a sealing manner, and is used for receiving nut kernel materials output from the freezing mechanism; the outer diameter of the peeling conveying auger is not more than two thirds of the inner diameter of the peeling conveying cylinder, and the peeling conveying auger is used for conveying materials from the feeding port to the discharging port and turning over the materials;

in the washing and peeling part, a water conveying pipe is laid on the pushing working surface of the peeling conveying blade, the water conveying pipe is arranged along the radial direction of the peeling conveying auger on a projection plane vertical to the peeling central shaft, and a radial water conveying channel communicated with the high-pressure water flow channel is arranged in the water conveying pipe; the side wall of the water delivery pipe is provided with a plurality of high-pressure water spray holes communicated with the inside and the outside of the radial water delivery channel; and in the washing and peeling part, the side wall of the peeling and conveying cylinder is provided with a high-pressure water spray head; the high-pressure water spray heads are arranged along the conveying direction of the peeling conveying auger, are respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder and the side and the upper part of the peeling conveying auger on the cross section of the vertical peeling conveying auger, and are connected with the high-pressure water pump and the water tank through pipelines; high-pressure water is simultaneously injected into the peeling conveying cylinder through a high-pressure water spray hole and a high-pressure water spray head respectively to wash the nut meat materials, and the inner skins of the frozen nut meat are removed; the bottom of the peeling conveying auger of the peeling conveying cylinder is provided with a water outlet for draining water and discharging inner skin.

2. The nut meat processing system of claim 1 wherein said decorticating conveyor auger is eccentrically positioned at the bottom of said decorticating conveyor drum in a plane perpendicular to the projected plane of said decorticating conveyor auger.

3. The nut kernel processing system according to claim 1, wherein the peeling and conveying cylinder has a low inlet and a high outlet, or a high inlet and a low outlet, and the central axis of the peeling and conveying cylinder forms an angle of 1-10 ° with the horizontal plane.

4. The nut meat processing system of claim 1 wherein said de-endothelialization mechanism includes a dryer section remote from said feed inlet;

an axial gas flow passage is also arranged in the peeling central shaft along the axial direction, a gas inlet is arranged at one end of the peeling central shaft of the axial gas flow passage, and the gas inlet is connected with a drying gas pump through a gas path;

in the drying part, a vent pipe is laid on the pushing working surface of the peeling conveying blade, the vent pipe is arranged along the radial direction of the peeling conveying auger on a projection plane vertical to the peeling central shaft, and a radial gas conveying channel communicated with the axial gas flow channel is arranged in the vent pipe; the side wall of the vent pipe is provided with a plurality of gas nozzles communicated with the inside and the outside of the radial gas transmission channel; and in the drying part, a gas nozzle is arranged on the side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder; the plurality of gas nozzles are arranged along the conveying direction of the peeling conveying auger, are respectively arranged on the inner side wall of the peeling conveying cylinder and the side and the upper part of the peeling conveying auger on the cross section of the vertical peeling conveying auger, and are connected with the drying gas pump through a gas circuit; and simultaneously blowing dry gas into the peeling conveying cylinder through the gas nozzle and the gas nozzle respectively for drying the nut meat materials.

5. The nut meat processing system of claim 1 wherein said gas inlet is disposed at a first end of said peeling center shaft, said axial gas flow path extending medially from said first end and axially covering all of said rinsing peel portion;

6. The nut meat processing system of claim 1 wherein said decorticated transfer blades are densely populated with water permeable holes for facilitating the passage of water, gas and/or sloughed off endothelium.

7. The nut meat processing system of claim 1 wherein said peeling transport cylinder is further disposed at a transition between said rinsing peel section and said drying section; a plurality of plugging sheets made of elastic materials are arranged in the transition part; the plugging sheet is provided with a through hole coaxial with the peeling and conveying auger, the peeling and conveying auger passes through the through hole, and the inner diameter of the through hole is 2-10mm smaller than the outer diameter of the peeling and conveying auger.

8. The nut meat processing system of claim 1 wherein said color care subsystem comprises: the device comprises a color protection cylinder, an atomizing device, a first pump body, a second pump body and a first gas storage tank;

9. The nut meat processing system of claim 1 wherein said first pipeline is provided with a filtration means for filtering nitrogen;

and/or, further comprising a recovery unit for recovering the color fixative and nitrogen; the upper end of the air pumping channel in the central shaft body is closed, and the lower end of the air pumping channel is provided with the air outlet; the exhaust port is communicated with the second pump body and the recovery unit through a pipeline in sequence;

and/or the nitrogen supplementing system is used for supplementing and conveying nitrogen to the refrigerating unit and comprises a third air storage tank, a supplementing pipeline and a control valve body; the third gas storage tank is communicated with the gas inlet end of the refrigeration unit through a supplement pipeline, and the control valve body is arranged on the supplement pipeline. The control valve is preferably a pilot control valve, and when the pressure value of the air inlet end of the refrigeration unit is lower than a set value, the control valve is opened to supplement nitrogen to the refrigeration unit;

and/or the temperature control unit comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprises a low-temperature pipeline as one part of the middle of the gas transmission pipeline and a high-temperature pipeline as one part of the middle of the second pipeline, and the low-temperature pipeline and the high-temperature pipeline are tightly attached to each other and wound for realizing heat exchange of two nitrogen flows through the low-temperature pipeline and the high-temperature pipeline.