CN110639470B - 一种去除三氟化氮中二氟二氮、四氟二氮的吸附剂 - Google Patents

一种去除三氟化氮中二氟二氮、四氟二氮的吸附剂 Download PDF

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CN110639470B
CN110639470B CN201910769941.4A CN201910769941A CN110639470B CN 110639470 B CN110639470 B CN 110639470B CN 201910769941 A CN201910769941 A CN 201910769941A CN 110639470 B CN110639470 B CN 110639470B
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adsorbent
difluorodinitrogen
tetrafluorodinitrogen
nitrogen trifluoride
porous material
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徐海云
宋富财
郭君
岳立平
胡帅
张帅
郑艺
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Peric Special Gases Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D15/00Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
    • B01D15/08Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
    • B01D15/10Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28054Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J20/28078Pore diameter
    • B01J20/2808Pore diameter being less than 2 nm, i.e. micropores or nanopores
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B21/00Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01B21/082Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals
    • C01B21/083Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals containing one or more halogen atoms
    • C01B21/0832Binary compounds of nitrogen with halogens

Abstract

本发明涉及一种去除三氟化氮中二氟二氮、四氟二氮的吸附剂,属于三氟化氮纯化技术领域。本发明所述吸附剂是将无机还原剂和碱性物质吸附于多孔性材料上制备而成的,主要是利用多孔性材料的吸附作用以及其微孔的纳米效应,能够大大提高常温常压下与二氟二氮、四氟二氮的反应速度,从而实现在常温常压下去除三氟化氮中的二氟二氮、四氟二氮。另外,采用本发明所述吸附剂去除二氟二氮、四氟二氮的条件温和、设备简单、操作安全以及去除效率高。

Description

一种去除三氟化氮中二氟二氮、四氟二氮的吸附剂
技术领域
本发明具体涉及一种在常温、常压下能够去除三氟化氮中二氟二氮、四氟二氮的吸附剂,属于三氟化氮纯化技术领域。
背景技术
三氟化氮是一种重要的电子化工产品,主要用于集成电路蚀刻和清洗。目前主要采用电解法和化学反应法制备三氟化氮,这两种方法制备的三氟化氮中均含有二氟二氮、四氟二氮。当前去除二氟二氮、四氟二氮的方法主要有蒸馏、精馏法、热裂解法和化学吸收法。
CN03122352.4、CN200480009983.X等专利中,根据三氟化氮与二氟二氮、四氟二氮的沸点差异,用蒸馏法去除部分二氟二氮、四氟二氮。但三氟化氮中的二氟二氮、四氟二氮在液体状态下稳定性差,容易发生爆炸。
CN03122353.2、CN200480007748.9、KR20110128144、US19780894114等专利中,用高温将二氟二氮、四氟二氮分解成氟气、氮气,再对氟气、氮气进行处理。这种方法设备简单、不存在爆炸危险,但产生的剧毒性氟气存在安全隐患。
《三氟化氮纯化的新工艺》(宋海华,现代化工,2004年04期)、《国内外三氟化氮生产技术及市场分析》(龚海涛,有机氟工业,2009年第1期)等综述论文中,简单叙述了用化学吸收法去除三氟化氮中的二氟二氮、四氟二氮。这种方法反应速度慢,去除效率低。
发明内容
针对现有去除三氟化氮中二氟二氮、四氟二氮技术中存在的不足,本发明提供了一种去除三氟化氮中二氟二氮、四氟二氮的吸附剂,利用吸附剂的还原性与二氟二氮、四氟二氮反应达到去除的效果。虽然常温下二氟二氮、四氟二氮与还原剂在水溶液中反应速度比较慢,去除效率低,不适合工业化生产,但本申请通过将无机还原剂和碱性物质负载于多孔性材料上,利用多孔性材料的吸附作用以及微孔的纳米效应,因而能大大提高常温常压下二氟二氮、四氟二氮与吸附剂的反应速度,而且设备简单、去除效率高、操作安全。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的。
一种去除三氟化氮中二氟二氮、四氟二氮的吸附剂,所述吸附剂是将多孔性材料在浸渍液中浸渍、沥干、干燥而获得的。
多孔性材料要满足比表面积≥200m2/g、粒径0.5mm~5mm、微孔直径0.1nm~5nm的要求。多孔性材料包括活性炭、活性氧化铝、分子筛或硅胶,其中以活性炭或分子筛为更适宜材料。这些多孔性材料有非常发达的微孔结构,能够将二氟二氮、四氟二氮吸附于吸附剂的微孔内表面,使二氟二氮、四氟二氮达到局部高浓度;同时,上述多孔性材料的微孔具有显著的纳米效应,能降低二氟二氮、四氟二氮的活化能,因此能大大促进吸附剂与二氟二氮、四氟二氮的氧化还原反应。
浸渍液是无机还原剂和碱性物质配制而成的水溶液。无机还原剂为水溶性的亚硫酸盐、硫代硫酸盐或焦亚硫酸盐,优选钠盐或钾盐,其在水溶液中的质量分数为0.5%~5%。碱性物质为水溶性的氢氧化物,优选氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾,其在水溶液中的质量分数为0.5%~5%。
将多孔性材料浸渍于浸渍液中,多孔性材料与浸渍液的体积比为1:5~2:1。多孔性材料量过多,浸渍不充分,浸渍不均匀;浸渍液过多,浪费浸渍液。
多孔性材料在浸渍液中浸渍的时间不少于4h。
沥干后采用沸腾床法或真空回转法干燥,干燥温度30℃~80℃。
有益效果:
本发明所述吸附剂是将无机还原剂和碱性物质吸附于多孔性材料上,利用多孔性材料的吸附作用以及其微孔的纳米效应,大大提高常温常压下与二氟二氮、四氟二氮的反应速度,从而能够实现在常温常压下去除三氟化氮中的二氟二氮、四氟二氮。另外,采用本发明所述吸附剂去除二氟二氮、四氟二氮的条件温和、设备简单、操作安全以及去除效率高。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步阐述,其中,所述方法如无特别说明均为常规方法,所述原材料如无特别说明均能从公开商业途径而得。
以下实施例中,所制备的吸附剂通过如下方法评价其吸附性能:将1600mL吸附剂均匀填充于内径40mm的不锈钢吸附柱内压实,三氟化氮粗产品(三氟化氮体积含量78%,二氟二氮、四氟二氮体积含量2%,氮气体积含量20%)以1L/min流量通过吸附剂床层,吸附柱出口用TCD色谱(色谱柱为Porapak Q,色谱柱长6m,色谱柱温度35℃,TCD检测器温度60℃,载气为氦气,载气压力0.5MPa,载气流速25mL/min,进样量0.5mL)检测,当出口检测出有二氟二氮或四氟二氮峰时即判断吸附柱穿透,此时为穿透时间。
实施例1
(1)将5kg亚硫酸钠、50kg氢氧化钠与水配制成1000kg浸渍液;
(2)取100L粒径5mm、比表面积200m2/g、微孔直径0.3nm~2nm的活性氧化铝浸渍于步骤(1)配制的500L浸渍液中,浸渍4h后,沥干多余浸渍液,再放入沸腾床于30℃下干燥,制成吸附剂。
经过吸附性能测试,穿透时间为69min。
实施例2
(1)将50kg硫代硫酸钠、5kg氢氧化钾与水配制成1000kg浸渍液;
(2)取100L粒径0.5mm、比表面积500m2/g、微孔直径0.3nm~2nm的13X分子筛浸渍于步骤(1)配制的50L浸渍液中,浸渍4h后,沥干多余浸渍液,再放入真空双锥回转干燥机中于80℃下干燥,制成吸附剂。
经过吸附性能测试,穿透时间为128min。
实施例3
(1)将20kg焦亚硫酸钠、10kg氢氧化钾与水配制成1000kg浸渍液;
(2)取100L粒径1mm、比表面积800m2/g、微孔直径0.3nm~2nm的椰壳活性炭浸渍于步骤(1)配制的100L浸渍液中,浸渍5h后,沥干多余浸渍液,再放入真空双锥回转干燥机中于50℃下干燥,制成吸附剂。
经过吸附性能测试,穿透时间为265min。
综上所述,以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种去除三氟化氮中二氟二氮、四氟二氮的吸附剂,其特征在于:所述吸附剂是将多孔性材料在浸渍液中浸渍、沥干、干燥而获得的;
所述多孔性材料的比表面积≥200 m2/g、粒径0.5 mm~5 mm以及微孔直径0.1 nm~5 nm;
所述浸渍液是无机还原剂和碱性物质配制而成的水溶液,其中,无机还原剂为亚硫酸钠、硫代硫酸钠、焦亚硫酸钠、亚硫酸钾、硫代硫酸钾或焦亚硫酸钾,碱性物质为氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾。
2.根据权利要求1所述的去除三氟化氮中二氟二氮、四氟二氮的吸附剂,其特征在于:多孔性材料包括活性炭、活性氧化铝、分子筛或硅胶。
3.根据权利要求1所述的去除三氟化氮中二氟二氮、四氟二氮的吸附剂,其特征在于:多孔性材料为活性炭或分子筛。
4.根据权利要求1所述的去除三氟化氮中二氟二氮、四氟二氮的吸附剂,其特征在于:无机还原剂和碱性物质在浸渍液中的质量分数分别独立为0.5%~5%。
5.根据权利要求4所述的去除三氟化氮中二氟二氮、四氟二氮的吸附剂,其特征在于:将多孔性材料浸渍于浸渍液中,多孔性材料与浸渍液的体积比为1:5~2:1。
6.根据权利要求5所述的去除三氟化氮中二氟二氮、四氟二氮的吸附剂,其特征在于:多孔性材料在浸渍液中的浸渍时间不少于4 h。
7.根据权利要求1所述的去除三氟化氮中二氟二氮、四氟二氮的吸附剂,其特征在于:沥干后采用沸腾床法或真空回转法干燥,干燥温度30 ℃~80 ℃。
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