CN110554535B - 发光装置及面发光光源 - Google Patents

发光装置及面发光光源 Download PDF

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CN110554535B
CN110554535B CN201910480138.9A CN201910480138A CN110554535B CN 110554535 B CN110554535 B CN 110554535B CN 201910480138 A CN201910480138 A CN 201910480138A CN 110554535 B CN110554535 B CN 110554535B
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light
emitting device
guide plate
main surface
light emitting
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CN110554535A (zh
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今田卫
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Nichia Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01L25/03—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
    • H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
    • H01L25/075—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/133605—Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
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    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/36—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes
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    • H01L33/62—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the semiconductor body, e.g. lead-frames, wire-bonds or solder balls
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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Abstract

本发明提供发光装置及面发光光源，其可实现薄型化。发光装置具备：导光板，其具有成为发光面的第一主面、第一主面的相反侧的第二主面、侧面和设于第二主面的凹部；荧光体层，其设于凹部；发光元件，其与荧光体层结合，且在与被结合的面相反的一侧的面具有电极；组件侧面，其至少包含导光板的侧面的一部分；第一配线，其沿第二主面设置，且与发光元件的电极连接；第二配线，其设于组件侧面，且与第一配线连接。

Description

发光装置及面发光光源
技术领域
本发明涉及发光装置及面发光光源。
背景技术
使用发光二极管等发光元件的发光装置例如被广泛应用于液晶显示器的背光等面发光光源。例如，在将面发光光源配置在液晶面板背面的直下型液晶显示器中，对面发光光源的薄型化的要求较高。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2007-005302号公报
专利文献2：日本特开2010-056358号公报
发明内容
本发明提供可实现薄型化的发光装置及面发光光源。
根据本发明的一方式，提供一种发光装置，该发光装置具备：导光板，其具有成为发光面的第一主面、所述第一主面的相反侧的第二主面、侧面和设于所述第二主面的凹部；荧光体层，其设于所述凹部；发光元件，其与所述荧光体层结合，且在与被结合的面相反的一侧的面具有电极；组件侧面，其至少包含所述导光板的所述侧面的一部分；第一配线，其沿所述第二主面设置，且与所述发光元件的所述电极连接；第二配线，其设于所述组件侧面，且与所述第一配线连接。
根据本发明，能够提供可实现薄型化的发光装置及面发光光源。
附图说明
图1是实施方式的发光装置的剖视示意图。
图2是图1的A部的剖视放大图。
图3是图1的A部的俯视示意图。
图4是实施方式的面发光光源的剖视示意图。
图5是图4的发光装置间的连接部的剖视放大图。
图6是实施方式的面发光光源的俯视示意图。
图7是实施方式的面发光光源的俯视示意图。
图8是实施方式的面发光光源的俯视示意图。
图9A是表示实施方式的发光装置的制造方法的剖视示意图。图9B是表示实施方式的发光装置的制造方法的剖视示意图。图9C是表示实施方式的发光装置的制造方法的剖视示意图。图9D是表示实施方式的发光装置的制造方法的剖视示意图。
附图标记说明
1…发光装置
10…导光板
11…第一主面
12…第二主面
13…侧面
15…凹部
17…透光部
20…荧光体层
30…发光元件
40…光学功能部
50…光散射层
60…反光性树脂部件
61…第一反光部
62…第二反光部
71…第一配线
72…第二配线
80…组件本体
81…组件侧面
100…面发光光源
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图对实施方式进行说明。注意，在各附图中，对于相同的要素标注了相同的附图标记。
图1是实施方式的发光装置1的剖视示意图。
发光装置1具有导光板10、发光元件30、荧光体层20、反光性树脂部件60、第一配线71和第二配线72。导光板10和反光性树脂部件60构成了作为发光装置1的外装的组件本体80。
在图1所示的例子中，发光装置1具有多个发光元件30。或者，发光装置1中包含的发光元件30也可以是一个。
图2是图1所示的发光装置1的包含一个发光元件30的部分(A部)的剖视放大图。
图3是图1的A部的俯视示意图。
导光板10对发光元件30所发出的光以及荧光体层20中包含的荧光体所发出的光具有透过性，是接受这些光的入射并从第一主面11呈面状地发光的部件。
作为导光板10的材料，例如可以使用丙烯酸类树脂、聚碳酸酯树脂、环状聚烯烃树脂、聚对苯二甲酸乙酯树脂、聚酯树脂等热塑性树脂、环氧基树脂、硅酮树脂等热固化树脂、玻璃等。其中，尤以透明性高且廉价的聚碳酸酯树脂较为优选。
导光板10具有成为发光面的第一主面11、第一主面11的相反侧的第二主面12和设于第二主面12的凹部15。
在凹部15设有荧光体层20。发光元件30在导光板10的第二主面12侧结合于荧光体层20。凹部15可以作为发光元件30相对于导光板10的定位部发挥功能。
发光元件30主要具有取出光的主发光面31和设于主发光面31的相反侧的正负一对电极32。发光元件30例如具有蓝宝石等透光性基板和层叠于透光性基板的半导体层叠构造。半导体层叠构造例如可以包含InxAlyGa1－x－yN(0≤x，0≤y，x+y≤1)，发出青色光。
发光元件30的主发光面31例如利用透光性粘接剂结合于荧光体层20。发光元件30的侧面及电极32位于凹部15外。
荧光体层20具有母材和分散于母材的荧光体。作为荧光体层20的母材的材料，例如可以使用环氧树脂、硅酮树脂、玻璃等。从耐光性及易成形性的角度来看，作为母材，优选硅酮树脂。
荧光体被发光元件30所发出的光激发，发出波长与发光元件30所发出的光的波长不同的光。例如，作为荧光体，可以使用YAG荧光体、β塞隆荧光体、KSF系荧光体等。
例如，对于发出青色系的光的发光元件30，可以使用包含发出黄色系的光的YAG荧光体的荧光体层20。荧光体层20也可以包含多个种类的荧光体。例如，对于发出青色系的光的发光元件30，可以使用包含发出绿色系的光的β塞隆荧光体以及发出红色系的光的KSF系荧光体的荧光体层20，由此扩展发光装置1的颜色再现范围。
在导光板10的第一主面11设有凹部16。在凹部16设有光学功能部40。光学功能部40设于与形成于第二主面12的凹部15相向的位置。即，光学功能部40设于与设于凹部15的荧光体层20以及结合于荧光体层20的发光元件30相向的位置。优选地，发光元件30的光轴与光学功能部40的光轴大致一致。凹部16的形状例如为倒圆锥、倒四棱锥、倒六棱锥等倒多棱锥、或者倒圆锥台、倒多棱锥台等。
光学功能部40是具有比导光板10的折射率低的折射率的透光性树脂、玻璃或空气等，可以作为使光在导光板10与光学功能部40的分界面处折射并使光沿导光板10的面方向扩散的透镜发挥功能。
在荧光体层20的上表面，设有包含光散射剂的光散射层50。光散射层50使向发光元件30的正上方方向出射的光的一部分散射并回到下方。由此，在发光装置1的发光面即导光板10的第一主面11，能够抑制发光元件30的正上方附近比其他区域过亮。
导光板10具有以与第一主面11之间大致形成直角的方式与第一主面11连接的侧面13。并且，导光板10具有以与第二主面12之间大致形成钝角的方式与第二主面12连接的倾斜面14。倾斜面14及第二主面12由反光性树脂部件60覆盖。因此，能够使在导光板10内朝倾斜面14及第二主面12前进的光在反光性树脂部件60处反射，使之朝向第一主面11。
反光性树脂部件60覆盖发光元件30的侧面。因此，能够使从发光元件30的侧面出射的光在反光性树脂部件60处反射而朝向发光元件30的主发光面31，并从该主发光面31向荧光体层20取入。另外，反光性树脂部件60为绝缘性并封闭发光元件30的电极32。
反光性树脂部件60对发光元件30所发出的光以及荧光体层20所发出的光具有反射性，例如是含有白色颜料等的树脂。特别是，反光性树脂部件60优选为含有二氧化钛的硅酮树脂。
反光性树脂部件60具有设于导光板10的倾斜面14的第一反光部61和设于导光板10的第二主面12的第二反光部62。
第一配线71以沿着第二主面12的方式设于第二反光部62的下表面。第一配线71与发光元件30的电极32连接。在发光装置1包含多个发光元件30的情况下，如图1所示，第一配线71将相邻的发光元件30的电极32彼此连接。
包含导光板10和反光性树脂部件60的组件本体80的组件侧面81包含透光部17和反光性树脂部件60的第一反光部61。
透光部17包含导光板10的设于第一主面11侧的侧面13。第一反光部61相比于透光部17更靠第二主面12侧设置。
在组件侧面81的第一反光部61设有第二配线72，透光部17从第二配线72露出。第二配线72在反光性树脂部件60的下表面侧与第一配线71连接。
第一配线71及第二配线72例如是通过溅射法一体形成的金属膜。第一配线71及第二配线72例如包含铜、金、银、铝等。
在发光装置1包含多个发光元件30的情况下，与各个发光元件30对应地设置多个荧光体层20、多个光散射层50及多个光学功能部40。
可以将多个图1所示的发光装置1组合，从而构成具有更大发光面积的面发光光源。
图4是实施方式的面发光光源100的剖视示意图。
图5是图4的发光装置1间的连接部的剖视放大图。
多个发光装置1以使相互的组件侧面81彼此相邻的方式排列。相邻的发光装置1的组件侧面81上形成的第二配线72彼此直接连接或经由导电材料连接。例如，可以施加热量和机械压力来使第二配线72彼此直接接合。或者，可以经由导电膏等导电材料使第二配线72彼此接合。
组件侧面81的透光部17彼此接合。通过在面发光光源100的发光面侧相邻的发光装置1的边界设置透光部17，且在透光部17不设置第二配线72，能够使发光装置1间的边界不变暗，能够在面方向上获得均一的亮度及颜色。
若透光部17在发光装置1的侧面比第二配线72突出，则在相邻的第二配线72间形成间隙。该情况下，可以在第二配线72间的间隙设置导电材料来使第二配线72彼此电连接。
或者，可在第二配线72彼此接合的状态下在相邻的透光部17之间形成间隙，若该间隙进入异物，则可能导致发光装置1间的边界处的辉度下降。因此，在相邻的透光部17之间形成间隙的情况下，优选在该间隙中设置透光性材料(树脂或玻璃)。
图6及图7是面发光光源100的俯视示意图。
一个发光装置1在俯视视角下形成为四边形或具有四条边的形状。四条边与发光装置1的侧面对应。在图6所示的例子中，在发光装置1的四条边中的相对的两边设有第二配线72。第二配线72没有横跨整个一条边延伸，而是局部设置。
在图6所示的例子中，例如两个发光装置1a、1b通过第二配线72相互电连接。一个发光装置1a的一个第二配线72与阳极端子A连接。一个发光装置1a的另一个第二配线72与另一个发光装置1b的一个第二配线72连接。另一个发光装置1b的另一个第二配线72与阴极端子C连接。即，多个发光装置1a、1b通过设于侧面的第二配线72直接连接在阳极端子A与阴极端子C之间。
在图7所示的例子中，面发光光源100例如包含排列成矩阵状的四个发光装置1a、1b、1c、1d。发光装置1a与发光装置1b相互直接连接。发光装置1c与发光装置1d相互直接连接。包含发光装置1a及发光装置1b的发光装置群与包含发光装置1c及发光装置1d的发光装置群并列连接在阳极端子A与阴极端子C之间。
一个发光装置1具有沿相互处于对角位置的两个角部设置的两个第二配线72。两个第二配线72中的一个第二配线72沿矩阵排列的横向方向及纵向方向与另一个发光装置1的第二配线72连接。另一个第二配线72与外部端子(阳极端子A或阴极端子C)连接。
在实施方式的发光装置1中，由于将发光元件30安装于导光板10，因此能够缩小导光板10与发光元件30的距离，能够实现发光装置1的薄型化。
并且，由于相邻的发光装置1间通过设于组件侧面81的第二配线72连接并通过设于组件侧面81的第二配线72与外部也连接，因此在导光板10的第二主面12侧不需要配线基板，这也有利于薄型化。
荧光体层20没有设于成为导光板10的发光面的第一主面11，而是设于其相反侧的第二主面12侧，因此能够使被荧光体层20转换波长后的光在导光板10及光学功能部40沿面方向扩散，能够抑制导光板10的面内的色斑。
实施方式的发光装置1及面发光光源100例如能够用于液晶显示器的背光。例如，在背光配置于液晶面板背面的直下型液晶显示器中，由于液晶面板与发光装置的距离近，因此发光装置的色斑容易给液晶显示器的色斑带来影响。因此，通过将实施方式的色斑少的发光装置1及面发光光源100用作直下型液晶显示器的背光，能够减少液晶显示器的色斑。
图8表示面发光光源100的另一例子的俯视示意图。
面发光光源100例如包含排列成矩阵状的四个发光装置1a、1b、1c、1d。
发光装置1a具有沿位于同一边的两端的两个角设置的两个第二配线72，这两个第二配线72中的一个与端子91连接，另一个与端子92连接。
发光装置1b具有沿位于同一边的两端的两个角设置的两个第二配线72，这两个第二配线72中的一个与端子92连接，另一个与端子93连接。
发光装置1c具有沿位于同一边的两端的两个角设置的两个第二配线72，这两个第二配线72中的一个与端子91连接，另一个与端子94连接。
发光装置1d具有沿位于同一边的两端的两个角设置的两个第二配线72，这两个第二配线72中的一个与端子94连接，另一个与端子93连接。
发光装置1a的与端子92连接的第二配线72和发光装置1b的与端子92连接的第二配线72在发光装置1a的侧面和发光装置1b的侧面之间接合。
发光装置1c的与端子94连接的第二配线72和发光装置1d的与端子94连接的第二配线72在发光装置1c的侧面和发光装置1d的侧面之间接合。
若端子91与端子92之间流入电流，则能够仅点亮发光装置1a。
若端子92与端子93之间流入电流，则能够仅点亮发光装置1b。
若端子91与端子94之间流入电流，则能够仅点亮发光装置1c。
若端子94与端子93之间流入电流，则能够仅点亮发光装置1d。
若端子91与端子93之间流入电流，则能够点亮全部的发光装置1a、1b、1c、1d。
图9A～图9D是表示实施方式的发光装置1的制造方法的剖视示意图。
首先，如图9A所示，准备导光板10。
导光板10例如能够通过注射成形、传递模塑、热转印等进行成形。通过利用模具一起成形出设置光学功能部40的凹部16和设置荧光体层20且还成为发光元件30的定位部的凹部15，能够提高光学功能部40与发光元件30的位置对合精度。
如图9B所示，在凹部15的底面设置光散射层50。光散射层50例如能够通过嵌注、印刷、喷涂等方法形成。
如图9C所示，在凹部15内的光散射层50上设置荧光体层20。荧光体层20例如能够通过嵌注、印刷、喷涂等方法形成。
如图9D所示，在荧光体层20上配置发光元件30。使发光元件30的主发光面31与荧光体层20接合。
之后，也可以在导光板10的第一主面11侧的凹部16设置前述的光学功能部40。进一步地，以覆盖导光板10的倾斜面14及第二主面12的方式设置反光性树脂部件60。
到此为止的程序使是以晶片或面板状态进行的，之后，根据需要在适当位置进行切片。
然后，在通过该切片而露出的反光性树脂部件60的侧面以及与该侧面连接的下表面，例如通过溅射法形成金属膜，一体地形成第一配线71及第二配线72。
以上参照具体例对本发明的实施方式进行了说明。但是，本发明并不限于这些具体例。本领域技术人员能够以本发明的上述实施方式为基础适当进行设计变更来实施，对于这些方式，只要其包含本发明的要旨，就属于本发明的范围。此外，本领域技术人员在本发明的思想范畴内能够想到各种变更例及修正例，这些变更例及修正例也属于本发明的范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种发光装置，其特征在于，具备：
导光板，其具有成为发光面的第一主面、所述第一主面的相反侧的第二主面、侧面和设于所述第二主面的凹部；
荧光体层，其设于所述凹部；
发光元件，其与所述荧光体层结合，且在与被结合的面相反的一侧的面具有电极；
组件侧面，其至少包含所述导光板的所述侧面的一部分；
反光性树脂部件，其设置于所述导光板的第二主面侧，构成所述组件侧面的一部分，
第一配线，其设置于所述反光性树脂部件的下表面，且与所述发光元件的所述电极连接；
第二配线，其设于构成所述组件侧面的所述一部分的所述反光性树脂部件的侧面，且与所述第一配线连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的发光装置，其特征在于，
所述组件侧面具有：
透光部，其包含所述导光板的所述侧面的所述一部分，所述导光板的所述侧面的该一部分设于所述导光板的所述第一主面侧；
所述反光性树脂部件的所述侧面，其设于所述导光板的所述第二主面侧。
3.如权利要求2所述的发光装置，其特征在于，
所述透光部从所述第二配线露出。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的发光装置，其特征在于，
设于所述第二主面侧的所述反光性树脂部件覆盖所述发光元件的侧面。
5.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的发光装置，其特征在于，
所述发光装置还具备光学功能部，该光学功能部设于所述导光板的所述第一主面的与所述凹部相向的位置，且具有比所述导光板的折射率低的折射率。
6.一种面发光光源，其特征在于，
所述面发光光源具有多个发光装置，该多个发光装置为权利要求1至5中任一项所述的发光装置，且该多个发光装置以使所述组件侧面彼此相邻的方式排列，
相邻的所述发光装置的所述第二配线彼此直接连接或经由导电材料连接。
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