TWI750476B - 發光裝置及面發光光源 - Google Patents

發光裝置及面發光光源 Download PDF

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TWI750476B
TWI750476B TW108119326A TW108119326A TWI750476B TW I750476 B TWI750476 B TW I750476B TW 108119326 A TW108119326 A TW 108119326A TW 108119326 A TW108119326 A TW 108119326A TW I750476 B TWI750476 B TW I750476B
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light
emitting
guide plate
emitting device
main surface
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今田衛
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日商日亞化學工業股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
    • H01L33/60—Reflective elements
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
    • F21V23/001—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being electrical wires or cables
    • F21V23/002—Arrangements of cables or conductors inside a lighting device, e.g. means for guiding along parts of the housing or in a pivoting arm
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
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    • G02F1/133524—Light-guides, e.g. fibre-optic bundles, louvered or jalousie light-guides
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    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
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    • G02F1/133605—Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
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    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
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Abstract

本發明之目的在於提供一種可薄型化之發光裝置及面發光光源。 本發明之發光裝置具備：導光板，其具有作為發光面之第1主表面、第1主表面之相反側之第2主表面、側面、及設置於第2主表面之凹部；螢光體層，其設置於凹部；發光元件，其與螢光體層結合，於結合之面之相反側之面上具有電極；模組側面，其至少包含導光板之側面之一部分；第1配線，其沿第2主表面設置，且與發光元件之電極連接；及第2配線，其設置於模組側面，且與第1配線連接。

Description

發光裝置及面發光光源
本發明係關於一種發光裝置及面發光光源。
使用發光二極體等之發光元件之發光裝置廣泛用於例如液晶顯示器之背光單元等之面發光光源。例如，於面發光光源配置於液晶面板之背面之直下型液晶顯示器中，對面發光光源之薄型化之要求較高。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2007-005302號公報 [專利文獻2]日本專利特開2010-056358號公報
[發明所欲解決之問題]
本發明係提供一種可薄型化之發光裝置及面發光光源。 [解決問題之技術手段]
根據本發明之一態樣，提供一種發光裝置，其具備：導光板，其具有作為發光面之第1主表面、上述第1主表面之相反側之第2主表面、側面、及設置於上述第2主表面之凹部；螢光體層，其設置於上述凹部；發光元件，其與上述螢光體層結合，於結合之面之相反側之面上具有電極；模組側面，其至少包含上述導光板之上述側面之一部分；第1配線，其沿上述第2主表面設置，且與上述發光元件之上述電極連接；及第2配線，其設置於上述模組側面，且與上述第1配線連接。 [發明之效果]
根據本發明，可提供一種可薄型化之發光裝置及面發光光源。
以下，參照圖式說明實施形態。另，各圖式中，對相同要件附註相同符號。
圖1係實施形態之發光裝置1之模式剖視圖。
發光裝置1具有導光板10、發光元件30、螢光體層20、光反射性樹脂構件60、第1配線71、及第2配線72。導光板10與光反射性樹脂構件60構成發光裝置1之作為鎧裝之模組本體80。
於圖1所示之例中，發光裝置1具有複數個發光元件30。或，發光裝置1所含之發光元件30亦可為1個。
圖2係圖1所示之發光裝置1中包含1個發光元件30之部分(A部)之放大剖視圖。 圖3係圖1之A部之模式俯視圖。
導光板10為對發光元件30發出之光、及螢光體層20所含之螢光體發出之光具有透過性，且接收該等光之入射，並自第1主表面11面狀發光的構件。
作為導光板10之材料，例如可使用丙烯酸系、聚碳酸酯、環狀聚烯烴、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚酯等熱可塑性樹脂、環氧樹脂、矽氧樹脂等熱硬化性樹脂、及玻璃等。尤其，較佳為透明性高且廉價之聚碳酸酯。
導光板10具有作為發光面之第1主表面11、第1主表面11之相反側之第2主表面12、及設置於第2主表面12之凹部15。
於凹部15，設置有螢光體層20。發光元件30於導光板10之第2主表面12側，結合於螢光體層20。凹部15可作為發光元件30對於導光板10之定位部而發揮功能。
發光元件30具有主提取光之主發光面31、及設置於主發光面31之相反側之正負的一對電極32。發光元件30例如具有藍寶石等透光性基板、及積層於透光性基板之半導體積層構造。半導體積層構造例如包含Inx Aly Ga1-x-y N(0≦x、0≦y、x+y≦1)，可發出藍色光。
發光元件30之主發光面31藉由例如透光性接著劑而結合於螢光體層20。發光元件30之側面及電極32位於凹部15之外。
螢光體層20具有母材、及分散於母材之螢光體。作為螢光體層20之母材之材料，例如，可使用環氧樹脂、矽氧樹脂、玻璃等。基於耐光性及易成形性之觀點，較佳以矽氧樹脂作為母材。
螢光體藉由發光元件30發出之光而激發，發出與發光元件30發出之光之波長不同之波長之光。例如，作為螢光體，可使用YAG螢光體、β賽隆螢光體、KSF系螢光體等。
例如，可對進行藍色系發光之發光元件30，使用包含進行黃色系發光之YAG螢光體的螢光體層20。螢光體層20亦可包含複數種螢光體。例如，可藉由對進行藍色系發光之發光元件30，使用包含進行綠色系發光之β賽隆螢光體、及進行紅色系發光之KSF系螢光體的螢光體層20，而擴大發光裝置1之色彩再現範圍。
於導光板10之第1主表面11設置有凹部16。於凹部16，設置有光學功能部40。光學功能部40，係設置於形成於第2主表面12之凹部15所對向之位置。即，光學功能部40，係設置於凹部15之螢光體層20及與螢光體層20結合之發光元件30所對向之位置。發光元件30之光軸、與光學功能部40之光軸較佳為大致一致。凹部16之形狀例如為倒圓錐或倒四角錐、倒六角錐等倒多角錐形、或倒圓錐台或倒多角錐台等。
光學功能部40可為具有較導光板10之折射率低之折射率之透光性樹脂、玻璃或空氣等，且作為使光於導光板10與光學功能部40之界面折射，將光向導光板10之面方向擴大之透鏡而發揮功能。
於螢光體層20之上表面，設置有包含光散射劑之光散射層50。光散射層50使出射向發光元件30之正上方向之光之一部分散射並返回下方。藉此，可於發光裝置1之發光面即導光板10之第1主表面11中，抑制發光元件30之正上附近與其他區域相比過亮之情況。
導光板10具有於與第1主表面11之間形成大致直角而接續於第1主表面11之側面13。再者，導光板10具有於與第2主表面12之間形成鈍角而接續於第2主表面12之傾斜面14。傾斜面14及第2主表面12，係以光反射性樹脂構件60覆蓋。因此，可使導光板10內朝向傾斜面14及第2主表面12行進之光，被光反射性樹脂構件60反射並朝向第1主表面11。
光反射性樹脂構件60覆蓋發光元件30之側面。因此，可使自發光元件30之側面出射之光，被光反射性樹脂構件60反射而朝向發光元件30之主發光面31，並自該主發光面31進入螢光體層20。又，光反射性樹脂構件60為絕緣性，密封發光元件30之電極32。
光反射性樹脂構件60為具有對發光元件30發出之光、及螢光體層20發出之光之反射性，且例如為含有白色顏料等的樹脂。尤其，光反射性樹脂構件60較佳為含有氧化鈦之矽氧樹脂。
光反射性樹脂構件60具有設置於導光板10之傾斜面14之第1光反射部61、及設置於導光板10之第2主表面12之第2光反射部62。
第1配線71以沿第2主表面12之方式設置於第2光反射部62之下表面。第1配線71與發光元件30之電極32連接。發光裝置1包含複數個發光元件30之情形，如圖1所示，第1配線71連接相鄰之發光元件30之電極32彼此。
包含導光板10與光反射性樹脂構件60之模組本體80之模組側面81，包含透光部17、及光反射性樹脂構件60之第1光反射部61。
透光部17包含設置於導光板10之第1主表面11側之側面13。第1光反射部61設置於較透光部17靠向第2主表面12側。
於模組側面81中之第1光反射部61設置第2配線72，透光部17自第2配線72露出。第2配線72於光反射性樹脂構件60之下表面側與第1配線71連接。
第1配線71及第2配線72為例如以濺鍍法一體形成之金屬膜。第1配線71及第2配線72例如包含銅、金、銀、鋁等。
發光裝置1於包含複數個發光元件30之情形，對應於各發光元件1，設置複數個螢光體層20、複數個光散射層50、及複數個光學功能部40。
可使圖1所示之發光裝置1複數組合，構成具有更廣發光面積之面發光光源。
圖4係實施形態之面發光光源100之模式剖視圖。 圖5係圖4之發光裝置1間之連接部之放大剖視圖。
複數個發光裝置1係相互之模組側面81彼此鄰接而排列。鄰接之發光裝置1之形成於模組側面81之第2配線72彼此直接或經由導電材料連接。例如，可施加熱與機械性壓力而使第2配線72彼此直接接合。或可經由導電性糊料等導電材料，使第2配線72彼此接合。
模組側面81之透光部17彼此接合。於面發光光源100之發光面側鄰接之發光裝置1之邊界設置透光部17，且於透光部17不設置第2配線72，藉此可不使發光裝置1間之邊界變暗，而於面方向上獲得均一之亮度及顏色。
若發光裝置1之側面中透光部17較第2配線72更突出，則可能於鄰接之第2配線72間形成間隙。該情形時，可於第2配線72間之間隙設置導電材料，使第2配線72彼此電性連接。
或，以第2配線72彼此接合之狀態，於鄰接之透光部17間形成間隙，若異物進入該間隙，則可能成為發光裝置1間之邊界的亮度降低之原因。因此，於鄰接之透光部17之間形成間隙之情形，期望於該間隙設置光透過性材料(樹脂或玻璃)。
圖6及圖7係面發光光源100之模式俯視圖。
1個發光裝置1形成為俯視時四角形或具有4個邊之形狀。4個邊對應於發光裝置1之側面。於圖6所示之例中，於發光裝置1之4個邊中對向之2邊設置有第2配線72。第2配線72未跨及1個邊之整體而延伸，而是部分地設置。
於圖6所示之例中，例如2個發光裝置1a、1b通過第2配線72彼此電性連接。一發光裝置1a之一第2配線72連接於陽極端子A。一發光裝置1a之另一第2配線72與另一發光裝置1b之一第2配線72連接。另一發光裝置1b之另一第2配線72連接於陰極端子C。即，複數個發光裝置1a、1b通過設置於側面之第2配線72，而直接連接於陽極端子A與陰極端子C之間。
於圖7所示之例中，面發光光源100包含例如排列成矩陣狀之4個發光裝置1a、1b、1c、1d。發光裝置1a與發光裝置1b彼此直接連接。發光裝置1c與發光裝置1d彼此串聯連接。包含發光裝置1a及發光裝置1b之發光裝置群、與包含發光裝置1c及發光裝置1d之發光裝置群，並聯連接於陽極端子A與陰極端子C之間。
1個發光裝置1具有沿彼此處於對角位置之2個角部而設置之2條第2配線72。2條第2配線72中之一條第2配線72，於矩陣排列之橫方向及縱方向，與其他發光裝置1之第2配線72連接。另一條第2配線72連接於外部端子(陽極端子A或陰極端子C)。
於實施形態之發光裝置1中，因於導光板10安裝發光元件30，故可縮小導光板10與發光元件30之距離，且可實現發光裝置1之薄型化。
再者，因通過設置於模組側面81之第2配線72，鄰接之發光裝置1間連接且亦與外部連接，故導光板10之第2主表面12側無需配線基板，此情況亦有利於薄型化。
螢光體層20並未設置於導光板10中作為發光面之第1主表面11，而是設置於其相反側之第2主表面12側，因而可使於螢光體層20波長轉換之光於導光板10及光學功能部40沿面方向擴散，且可抑制導光板10之面內之顏色不均。
實施形態之發光裝置1及面發光光源100例如可用於液晶顯示器之背光單元。例如，於背光單元配置於液晶面板之背面之直下型液晶顯示器中，因液晶面板與發光裝置之距離較近，故發光裝置之顏色不均容易對液晶顯示器之顏色不均造成影響。因此，藉由將如實施形態所示之顏色不均較少之發光裝置1及面發光光源100，作為直下型液晶顯示器之背光單元使用，可減少液晶顯示器之顏色不均。
圖8係面發光光源100之其他例之模式俯視圖。
面發光光源100包含例如排列成矩陣狀之4個發光裝置1a、1b、1c、1d。 發光裝置1a具有沿位於同一邊之兩端之2個角而設置之2條第2配線72，且該等2條第2配線72中之一條連接於端子91，另一條連接於端子92。 發光裝置1b具有沿位於同一邊之兩端之2個角而設置之2條第2配線72，且該等2條第2配線72中之一條連接於端子92，另一條連接於端子93。 發光裝置1c具有沿位於同一邊之兩端之2個角而設置之2條第2配線72，且該等2條第2配線72中之一條連接於端子91，另一條連接於端子94。 發光裝置1d具有沿位於同一邊之兩端之2個角而設置之2條第2配線72，且該等2條第2配線72中之一條連接於端子94，另一條連接於端子93。 發光裝置1a中連接於端子92之第2配線72、與發光裝置1b中連接於端子92之第2配線72，於發光裝置1a之側面與發光裝置1b之側面之間接合。 發光裝置1c中連接於端子94之第2配線72、與發光裝置1d中連接於端子94之第2配線72，於發光裝置1c之側面與發光裝置1d之側面之間接合。
若電流流動於端子91與端子92之間，則可僅使發光裝置1a點亮。 若電流流動於端子92與端子93之間，則可僅使發光裝置1b點亮。 若電流流動於端子91與端子94之間，則可僅使發光裝置1c點亮。 若電流流動於端子94與端子93之間，則可僅使發光裝置1d點亮。 若電流流動於端子91與端子93之間，則可使全部發光裝置1a、1b、1c、1d點亮。
圖9A～圖9D係顯示實施形態之發光裝置1之製造方法之模式剖視圖。
首先，如圖9A所示，準備導光板10。
導光板10例如可以射出成形、轉注模製、熱轉印等成形。藉由將光學功能部40設置之凹部16、與螢光體層20設置且成為發光元件30之定位部之凹部15以模具統一成形，可提高光學功能部40與發光元件30之對位精度。
如圖9B所示，於凹部15之底面，設置光散射層50。光散射層50例如可以澆鑄、印刷、噴霧等方法形成。
於凹部15內之光散射層50上，如圖9C所示，設置螢光體層20。螢光體層20例如可以澆鑄、印刷、噴霧等方法形成。
於螢光體層20上，如圖9D所示，配置發光元件30。發光元件30之主發光面31接合於螢光體層20。
其後，亦可於導光板10之第1主表面11側之凹部16設置前述之光學功能部40。再者，以覆蓋導光板10之傾斜面14及第2主表面12之方式，設置光反射性樹脂構件60。
至此之製程以晶圓或面板狀態進行，此後，根據需要於適當之部位進行切割。
接著，於藉由該切割而露出之光反射性樹脂構件60之側面、及接續於其側面之下表面，以例如濺鍍法形成金屬膜，將第1配線71及第2配線72一體形成。
以上，參照具體例，對本發明之實施形態進行說明。然而，本發明並非限定於該等具體例。以本發明之上述實施形態為基礎，熟知本技藝者可適當設計變更而實施之所有形態，只要包含本發明之主旨，則屬於本發明之範圍。此外，於本發明之思想範疇中，若為熟知本技藝者，當可想到各種變更例及修正例，且應瞭解關於該等變更例及修正例亦屬於本發明之範圍。
1:發光裝置 1a:發光裝置 1b:發光裝置 1c:發光裝置 1d:發光裝置 10:導光板 11:第1主表面 12:第2主表面 13:側面 14:傾斜面 15:凹部 16:凹部 17:透光部 20:螢光體層 30:發光元件 31:主發光面 32:電極 40:光學功能部 50:光散射層 60:光反射性樹脂構件 61:第1光反射部 62:第2光反射部 71:第1配線 72:第2配線 80:模組本體 81:模組側面 91:端子 92:端子 93:端子 94:端子 100:面發光光源 A:陽極端子 C:陰極端子
圖1係實施形態之發光裝置之模式剖視圖。 圖2係圖1之A部之放大剖視圖。 圖3係圖1之A部之模式俯視圖。 圖4係實施形態之面發光光源之模式剖視圖。 圖5係圖4之發光裝置間之連接部之放大剖視圖。 圖6係實施形態之面發光光源之模式俯視圖。 圖7係實施形態之面發光光源之模式俯視圖。 圖8係實施形態之面發光光源之模式俯視圖。 圖9A係顯示實施形態之發光裝置之製造方法之模式剖視圖。 圖9B係顯示實施形態之發光裝置之製造方法之模式剖視圖。 圖9C係顯示實施形態之發光裝置之製造方法之模式剖視圖。 圖9D係顯示實施形態之發光裝置之製造方法之模式剖視圖。
1:發光裝置
10:導光板
11:第1主表面
12:第2主表面
17:透光部
20:螢光體層
30:發光元件
40:光學功能部
50:光散射層
60:光反射性樹脂構件
61:第1光反射部
62:第2光反射部
71:第1配線
72:第2配線
80:模組本體
81:模組側面
A:陽極端子

Claims (9)

  1. 一種發光裝置，其包含：導光板，其具有作為發光面之第1主表面、上述第1主表面之相反側之第2主表面、側面、及設置於上述第2主表面之凹部；螢光體層，其設置於上述凹部；發光元件，其與上述螢光體層結合，於結合之面之相反側之面上具有電極；模組側面，其至少包含上述導光板之上述側面之一部分；第1配線，其沿上述第2主表面設置，且與上述發光元件之上述電極連接；及第2配線，其設置於上述模組側面，且與上述第1配線連接。
  2. 如請求項1之發光裝置，其中上述模組側面包含：透光部，其包含設置於上述導光板之上述第1主表面側之上述導光板之上述側面之上述一部分；及第1光反射部，其設置於上述導光板之上述第2主表面側。
  3. 如請求項2之發光裝置，其中上述第2配線設置於上述第1光反射部，且上述透光部自上述第2配線露出。
  4. 如請求項1至3中任一項之發光裝置，其中進而包含設置於上述導光板之上述第2主表面之第2光反射部；且 上述第1配線設置於上述第2光反射部。
  5. 如請求項4之發光裝置，其中上述第2光反射部覆蓋上述發光元件之側面。
  6. 如請求項1至3中任一項之發光裝置，其中進而包含：光學功能部，其設置於上述導光板之上述第1主表面中與上述凹部對向之位置，且具有較上述導光板之折射率低之折射率。
  7. 如請求項4之發光裝置，其中進而包含：光學功能部，其設置於上述導光板之上述第1主表面中與上述凹部對向之位置，且具有較上述導光板之折射率低之折射率。
  8. 如請求項5之發光裝置，其中進而包含：光學功能部，其設置於上述導光板之上述第1主表面中與上述凹部對向之位置，且具有較上述導光板之折射率低之折射率。
  9. 一種面發光光源，其包含複數個使上述模組側面彼此鄰接而排列之如請求項1至8中任一項之發光裝置；且鄰接之上述發光裝置之上述第2配線彼此，直接或經由導電材料而連接。
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