CN110537424A - Water-saving tea cutting seedling raising method - Google Patents
Water-saving tea cutting seedling raising method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110537424A CN110537424A CN201910778138.7A CN201910778138A CN110537424A CN 110537424 A CN110537424 A CN 110537424A CN 201910778138 A CN201910778138 A CN 201910778138A CN 110537424 A CN110537424 A CN 110537424A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
the invention belongs to the technical field of tea seedling raising, and relates to a water-saving tea cutting seedling raising method. The method comprises the following steps of cutting season, nursery garden preparation, cutting, disinfection of cutting, hormone treatment, cutting method, film uncovering and seedling hardening, and outplanting of tea seedlings; the invention can not need watering about 6 months before cutting and uncovering the film and hardening off the seedlings, saves water and labor, can promote the balanced growth of the tea seedlings by spraying the alginic acid foliar fertilizer, and has the advantages of more branches, high outplanting rate of the tea seedlings and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tea seedling raising, and relates to a water-saving tea cutting seedling raising method.
Background
The tea tree is an important economic crop in mountainous areas, has wide planting area and high economic benefit, and plays an important role in promoting the economic development of the mountainous areas. The planting cost of tea leaves is related to the seedling raising cost. The tea seed seedling raising progeny has large variation, so that the cutting seedling raising technology is adopted, the cost of the existing tea cuttage is high, a large amount of water is needed mainly in the cuttage rooting process, particularly, the cut at the top of the cutting shoot is easy to cause the cutting shoot rooting difficulty due to water shortage, the rooting rate is reduced, the watering frequency is improved, moisture can be preserved, and the seedling raising cost is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides: a water-saving tea cutting seedling raising method, which solves the problems in the prior art.
in order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for raising seedlings of water-saving tea leaves by cutting comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) cutting season: 9-11 months in autumn;
(2) Preparation of nursery
(3) Ear plucker
(4) Cutting ear
(5) Disinfecting cutting slips
(6) Hormone treatment
(7) Cutting
(8) Film uncovering and seedling hardening
(9) Tea seedlings are delivered: the seedling is lifted at 11 months to 2 months in the next year, the height of the seedling is more than or equal to 15cm, and the thickness is more than or equal to 0.2 cm.
preferably, the step of preparing the nursery in the step (2) is: digging a gutter around a nursery garden, wherein the width of the whole box is 122-128 cm, the depth of the whole box is 15-18 cm, adding yellow core soil with the thickness of 10-13 cm into a seedbed, adding 45-50 m of 3cm of yellow core soil into each 667m of 2, spraying water on the seedbed two days before cuttage, flattening the bed surface by using a wood plate, picking out or crushing hard blocks of the yellow core soil, and spraying carbendazim once.
Preferably, the scion picking process in the step (3) is to shear the annual red-brown semi-lignified strong branches without diseases and insect pests and with the diameter of 2-7 mm before the female parent is sheared and the dew is dried in the morning.
Preferably, the cutting shoot in the step (4) is one or two sections, the length of the cutting shoot is 3-4 cm, only the upper leaves are left, the upper-end cut is 0.3cm away from the implantation position of a leaf stalk, tender tips can be cut off when axillary buds become tender tips, two leaves are left, the cut is an inclined plane, and smoothness and no burrs are guaranteed.
Preferably, the scion cutting disinfection in the step (5) is implemented by placing the scion cutting into a carbendazim aqueous solution for disinfection for 1-2 min, wherein the carbendazim is wettable powder with 50% of effective components, and the dilution ratio of the carbendazim aqueous solution is 1: 600-800.
Preferably, the plant growth hormone in the hormone treatment in the step (6) can promote the cutting shoot to root, and the 10% soluble powder rooting powder is used for diluting 40 times of the water solution and rapidly dipping for 10-20 seconds.
Preferably, in the step (7), two persons insert a row of seedbed, the row spacing is 7.5-8.5 cm, the plant spacing is 2-3 cm, 30-32 ten thousand ears are inserted per mu, the cutting ears are vertically inserted into the soil during insertion, the base parts of the leaf stalks are preferably contacted with the ground, the leaf bodies are on the ground, the soil at the base parts of the ears is compacted by using a small index finger to enable the dark force, water is sprayed while the cutting is carried out, water is thoroughly poured after the cutting is finished, and the shading net is covered by a film in time.
Preferably, in the step (8), the film is uncovered when the temperature rises in the last ten days of 3-4 months of hardening off, after the seedling is hardened off for a plurality of times in the last ten days of 5 months, the film is sprayed with 0.5% urea aqueous solution, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and alginic acid can be properly added after the seedling is over 10cm, the top is timely topped when the seedling is over 15-20 cm, branching and thickening JING dry of the tea seedling are promoted, and watering and drought resistance in a nursery are noticed in the dry season of 7-8 months.
Preferably, in the step (7), the light shielding rate of the film covering shading net is 85%.
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the preparation steps of the nursery garden generally require that the depth of the ditch is 50cm, the width of the ditch is 30cm, and the ditch can effectively drain water when the ditch is in heavy rain; the width of the box surface of the whole box is 122-128 cm, the depth of the box surface is 15-18 cm, yellow core soil is added into the seedbed, and the thickness of the box surface is 10-13 cm, so that the box surface of the seedbed is about 5cm lower than the surrounding ground, natural rainfall can properly store water to moisten seedbed soil, drought and no rain can be kept to be moist for a long time, and watering can be omitted for more than 6 months before film uncovering and seedling hardening.
2. A common cutting method is adopted as a control group, the cutting slips are cut on a box surface which is 15cm higher than the ground, water needs to be sprayed every two months or so, the appropriate humidity is kept, and the outplanting rate is about 66%; by adopting the technology, the cutting slips are cut on the surface of the box which is 5 centimeters lower than the ground, watering is not needed about 6 months before film uncovering and seedling hardening, water and labor are saved, the cost of about 200 yuan can be saved per mu, the nutrition balance growth of tea seedlings can be promoted by spraying alginic acid foliar fertilizer, more branches grow, and the outplanting rate of the tea seedlings reaches about 71 percent.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a field diagram of cutting of cuttings;
Fig. 2 is a covering film shading view.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail by combining the drawings and the detailed implementation mode:
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention relates to a water-saving tea cutting seedling method, which comprises the following steps:
Preparing a nursery garden: digging a circumferential ditch around a nursery in 9-11 months in autumn, wherein the ditch is about 50cm deep and about 30cm wide, the width of the initial whole box is 122-128 cm, the depth of the initial whole box is 15-18 cm, adding yellow core soil into the seedbed, the thickness of the yellow core soil is 10-13 cm, adding 45-50 m3 of yellow core soil into each 667m2, spraying water on the seedbed two days before cuttage, flattening the bed surface with a wood plate, picking out or crushing hard core soil, and spraying carbendazim once;
Ear picking: shearing the female parent before the dew is dry in the morning, and shearing the red-brown semi-lignified strong branches of the current year without diseases and insect pests, wherein the diameter of the strong branches is 2-7 mm;
Cutting the cutting shoots: the cutting slips generally have one section, the section between the two sections can be two sections, one ear is 3-4 cm, only the upper leaves are left, the upper end cut is 0.3cm away from the leaf stalk implantation position, the tender tips can be cut off when axillary buds become tender tips, two leaves are left, the cut is an inclined plane, smoothness and no burr are guaranteed, and the cutting slips can be favorably inserted into the soil.
And (3) disinfection of cutting slips: placing the cut cutting slips in a carbendazim aqueous solution for disinfection for 1-2 min, wherein the carbendazim is wettable powder with 50% of effective components, and the dilution ratio of the carbendazim aqueous solution is 1: 600-800;
Hormone treatment: the plant growth hormone can promote the cutting shoot to root, and the 10% soluble powder rooting powder is used for diluting 40 times of water solution to be quickly dipped for 10-20 seconds;
The cuttage method comprises the following steps: two persons insert a seedling bed in a row, the row spacing is 7.5-8.5 cm, the plant spacing is 2-3 cm, 30-32 ten thousand ears are inserted in each mu of field, the cutting ears are vertically inserted into the soil during insertion, the base parts of the leaf stalks are properly contacted with the ground, the leaf bodies are on the ground, the soil at the base parts of the ears is compacted by using a small index finger with dark strength, water is sprayed while cutting, water is poured once after the insertion is completed, and a shading net is covered with a film in time (the shading rate is 85%);
uncovering the film and hardening the seedling: in the first ten days of 3-4 months, the film is uncovered when the air temperature rises, after the seedlings are hardened for many times in the last ten days of 5 months, 0.5 percent aqueous urea solution can be used for spraying and watering, after the seedlings are over 10cm, monopotassium phosphate and alginic acid can be properly added, and when the seedlings are over 15-20 cm, topping should be timely carried out, so that tea seedlings are promoted to branch and thicken Jinggan, and watering and drought resistance are carried out on a nursery in dry seasons of 7-8 months;
tea seedlings are delivered: the seedling is preferably lifted from 11 months to 2 months in the next year, the height of the seedling is more than or equal to 15cm, and the thickness is more than or equal to 0.2 cm.
A common cutting method is adopted as a control group, the cutting slips are cut on a box surface which is 15cm higher than the ground, water needs to be sprayed every two months or so, the appropriate humidity is kept, and the outplanting rate is about 66%; by adopting the technology, the cutting slips are cut on the surface of the box which is 5 centimeters lower than the ground, watering is not needed about 6 months before film uncovering and seedling hardening, water and labor are saved, the cost of about 200 yuan can be saved per mu, the nutrition balance growth of tea seedlings can be promoted by spraying alginic acid foliar fertilizer, more branches grow, and the outplanting rate of the tea seedlings reaches about 71 percent.
Table one or two cuttage test contrast table
| Total number of cuttings (plant) | total number of outplants (plant) | Percentage of cattail formation (%) | |
| control group | 11880 | 7841 | 66 |
| Test group | 11220 | 8001 | 71 |
the above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. a method for cutting and seedling raising of water-saving tea leaves is characterized by comprising the following steps: the cutting seedling raising method comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) cutting season: 9-11 months in autumn;
(2) Preparation of nursery
(3) Ear plucker
(4) Cutting ear
(5) Disinfecting cutting slips
(6) Hormone treatment
(7) cutting
(8) Film uncovering and seedling hardening
(9) Tea seedlings are delivered: the seedling is lifted at 11 months to 2 months in the next year, the height of the seedling is more than or equal to 15cm, and the thickness is more than or equal to 0.2 cm.
2. The water-saving tea cutting seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nursery preparation in the step (2) comprises the following steps: digging a gutter around a nursery garden, wherein the width of the whole box is 122-128 cm, the depth of the whole box is 15-18 cm, adding yellow core soil with the thickness of 10-13 cm into a seedbed, adding 45-50 m of 3cm of yellow core soil into each 667m of 2, spraying water on the seedbed two days before cuttage, flattening the bed surface by using a wood plate, picking out or crushing hard blocks of the yellow core soil, and spraying carbendazim once.
3. The water-saving tea cutting seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) the ear picking process in the step (3) is that before the female parent is cut in the morning and dew is dried, the current-year red-brown semi-lignified strong branches are cut, and the diameter of the branches is 2-7 mm without diseases and insect pests.
4. the water-saving tea cutting seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (4), the cutting shoots are one or two, 3-4 cm, only the upper leaves are left, the upper end cut is 0.3cm away from the stem of the leaf, the tender tips of axillary buds which become tender tips can be cut off, two leaves are left, and the cut is an inclined plane to ensure smoothness and no burrs.
5. The water-saving tea cutting seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (5) disinfecting the cutting slips in the step (5), and disinfecting the cut cutting slips in a carbendazim aqueous solution for 1-2 min, wherein the carbendazim is wettable powder with an effective component of 50%, and the dilution ratio of the carbendazim aqueous solution is 1: 600-800.
6. The water-saving tea cutting seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) in the hormone treatment in the step (6), the plant growth hormone can promote the cutting shoot to root, and 10% soluble powder rooting powder is used for diluting 40 times of water solution to be quickly dipped for 10-20 seconds.
7. The water-saving tea cutting seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) in the step (7), two persons insert a row of seedbed, the row spacing is 7.5-8.5 cm, the plant spacing is 2-3 cm, 30-32 ten thousand ears are inserted in each mu of field, the cutting ears are vertically inserted into the soil during insertion, the base parts of the leaf stalks are preferably in contact with the ground, the leaf bodies are on the ground, the soil at the base parts of the ears is compacted by using a small index finger with dark force, water is sprayed while cutting is carried out, water is thoroughly poured after the insertion is finished, and a shading net is covered by a film in time.
8. The water-saving tea cutting seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (8), the film is uncovered in the early 3-4 th ten days of hardening seedlings, the film is uncovered when the air temperature rises, 0.5% urea aqueous solution can be used for spraying and watering after the seedlings are hardened for many times in the late 5 th ten days, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and alginic acid can be properly added after the seedlings are over 10cm, topping is timely carried out when the seedlings are over 15-20 cm, branching and thickening of tea seedlings are promoted, and drought resistance is realized in the nursery lands in dry seasons of 7-8 months by watering.
9. The method for water-saving tea cutting seedling raising according to claim 6, wherein the shading rate of the film covering shading net is 85%.
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| CN201910778138.7A CN110537424A (en) | 2019-08-22 | 2019-08-22 | Water-saving tea cutting seedling raising method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114175930A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-15 | 南京农业大学 | Efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating growth of tea seedlings |
| CN116097990A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-05-12 | 隆回县优异茶树苗木繁育种植专业合作社 | Tea seedling breeding method |
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