CN114175930A - Efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating growth of tea seedlings - Google Patents
Efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating growth of tea seedlings Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating growth of tea seedlings, which belongs to the field of plant seedling culture2S solution and the like, and the propagation efficiency of improved varieties of different varieties is accelerated through the cuttage technology, and the resistance of the tea trees is improved, so that the pace of breeding the improved varieties of the tea trees is accelerated, and the benefit of tea enterprises is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plant seedling culture, in particular to an efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating the growth of tea seedlings.
Background
At present, the tea production of Jiangsu tea gradually changes from the traditional production mode to the modes of scale, standardization, mechanization and the like, and the tea industry becomes one of the important post industries of the main production area of Jiangsu tea. The modern asexual fine variety tea garden is one of the main sources of outplanted tea seedlings in Jiangsu province. Therefore, the improvement of the asexual propagation rate of the tea seedlings and the increase of the outplanting efficiency of the tea seedlings in an asexual improved variety tea garden are urgently needed.
Because the tea tree is a cross-pollinated plant and has mixed seeds, the uniformity of fresh tea leaves is poor, and the development of famous tea is restricted. The popularization of the improved variety of the asexual tea trees becomes an important technical measure for improving the quality and the efficiency of Jiangsu tea areas. However, the conventional asexual tea seedlings have underdeveloped root systems, deep root pricking, weak resistance and adaptability and low transplanting survival rate. In recent years, the survival rate of tea seedlings is improved by adopting a plug substrate to cultivate the tea seedlings, a water and fertilizer integrated facility and a greenhouse overwintering protection measure, but a certain difference still exists between the stress resistance of the asexual tea seedlings and the stress resistance of seedlings, and the wide application of improved varieties of clonal tea trees is limited. How to enhance the stress resistance of the asexual tea seedlings and shorten the cutting period to improve the outplanting rate of the asexual tea seedlings is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently for popularizing the improved variety of the asexual tea trees at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating the growth of tea seedlings, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides an efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating growth of tea seedlings, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing cutting slips: selecting strong branches of Sucha or Longjing longleaves in 10-11 months, cutting the strong branches into short spikes serving as cutting slips, then soaking the cutting slips into 800 times of carbendazim solution for 2 minutes, taking out the cutting slips, and dipping rooting water;
(2) cuttage: inserting the cutting shoots dipped with rooting water into a plug tray containing a cutting matrix, and watering after cutting;
(3) performing comprehensive management after cuttage;
(4) selecting a spraying opportunity: the Sucha early and Longjing longleaf cutting seedlings obtained in the step (3) are in the active period of physiological growth, namely when the root system and the bud leaves start to grow;
(5) preparation of Na2S solution: mixing Na2S·9H2Dissolving O solid in water to prepare Na2S solution;
(6) spraying Na2S solution: using a spray can, adjusting the water outlet into mist spray, and mixing the Na obtained in the step (5)2S, uniformly spraying the solution on the leaves of the cutting seedlings;
(7) repeating the step (6) three times;
(8) and (3) comprehensive management after spraying: no watering is carried out within 6 hours after spraying, and Na dilution by watering is avoided2Concentration of S solution and ensuring that the tea seedling fully absorbs Na2And (5) carrying out conventional management on the S solution.
Further, in step (1), the short spike is about 5cm long, comprising one leaf and one axillary bud. Further, in the step (1), the rooting water is dissolved in 200g of water per 8g of rooting powder.
Further, in the step (2), the cutting medium comprises turf, vermiculite and perlite in a mass ratio of 3:1: 1.
Further, in the step (2), watering is carried out after cuttage so that the moisture content of the cuttage matrix is 90%.
Further, in the step (3), within 30 days after cuttage, watering is respectively carried out for 1 time in the morning and at the evening on a sunny day, watering is carried out for 1 time on a cloudy day, and watering is carried out every other day after 30 days.
Further, in step (7), step (6) is repeated three times, each time with an interval of about 15 minutes; it is sprayed 1 time every 7 days, 5 times in total.
Further, in the step (6), the spraying degree of each time is based on the condition that the leaf surfaces are wet and have water drops but do not fall; further, Na per disc2The spraying dosage of the S solution is about 1L.
Further, in the step (5), the Na2The concentration of the S solution is 50-150 mu mol/L.
Further, said Na2The concentration of the S solution was 100. mu. mol/L.
Further, in the step (5), Na is prepared2And the solution S adopts distilled water, ultrapure water or tap water dried for 2-3 days. Due to Na2S is a soluble substance, so that a cosolvent, a surfactant and the like are not required to be added.
In the present invention, Na2S·9H2O solids may also be replaced byOther H2Donors of S, other H2The donor of S comprises a series of sulfides such as NaHS, CaS and the like.
The cutting variety used in the invention is Su cha, Long leaf of Longjing tea, and su cha is a variety bred by single breeding and system breeding from Fuding Dabai tea (Fujian introduction) garden planted in 1986 by Nanjing agriculture university, Liyang city Li home with new tea field, Liyang Tianmu lake tea research institute and Liyang city agriculture and forestry bureau, and is determined by provincial improved variety. "Su cha zao" refers to the species of the very early plant, bush type, and medium leaf. The tree has half-open tree posture, low branch part and medium density, and leaves are horizontally or obliquely planted; the leaf quality is hard; the spring tea has dark green tea with one bud and two leaves; the fuzz is less; the young shoots are strong in growth potential, strong in tenderness, cold resistance and drought resistance, and suitable for wide planting in the southern Suzhou tea area (Wan Nu et al, 2008; Jiashang Zhi et al, 2011). The Sucha has the characteristics of strong rooting capability in cuttage, developed root system, fast seedling formation, strong resistance and the like, and has the characteristic of excellent cutting. The longjing long leaf is bred from the longjing group by adopting a single plant breeding method in 1960-1987 by the tea research institute of Chinese academy of agricultural sciences. Approved by the national Committee for the examination and determination of crop varieties in 1994, No. GS 13008-1994. The longjing leaves are medium in plants, the tree posture is upright, and the branches are dense. The leaves are horizontally grown, are oblong, green in leaf color, slightly bulged on leaf surfaces, flat in leaf body, wavy at leaf edges, gradually blunt and sharp at leaf tips, fine in leaf teeth and moderate in leaf quality. The bud leaves have strong fertility, strong tenderness, light green color, and moderate fuzz, and are suitable for preparing green tea. Strong cold resistance and drought resistance, strong adaptability, strong cuttage propagation capacity and high transplanting survival rate. Therefore, the invention takes the tea varieties of Sucha, Longjing longye and the like as materials, screens suitable tea tree cuttings, accelerates the propagation speed of improved varieties of different varieties through a cutting technology, improves the resistance of the tea trees, accelerates the improvement pace of the tea varieties and increases the benefit of tea enterprises.
H2S as a signal molecule participates in various physiological processes of plants (such as seed germination, morphogenesis, stomatal movement and photosynthesis), and can also enhance the response reaction of the plants to biotic stress and abiotic stress (such as drought, salt damage and high abiotic stress)Warm, freezing and fungus) to improve the stress resistance and play an important role in the growth and development process of the tea trees. The invention selects suitable H2And the concentration of S is increased, and the growth and development speed of the root buds of different varieties of tea trees is accelerated by a cuttage technology, so that the stress resistance of improved varieties of asexual tea trees is enhanced, and the outplanting rate is improved.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
(1) na used in the method2S is H2Donor of S, application of Na2S can generate H2S is used to promote the photosynthesis of plant and the growth of tender branch.
(2) The method can be applied to tea gardens in other areas and tea trees of other varieties, so that the growth speed of new roots of all the tea trees in the tea garden is accelerated, the management time of the tea garden can be shortened, and the fine variety breeding speed is increased. The method has very important significance for solving the problem of the breeding speed of improved varieties in the tea garden of China, shortening the promotion period of the improved varieties, reducing the production cost, improving the product quality and the market competitiveness and promoting the rapid development of the tea industry.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the growth of tea trees;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the growth of tea plants.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
Example 1
The invention provides an efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating growth of tea seedlings, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing cutting slips: selecting a strong branch of Sucha (or longjing long leaves) in 10-11 months, cutting the strong branch into a short spike which is about 5cm long and comprises one leaf and one axillary bud, taking the short spike as a cutting, then soaking the cutting into 800 times of carbendazim solution for 2 minutes, taking out the cutting, dipping rooting water (8g of rooting powder is dissolved in 160g of water), and transferring to the step 2;
step 2, cuttage: inserting the cutting shoots dipped with rooting water into a plug tray containing a cutting matrix (peat: vermiculite: perlite: 3:1:1), and watering after cutting to enable the water content of the cutting matrix to be 90%; turning to the step 3;
step 3, comprehensive management after cuttage: watering 1 time in the morning and evening in sunny days, 1 time in cloudy days, and watering every other day after 30 days; turning to the step 4;
step 4, selecting spraying time: the Sucha early and Longjing long leaf cutting seedlings obtained in the step 3 are in the active period of physiological growth, namely when the root system and the bud leaves start to grow; turning to step 5;
step 5, preparing Na2S solution: 0.048g of Na2S·9H2The O solid was dissolved in 2L of water to prepare Na with a concentration of 100. mu. mol/L2S·9H2O solution; turning to step 6;
step 6, spraying Na2S solution: using a spray can, adjusting the water outlet into mist spray, and mixing the Na obtained in the step 52S·9H2The O solution is uniformly sprayed on the leaves of the cutting seedlings, and Na of each plug tray2S·9H2The spraying dosage of the O solution is about 1L, and the spraying degree of each time is based on that the leaf surface is wet and has water drops but does not fall; turning to step 7;
step 7, repeating the step 6 three times, wherein each time interval is about fifteen minutes; spraying for 5 times every 7 days; turning to step 8;
step 8, comprehensive management after spraying: and (5) no watering is carried out within 6 hours after spraying, and then the management is carried out conventionally.
Example 2
The only difference from example 1 is that in step 5, Na is added2S·9H2O is replaced by NaHS, and NaHS solution with NaHS concentration of 100 mu mol/L is prepared.
Example 3
The only difference from example 1 is that in step 5, Na is added2S·9H2Replacing O with CaS to prepare a CaS solution with the CaS concentration of 100 mu mol/L.
Comparative example 1
The only difference from example 1 is that Na2S·9H2The O concentration was 0. mu. mol/L.
Comparative example 2
The only difference from example 1 is that Na2S·9H2The O concentration was 200. mu. mol/L.
Comparative example 3
The only difference from example 1 is that in step 1, robust shoots of Sucha early and Longjing long leaves were selected in 10-11 months and cut into short shoots approximately 7cm long containing two leaves and 2 axillary buds as cuttings.
Comparative example 4
The only difference from example 1 is that in step 7, step 6 is repeated three times with no space between each time; the liquid is sprayed 1 time every 7 days, and the total time is 7 times.
Comparative example 5
The only difference from example 1 is that in step 4, the spraying timing is at the beginning of the cutting, and the root system is not generated yet.
The method of example 1 and comparative examples 1-2 is adopted to treat the tea seedling cuttings, and the growth conditions are shown in figure 1 and figure 2. In the figure 1 and the figure 2, 0 mu mol/L, 100 mu mol/L and 200 mu mol/L Na are sequentially arranged from left to right2S·9H2The growth condition of longjing longleaf cutting seedlings treated by the O solution can be obviously shown to be 100 mu mol/L Na2S·9H2The height of the longleaf cutting seedling of the Longjing under the treatment of the O solution is the highest, and the height is 200 mu mol/L Na2S·9H2The growth vigor of the longleaf cutting seedlings of the Longjing under the treatment of the O solution is less than 0 mu mol/L Na2S·9H2And treating the longleaf cutting seedlings of the lower Longjing by using the O solution. As a result, 100. mu. mol/L of Na was obtained2S·9H2The O solution has obvious promotion effect on treating the cutting seedlings, and 200 mu mol/L Na2S·9H2The O solution treatment has an inhibiting effect on the cutting seedlings.
The indices of the cutting seedlings in the above examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4 were recorded, and the following table was obtained:
TABLE 1 survival rate of cutting seedlings by different treatments
As can be seen from table 1, the survival rate of the cuttings of the two tea varieties "longjing longye" and "sucha zao" treated in examples 1, 2 and 3 was significantly improved compared to comparative examples 1 and 2.
TABLE 2 plant height of cuttage seedlings treated differently
As can be seen from table 2, the plant heights of the cuttings of the two tea plant varieties "longjing longye" and "sucha zao" treated in examples 1, 2 and 3 were significantly higher than those of the comparative example treated group, compared to the comparative example, indicating that the elongation growth of the tea tree cuttings can be promoted using the example treatment method.
TABLE 3 treatment of shoot lengths of cuttings
As can be seen from table 3, the shoot lengths of the cuttings of the two tea varieties "longjing longye" and "sucha zao" treated in the examples were significantly higher than those of the comparative example treatment group, compared to the other treatments, indicating that the use of the treatment methods of the examples can promote the elongation growth of the tea cuttings, mainly the growth of the shoot lengths of the tea trees, thereby promoting the physiological growth of the tea trees.
TABLE 4 MDA content of cuttage seedlings treated differently
As can be seen from Table 4, the MDA content of the cuttings of the two tea varieties "longjing longye" and "sucha zao" treated in the examples was significantly lower than 200. mu. mol/L Na compared to the other treatments2S·9H2O treatment group, indicating the use of too high a concentration of Na2S·9H2O treatment causes peroxidation of tea tree membrane lipid, i.e. excessive concentration of Na2S·9H2The O treatment can generate stress effect on the tea trees.
In conclusion, the cuttage survival rate, the plant height and the shoot length are 100 mu mol/LNa or the MDA content is considered2S·9H2Compared with the rest of treatments, the O treatment group has obvious advantages, and shows high cuttage survival rate, high plant height, long twig length and strong stress resistance; at 100. mu. mol/L Na2S·9H2The O treatment of the tea trees can save cost, promote the shortening of the propagation time of improved varieties, accelerate the construction of tea gardens and enhance the resistance of the tea trees. It can be seen that 100. mu. mol/LNa was used2S·9H2O treatment is an effective method for rapidly propagating improved varieties of tea trees. Therefore, the method for quickly propagating the tea seedlings with high quality has very important significance for solving the problem of the breeding speed of improved varieties in the tea garden of China, shortening the popularization period of the improved varieties, reducing the production cost, improving the product quality and the market competitiveness and promoting the quick development of the tea industry.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating the growth of tea seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing cutting slips: selecting strong branches of Sucha or Longjing long leaves in 10-11 months, cutting into short spikes as cutting slips, soaking the cutting slips into carbendazim solution, taking out, and dipping in rooting water;
(2) cuttage: inserting the cutting shoots dipped with rooting water into a plug tray containing a cutting matrix, and watering after cutting;
(3) performing comprehensive management after cuttage;
(4) selecting a spraying opportunity: the Sucha early and Longjing longleaf cutting seedlings obtained in the step (3) are in the active period of physiological growth, namely when the root system and the bud leaves start to grow;
(5) preparation of Na2S solution: mixing Na2S·9H2O solidDissolving in water to obtain Na2S solution;
(6) spraying Na2S solution: using a spray can, adjusting the water outlet into mist spray, and mixing the Na obtained in the step (5)2S, uniformly spraying the solution on the leaves of the cutting seedlings;
(7) repeating the step (6) three times;
(8) and (3) comprehensive management after spraying: and (5) no watering is carried out within 6 hours after spraying, and then the management is carried out conventionally.
2. The efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating the growth of tea seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the short spike is about 5cm long and comprises one leaf and one axillary bud.
3. The efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating the growth of tea seedlings as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the rooting water is dissolved in 200g of water per 8g of rooting powder.
4. The efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating the growth of tea seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the cutting medium comprises turf, vermiculite and perlite in a mass ratio of 3:1: 1.
5. The efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating the growth of tea seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (2), watering is carried out after cuttage so that the water content of the cuttage matrix is 90%.
6. The efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating the growth of tea seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (3), within 30 days after cuttage, watering is respectively carried out for 1 time in the morning and at the evening on a sunny day, for 1 time on a cloudy day, and for every other day after 30 days.
7. The efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating the growth of tea seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (7), the step (6) is repeated three times, each time with an interval of about 15 minutes; it is sprayed 1 time every 7 days, 5 times in total.
8. The efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating the growth of tea seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the Na is2The concentration of the S solution is 50-150 mu mol/L.
9. The efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating the growth of tea seedlings according to claim 8, wherein the Na is2The concentration of the S solution was 100. mu. mol/L.
10. The efficient rapid propagation method for accelerating the growth of tea seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (5), Na is prepared2And the solution S adopts distilled water, ultrapure water or tap water dried for 2-3 days.
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