CN110521329B

CN110521329B - Method for rapidly germinating white flower dragon seeds

Info

Publication number: CN110521329B
Application number: CN201910991837.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 童丽丽; 许晓岗
Original assignee: Jinling Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Jinling Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2019-10-18
Filing date: 2019-10-18
Publication date: 2021-12-28
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-18
Also published as: CN110521329A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for rapidly germinating white flowering dragon seeds, which comprises the following steps: (1) screening the white flower dragon seeds to remove the unsaturated seeds to obtain the saturated seeds; (2) putting the obtained plump seeds on moist non-woven fabrics, putting the non-woven fabrics in a culture dish, and then putting the culture dish in a temperature changing box for temperature changing treatment; (3) after temperature change treatment, taking out the seeds, and standing at room temperature for 3-5 weeks to allow the seeds to swell and germinate; (4) and (3) paving the yellow sand in a box with holes, putting the seeds obtained in the step (3) in the yellow sand, watering until the yellow sand is thoroughly wetted, and further germinating. The method adopts the physical methods of seed soaking, variable temperature treatment and wet low-temperature sand storage to treat the white flower dragon seeds, is simple and practical, can greatly improve the germination rate of the seeds to 95 percent, and meets the requirements of garden production; the survival rate of annual seedlings is high and can reach about 75-80%, and the growth vigor is good.

Description

Method for rapidly germinating white flower dragon seeds

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant planting, and particularly relates to a method for rapidly germinating white flowering dragon seeds.

Background

Cleomis (Styrax faberi) is shrub of Styracaceae, and is distributed in Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Hubei, etc. White flowers bloom in spring and summer, cluster on the tops of branches, flower fragrance, red autumn leaves, seed oil can be used for preparing soap and lubricating oil, the roots can be used for treating epigastric pain, the leaves can be used for stopping bleeding, promoting tissue regeneration and reducing swelling, the woody plant integrates appreciation and medicine and has a great development prospect, and the woody plant is an important plant carrier of jasmine culture in China. The seeds of the Cleomis brevicornus are stubborn seeds although not large, have strong dormancy, have low natural germination rate under the forest and cannot meet the requirements of gardens on the seedlings. Therefore, the research on how to improve the germination rate of the white flower dragon seeds is urgent.

In the prior art, the propagation research of the baihualong is mainly asexual cuttage propagation^[1][2]Wuyongqing et al discuss in vitro rapid propagation condition screening of ornamental plant Ardisia gigas^[3]Taking the excised or embryo-carrying white flower dragon seeds as explants and MS as a basic culture medium, and adding GA3 with different concentrations for aseptic germination; the test results show that the cotyledon of the white flower dragon seeds with the endosperm begins to brown after the seeds germinate for 15 days under the condition of adding different concentrations of GA3, and finally all seeds die; the white flowering dragon seeds with excised endosperm can germinate under the hormone-free condition, but the germination rate in MS +2.0mg/L GA3 culture medium is the highest and reaches 97.5 percent. Although the in vitro rapid propagation test methods have high germination rate, the requirements on operation conditions are too high for common farmers, and tissue culture room equipment is requiredBecause of the inoperability, the tissue culture seedlings need to be acclimatized, and the survival rate and the growth condition of the seedlings are generally not strong enough for seed propagation, the research on the propagation method of the seeds of the Clivia japonica, which is simple and easy to implement, low in cost and high in germination rate, is urgent.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for rapidly germinating white flowering dragon seeds aiming at the defects of the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses a method for rapidly germinating white dragon seeds, which comprises the following steps:

(1) screening the white flower dragon seeds to remove the unsaturated seeds to obtain the saturated seeds;

(2) putting the plump seeds obtained in the step (1) on moist non-woven fabrics, putting the non-woven fabrics into a culture dish, covering a cover of the culture dish, and then putting the culture dish into a temperature-changing box for temperature-changing treatment;

(3) after the temperature change treatment in the step (2), taking out the culture dish, removing the non-woven fabric, taking out the seeds, placing the seeds in the culture dish, and placing the seeds at room temperature for 3-5 weeks to allow the seeds to swell and germinate;

(4) and (3) paving the yellow sand in a box with holes, arranging the seeds obtained in the step (3) in the yellow sand, watering until the yellow sand is thoroughly wetted, covering a cover of the box, and further germinating for 2-10 weeks.

In the step (1), the white flower dragon seeds are collected in a cow leather bag and placed for one month after being picked from white flower dragon seedlings every October.

Wherein the Cleomis japonica seedling is a Cleomis japonica seedling which grows for two or more years; the cow leather bag is provided with 1 hole; the environment condition of the placement is a cool, dry and ventilated place at normal temperature.

Wherein the size of the holes is preferably 0.0314-0.1256 cm²More preferably 0.0314cm²To prevent seeds from being spilled when the diameter of the hole is too large. The holes are used for ventilation, the diameter is too small, the ventilation performance is not good, but the diameter cannot exceed 4mm, otherwise, seeds can be sprinkledFall out and reduce the moisture content of the seeds.

In the step (1), the screening method comprises the steps of immersing the cleome gynura seeds in tap water at normal temperature, floating some hollow or unsaturated seeds, taking the seeds out and putting the seeds aside, and removing the floating seeds to obtain the full seeds.

In the step (2), the non-woven fabric is preferably two layers of non-woven fabrics.

In the step (2), the temperature-changing treatment is carried out under the conditions that the temperature is 20-26 ℃ in the daytime, the illumination is carried out for 12 hours at 1800-2500 Lux, and no illumination is carried out for 12 hours at 8-14 ℃ at night; the time of the temperature change treatment is 3-5 weeks.

Wherein, the temperature-changing treatment condition is preferably 25 ℃ in the daytime, the illumination is carried out for 12h by 2000Lux, and no illumination is carried out for 12h at 12 ℃ at night; the time period for the temperature-changing treatment is preferably 4 weeks.

In the step (2), checking the seeds in the culture dish every other week in the temperature-changing treatment process, cleaning the seeds if the seeds are sticky, and then putting the seeds back into the culture dish to continue the temperature-changing treatment; if the tendency of the non-woven fabric to become dry is found, indicating that the seeds are not sufficiently moist, water needs to be added to the petri dish to keep the seeds in a moist state throughout the process.

In the step (3), if the seeds are not moist enough, adding water into the culture dish to ensure that the seeds are kept in a moist state in the whole process; the time period of standing at room temperature is preferably 4 weeks, under which the germination rate reaches 10.48%.

In the step (4), the box is a foam box of 60cm × 40cm × 30 cm; the bottom and the cover of the foam box are provided with four holes which are uniformly distributed; the holes are circles with the diameter of 2 cm.

Wherein, the holes on the bottom of the box are covered with clean magnolia grandiflora fallen leaves, and yellow sand with the thickness of 20cm is paved. The cultivation region of the evergreen plant southern magnolia is wide, leaves are easy to obtain, the area of the leaves is large, the leaves can cover holes of the foam box, and the leaves are leather and not easy to rot. Importantly, the leaves of southern magnolia have better bacteriostatic action^[4]The substrate yellow sand and the seeds of the plumbago virgata can keep a clean environment and cannot mildew.

Wherein the seeds are uniformly arranged in the yellow sand, and the distance between every two seeds is 0.7-1.5 cm, preferably 1 cm.

In the step (4), the temperature during further germination is 6-7 ℃ above zero in the daytime, and the lowest temperature is 2 ℃ below zero at night; after the treatment of the step (4), the germination rate reaches 95 percent.

In the step (4), the yellow sand has good water permeability, and meanwhile, the water retention property of the yellow sand is also good under the relatively sealed condition. While other soils lack this advantage. The high germination rate of the seeds is in a corresponding relation with the storage of the yellow sand, and the storage of the seeds by the wet sand at low temperature is favorable for further breaking the dormancy of the seeds and is favorable for the germination of the seeds.

The method adopts the physical methods of seed soaking, variable temperature treatment and wet low-temperature sand storage to treat the seeds with high vitality of the Cleomis japonica for two years or more, is simple and practical, can greatly improve the germination rate of the seeds to 95 percent, and meets the requirements of garden production; the survival rate of annual seedlings is high and can reach about 75-80%, and the growth vigor is good. The physical methods simulate the living environment of the cleome brevifolius in the natural habitat, simulate the change of the air temperature of the original place of the cleome brevifolius, and the matrix yellow sand plays a certain vernalization role in the seeds, thereby effectively removing the recalcitrance of the seeds and breaking the dormancy of the seeds. The southern magnolia leaves can effectively inhibit bacteria and play a role in purifying the yellow sand matrix. In addition, germination of seeds requires water to activate the relevant enzymes, decompose stored organic matter, and undergo metabolism, so that germination occurs. Before the seeds germinate, the free water is relatively low, and a large amount of free water needs to be absorbed to accelerate the metabolism, so that the experiment keeps the seeds wet and the matrix clean and wet from beginning to end, and provides sufficient water for the germinated seeds.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the cleome flower is aromatic and almost has no plant diseases and insect pests, but the natural germination rate of the seeds of the cleome flower under the forest is very low. The research on the Clybia miniata by the team is about 5 years, and in the experiments in the past, the germination rate of the seeds of the Clybia miniata is always low and sometimes is less than 5% or lower. The method adopts the physical methods of seed soaking, variable temperature treatment and wet low-temperature sand storage to treat the seeds with high vitality of the Cleomis japonica for two years or more, is simple and practical, can greatly improve the germination rate of the seeds to 95 percent, and meets the requirements of garden production; the survival rate of annual seedlings is high and can reach about 75-80%, and the growth vigor is good.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a photograph of soaked seeds.

FIG. 2 is a photograph of partial seed germination after 8 weeks of variable temperature treatment.

FIG. 3 is a photograph of seed germination after 7 weeks of yellow sand treatment.

Fig. 4 is a picture of seed germination after 9 weeks of yellow sand treatment.

FIG. 5 shows a potted 1-year old plantlet.

Fig. 6 shows a 1-year-old plantlet transplanted into a nursery.

Detailed Description

The invention will be better understood from the following examples. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the description of the embodiments is only for illustrating the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention as detailed in the claims.

Example 1

(1) The method comprises the steps of picking seeds on healthy two-year-old seedlings of white dragon in the middle ten days of 10 months, sealing the seedlings with a kraft bag, punching 1 hole with the diameter of 2-4 mm (the diameter of the hole cannot exceed 4mm, otherwise, the seeds can spill out and the water content of the seeds can be reduced) on a paper bag by using a punching machine, and placing the paper bag for one month in a cool and dry ventilation place at normal temperature.

(2) One month later, the seeds were poured out of the bag and screened. Immersing the seeds in normal-temperature tap water, wherein the water is required to submerge the seeds, then some hollow or unsaturated seeds can float, and the seeds are fished and put aside, and the full seeds are left, as shown in figure 1.

(3) Uniformly placing the seeds on the wet double-layer non-woven fabric, placing the non-woven fabric into a culture dish, covering a cover of the culture dish, and placing the culture dish into a temperature-changing box. The temperature of the temperature-changing box is as follows: 12 hours at 25 ℃ in the daytime, the illumination is 2000Lux, and 12 hours at 12 ℃ at night without illumination.

(4) The seeds in the dishes were checked periodically every week, keeping the seeds moist. The sticky seeds should be washed in clear water and returned to the culture dish. The temperature swing treatment lasted 4 weeks.

(5) Taking out the seeds from the temperature-changing box, removing the non-woven fabrics, and directly putting the seeds into a culture dish, wherein the seeds need to be kept wet. The seeds were left at normal room temperature for 4 weeks, during which time the seeds were kept sufficiently moist. During which a small part of the seed coat begins to burst. 26 of 248 seeds in the culture dish germinate, and the germination rate reaches 10.48 percent, which is shown in figure 2.

(6) And (3) finding a foam box with the size of 60 x 40 x 30cm, uniformly punching four holes on the bottom and the cover of the foam box, wherein the size of each hole is 2cm in diameter. The fallen leaves of a plurality of southern magnolia leaves are found to cover the hole at the bottom of the foam box, yellow sand with the thickness of 20cm is paved, and the seeds are evenly arranged in the yellow sand, and the distance between every two seeds is about 1 cm. After the seeds are arranged, sand is poured through water, and then the cover of the foam box is covered.

(7) The germination condition of the seeds is observed every two weeks, and the germination rate of the seeds reaches a high value which is close to 60 percent when the seeds are placed for 7 weeks. At the moment, the average temperature is 6-7 ℃ above zero in the daytime, and the lowest temperature is about 2 ℃ below zero in the nighttime. See fig. 3.

(8) With increasing temperature, the germination rate of the seeds reaches more than 95% in the following 2 weeks, as shown in fig. 4.

(9) The survival rate of the seedlings is high and can reach about 75-80%, the seedlings grow well, the height of the annual seedlings in a container can reach 60cm at most, and the ground diameter is 0.2cm (see figure 5); the underground growth can reach up to 80cm, and the ground diameter is 0.4cm (see figure 6).

Comparative example 1

The cleome flower is aromatic and almost has no plant diseases and insect pests, but the natural germination rate of the seeds of the cleome flower under the forest is very low. The group researches the plumbago virescens for about 5 years, in the experiments in the past, different chemical methods are adopted, namely gibberellin and salicylic acid with different concentrations are used for treating seeds in different treatment times, and the seeds which are not treated are compared, so that the germination rate of the seeds is extremely low and is less than 5% or lower, and the fact that the exogenous hormones do not have great promotion effect on the germination of the seeds is proved.

The seeds are promoted to germinate by adopting the constant temperature in the temperature changing box, and the set night temperature is the same as the day temperature, so the evaporation capacity of the seeds is increased, the seeds are particularly easy to dry, and the seeds begin to dry and die after two weeks. On the other hand, in the case of seeds which were not treated at ordinary temperature, substances inhibiting germination of seeds in vivo could not be decomposed without these temperature-changing treatments, and thus the germination rate was very low and did not exceed 5% of the prior art (Table 1).

Only the seeds stacked in the outdoor soil have a relatively high germination rate of about 15% in the next year after a long winter due to vernalization, but the germination time is about one month later than that of the example 1, and is generally about 3 months to 4 months later.

As shown above, the physical method of seed soaking, temperature change treatment (intermittent illumination) and moist low-temperature sand storage is adopted to simulate the living environment of the cleome brevifolia in a natural habitat and simulate the change of the air temperature of the original place of the cleome brevifolia, and the matrix yellow sand plays a vernalization role in the seeds, so that the recalcitrance of the seeds is effectively relieved, and the dormancy of the seeds is broken; the southern magnolia leaves can effectively inhibit bacteria and play a role in purifying the yellow sand matrix. Germination of seeds requires water to activate relevant enzymes, decompose stored organic matters, and carry out metabolism, so that the seeds can germinate. Before the seeds germinate, the free water is relatively low, and a large amount of free water needs to be absorbed to accelerate the metabolism, so that the experiment keeps the seeds wet and the matrix clean and wet from beginning to end, and provides sufficient water for the germinated seeds.

TABLE 1 seed germination (%)

(Note: from the fourth week onwards, the treated seeds were transferred to room temperature for seed germination experiments, not in a temperature-variable box.)

[1] Wuyongqing, Huangjiaqi, Huxiu, etc. Studies on Cleomis cutting propagation [ J ] proceedings of the agricultural engineering college of Micay, 2018,31(4):30-34.

[2] Influence of exogenous hormones on rooting of spiderflower cuttings [ J ] resource development and market, 2011(6) 496 + 497.

[3] Wuyongqing, Huxiu, Lianghanzhi, etc. screening in vitro rapid propagation conditions of ornamental plant Baihualong [ J ] southern agricultural science, 2018,49(3): 536-one 542.

[4] Doubenming, Murray, Machilus thunbergii, etc. analysis of chemical components of Microcystis aeruginosa inhibiting substances in southern magnolia leaf leaching liquor [ J ] environmental chemistry, 2011,30(07): 1253-.

The invention provides a thought and a method for a rapid germination method of a white dragon seed, and a plurality of methods and ways for realizing the technical scheme are provided, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the invention, and the improvements and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the invention. All the components not specified in the present embodiment can be realized by the prior art.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly germinating white flowering dragon seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(2) putting the plump seeds obtained in the step (1) on moist non-woven fabrics, putting the non-woven fabrics in a culture dish, and then putting the culture dish in a temperature-changing box for temperature-changing treatment;

(3) after the temperature change treatment in the step (2), taking out the seeds, and standing at room temperature for 3-5 weeks to allow the seeds to expand and crack and germinate;

(4) spreading yellow sand in a box with holes, putting the seeds obtained in the step (3) in the yellow sand, watering until the yellow sand is thoroughly wetted, and further germinating;

in the step (1), the screening method comprises the steps of immersing the white flowered glory seeds in water, and removing floating seeds to obtain full seeds;

in the step (1), the white flower dragon seeds are collected in a cow leather bag and placed for one month after being picked from white flower dragon seedlings every October; wherein the Cleomis japonica seedling is a Cleomis japonica seedling which grows for two or more years; the cow leather bag is provided with 1 hole; the environment condition of placing is a cool, dry and ventilated place at normal temperature; wherein the holes are holes with the diameter of 2-4 mm;

in the step (2), the temperature-changing treatment is carried out under the conditions that the temperature is 20-26 ℃ in the daytime, the illumination is carried out for 12 hours at 1800-2500 Lux, and no illumination is carried out for 12 hours at 8-14 ℃ at night; the time of the temperature change treatment is 3-5 weeks;

in the step (2), the seeds in the culture dish are periodically checked in the temperature-changing treatment process, and if the seeds become sticky, the seeds are cleaned and then are placed back to the culture dish for temperature-changing treatment; if the non-woven fabric tends to become dry, indicating that the seeds are not wet enough, adding water into the culture dish to keep the seeds in a wet state in the whole process;

in the step (3), if the seeds are not moist enough, adding water into the culture dish to ensure that the seeds are kept in a moist state in the whole process;

in the step (4), the box is a foam box of 60cm × 40cm × 30 cm; the bottom and the cover of the foam box are provided with four holes; the holes are circles with the diameter of 2 cm; wherein, the fallen leaves of southern magnolia are covered on the hole at the bottom of the box, and yellow sand with the thickness of 20cm is paved; wherein the seeds are uniformly arranged in the yellow sand, and the distance between every two seeds is 0.7-1.5 cm.