CN110214662A - Make ginger cultural method between a kind of flue-cured tobacco - Google Patents
Make ginger cultural method between a kind of flue-cured tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN110214662A CN110214662A CN201910686519.2A CN201910686519A CN110214662A CN 110214662 A CN110214662 A CN 110214662A CN 201910686519 A CN201910686519 A CN 201910686519A CN 110214662 A CN110214662 A CN 110214662A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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Abstract
The present invention makees ginger cultural method between providing a kind of flue-cured tobacco, it is related to flue-cured tobacco cultivation technical field, after including the following steps: that the Bordeaux mixture of ginger kind 1:15:120 impregnates 20min, dries 2-3d, with sand bed vernalization, the transplanting when ginger bud grows 1cm or fibrous root grows 3-4cm;Flue-cured tobacco floating plate floating seedlings, the transplanting of 6-7 piece true leaf;Flue-cured tobacco and ginger were planted before the Beginning of summer after Clear and Bright simultaneously, and flue-cured tobacco Ginger Intercropping band ratio is 2:1, flue-cured tobacco ridge line-spacing 1.1-1.2m, made ridge line-spacing 1.5-1.6m;Flue-cured tobacco row fertilising ridging overlay film, flue-cured tobacco cave plant, uniline, spacing in the rows 55-60cm;Between make the ginger furrow that 40-45cm wide, 25-30cm high are after the fertilising of ridge, open deep 15cm kind planting ditch, ginger flat pendulum earthing, duplicate rows, spacing in the rows 25-30cm, line-spacing 35-40cm on furrow.The present invention, which has, improves tobacco field unit area economic benefit, improves tobacco field utilization rate of fertilizer, the beneficial effect increased farmers' income.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flue-cured tobacco cultivation technical field, make ginger cultural method between specifically a kind of flue-cured tobacco.
Background technique
Currently, China's cured tobacco production technology has reached its maturity, the space that unit tobacco field area yield and quality is promoted is limited, restricts
The promotion of tobacco grower's economic benefit.The interplanting technique agronomic culture technology more universal as one, can be more efficient utilize are native
Ground, luminous energy, thermal energy, fertilizer etc. improve unit area land output benefit, are the effective ways for improving farmers' income.
Ginger is the fresh rhizome of Zingiber herbaceos perennial ginger, alias race, Bailayun, another name for ginger, because ground it is pungent.As one kind
Public flavouring and chinese medicine material, the huge market demand plant ginger economic value with higher.Ginger likes warm and moist
Weather, can not resist cold, be afraid of moist, strong light direct beam is afraid of, in the plantation extensively of Central China, south.So far have no both at home and abroad flue-cured tobacco with
The report of Ginger Intercropping.Therefore, seeking suitable flue-cured tobacco Ginger Intercropping cultural method is tobacco field unit area economic benefit, is improved
Tobacco field utilization rate of fertilizer, the effective technology increased farmers' income.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides ginger cultural method is made between a kind of flue-cured tobacco, solves tobacco field fertilizer utilization in the prior art and do not fill
Point, unit area the technical issues of the economic benefit is not high.
The present invention is implemented as follows: the following steps are included:
(1) nursery
Ginger kind Bordeaux mixture soaking disinfection, sunning after budding, ginger kind are divided into 1-2 ginger bud with sand bed vernalization
Microspecies block is transplanted;
Flue-cured tobacco uses floating plate floating seedlings;
(2) it applies fertilizer
Plough deeply winter a heatable brick bed, site preparation, fertilising, flue-cured tobacco ridge carries out row replacement, makees ridge row and is spread fertilizer over the fields;Apply organic-inorganic in flue-cured tobacco ridge
Complex fertilizer makees ridge application biological organic fertilizer;
(3) ridging does furrow
Make 1 furrow ginger between 2 row flue-cured tobaccos, flue-cured tobacco ridge line-spacing 1.1-1.2m, overlay film after ridging;Between make ridge line-spacing 1.5-1.6m,
Between make to do furrow between ridge, for planting ginger, ginger furrow wide 40-45cm, high 25-30cm;
(4) it transplants
Flue-cured tobacco and ginger were planted after Clear and Bright before the Beginning of summer, flue-cured tobacco 6-7 piece true leaf carries out uniline transplanting, spacing in the rows 55-60cm;It is raw
Ginger furrow play duplicate rows depth 15cm kind planting ditch, and the ginger microspecies block that step (1) obtains is put into kind of a planting ditch by the consistent flat pendulum in ginger bud direction
Interior, spacing in the rows 25-30cm, line-spacing 35-40cm cover 5cm fine earth, sprinkle profoundly water;
(5) field management
Flue-cured tobacco is managed by local production technical standard;Ginger growth period combines intertillage, weeding, ridging to be chased after
Fertilizer, carries out irrigation and drainage according to weather condition and different growing stages by 20-25kg/ mus of potassium application;
(6) it harvests
Flue-cured tobacco adopt by local production technical standard roasting;In 10~December, when ginger cauline leaf is withered and yellow, harvesting is dug from the very first
Stem removes cauline leaf, fibrous root.
Embodiment as one preferred, the Bordeaux mixture concentration are 1:15:120.
Embodiment as one preferred, in step (1), Bordeaux mixture soaking time is 20min.
Embodiment as one preferred, the ginger kind sunning time is 2-3d in step (1).
Embodiment as one preferred, the long 1cm of ginger bud or the long 3-4cm time-division microspecies block of fibrous root in step (1).
Embodiment as one preferred, step (2) Fertilizer Application of Tobacco amount are 4-6kg/ mus of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen total content, wherein N:
P2O5: K2O=1:2:3.
Embodiment as one preferred, step (2) biological organic fertilizer amount of application are 250-300kg/ mus.
Embodiment as one preferred, step (4) flue-cured tobacco transplanting strain number are 830-870 plants/acre.
Embodiment as one preferred, in step (4), for the purpose of harvesting old ginger, ginger kind amount is 100-150kg/
Mu;For the purpose of harvest kind ginger, ginger kind amount is 260-400kg/ mus.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: ginger cultivation region and growth weather in China, south cigarette district tobacco leaf it is more consistent.
Carry out flue-cured tobacco and Ginger Intercropping, can be ginger sunshade using the tall and big plant type of flue-cured tobacco and roomy blade, it is comprehensive to improve tobacco field light, thermal energy
Utilization efficiency.Flue-cured tobacco and Ginger Intercropping mode are selected, fertilizers input can be saved to a certain extent, improve soil and fertilizer utilization
Rate consumes the unserviceable nutrient of tobacco leaf in tobacco field.It is arranged by seeding row spacing, guarantees that cigarette strain strain number at 850 plants or so per acre, is baked
Cigarette per mu yield is slightly reduced compared with single flue-cured tobacco.But 1.5-1.6m, field ventilation and penetrating light better effect, to cigarette are extended to as row spacing
The growth of leaf especially upper tobacco leaf hacking has certain promotion, and upper tobacco leaf quality can be improved, and first-class cigarette ratio increases
4% or more, flue-cured tobacco per mu yield value is impacted less, the basic guarantee economic benefit of unit area flue-cured tobacco;Under Intercropping, flue-cured tobacco
For ginger sunshade, the growth of ginger is promoted, while ginger can be mentioned using the fertilizer for being unable to fully utilize of tobacco field accumulation for many years
High tobacco field utilization rate of fertilizer and the efficiency of light energy utilization.Tobacco grower is while obtaining flue-cured tobacco income, moreover it is possible to obtain ginger income, unit
Area land comprehensive economic benefit increases 18-20% or more, realizes the target for increasing peasant income.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described.
Fig. 1 is to make schematic diagram between implementation 1 of the invention, flue-cured tobacco row spacing 1.1m in figure, makees ridge line-spacing 1.6m;Ginger furrow
Wide 45cm, high 30cm, ginger line-spacing 40cm;
Fig. 2 is to make schematic diagram between the embodiment of the present invention 2, flue-cured tobacco row spacing 1.2m in figure, makees ridge line-spacing 1.5m;Ginger
Furrow wide 40cm, high 25cm, ginger line-spacing 35cm;
Fig. 3 is to make schematic diagram between the embodiment of the present invention 3, flue-cured tobacco row spacing 1.2m in figure, makees ridge line-spacing 1.6m;Ginger
Furrow wide 45cm, high 25cm, ginger line-spacing 40cm.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely retouched below in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present invention and attached drawing
It states, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this hair
Embodiment in bright, every other implementation obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Make ginger cultural method between a kind of flue-cured tobacco, comprising the following steps:
(1) nursery
Ginger kind 1:15:120 Bordeaux mixture impregnates 20min disinfection, after drying 2-3d, with sand bed vernalization, when ginger bud is grown
When 1cm or fibrous root grow 3-4cm, kind of ginger is divided into the microspecies block with 1-2 ginger bud and is transplanted;Flue-cured tobacco uses floating plate floating seedlings.
(2) it applies fertilizer
Plough deeply winter a heatable brick bed, site preparation, fertilising, flue-cured tobacco ridge carries out row replacement, makees ridge row and is spread fertilizer over the fields;Apply organic-inorganic in flue-cured tobacco ridge
Complex fertilizer, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen total content are 6kg/ mus, N:P2O5: K2O=1:2:3;Between make ridge apply 300kg/ mus of biological organic fertilizers;
(3) ridging does furrow
Make 1 furrow ginger between 2 row flue-cured tobaccos, flue-cured tobacco ridge line-spacing 1.1m, overlay film after ridging;Between make ridge line-spacing 1.6m, make ridge it
Between do furrow, for planting ginger, ginger furrow wide 45cm, high 30cm;
(4) it transplants
Flue-cured tobacco and ginger were planted after Clear and Bright before the Beginning of summer, flue-cured tobacco 6-7 piece true leaf carries out uniline transplanting, spacing in the rows 60cm;Ginger furrow
Duplicate rows depth 15cm kind planting ditch is gone up, ginger microspecies block presses the consistent flat pendulum in ginger bud direction, and spacing in the rows 25cm, line-spacing 40cm cover after transplanting
5cm fine earth, for the present embodiment for the purpose of harvesting kind of ginger, ginger sowing quantity is 340kg/ mus.
(5) field management
Flue-cured tobacco is managed by local conventional practices;Ginger growth period combines 3 intertillages, weeding, ridging to carry out
Top dressing imposes 25kg/ mus of potash fertilizer every time.Carry out irrigation and drainage according to weather condition and different growing stages, mid-September, arid was poured in time
Water.
(6) it harvests
Flue-cured tobacco adopt by local production technical standard roasting;10-12 month, ginger cauline leaf harvest when withered and yellow, have dug rhizome,
Remove cauline leaf, fibrous root.
(7) economic well-being of workers and staff
The net earnings of tobacco field First Year single flue-cured tobacco is 3750 yuan/mu in the present embodiment, makees ginger between second year flue-cured tobacco
Net earnings is 4488 yuan/mu, and wherein flue-cured tobacco net earnings is 3608 yuan/mu, and ginger net earnings is 880 yuan/mu;Make ginger between flue-cured tobacco
Income compared with single flue-cured tobacco increases by 19.68%.
Embodiment 2
Make ginger cultural method between a kind of flue-cured tobacco, comprising the following steps:
(1) nursery
Ginger kind impregnates 20min disinfection with the Bordeaux mixture of 1:15:120, sand bed vernalization is used after drying 2-3d, when ginger bud is grown
Kind of ginger is divided into the microspecies block with 1-2 ginger bud when 1cm or fibrous root grow 3-4cm to transplant;Flue-cured tobacco uses floating plate floating seedlings.
(2) it applies fertilizer
Plough deeply winter a heatable brick bed, site preparation, fertilising, flue-cured tobacco ridge carries out row replacement, makees ridge row and is spread fertilizer over the fields;Apply organic-inorganic in flue-cured tobacco ridge
Complex fertilizer, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen total content are 5.5kg/ mus, N:P2O5: K2O=1:2:3;Between make ridge apply 300kg/ mus of biological organics
Fertilizer;
(3) ridging does furrow
Make 1 furrow ginger between 2 row flue-cured tobaccos, flue-cured tobacco ridge line-spacing 1.2m, overlay film after ridging;Between make ridge line-spacing 1.5m, make ridge it
Between do furrow, for planting ginger, ginger furrow wide 40cm, high 25cm;
(4) it transplants
Flue-cured tobacco and ginger were planted after Clear and Bright before the Beginning of summer, flue-cured tobacco 6-7 piece true leaf carries out uniline transplanting, spacing in the rows 55cm;Ginger furrow
Duplicate rows depth 15cm kind planting ditch is gone up, it is thin to cover 5cm by the consistent flat pendulum in ginger bud direction by ginger microspecies block spacing in the rows 30cm, line-spacing 35cm
Soil, for the present embodiment for the purpose of harvesting old ginger, ginger sowing quantity is 150kg/ mus.
(5) field management
Flue-cured tobacco is managed by local conventional practices;Ginger growth period combines 3 intertillages, weeding, ridging to carry out
Top dressing imposes 23kg/ mus of potash fertilizer every time.Carry out irrigation and drainage according to weather condition and different growing stages, mid-July, arid was poured in time
Water, ginger harvest preceding 1 month ditch cleaning draining.
(6) it harvests
Flue-cured tobacco adopt by local production technical standard roasting;10-12 month, ginger cauline leaf harvest when withered and yellow, have dug rhizome,
Remove cauline leaf, fibrous root.
(7) economic well-being of workers and staff
The net earnings of tobacco field First Year single flue-cured tobacco is 3548 yuan/mu in the present embodiment, makees ginger between second year flue-cured tobacco
Net earnings is 4187 yuan/mu, and wherein flue-cured tobacco net earnings is 3320 yuan/mu, and ginger net earnings is 867 yuan/mu;Make ginger between flue-cured tobacco
Income compared with single flue-cured tobacco increases by 18.01%.
Embodiment 3
Make ginger cultural method between a kind of flue-cured tobacco, comprising the following steps:
(1) nursery
Ginger kind impregnates 20min disinfection with the Bordeaux mixture of 1:15:120, sand bed vernalization is used after drying 2-3d, when ginger bud is grown
Kind of ginger is divided into the microspecies block with 1-2 ginger bud when 1cm or fibrous root grow 3-4cm to transplant;Flue-cured tobacco uses floating plate floating seedlings.
(2) it applies fertilizer
Plough deeply winter a heatable brick bed, site preparation, fertilising, flue-cured tobacco ridge carries out row replacement, makees ridge row and is spread fertilizer over the fields;Apply organic-inorganic in flue-cured tobacco ridge
Complex fertilizer, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen total content are 4kg/ mus, N:P2O5: K2O=1:2:3;Between make ridge apply 250kg/ mus of biological organic fertilizers;
(3) ridging does furrow
Make 1 furrow ginger between 2 row flue-cured tobaccos, flue-cured tobacco ridge line-spacing 1.2m, overlay film after ridging;Between make ridge line-spacing 1.6m, make ridge it
Between do furrow, for planting ginger, ginger furrow wide 45cm, high 25cm;
(4) it transplants
Flue-cured tobacco and ginger were planted after Clear and Bright before the Beginning of summer, flue-cured tobacco 6-7 piece true leaf carries out uniline transplanting, spacing in the rows 55cm;Ginger furrow
Duplicate rows depth 15cm kind planting ditch is gone up, ginger microspecies block presses the consistent flat pendulum in ginger bud direction, and spacing in the rows 25cm, line-spacing 40cm cover after transplanting
5cm fine earth, for the present embodiment for the purpose of harvesting kind of ginger, ginger sowing quantity is 350kg/ mus.
(5) field management
Flue-cured tobacco is managed by local conventional practices;Ginger growth period combines 3 intertillages, weeding, ridging to carry out
Top dressing imposes 20kg/ mus of potash fertilizer every time.Carry out irrigation and drainage according to weather condition and different growing stages, the dry spell in July continuously waters
3 days, timely ditch cleaning draining when mid-August, rainfall was big.
(6) it harvests
Flue-cured tobacco adopt by local production technical standard roasting;Ginger 10-12 month cauline leaf harvests when withered and yellow, has dug rhizome,
Remove cauline leaf, fibrous root.
(7) economic well-being of workers and staff
The net earnings of tobacco field First Year single flue-cured tobacco is 3655 yuan/mu in the present embodiment, makees ginger between second year flue-cured tobacco
Net earnings is 4388 yuan/mu, and wherein flue-cured tobacco net earnings is 3400 yuan/mu, and ginger net earnings is 988 yuan/mu;Make ginger between flue-cured tobacco
Income compared with single flue-cured tobacco increases by 20.05%.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: ginger cultivation region and growth weather in China, south cigarette district tobacco leaf it is more consistent.
Carry out flue-cured tobacco and Ginger Intercropping, can be ginger sunshade using the tall and big plant type of flue-cured tobacco and roomy blade, it is comprehensive to improve tobacco field light, thermal energy
Utilization efficiency.Flue-cured tobacco and Ginger Intercropping mode are selected, fertilizers input can be saved to a certain extent, improve soil and fertilizer utilization
Rate consumes the unserviceable nutrient of tobacco leaf in tobacco field.It is arranged by seeding row spacing, guarantees that cigarette strain strain number per acre at 850 plants or so, is baked
Cigarette per mu yield is slightly reduced compared with single flue-cured tobacco.But 1.5-1.6m, field ventilation and penetrating light better effect, to cigarette are extended to as row spacing
The growth of leaf especially upper tobacco leaf hacking has certain promotion, and upper tobacco leaf quality can be improved, and first-class cigarette ratio increases
4% or more, flue-cured tobacco per mu yield value is impacted less, the basic guarantee economic benefit of unit area flue-cured tobacco;Under Intercropping, flue-cured tobacco
For ginger sunshade, the growth of ginger is promoted, while ginger can be mentioned using the fertilizer for being unable to fully utilize of tobacco field accumulation for many years
High tobacco field utilization rate of fertilizer and the efficiency of light energy utilization.Tobacco grower is while obtaining flue-cured tobacco income, moreover it is possible to obtain ginger income, unit
Area land comprehensive economic benefit increases 18-20% or more, realizes the target for increasing peasant income.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. making ginger cultural method between a kind of flue-cured tobacco, which comprises the following steps:
(1) nursery
Ginger kind Bordeaux mixture soaking disinfection, sunning, with sand bed vernalization, after budding, is divided into the microspecies with 1-2 ginger bud for ginger kind
Block is transplanted;
Flue-cured tobacco uses floating plate floating seedlings;
(2) it applies fertilizer
Plough deeply winter a heatable brick bed, site preparation, fertilising, flue-cured tobacco ridge carries out row replacement, makees ridge row and is spread fertilizer over the fields;Apply organic-inorganic compound in flue-cured tobacco ridge
Fertilizer makees ridge application biological organic fertilizer;
(3) ridging does furrow
Make 1 furrow ginger between 2 row flue-cured tobaccos, flue-cured tobacco ridge line-spacing 1.1-1.2m, overlay film after ridging;Between make ridge line-spacing 1.5-1.6m, make
Furrow are done between ridge, for planting ginger, ginger furrow wide 40-45cm, high 25-30cm;
(4) it transplants
Flue-cured tobacco and ginger were planted after Clear and Bright before the Beginning of summer, flue-cured tobacco 6-7 piece true leaf carries out uniline transplanting, spacing in the rows 55-60cm;Ginger furrow
Duplicate rows depth 15cm kind planting ditch is played, the ginger microspecies block that step (1) obtains is put into kind of planting ditch by the consistent flat pendulum in ginger bud direction, strain
5cm fine earth is covered, is sprinkled profoundly water away from 25-30cm, line-spacing 35-40cm;
(5) field management
Flue-cured tobacco is managed by local production technical standard;Ginger growth period combines intertillage, weeding, ridging to carry out top dressing, applies
20-25kg/ mus of potash fertilizer, irrigation and drainage are carried out according to weather condition and different growing stages;
(6) it harvests
Flue-cured tobacco adopt by local production technical standard roasting;In 10-12 month, when ginger cauline leaf is withered and yellow, harvesting has been dug rhizome, has been gone
Fall cauline leaf, fibrous root.
2. making ginger cultural method between a kind of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Bordeaux mixture concentration
For 1:15:120.
3. making ginger cultural method between a kind of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), Bordeaux
Liquid soaking time is 20min.
4. making ginger cultural method between a kind of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, which is characterized in that ginger kind is dried in the air in step (1)
The solarization time is 2-3d.
5. making ginger cultural method between a kind of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, which is characterized in that ginger bud is long in step (1)
1cm or the long 3-4cm time-division microspecies block of fibrous root.
6. making ginger cultural method between a kind of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) Fertilizer Application of Tobacco
Amount is 4-6kg/ mus of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen total content, wherein N:P2O5: K2O=1:2:3.
7. making ginger cultural method between a kind of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) biological organic
Fertile amount of application is 250-300kg/ mus.
8. making ginger cultural method between a kind of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (4) flue-cured tobacco transplanting
Strain number is 830-870 plants/acre.
9. making ginger cultural method between a kind of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in step (4), with harvest
For the purpose of old ginger, ginger kind amount is 100-150kg/ mus;For the purpose of harvest kind ginger, ginger kind amount is 260-400kg/ mus.
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