CN110192488A - A set of efficient Synthetical prevention technology of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen - Google Patents
A set of efficient Synthetical prevention technology of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Download PDFInfo
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- CN110192488A CN110192488A CN201910508577.6A CN201910508577A CN110192488A CN 110192488 A CN110192488 A CN 110192488A CN 201910508577 A CN201910508577 A CN 201910508577A CN 110192488 A CN110192488 A CN 110192488A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses the efficient Synthetical prevention technologies of a set of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, are related to pest and disease damage prevention and control field, and in particular to Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Control Technology.The efficient Synthetical prevention technology of the Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, include following measures: (1) " five-step approach " quickly cleans sick tree；(2) net canopy is planted safe seedlings and reseeds；(3) " five critical periods " accurate efficiently prevention and control diaphorina citri is caught；(4) big region Unifying control and zonule " center head of a household's system " groupcontrol mechanism are established；(5) Chinese fir protection isolator is planted.The present invention can not only effectively control orchard Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen disease incidence, economic loss is directly reduced, improves orchard worker's income, while also can be reduced diaphorina citri pesticide control number and control cost, to reduce pesticide pollution of area source, there are significant economic, society and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pest and disease damage prevention and control fields, and in particular to Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Control Technology.
Background technique
Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen is the destruction in one kind systemic infection venereal disease as caused by Candidatus liberibacter evil and Orange Producing
Venereal disease evil.It is dead in 1-2 after earsh infection yellow twig, withered in bearing tree 3-5 or forfeiture bearing capacity.The disease is main
By diaphorina citri and seedling propagation in spite of illness, in the case that in field, sick tree and diaphorina citri are existed simultaneously, easily cause to flow greatly
Row.When disease is very popular, orchard will be caused to ruin garden in flakes.
So far, Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen is in more than 50 a countries and regions in Asia, Africa, Oceania, South America and North America
There is generation, significant damage is caused to world's Citrus Industry.It is spread rapidly after occurring such as SaoPaulo State,Brazil yellow twig in 2004,
There is 2/3 to fall ill in 9000000 mu of citruses, citrus fruit output and orange juice yield sharply decline；Fla. is due to 2005
The generation of year Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, citrus area reduce 42%, and yield reduces 68%.In China existing permanent calender occurs for Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen
History, 11 provinces (area) such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Jiangxi, Hunan, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hainan have at present
Yellow twig harm, is related to a citrus producing region county more than 250.Guangdong is the old lesion of China's yellow twig, and the age in last century 80-90 endangers ten
Divide wildness, more than 100 ten thousand mu of citrus orchards is caused to be ruined, the sprawling of the citruses such as Zhaoqing in recent years, Qingyuan City producing region yellow twig is caused harm
More serious, Orange Industry in Guangdong Province is every year because losing about 5,000,000,000 yuan caused by the disease.Ganzhou is since 2012 due to by warm
The climatic factors such as winter influence, and diaphorina citri is increased sharply, and Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen is also broken out therewith, and mandarin orange is removed in the accumulative generaI investigation of 2013-2018
48,000,000 plants of tangerine yellow twig sick tree causes heavy losses to part orchard worker, also to south jiangxi navel orange composition of industry significant threat.
Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen has the characteristics that fulminant is strong, development is swift and violent, it is big to cause harm, and is listed in the internal and external emphasis in China
Quarantine disease, and effective agent there is no to treat.Current most effective prevention and control measure is that China's long-term practice sums up " three plates
Axe " " cuts sick tree, anti-wood louse, the nontoxic seedling of kind ".But in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area, only it is difficult by " three broad axes " measure
Reach good control effect.Reason mainly has the following: first is that Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen has certain incubation period, or even have
Up to the several years, thus surgery orchard performance symptom sick tree after, still can have some hidden disease sick trees and be difficult to clean off in place；Second is that
Diaphorina citri has the characteristics that breeding amount is big, year generation is more from generation to generation, the service life is long, in spite of illness, quickly passes sick, field prevention and control difficulty all the life
It is larger；Third is that seedling supervision difficulty is larger, nursery, tune seedling phenomenon are universal privately by orchard worker, and nursery stock carries germ and accelerates disease biography
Broadcast sprawling；Fourth is that orchard worker is larger to the understanding and Control Technology level difference of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen harmfulness, prevention and control measure is difficult entirely
Face is implemented completely in time.Therefore, summarize explore a set of suitable yellow twig epidemic-stricken area efficient Synthetical prevention technology be very it is necessary to
's.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is on the basis of existing technology, integrated optimization is a set of " to clear up sick tree and kind nothing
Being planted safe seedlings based on sick seedling, with net canopy and reseeding disease-control Bao Yuan is key, to catch the efficient prevention and control mandarin orange of five key links
Tangerine wood louse is attached most importance to, is isolated into supplement, big region Unifying control and zonule ' center head of a household's system ' groupcontrol phase with kind of a Chinese fir
In conjunction with " the efficient Synthetical prevention technology of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, efficiently solve prevention and control difficulty in yellow twig Endemic Area is big, control effect not
Good problem.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a set of efficient Synthetical prevention technology of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen includes following measures:
(1) " five-step approach " quickly cleans sick tree；
(2) net canopy is planted safe seedlings and reseeds；
(3) " five critical periods " accurate efficiently prevention and control diaphorina citri is caught；
(4) big region Unifying control and zonule " center head of a household's system " groupcontrol mechanism are established；
(5) Chinese fir protection isolator is planted.
In the measure (1), " five-step approach " is a saw: it stays root and stem of certain plants 3-7 cm to saw and removes sick tree, two strokes: drawing " ten in butt section
Word ", three apply: butt section applies glyphosate, four packets: uses film bundling butt, five bury: butt blinding.
, be on the basis of sick tree generaI investigation cleaning to be carried out in normalization in the measure (1), emphasis catches autumn and winter (9-
December) cleaning sick tree is generally investigated, it must first spray before cleaning sick tree and kill diaphorina citri.
In the measure (2), the seedling used is necessary for disease-free seedlings.
In the measure (2), the galvanized pipe of 28 ~ 32 mm of diameter, 1.5 mm of thickness is used to build steelframe Arch Reticulated for main material
Canopy, frame rise 3.2 m, 1.8 ~ 2 m of shoulder height, 8 m of breadth, and 40 mesh fly net of outer cover is planted using net canopy and cultivates 1-2 greatly
Seedling is reseeded in month current year 9-10 (autumn) using seedlings, next year fruiting after clearing up sick tree.
In the measure (3), " five critical periods " is winter, early spring clear garden and summer shoot, autumn growth, the sprouting of Winter hardness tender shoots
Phase, wherein winter, early spring respectively prevent and treat 1 time, the tip phase in spring 1 time, and summer, autumn, late fall tender shoots germination period are respectively prevented and treated 2-3 times, whole year spray
It prevents and treats total 9-12 times.
In the measure (4), big region Unifying control: 1000 mu of area or more in flakes of region is concentrated in orchard, is passed through
The form of competitive bidding or service outsourcing determines profession prevention and treatment tissue, applies helicopter according to agreement by professional prevention and control tissue, plants
Protecting unmanned plane etc., efficiently plant protection instrument development Unifying control is prevented killing diaphorina citri.
In the measure (4), zonule " center head of a household's system " groupcontrol: in orchard relative distribution, 1000 mu it is below
Region, by village, base, it is near coal-mine as unit of, recommend 1 to have experience, understand that technology, conscientious and public spirit orchard worker are that citrus is yellow
Imperial disease prevention and control " the center head of a household ", the more press piece again of amount distinguish group, recommend group leader, and each group leader is responsible for a task until it is completed a few family fruits
Agriculture constructs the groupcontrol organizational structure of " the center head of a household-group leader-orchard worker ", establishes prevention and control wechat group, formulates Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen
Groupcontrol regulations or pact, orchard worker reaches a common understanding understanding in region, monthly periodically concentrates exchange 1 time, mutually inspection, mutually prison
It superintends and directs sick tree cleaning and diaphorina citri prevents and treats situation, critical period unified spray prevention and treatment diaphorina citri.
In the measure (5), orchard periphery using digging machine open trench basal dressing kind 2-3 row Chinese fir, using Chinese fir as prevent
Shield isolation, attaches the names of pre-determined candidates in conjunction with mountain top, builds ecological green belt.
Beneficial outcomes of the invention are: in the case that sick tree is more in yellow twig Endemic Area, utilizing " five-step approach " quickly clear
Sick tree is managed, the field infection sources can be reduced in time；It is reseeded after cleaning sick tree using net canopy temporary planting seedlings, effectively prevents seedling pumping
The tip is more, easy infection yellow twig risk；" five critical periods " efficiently accurate prevention and control diaphorina citri is caught, can be reduced pesticide control
It counts and improves diaphorina citri preventive effect；Big region Unifying control can reduce diaphorina citri population quantity on a large scale in a short time, small
Region " center head of a household's system " groupcontrol solves the problems, such as that sick tree cleaning and diaphorina citri prevention and control are difficult to uniformly implement completely；Plantation
Chinese fir protection isolator can reduce yellow twig and the diaphorina citri diffusive transport between garden.Therefore, citrus Huanglong of the present invention
Sick efficiently Synthetical prevention technology, can not only effectively control orchard Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen disease incidence, directly reduction economic loss, improve
Orchard worker's income, while also can be reduced diaphorina citri pesticide control number and control cost, to reduce pesticide pollution of area source, have
Significant economic, society and ecological benefits.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment is to carry out yellow twig prevention and control to the citrus orchard of Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province 1, which is located at the township Tai Wo, area, Nankang,
3 hm of the orchard gross area2(containing orchards facilities lands such as roads) is gentle slope hills hillside orchard, orchard establishment plantation in 2004, row strain
Away from the m of 5 m × 3, kind Niu Heer navel orange (trifoliate orange anvil), totally 1 860 plants, starting within 2010 discovery has Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen.Specifically
Preventing control method is as follows:
(1) " five-step approach " quickly cleans sick tree: on the basis of sick tree generaI investigation cleaning is carried out in normalization, emphasis catches autumn and winter
Sick tree is cleared up in (the 9-12 month) generaI investigation, clears up first spray killing diaphorina citri before sick tree, then (one saws: staying root and stem of certain plants 3-7 by " five-step approach "
Cm saw remove sick tree, two strokes: butt section draw " cross ", three apply: butt section apply glyphosate, four packet: use film bundling butt, five
Bury: butt blinding) specification handles sick tree butt, prevent disease branch disease bud from sprouting；
(2) net canopy is planted safe seedlings and reseeds: building in orchard and rises 3.2 m, 1.8 m of shoulder height, wide 8 m, long 20 m, outer cover
1, the steelframe Arch Reticulated canopy of 40 mesh fly nets is planted 420 plants of detoxification Niu Heer navel orange seedling；After removing sick tree, in the 9-10 month
(autumn) is reseeded using the seedlings for being planted 1-2 in net canopy, next year fruiting；
(3) it catches " five critical periods " accurate efficiently prevention and control diaphorina citri: catching winter, early spring clear garden and summer shoot, autumn growth, late fall
Tip tender shoots sprouts " five critical periods " using efficient pharmaceutical agent combinations accurate prevention and control diaphorina citri, and wherein winter, early spring respectively prevent and treat 1
Secondary, tip phase in spring 1 time, summer, autumn, late fall tender shoots germination period are respectively prevented and treated 2 times, whole year spray prevention and treatment totally 9 times；
(4) establish zonule " center head of a household's system " groupcontrol mechanism: by village, base, it is near coal-mine as unit of, recommend 1 have experience,
Understand that technology, conscientious and public spirit orchard worker are Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen prevention and control " the center head of a household ", then press piece distinguishes group, recommends small
Group leader, each group leader are responsible for a task until it is completed a few family orchard workers, construct the groupcontrol organizational structure of " the center head of a household-group leader-orchard worker ", establish
Prevention and control wechat group formulates Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen groupcontrol regulations or pact, and orchard worker reaches a common understanding understanding in region, monthly periodically collects
Middle exchange 1 time is patrolled mutually, sick tree of supervising mutually cleaning and diaphorina citri prevent and treat situation, critical period unified spray prevention and treatment mandarin orange
Tangerine wood louse；
(5) plant Chinese fir protection isolator: open 3 row Chinese fir of trench basal dressing kind using digging machine on orchard periphery, using Chinese fir as
Protection isolation, attaches the names of pre-determined candidates in conjunction with mountain top, builds ecological green belt.
Orchard Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen sick tree and orchard total output are adjusted in 2012-2018 continuous 7 years in the present embodiment
Statistics is looked into, and calculates orchard disease incidence and economic benefit.Investigation result is as follows:
(1) orchard incidence
The orchard diaphorina citri of autumn growth phase in 2011 obviously increases, and the state of an illness in 2012 starts obviously to aggravate, diseased plant rate 4.3%.2013
~ 2015 years are that south jiangxi Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen is broken out the phase, and orchard diseased plant rate in 2013 is up to 9.46%.Start within 2014 real according to the above method
The efficient Synthetical prevention of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen is applied, the orchard state of an illness is obviously controlled, and orchard disease incidence is remarkably decreased, total diseased plant in 2015
Rate is down to 3% hereinafter, total diseased plant rate in 2018 is further reduced to 0.54%, and the state of an illness is controlled, and orchard has been kept.See Table 1 for details:
A situation arises for 1 2012 ~ 2018 years orchard yellow twigs of table
(2) orchard total output and benefit
As can be seen from Table 2, compared with 2012 annual outputs, 2013 ~ 2015 years orchard yield falls are simultaneously little, every year on average
The underproduction 7.93%；Yield is caused to decline 21.62% because of climatic factor within 2016；Beginning yield increases instead within 2017, increases within 2017
Add 4.32%, increases by 12.43% within 2018.Since south jiangxi breaks out yellow twig within 2013, some orchards are ruined, south jiangxi navel orange area and
Yield is greatly decreased, and sales item price goes up therewith, and therefore, the orchard was in the case where yield is without declining to a great extent, from 2013 years
Start the output value and profit obviously increases instead, has kept orchard, kept benefit.See Table 2 for details:
2 2012 ~ 2018 years orchard yield of table and benefit
Above description is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, all same changes or modifications changes amplified out on the basis of the present invention, should belong to this hair
Bright covered the scope of the patents.
Claims (9)
1. a set of efficient Synthetical prevention technology of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, which is characterized in that include following measures:
(1) " five-step approach " quickly cleans sick tree；
(2) net canopy is planted safe seedlings and reseeds；
(3) " five critical periods " accurate efficiently prevention and control diaphorina citri is caught；
(4) big region Unifying control and zonule " center head of a household's system " groupcontrol mechanism are established；
(5) Chinese fir protection isolator is planted.
2. a set of efficient Synthetical prevention technology of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the measure
(1) in, " five-step approach " is a saw: staying root and stem of certain plants 3-7 cm saw except sick tree, two strokes: " cross " is drawn in butt section, and three apply: butt section applies
Four packets: glyphosate uses film bundling butt, five bury: butt blinding.
3. a set of efficient Synthetical prevention technology of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the measure
(1), be on the basis of sick tree generaI investigation cleaning to be carried out in normalization in, emphasis catches autumn and winter (the 9-12 month) generaI investigation cleaning disease
It sets, must first spray before cleaning sick tree and kill diaphorina citri.
4. a set of efficient Synthetical prevention technology of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the measure
(2) in, the seedling used is necessary for disease-free seedlings.
5. a set of efficient Synthetical prevention technology of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the measure
(2) in, the galvanized pipe of 28 ~ 32 mm of diameter, 1.5 mm of thickness is used to build steelframe Arch Reticulated canopy for main material, frame rises 3.2
M, 1.8 ~ 2 m of shoulder height, 8 m of breadth, 40 mesh fly net of outer cover, using net canopy be planted cultivate 1-2 seedlings, cleaning sick tree after
The 9-10 month (autumn) is reseeded using seedlings, next year fruiting.
6. a set of efficient Synthetical prevention technology of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the measure
(3) in, " five critical periods " is winter, early spring clear garden and summer shoot, autumn growth, Winter hardness tender shoots germination period, and wherein winter, early spring are each
Prevention and treatment 1 time, tip phase in spring 1 time, summer, autumn, late fall tender shoots germination period are respectively prevented and treated 2-3 times, total 9-12 times of whole year spray prevention and treatment.
7. a set of efficient Synthetical prevention technology of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the measure
(4) in, big region Unifying control: concentrating 1000 mu of area or more in flakes of region in orchard, outer by competitive bidding or service
The form of packet determines profession prevention and treatment tissue, is efficiently planted according to agreement using helicopter, plant protection drone etc. by professional prevention and control tissue
Instrument development Unifying control is protected to prevent killing diaphorina citri.
8. a set of efficient Synthetical prevention technology of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the measure
(4) in, zonule " center head of a household's system " groupcontrol: relative distribution, 1000 mu of regions below in orchard, with village, base, hole
Mouth is unit, recommends 1 to have experience, understands that technology, conscientious and public spirit orchard worker are Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen prevention and control " center family
It is long ", the more press piece again of amount distinguishes group, recommends group leader, and each group leader is responsible for a task until it is completed a few family orchard workers, constructs " the center head of a household-
The groupcontrol organizational structure of group leader-orchard worker " establishes prevention and control wechat group, formulates Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen groupcontrol regulations or public affairs
About, orchard worker reaches a common understanding understanding in region, monthly periodically concentrates exchange 1 time, patrols mutually, sick tree of supervising mutually cleaning and citrus
Wood louse prevents and treats situation, critical period unified spray prevention and treatment diaphorina citri.
9. a set of efficient Synthetical prevention technology of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the measure
(5) in, trench basal dressing kind 2-3 row Chinese fir is opened with digging machine on orchard periphery, is isolated using Chinese fir as protection, is worn in conjunction with mountain top
Cap builds ecological green belt.
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| CN111149603A (en) * | 2020-02-03 | 2020-05-15 | 广西特色作物研究院 | Prevention and treatment method for citrus sapling yellow shoot |
| CN111264284A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-06-12 | 江西师范大学 | Method for measuring number of yellow dragon disease trees in navel orange orchard |
| CN113079917A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-09 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Planting method for early-maturing and high-yield citrus |
| CN113303162A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-27 | 华中农业大学 | Construction method of citrus artificial forest capable of preventing and controlling water loss and soil erosion and huanglongbing |
| CN114885724A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-12 | 赣南师范大学 | Citrus psylla partition prevention and control treatment method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111149603A (en) * | 2020-02-03 | 2020-05-15 | 广西特色作物研究院 | Prevention and treatment method for citrus sapling yellow shoot |
| CN111264284A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-06-12 | 江西师范大学 | Method for measuring number of yellow dragon disease trees in navel orange orchard |
| CN113079917A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-09 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Planting method for early-maturing and high-yield citrus |
| CN113303162A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-27 | 华中农业大学 | Construction method of citrus artificial forest capable of preventing and controlling water loss and soil erosion and huanglongbing |
| CN113303162B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2023-06-30 | 华中农业大学 | Construction method of citrus artificial forest capable of preventing and controlling water and soil loss and yellow dragon disease |
| CN114885724A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-12 | 赣南师范大学 | Citrus psylla partition prevention and control treatment method |
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