CN108781934A - A kind of classification preventing control method in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area orchard - Google Patents
A kind of classification preventing control method in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area orchard Download PDFInfo
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- CN108781934A CN108781934A CN201810700330.XA CN201810700330A CN108781934A CN 108781934 A CN108781934 A CN 108781934A CN 201810700330 A CN201810700330 A CN 201810700330A CN 108781934 A CN108781934 A CN 108781934A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/10—Devices for affording protection against animals, birds or other pests
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of plant protection, and in particular to a kind of classification preventing control method in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area orchard.The classification preventing control method in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area of the present invention orchard is classified Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree and Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen orchard by respectively qualitative, classification prevention and control of the realization for the orchard of different ranks of catching an illness, the more specific aim with prevention and control accordingly；The problem of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen there is no effective control measure, prevention and control is caused to produce little effect at present is efficiently solved, disease severe Endemic Area is particularly suitable for, there is great importance to the disease prevention and control of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant protection, and in particular to a kind of classification prevention and control in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area orchard
Method.
Background technology
Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen (Huanglongbing) is propagated through diaphorina citri, by Candidatus liberibacter (Candidatus
Liberibacteria asiaticus) caused by citrus destructive disease, be most destructive disease on Citrus Industry, be
A kind of systematicness disease, is commonly called as " cancer " of citrus, can infect various citrus.Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen is a kind of very harmful
Contagious disease, the popular duration is long, morbidity range is wide, incidence is high, is always national citrus producing region Quarantine control
Key points and difficulties so that citrus farmer's " hear sickly complexion become ", yellow twig have become the first disease for restricting Aspects In The Development of Citrus Industry.In recent years
Come, numerous domestic and foreign scholars study Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, and achieve some gratifying results, but due to yellow twig pathogen
It can not manually cultivate, to the screening of the pathological research of yellow twig, disease-resistant medicament and disease-resistant variety still without breakthrough,
It is also alternative without anti-(resistance to) sick kind therefore currently without the effective agent of prevention yellow twig, it can only usually chop at a tree after infection.
Global citrus growing area is gradually spread current Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, and significant threat is constituted to world's Citrus Industry,
Cause China's most area citrus short life, low output, production cost high, annual economic loss is heavy, serious puzzlement and system
The about sound development of China's Citrus Industry.South China is China citrus main producing region and the severe Endemic Area of yellow twig, in recent years
Carry out disease happening and prevelence to be on the rise, cause orchard large area lie waste, orchard worker income fall sharply, industry it is dispirited.
Currently, the prevention of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen relies on " three broad axes " for a long time, i.e., " it is nontoxic to surgery disease tree, prevention wood louse, kind
Seedling ", relies primarily on the popularization of disease-free seedlings, the spontaneous of the mandarin tree that catches an illness is rooted out and the prevention of diaphorina citri, although in part
Citrus producing region achieves preferable effect, but in the control effect on the ground such as Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen severe Endemic Area such as Guangxi, Guangdong
It is barely satisfactory.It is reported that nearly 3,600,000 mu of the citrus cultivated area in Guangdong Province, wherein the orchard of infection yellow twig has broken through 1,000,000
Mu, it is unpractical all to root out the mandarin tree that catches an illness.In addition, have many research reports both at home and abroad about Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen,
It mainly focuses on being separately cultured of cause of disease, Molecular Detection and mechanism study, still lacks system, specific grade scale in production,
Also it has no way of the extent of injury for estimating it to production.Therefore, the rejuvenation technique for citrus of catching an illness is explored, the yield of disease tree is kept or improve
And quality, extend the orchard economic well-being of workers and staff time limit, be the feasible meter of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen severe Endemic Area, there is positive meaning.
Invention content
For this purpose, technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in the classification for providing a kind of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area orchard is anti-
Prosecutor method, to solve the problems, such as that Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen control effect is bad in the prior art.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of anti-prosecutor of classification in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area orchard of the present invention
Method includes the following steps：
(1) according to the symptom of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, by observing the yellow tip of field mandarin tree, a situation arises, to Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen
Tree is classified；
(2) according to the classification situation to Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree, Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen orchard is classified；
(3) according to the classification situation in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen orchard, classification prevention and control are carried out for the orchard of different disease ratings.
In the step (1), according to the yellow tip situation of the Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree, the Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree is divided into 5
Grade standard, respectively：It 0 grade, sets entirely disease-free；1 grade, 3% or less sick tip incidence；3 grades, sick tip incidence 3-10%；5 grades, disease
Tip incidence 11-30%；7 grades, 30% or more sick tip incidence.
In the step (2), according to the classification situation of the Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree in the Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen orchard, by institute
It states Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen orchard and is divided into 4 class standards, respectively：
Disease-free orchard, full garden mandarin tree do not have Huanglong's disease symptoms；
Slight morbidity orchard, yellow twig tree account for 3% or less orchard citrus sum；
Moderate morbidity orchard, yellow twig tree account for the 3-10% of orchard citrus sum；
Severe morbidity orchard：Yellow twig tree accounts for 10% or more of orchard citrus sum.
In the step (3), the prevention and control in the disease-free orchard are mainly：
The quality of stringent control citrus seedling, selects disease-free citrus seedling, prevents yellow twig from source；
Fly net is all around covered in orchard, effectively obstructs the intrusion of external source diaphorina citri；
Wood louse is slaughtered according to the spring tip of local orchard citrus, summer shoot, autumn growth and timely dispenser early period of the winter tip；
Winter clear garden, spray removes wood louse, to reduce the population density of next year diaphorina citri；And
Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree, doubtful disease tree commission detection unit identification are checked in irregular orchard, once the case is verified to be true is dug immediately
It removes.
In the step (3), the prevention and control in the slight morbidity orchard are mainly：
Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree, doubtful disease tree commission detection unit identification are checked in orchard, once the case is verified to be true is excavated immediately；
In orchard, disease-free citrus seedlings are reseeded in the place of vacancy, the time in field are exposed to before shortening citrus result, with to the greatest extent
Early enter soon and abounds with the phase；
Wood louse is slaughtered according to the spring tip of local orchard citrus, summer shoot, autumn growth and timely dispenser early period of the winter tip；
Winter clear garden, spray removes wood louse, to reduce the population density of next year diaphorina citri；
Reinforce water and fertilizer management, applying organic manure improves soil acidity environment, enhances tree vigo(u)r, improves citrus to Huanglong germ
Resistance；
It pours water in time in spring tip germination period, fruit expanding period, to promote the spring tip to sprout neat and fruit normal growth, fruit
When beginning annesl and time control water is to improve the soluble solid of fruit.
In the step (3), it is mainly to the prevention and control for the 5 grades of mandarin trees below that fall ill in moderate morbidity orchard：
" surviving in spite of illness " is advocated, orchard worker's earning cycle is extended；
Reinforce water and fertilizer management, to enhance tree vigo(u)r, increases young sprout, extend period；
Applying organic manure improves soil acidity environment, enhances tree vigo(u)r, improves tolerance of the citrus to Huanglong germ；
It pours water in spring tip germination period, fruit expanding period, is normally given birth to promoting the spring tip to sprout neat, healthy and strong and fruit in time
It is long.
In the step (3), it is mainly to the prevention and control of the mandarin tree of 7 grades of morbidity or more in moderate morbidity orchard：
It takes and thoroughly excavates, and burn processing by digging tree body, disease tree and surrounding mandarin tree are sprayed once comprehensively before digging tree
Insecticide handles the soil root after excavating citrus with quick lime；
In orchard, disease-free citrus seedlings are reseeded in the place of vacancy, the time in field are exposed to before shortening citrus result, as early as possible
Early enter and abounds with the phase；
Reinforce slaughtering for diaphorina citri, the stringent diffusive transport for controlling yellow twig by wood louse in orchard；
A situation arises for irregular inquiry orchard diaphorina citri, once there is worm's ovum, dispenser immediately；
Winter clear garden, spray removes wood louse, to reduce the population density of next year diaphorina citri.
In the step (3), the prevention and control in severe morbidity orchard are mainly：
It is main to consider to extend the citrus result time limit, extend orchard worker's earning cycle, reinforce fertilizer and water management, improves the anti-of mandarin tree
Characteristic of disease；
The Unifying control diaphorina citri when taking out tip early period, winter clear garden, to prevent Huanglong germ by the diffusive transport of wood louse.
The dispenser and/or spray step Chinese medicine include effective cypermethrin, imidacloprid, chlopyrifos or avermectin,
It is spaced dispenser in 7-10 days 1 time, depending on wood louse a situation arises dispenser 2-3 times.
It is anti-in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen that the invention also discloses the classification preventing control methods in the Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area orchard
Application in control field.
The classification preventing control method in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area of the present invention orchard, by respectively to Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree and
Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen orchard be classified accordingly it is qualitative, realize for difference catch an illness ranks orchard classification prevention and control, more have
There is the specific aim of prevention and control；Wherein, Newly built orchard follows nursery stock quarantine and comprehensive measures for the prevention and control, prevents external cause of disease intrusion；Slightly
Disease tree, Unifying control diaphorina citri are excavated in orchard of catching an illness in time；" in spite of illness survive " is advocated in moderate orchard of catching an illness, and uses disease tree rejuvenation
Technology improves disease resistance of the citrus to yellow twig, extends the result time limit；Severe orchard of catching an illness replants in time, avoids losing because of orchard
Famine loses pipe and diaphorina citri is caused to migrate propagation；Simultaneously by reinforcing nursery stock quarantine, tree transplanted plantation is promoted, citrus early stage is reduced
It catches an illness probability, further increases the effect of prevention and control, efficiently solve Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen and there is no effective control measure at present, cause to prevent
The problem of control produces little effect, is particularly suitable for disease severe Endemic Area, has weight to the disease prevention and control of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area
Want directive significance.
The present invention carries out Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree with the yellow tip patient's condition of field mandarin tree according to the symptom of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen
Classification；The incidence of single plant disease tree can be described intuitively；And the classification of the present invention to Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen orchard is with described
The accounting of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree is standard, the situation occurred of citrus producing region yellow twig intuitively can be effectively generally investigated, to be directed to difference
Orchard carries out prevention and control using different effective strategies.Preventing control method of the present invention is suitable for Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area not
The citrus orchard of same area, different onset degree can be ensured with the generation of effectively preventing diaphorina citri and control yellow twig
The sustainable development of Citrus Industry.
Description of the drawings
In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, it below according to specific embodiments of the present invention and combines
Attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, wherein
Fig. 1 is that a situation arises (head/hundred the tip) for disease-free garden (A) diaphorina citri；
Fig. 2 is that a situation arises (head/hundred the tip) for slight morbidity orchard (B) diaphorina citri；
Fig. 3 is that moderate falls ill that a situation arises (head/hundred the tip) for orchard (C) diaphorina citri.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
3 citrus orchards are selected to implement classification preventing control method of the present invention in Zhaoqing, 3 orchard yellow twigs occur
Situation is different, and according to the classical symptom of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, the yellow tip of mandarin tree is mainly investigated in field, and a situation arises, while paying attention to Huang
The imperial yellow tip symptom of disease will be distinguished with physiological yellow, such as nutritional deficiency, water shortage symptom.
The early symptom of the yellow tip：Young sprout blade specific yellow, the uniform yellow of blade large area or yellowish green alternate
It is mottled；
The later stage symptom of the yellow tip：The sick tip is short and small slim and frahile, sick leaf it is narrow it is long and narrow, matter is firmly upright.
For the unconspicuous doubtful Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree of symptom, sampling delivers qualified detection unit and carries out molecule inspection
It surveys, a situation arises for accurate perception Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen.According to the analysis of above-mentioned field and testing result, by Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen disease tree
Disease index is divided into 5 grades, respectively：It 0 grade, sets entirely disease-free；1 grade, 3% or less sick tip incidence；3 grades, sick tip incidence
3-10%；5 grades, sick tip incidence 11-30%, 7 grades 30% or more sick tip incidence.
After Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree in above-mentioned 3 orchards is classified, the number of the disease tree of each grade is classified as to it
Amount is counted, and the rank of catching an illness in above three orchard is determined according to following standard, citrus orchard is divided into 4 classes, respectively：
Disease-free orchard, full garden mandarin tree do not have Huanglong's disease symptoms；
Slight morbidity orchard, yellow twig tree account for 3% or less orchard citrus sum；
Moderate morbidity orchard, yellow twig tree account for the 3-10% of orchard citrus sum；
Severe morbidity orchard：Yellow twig tree accounts for 10% or more of orchard citrus sum.
With reference to above-mentioned grade scale, citrus orchard that the present embodiment is related to is classified as that disease-free garden (A), slightly fall ill fruit respectively
Garden (B) and moderate morbidity orchard (C), implement technical scheme of the present invention to above three orchard individually below.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is to carry out prevention and control for the Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen of disease-free garden (A), and disease-free garden (A) is located at described in the present embodiment
The roads Zhaoqing Gao Yaoquhuo town, 70 mu of orchard area, kind are implanted with 5000 plants of granulated sugar tangerine, and in new plantation in 2014 without sick seedling.Tool
Body preventing control method includes：
Ensure that the citrus nursery stock of garden plantation chooses the citrus from provincial unit without sick seedling Breeding base, shuts out from source
The generation of exhausted yellow twig；
Since the garden is ringed on three sides by mountains, village is leaned on one side, is enclosed on one side by village in orchard and covers 5 meters high of 60 mesh fly nets, with barrier
The intrusion of external source diaphorina citri；
Wood louse is slaughtered in the spring tip of orchard citrus, summer shoot, autumn growth and timely dispenser early period of the winter tip, when specific dispenser respectively
Between 7-10 days before taking out the tip, respectively in mid-February, the first tenday period of a month in May, mid-August and mid-November；Medicament uses efficient chlorine cyanogen chrysanthemum
The common insecticides such as ester, imidacloprid, chlopyrifos, avermectin, by prescribed dose, spraying time is that interval is applied for 7-10 days again
Medicine is primary, and continuous dispenser is secondary；
When winter clear garden, sprayed to orchard to remove wood louse, spray medicament using effective cypermethrin, imidacloprid, poison with poison
The common insecticides such as tick, avermectin simultaneously press prescribed dose, and specially dispenser is primary, to reduce the kind of next year diaphorina citri
Population density；
In citrus planting process, it is also necessary to it is irregular in checking Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree in orchard, doubtful disease is set
Detection unit need to be entrusted to be identified that once the case is verified to be true is excavated immediately, disease tree and surrounding mandarin tree are sprayed once comprehensively before digging tree
Insecticide handles the soil root after excavating citrus with quick lime, and burning disposal is by digging tree body.
The Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree of disease-free garden (A) was investigated in continuous 4 years in 2014-2017 in the present embodiment, specifically
Investigation method includes：
(1) a situation arises for investigation diaphorina citri, in the spring tip of citrus, summer shoot, autumn growth and winter tip germination period and full incidence period
Each investigation 1 time, 5 plants of trees of random searching, set for every plant and are investigated according to East, West, South, North, middle five positions per acre, each orientation investigation
4 branch；
(2) a situation arises for investigation Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, and range estimation generaI investigation, Huanglong according to the present invention are carried out to full garden mandarin tree
Sick classical symptom is differentiated that, for the unconspicuous doubtful Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree of symptom, qualified detection unit is delivered in sampling
Carry out Molecular Detection.
Investigation result is shown in attached drawing 1, it is seen then that implements the prevention and control of diaphorina citri according to the technical solution of above-mentioned investigation method, entirely
Year, the population quantity of diaphorina citri remained at low level, and peak period diaphorina citri Control quantity of species is below 4.5/hundred tips
(see Fig. 1).Simultaneously by the irregular observation to orchard, amounts in 2014-2017 and find no Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen over 4 years
Tree.
As long as it was verified that ensureing that without Huanglong germ, external source wood louse has been obstructed using measures such as massif, fly nets for nursery stock
Intrusion, even if there are a certain number of diaphorina citris in orchard, will not occur citrus occur yellow twig.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is to carry out prevention and control for the Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen of orchard of slightly falling ill (B), is slightly sent out described in the present embodiment
Disease fruit garden (B) is located at the Zhaoqing Deqing County towns Ma Xu, 120 mu of orchard area, 6000 plants of plantation tribute mandarin orange.Specific preventing control method packet
It includes：
In irregularly checking Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree in orchard, doubtful disease tree commission detection unit is identified, once the case is verified to be true, immediately
Excavate；13 plants, 17 plants, 14 plants and 11 plants of yellow twig tree is excavated respectively in 2014-2017 in the orchard；It is needed to disease before digging tree
Tree and surrounding mandarin tree spray an insecticide comprehensively, handle the soil root after excavating citrus with quick lime, and at burning
Reason is by digging tree body；
In orchard, disease-free citrus seedlings are reseeded in the place of vacancy, the time in field are exposed to before shortening citrus result, as early as possible
Early enter and abounds with the phase；
Wood louse is slaughtered in the spring tip of orchard citrus, summer shoot, autumn growth and timely dispenser early period of the winter tip, when specific dispenser respectively
Between 7-10 days before taking out the tip, respectively in mid-February, the first tenday period of a month in May, mid-August and mid-November；Efficient chlorine can be used in dispenser medicament
The common insecticides such as Cyano chrysanthemate, imidacloprid, chlopyrifos, avermectin, according to routine dose dispenser, spraying time interval 7-
Dispenser 1 time again in 10 days, continuous dispenser 2 times；
When winter clear garden, it need to spray and remove wood louse, medicament is using effective cypermethrin, imidacloprid, chlopyrifos, avermectin
Etc. common insecticides, according to routine dose dispenser, to reduce the population density of next year diaphorina citri；
It also needing to reinforce water and fertilizer management in planting process, applying organic manure (conventional fertilizer) improves soil acidity environment,
Enhance tree vigo(u)r, improves resistance of the citrus to Huanglong germ；And pour water in time in spring tip germination period, fruit expanding period, to promote
The spring tip sprouts neat and fruit normal growth, and when fruit starts annesl and time control water is to improve the soluble solid of fruit.
The Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree of orchard of slightly falling ill (B) was adjusted in continuous 4 years in 2014-2017 in the present embodiment
It looks into, specific investigation method includes：
(1) a situation arises for investigation diaphorina citri, in the spring tip of citrus, summer shoot, autumn growth and winter tip germination period and full incidence period
Each investigation 1 time, 5 plants of trees of random searching, set for every plant and are investigated according to East, West, South, North, middle five positions per acre, each orientation investigation
4 branch；
(2) a situation arises for investigation Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, and range estimation generaI investigation, Huanglong according to the present invention are carried out to full garden mandarin tree
Sick classical symptom is differentiated that, for the unconspicuous doubtful Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree of symptom, qualified detection unit is delivered in sampling
Carry out Molecular Detection.
Investigation result is shown in attached drawing 2, and calculates the annual morbidity of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, is recorded in the following table 1.
1 orchard B Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen annual morbidities of table
| Time | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 |
| Yellow twig tree | 13 plants | 17 plants | 14 plants | 11 plants |
| Yellow twig incidence | 0.22% | 0.28% | 0.23% | 0.18% |
Implement the prevention and control of diaphorina citri according to the technical solution of above-mentioned investigation method, the population quantity of annual diaphorina citri is protected
It holds in low level, peak period diaphorina citri Control quantity of species is below 6.9/hundred tips (see Fig. 2).By to irregular in orchard
Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree, doubtful disease tree commission detection unit identification are checked, once the case is verified to be true is excavated immediately.This is slight morbidity orchard (B)
In 2014-2017, excavate respectively 13 plants of yellow twig tree, 17 plants, 14 plants, 11 plants, calculate its annual morbidity (being shown in Table 1) be respectively
0.22%, 0.28%, 0.23%, 0.18%.Orchard of slightly falling ill is focused on rooting out cause of disease, roots out yellow twig in time, slaughters
Diaphorina citri can effectively control the incidence of yellow twig, by the yellow twig incidence control for a long time in slight morbidity garden 0.3%
Below.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is to carry out prevention and control for the Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen of moderate morbidity orchard (C), and moderate is sent out described in the present embodiment
Disease fruit garden (C) is located at the areas Zhaoqing Gao Yao bight town, 120 mu of orchard area, wherein 60 mu of 3000 plants of tribute mandarin oranges of plantation, 60 mu of sand
3000 plants of sugared tangerine amounts to 6000 plants of citruses.
To being determined as the 5 grades of mandarin trees below that fall ill in the orchard, " surviving in spite of illness " is advocated, water and fertilizer management is reinforced, is extended
Orchard worker's earning cycle.
For being determined as the 5 grades of mandarin trees below that fall ill, base manure, including 500 kgs/acre of chicken manure, flower are applied mid-January
Raw 30 kgs/acre of bran, 30 kgs/acre of phosphate fertilizer；And impose potash fertilizer for the 1st time in late Febuary, 20 kgs/acre；In early April the 2nd time
Impose composite fertilizer (N：P：K=15：15：15), 50 kgs/acre；Composite fertilizer (N is imposed in early August the 3rd time：P：K=15：15：
15)；In mid-October the 4th impose potash fertilizer, 20 kgs/acre.
For being determined as the 7 grades of mandarin trees below that fall ill, the processing mode thoroughly excavated is taken, and burn processing and dug tree
Body；It digs before tree and an insecticide is sprayed comprehensively to disease tree and surrounding mandarin tree, the soil after excavating citrus is handled with quick lime
Root system.This moderate fall ill orchard (C) in 2014-2017, excavate respectively 7 grades or more 26 plants, 31 plants, 35 plants of yellow twig tree and
39 plants.
In moderate morbidity orchard (C), in orchard, disease-free citrus seedlings are reseeded in the place of vacancy, shorten citrus result
Before be exposed to time in field, as early as possible it is early enter abounds with the phase.
In planting process, reinforce slaughtering for diaphorina citri, the stringent diffusive transport for controlling yellow twig by wood louse in orchard,
A situation arises for irregular inquiry orchard diaphorina citri, once there is worm's ovum, dispenser immediately.
When winter clear garden, spray removes wood louse, and medicament is using effective cypermethrin, imidacloprid, chlopyrifos, avermectin etc.
Common insecticides, and routinely dosage dispenser, to reduce the population density of next year diaphorina citri.
The Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree of moderate morbidity orchard (C) was adjusted in continuous 4 years in 2014-2017 in the present embodiment
It looks into, specific investigation method includes：
(1) a situation arises for investigation diaphorina citri, in the spring tip of citrus, summer shoot, autumn growth and winter tip germination period and full incidence period
Each investigation 1 time, 5 plants of trees of random searching, set for every plant and are investigated according to East, West, South, North, middle five positions per acre, each orientation investigation
4 branch；
(2) a situation arises for investigation Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, and range estimation generaI investigation, Huanglong according to the present invention are carried out to full garden mandarin tree
Sick classical symptom is differentiated that, for the unconspicuous doubtful Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree of symptom, qualified detection unit is delivered in sampling
Carry out Molecular Detection.
Investigation result is shown in attached drawing 3, and calculates the annual morbidity of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, is recorded in the following table 2.
2 orchard C Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen annual morbidities of table
| Time | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 |
| Yellow twig tree | 345 plants+26 plants | 328 plants+31 plants | 311 plants+35 plants | 302 plants+39 plants |
| Yellow twig incidence | 6.18% | 5.98% | 5.77% | 5.68% |
Survey plan according to the invention implements the prevention and control of diaphorina citri, and the population quantity of annual diaphorina citri is maintained at low
Position, peak period diaphorina citri Control quantity of species is below 9.2/hundred tips (see Fig. 3).2014-2017, field investigation are found
The yellow twig tree of morbidity is respectively 371 plants, 359 plants, 346 plants, 341 plants, calculate yellow twig annual morbidity be respectively 6.18%,
5.98%, 5.77%, 5.68%.26 plants, 31 plants, 35 plants and 39 plants of the yellow twig tree of 7 grades of morbidity or more is excavated over 4 years respectively.
As it can be seen that for moderate morbidity orchard, clean cut is rooted out disease tree and has not been made much sense, for no economic valence
The citrus of value can be rooted out, to reduce the infection sources.The present invention cannot effectively control the incidence of yellow twig, but can control Huanglong
The sprawling of disease keeps incidence to keep stablizing, effectively extends the citrus result time limit, ensures household economy benefit.
By the prevention and control scheme of above-described embodiment 2-4 it is found that being sent out in the prevention and control scheme in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen orchard of the present invention
It is existing, the pumping slightly phase of the control approach not instead of citrus of diaphorina citri, before citrus is taken out slightly and winter clear garden.This hair
The preventing control method in the bright Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen orchard passes through experiment and observation in 4 years, the results showed that, 3 differences are caught an illness degree
The control effect of citrus orchard diaphorina citri is stablized, and peak period diaphorina citri population quantity is controlled respectively in 4.5/hundred tips, 6.9
Below the tip of head/hundred and 9.2/hundred tips；And new plantation orchard keeps disease-free state for many years, the incidence control in slight garden of falling ill exists
0.3% hereinafter, moderate morbidity garden incidence keeps stablizing.
The method of the invention advocates the orchard more than orchard of slightly falling ill (B) with disease tree the shape of " surviving in spite of illness "
Formula, while monitoring situation is purposeful, selectively roots out disease tree according to catching an illness, to extend orchard worker's earning cycle.The method of the present invention
It can be widely used in the citrus orchard of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen severe Endemic Area different area, different cultivars, different onset degree, had
On the basis of the prevention diaphorina citri and control yellow twig of effect occur, ensures orchard worker's income, push the sustainable development of Citrus Industry
Exhibition.
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and does not limit the embodiments.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or
It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And it is extended from this it is obvious variation or
It changes still within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of classification preventing control method in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area orchard, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) according to the symptom of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, by observing the yellow tip of field mandarin tree, a situation arises, to Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree into
Row classification；
(2) according to the classification situation to Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree, Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen orchard is classified；
(3) according to the classification situation in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen orchard, classification prevention and control are carried out for the orchard of different disease ratings.
2. the classification preventing control method in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area according to claim 1 orchard, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly in (1), according to the yellow tip situation of the Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree, the Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree is divided into 5 grades of standards, respectively：0
Grade, sets disease-free entirely；1 grade, 3% or less sick tip incidence；3 grades, sick tip incidence 3-10%；5 grades, sick tip incidence 11-30%；
7 grades, 30% or more sick tip incidence.
3. the classification preventing control method in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area according to claim 2 orchard, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly in (2), according to the classification situation of the Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree in the Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen orchard, by the Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen fruit
Garden is divided into 4 class standards, respectively：
Disease-free orchard, full garden mandarin tree do not have Huanglong's disease symptoms；
Slight morbidity orchard, yellow twig tree account for 3% or less orchard citrus sum；
Moderate morbidity orchard, yellow twig tree account for the 3-10% of orchard citrus sum；
Severe morbidity orchard：Yellow twig tree accounts for 10% or more of orchard citrus sum.
4. the classification preventing control method in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area according to claim 3 orchard, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly in (3), the prevention and control in the disease-free orchard are mainly：
The quality of stringent control citrus seedling, selects disease-free citrus seedling, prevents yellow twig from source；
Fly net is all around covered in orchard, effectively obstructs the intrusion of external source diaphorina citri；
Wood louse is slaughtered according to the spring tip of local orchard citrus, summer shoot, autumn growth and timely dispenser early period of the winter tip；
Winter clear garden, spray removes wood louse, to reduce the population density of next year diaphorina citri；And check mandarin orange in irregular orchard
Tangerine yellow twig tree, doubtful disease tree commission detection unit identification, once the case is verified to be true are excavated immediately.
5. the classification preventing control method in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Area according to claim 3 or 4 orchard, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step (3), the prevention and control in the slight morbidity orchard are mainly：
Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen tree, doubtful disease tree commission detection unit identification are checked in orchard, once the case is verified to be true is excavated immediately；
In orchard, disease-free citrus seedlings are reseeded in the place of vacancy, the time in field are exposed to before shortening citrus result, with early as early as possible
Into the phase of abounding with；
Wood louse is slaughtered according to the spring tip of local orchard citrus, summer shoot, autumn growth and timely dispenser early period of the winter tip；
Winter clear garden, spray removes wood louse, to reduce the population density of next year diaphorina citri；
Reinforce water and fertilizer management, applying organic manure improves soil acidity environment, enhances tree vigo(u)r, improves citrus and is supported to Huanglong germ
Drag；
It pours water in spring tip germination period, fruit expanding period, is started with promoting the spring tip to sprout neat and fruit normal growth, fruit in time
When annesl and time control water is to improve the soluble solid of fruit.
6. according to the classification preventing control method in any one of them Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Areas claim 3-5 orchard, feature exists
In in the step (3), being mainly to the prevention and control for the 5 grades of mandarin trees below that fall ill in moderate morbidity orchard：
" surviving in spite of illness " is advocated, orchard worker's earning cycle is extended；
Reinforce water and fertilizer management, to enhance tree vigo(u)r, increases young sprout, extend period；
Applying organic manure improves soil acidity environment, enhances tree vigo(u)r, improves tolerance of the citrus to Huanglong germ；
It pours water in time in spring tip germination period, fruit expanding period, to promote the spring tip to sprout neat, healthy and strong and fruit normal growth.
7. according to the classification preventing control method in any one of them Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Areas claim 3-5 orchard, feature exists
In in the step (3), being mainly to the prevention and control of the mandarin tree of 7 grades of morbidity or more in moderate morbidity orchard：
It takes and thoroughly excavates, and burn processing by digging tree body, dig before tree and a desinsection is sprayed comprehensively to disease tree and surrounding mandarin tree
Medicament handles the soil root after excavating citrus with quick lime；
In orchard, disease-free citrus seedlings are reseeded in the place of vacancy, shorten the time that field is exposed to before citrus result, as early as possible it is early into
Enter to abound with the phase；
Reinforce slaughtering for diaphorina citri, the stringent diffusive transport for controlling yellow twig by wood louse in orchard；
A situation arises for irregular inquiry orchard diaphorina citri, once there is worm's ovum, dispenser immediately；
Winter clear garden, spray removes wood louse, to reduce the population density of next year diaphorina citri.
8. according to the classification preventing control method in any one of them Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Areas claim 3-7 orchard, feature exists
In in the step (3), the prevention and control in severe morbidity orchard are mainly：
It is main to consider to extend the citrus result time limit, extend orchard worker's earning cycle, reinforces fertilizer and water management, improve the disease-resistant of mandarin tree
Property；
The Unifying control diaphorina citri when taking out tip early period, winter clear garden, to prevent Huanglong germ by the diffusive transport of wood louse.
9. according to the classification preventing control method in any one of them Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Areas claim 4-8 orchard, feature exists
In the dispenser and/or spray step Chinese medicine include effective cypermethrin, imidacloprid, chlopyrifos or avermectin, are spaced 7-
Dispenser in 10 days 1 time, depending on wood louse a situation arises dispenser 2-3 times.
10. the classification preventing control method in any one of them Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen Endemic Areas claim 4-9 orchard is in Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen
Application in prevention and control field.
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| CN113303162A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-27 | 华中农业大学 | Construction method of citrus artificial forest capable of preventing and controlling water loss and soil erosion and huanglongbing |
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| CN110150011A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-23 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of method that mandarin orange yellow twig is irrigated in field indetification and prevention and control |
| CN110192488A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-09-03 | 赣州市果树植保站 | A set of efficient Synthetical prevention technology of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen |
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