CN110191949B - 重组病毒、包含该重组病毒的组合物以及其用途 - Google Patents
重组病毒、包含该重组病毒的组合物以及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
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- C12Y—ENZYMES
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
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- C12N2760/16122—New viral proteins or individual genes, new structural or functional aspects of known viral proteins or genes
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12N2760/00—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA ssRNA viruses negative-sense
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
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- F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
- F27D2009/0002—Cooling of furnaces
- F27D2009/0018—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes
- F27D2009/0021—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes with the parallel tube parts close to each other, e.g. a serpentine
Landscapes
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Abstract
本揭示内容揭示一免疫组合物,包含一可内含于A型流行性感冒病毒中的血球凝集素(hemagglutinin,HA)变异体及/或神经氨酸酶(neuraminidase,NA)变异体,以及其引发对抗A型流行性感冒病毒的免疫反应的用途。
Description
相关申请案
本申请主张美国临时申请案于2016年11月8日申请的第62/418,800号的优先权,该申请案的完整内容纳入为本揭示内容的一部分以供参照。
发明背景
A型流行性感冒病毒(Influenza A virus,IAV)属于正粘液病毒科(Orthomyxoviridae family),能够广泛地传播并跨越族群间的障碍。鉴于过去十年间A型流行性感冒盛行,IAV感染仍为一种重大的全球性健康威胁。
血球凝集素(hemagglutinin,HA)及神经氨酸酶(neuraminidase,NA)是位于IAV表面的糖蛋白。HA及NA的抗原漂变及抗原移型致使有必要发展对A型流行性感冒有较佳保护力的疫苗。因此,找出具有较佳免疫力(immunogenicity)的HA及NA变异体将有极大的益处,其能协助开发疫苗以对抗快速演变的IAV。
发明内容
本揭示内容至少有一部分是基于发明人意外地发现一种重组IAV,其相较于野生型(wild type,WT)IAV,具有强化免疫反应的功效,其中该重组IAV包含一种修饰过的(modified)N-糖化修饰型态的突变HA抗原,或一种神经氨酸酶活性缺损的突变NA。
本揭示内容的一方面是有关一种重组IAV,包含一突变HA,其相较于野生型HA,在相当于SEQ ID NO:1(或SEQ ID NO:3)的第142残基位置保留一天冬酰胺(asparagine,Asn)残基,且在相当于SEQ ID NO:1(或SEQ ID NO:3)的第285、497及556残基位置包含一或多个突变,其中该突变HA在相当于SEQ ID NO:1(或SEQ ID NO:3)的第142残基位置具有N-糖化修饰,且在相当于SEQ ID NO:1的第285、497及556残基位置不具糖化修饰(aglycosylated)。
在某些实施方式中,该突变HA在相当于SEQ ID NO:1的第27残基位置更保留一Asn残基,且其中该HA变异体在相当于SEQ ID NO:1的第27残基位置具有N-糖化修饰。
任一种本揭示内容所述的突变HA可包含一氨基酸序列,其与SEQ ID NO:1(或SEQID NO:3)具有至少85%(例如90%、95%、98%或99%)的序列相似度。在一实施例中,该突变HA包含SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列。
本揭示内容亦包含任一种本发明所述的突变HA抗原。
本揭示内容的另一方面是有关一种包含一突变NA的重组IAV,其中相较于野生型NA,该突变NA包含(a)一位于一或多个活性位置(active site)的突变,(b)一位于一或多个N-糖化修饰的突变,或(a)及(b)的组合;其中该突变NA的NA活性有缺损。
在某些实施方式中,该突变NA在相当于SEQ ID NO:4的第44、72及219残基位置的一或多个N-糖化修饰位点包含一置换(substitution)。举例而言,该突变NA:(1)在相当于SEQ ID NO:4的第44残基位置包含一置换,(2)在相当于SEQ ID NO:4的第72残基位置包含一置换,(3)在相当于SEQ ID NO:4的第44及72残基位置包含复数个置换,或(4)在相当于SEQ ID NO:4的第44、72及219残基位置包含复数个置换。或是或除此外,该突变NA于一或多个活性位置包含一置换,其中该活性位置可为相当于SEQ ID NO:4的第102及135残基位置。任一种本揭示内容所述的该突变NA包含一氨基酸序列,其与SEQ ID NO:4具有至少85%(例如90%、95%、98%或99%)的序列相似度。
在某些实施方式中,该突变NA可于一或多个区域包含一缺失(deletion),其中该一或多个区域为含有一或多个N-糖化修饰位点、一或多个活性位置,或二者兼具的区域。举例而言,该突变NA可于茎柄域(domain)包含一缺失、可于催化域包含一缺失,或二者兼具。在一实施例中,该突变NA缺失全部的催化域。在其他实施例中,该突变NA缺失全部的催化域及茎柄域二者。在一特殊的实施例中,该突变NA为SEQ ID NO:2的氨基酸序列。
本揭示内容亦包含任一种本发明所述的突变NA。
在另一方面中,本揭示内容提供一种免疫组合物,包含:(i)任一种本发明所述的重组IAV或任一种本发明所述的HA变异体,以及(ii)一药学上可接受的载体,其中该载体可为一佐剂。
在再另一方面中,本揭示内容提供一种使一个体引发免疫反应以对抗IAV的方法,该方法包含投予一有效剂量的任一种本揭示内容所述的免疫组合物。在某些实施方式中,该个体是人类,其可为IAV感染、疑似IAV感染,或有IAV感染的风险。例示性的IAV包括但不限于,H1N1或H5N1的IAV。免疫组合物可经由口服(oral administration)、肠内投予(enteral administration)、鼻腔投予(nasal administration)、局部投予(topicaladministration)及经粘膜投予(transmucosal administration)等路径投予至个体体内。在一实施例中,免疫组合物可经非口服投予(parenterally)路径至个体体内。
本揭示内容亦包含本发明所述的重组IAV、HA变异体或NA变异体,或包含该重组IAV、HA变异体或NA变异体的免疫组合物于治疗或预防IAV感染的用途,或重组IAV、HA变异体、NA变异体,或其免疫组合物于制备药物以治疗或预防IAV感染的用途。
以下阐述本揭示内容的一或多个实施方式的相关细节。本揭示内容的其他特征或优点,在参阅图式、数个实施方式的详细说明及申请专利范围后,当可轻易了解。
图式简单说明
图1的数据阐述糖化修饰对IAV的HA免疫力的影响。(A):IAV表面蛋白HA及NA的糖化位点(Ψ)的示意图。CT:细胞质域C端;TM:穿膜域;N:细胞质域N端。(B):比较具有不同糖化修饰型态的病毒在MDCK细胞中的复制率。(C):利用抗-HA、抗-M1及抗-β-肌动蛋白等抗体进行Western Blot法来分析感染四种特定IAV变异株的A549细胞。(D):糖类阵列分析野生型IAV及142-G IAV的HA结合型态。(E):特定IAV变异株的血球凝集试验结果。(F):糖类阵列分析具有去糖化修饰的HA(deglycosylated)的野生型病毒。(G):在小鼠中测试野生型IAV及特定IAV变异株的免疫力。以失活的野生型IAV及特定IAV变异株免疫化(immunized)小鼠后,取其抗血清进行血球凝集抑制试验。(H):以特定病毒免疫化小鼠后,再以致死剂量的H5N1病毒接种(challenged)该小鼠后的存活率。图(B)、(D)及(F)为3次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差(mean±standard error of the mean,SEM);图(G)为10次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差;图(H)为10次独立试验结果。*:P<0.001,**:P<0.05。
图2的数据阐述糖化修饰对IAV毒力及NA结构的影响。(A):比较特定病毒在A549细胞中的复制率。(B):利用抗-NA抗体进行Western Blot法来分析经糖化修饰及去糖化修饰的NA变异体分子量。(C):特定IAV的NA的圆二色性光谱分析结果。(D):去糖化修饰的NA变异体的圆二色性光谱分析结果。(E):利用2-(4-甲基伞形酮)-α-D-N-乙酰神经胺酸(2-(4-methylumbelliferyl)-α-D-N-acetylneuraminic acid,4-MUNANA)萤光分析IAV的NA活性。图(B)为3次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差;图(E)为5次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差。*:P<0.001。
图3的数据阐述糖化修饰对IAV的NA免疫力的影响。(A):利用2’(4-甲基伞型酮)-α-D-N-乙酰神经胺酸(4-Muα-Neu5Ac)、6’-唾液酸-N-乳糖胺(6-SLN)及3’-唾液酸-N-乳糖胺(3-SLN)等糖共轭分子来测量NA活性;该NA活性相对于野生型NA(订为100%)的活性。(B):比较病毒在LMH细胞中的复制率。于48hpi(hours post infection)检测病毒效价。(C):利用薄层色层分析特定病毒变异株与6’-唾液乳糖(6-SL)作用。(D):于37℃及55℃下,利用4-MUNANA分析44-72-G、去糖化修饰的44-72-G及44-72-219-G等病毒的NA活性。(E):利用穿透式电子显微镜观察野生型病毒型态。(F):如图(E)所述的方式观察44-72-219-G病毒型态。(G):以WT IAV(WSN)或含有特定NA变异体的IAV接种小鼠后的存活率。(H):如图(G)所述的小鼠的体重。图(A)、(B)及(D)为3次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差;图(G)为5次独立试验结果;图(H)为5次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差。*:P<0.001,**:P<0.05。
图4的数据阐述于活性减毒流行性感冒疫苗(live attenuated influenzavaccine,LAIV)中截断NA对NA免疫力的影响。(A):LAIV H1N1A/WSN/33(WSN)-NA设计示意图。数字表示为自cRNA的5’端起算的核苷酸数目。TGA是终止密码。(B):在小鼠中测试WTIAV(WSN)及特定IAV变异株的免疫力。以失活的WT IAV(WSN)及特定IAV变异株免疫化小鼠,取其抗血清进行血球凝集抑制试验。(C):以特定病毒免疫化小鼠后,再以致死剂量的H5N1病毒接种该小鼠后的存活率。(D):以特定方式处理小鼠后,于其肺部观察H5N1病毒复制动态。(E):在小鼠中测试WT IAV(WSN)及LAIV WSN-NA的免疫力。取免疫化后的小鼠的抗血清进行血球凝集抑制试验。(F):当受到病毒感染时,LAIV WSN-NA病毒引发CD8+T细胞活化的能力。以特定病毒免疫化小鼠,取其周边血液单核球细胞(peripheral blood mononuclearcells,PBMC),并与WSN病毒(+virus)作用后,利用流式细胞仪分析INF-γ于CD8+T细胞表面的表达。(G):当受到M1及NP抗原决定位刺激时,LAIV WSN-NA病毒引发CD8+T细胞活化的能力。以LAIV WSN-NA病毒免疫化小鼠,取其PBMC,并与M1及NP抗原决定位作用后,利用流式细胞仪分析INF-γ于CD8+T细胞表面的表达。图(B)、(D)及(E)为10次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差;图(C)为10次独立试验结果;图(F)及(G)的实验数据来自3次具代表性的相似实验。*:P<0.001。
图5的数据阐述HA去糖化修饰对IAV的HA免疫力的影响。(A):11种含不同糖化位点的HA的IAV示意图。CT:细胞质域C端;TM:穿膜域。全部的重组病毒皆经基因体测序确认。(B):11种病毒变异株感染A549细胞后,于48hpi比较病毒的复制率。(C):特定HA变异体的圆二色性光谱分析结果。(D):利用抗-HA、抗-M1等抗体进行Western Blot法来分析相同浓度的四种特定IAV变异株。转渍膜与抗-HA、抗-M1等单株抗体作用。(E):含特定HA变异体的病毒的感染力。感染MDCK细胞后,利用溶菌斑检定分析检测病毒效价。(F):利用细胞结合试验分析细胞受器结合的亲和力。(G):于48hpi比较特定病毒在LMH细胞中的复制率(利用病毒效价定出)。(H):以抗-HA抗体对3株IAV变异株进行Western Blot法分析。该些变异株经糖苷内切酶混合物(Endo-F1、F2、F3及H)去糖化修饰后的变异株。(I):以致死剂量的特定病毒接种小鼠后的存活率。该病毒经糖苷内切酶混合物处理。图(B)、(E)、(F)及(G)为3次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差;图(I)为10次独立试验结果。*:P<0.001。
图6的数据阐述糖化修饰对HA的结合专一性(binding specificity)及总结合力(binding avidity)的影响。(A):糖类阵列上的唾液酸苷结构用于IAV结合性试验的示意图。该合成的SA糖类阵列由下列唾液酸苷所组成:20种α2,3-多糖(1–20)、9种α2,6-多糖(21–29)、10种α2,8-及α2,9-多糖(30–39),以研究IAV结合性。(B):利用糖类阵列分析4株特定病毒变异株。(C):利用糖类阵列分析4种HA蛋白变异体。(D):利用糖类阵列分析去糖化修饰的285-497-556-G HA的IAV。(E):利用糖类阵列分析142-285-497-556-G HA的IAV。图(B)、(C)、(D)及(D)为3次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差。
图7的数据阐述糖化修饰对IAV的NA活性的影响。(A):8种含不同糖化修饰型态的NA的IAV示意图。糖化位点如图所示;N为细胞质域N端;TM为穿膜域。全部的重组病毒皆经基因体测序确认。(B):8种病毒变异株感染MDCK细胞后,比较该些病毒的复制率。(C):利用凝胶过滤层析法分析5种NA蛋白。(D):利用凝胶过滤层析法分析5种去糖化修饰的NA蛋白。(E):利用抗-NA抗体进行Western Blot法来分析病毒。该病毒经糖苷内切酶混合物处理。(F):利用4-MUNANA分析去糖化修饰的IAV的NA活性。图(B)为3次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差;图(F)为5次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差。*:P<0.001。
图8的数据阐述糖化修饰对NA的热稳定性及IAV的型态的影响。(A):特定WSN NA突变株无法切割3’-唾液乳糖(3’-sialyllactose,3-SL)。(B):利用4-MUNANA分析温度对特定病毒的NA活性的影响。(C):利用抗-NA抗体进行Western Blot法来分析44-72-G及44-72-219-G病毒。该些病毒经糖苷内切酶混合物后(F1、F2、F3及H)处理。(D):利用穿透式电子显微镜观察44-G NA的病毒型态。(E):利用电子显微镜观察72-G NA的病毒型态。(F):利用电子显微镜观察44-72-G NA的病毒型态。图(B)为5次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差。*:P<0.001。
图9的数据阐述糖化修饰对LAIV的NA免疫力的影响。(A):以WSN、LAIV WSN-44-72-219-G或PBS免疫化小鼠后,再以致死剂量的H5N1病毒接种该小鼠后的存活率。(B):在小鼠中测试WT IAV及特定LAIV变异株的免疫力。以失活的WT IAV及特定LAIV变异株免疫化小鼠,取其抗血清进行血球凝集抑制试验。(C):以特定病毒免疫化小鼠后,利用神经氨酸酶抑制分析法检测该小鼠的NA抗体效价。以WSN免疫化的小鼠,其血清的半抑制浓度(IC50)为每毫升4.3微克,而以LAIV WSN-44-72-219-G免疫化者为每毫升3.2微克。图(A)为5次独立试验结果;图(B)及(C)为5次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差。
图10的数据阐述LAIV WSN-NA病毒为有效的低致病性疫苗。(A):以WSN及LAIVWSN-NA病毒分别感染WT MDCK及会表达NA的MDCK(MDCK+NA)后,比较溶菌斑形成情形。(B):利用抗-NA及抗-β-肌动蛋白等抗体进行Western Blot法来分析MDCK+NA细胞的NA表达。(C):以MOI为3的病毒感染A549细胞后,于特定时间点测定特定病毒效价。(D):利用抗-M1及抗-β-肌动蛋白等抗体进行Western Blot法来分析A549细胞中的M1病毒蛋白表达量。该A549细胞系经特定病毒感染。(E):以WSN或特定LAIV WSN-NA病毒感染小鼠后的存活率。(F):小鼠感染特定病毒后14天的体重变化。图(C)为3次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差;图(E)为5次独立试验结果;图(F)为5次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差。*:P<0.001。
图11的数据比较宿主对失活的WSN及WSN-NA病毒的免疫反应。(A):以特定失活的病毒免疫化小鼠后,再以致死剂量的WSN病毒接种该小鼠后的存活率。(B):以特定病毒免疫化小鼠后,再以致死剂量的H5N1病毒接种该小鼠后的存活率。(C):以特定病毒免疫化小鼠后,利用神经氨酸酶抑制分析法检测小鼠的NA抗体效价。以WSN病毒免疫化的小鼠,其血清的IC50为每毫升5.2微克,而以WSN-NA病毒免疫化的小鼠为每毫升4.7微克。图(A)及(B)为10次独立试验结果;图(C)为10次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差。
图12的数据阐述LAIV WSN-NA处理的跨株系保护力。(A):以WSN、LAIV WSN-NA或PBS免疫化小鼠后,再以致死剂量的WSN病毒接种该小鼠后的存活率。(B):以特定方式处理小鼠后,于感染后第4天及第6天于其肺部观察WSN病毒复制动态。(C):以WSN、LAIV WSN-NA或PBS免疫化小鼠后,再以致死剂量的A/Cal/07/2009(H1N1)病毒接种该小鼠后的存活率。(D):以特定方式处理小鼠后,于感染后第4天及第6天于其肺部观察A/Cal/07/2009病毒复制动态。(E):以H5N1及WSN接种小鼠后,分析LAIV WSN-NA剂量与小鼠存活率的关系。(F):失活的WSN病毒对在CD8+T细胞中INF-γ表达的影响。以活的WSN、LAIV WSN-NA及PBS免疫化小鼠后取其CD8+T细胞,并利用流式细胞仪分析。(G):利用抗-颗粒酶B及抗-β-肌动蛋白等抗体进行Western Blot法来分析颗粒酶B表达。以LAIV WSN-NA免疫化小鼠后取其CD8+T细胞,该细胞分别与活的WSN病毒(+virus)、NP(+NP)或M1(+M1)等抗原决定位作用后进行WesternBlot法分析。图(A)、(C)及(E)为10次独立试验结果;图(B)及(D)为3次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差;图(F)的实验数据来自3次具代表性的相似实验。*:P<0.001。
图13的数据阐述M2糖化修饰IAV复制的影响。(A):M2域结构示意图;以重点标示其糖化位点。M2的糖化位点序列为NDS。利用逆向遗传工程将N改为G或将S改为I。(B):比较特定IAV变异株感染MDCK细胞后的病毒复制率。该病毒MOI为0.01,并于感染24小时后,利用溶菌斑检定分析测定病毒效价。本图为3次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差。
图14的数据阐述NA活性对病毒释出的影响。(A):10种含不同修饰的NA的IAV示意图。糖化位点如图所示;AS1构建载体含R102A突变,其使活性位置1失去活性;AS2构建载体含D135A突变,其使活性位置2失去活性;N为细胞质域N端;TM为穿膜域。全部的重组病毒皆经基因体测序确认。(B):以MOI为3的特定病毒变异株感染A549细胞后的病毒效价。于感染后8小时及24小时收集细胞培养液。(C):细胞内的病毒RNA量。如图(B)所述的病毒感染A549细胞后,取其全细胞溶胞物进行检测。(D):利用抗-NA、抗-NP、抗-M1及抗-β-肌动蛋白等抗体进行Western Blot法来分析NA、N及M1蛋白表达量。如图(B)所述的病毒感染A549细胞后,取其全细胞溶胞物进行检测。图(B)及(C)为3次独立试验所得的平均值±标准差。
图15的数据比较宿主对LAIV WSN-NA及WSN-NA-AS1病毒的免疫反应。以1×106PFU的WSN、LAIV WSN-NA、WSN-NA-AS1或非致死剂量的WSN(WSN(UL))等病毒感染小鼠后,记录14天的存活率(A)及体重(B)。(C):以特定方式处理小鼠后,取其抗血清进行血球凝集抑制试验分析。(D):以特定IAV变异株感染小鼠后,于感染后第4天于其肺部观察病毒复制动态。(E):以WSN(UL)、LAIV WSN-NA、WSN-NA-AS1或PBS处理小鼠后,再以致死剂量的H5N1病毒接种该小鼠后的存活率。图(A)、(B)及(E)为10次独立试验结果;图(C)及(D)为3次独立试验结果。
实施方式
现今万用流行性感冒疫苗发展多专注于使用保守序列的多肽或蛋白作为抗原,并混和不同的佐剂及投予方法以引发免疫反应。然而,使用保守序列的多肽或蛋白,经常因残存致病性病毒而有安全性的顾虑,及/或仅能对抗单一种流行性感冒株系而局限了所诱发的免疫反应。本揭示内容目的在于克服这些限制,其至少一部份可经由开发具有强化免疫力的HA及NA免疫肽变异体来达成。这类的HA及/或NA变异体能引发广效地对抗各种流行性感冒病毒株的免疫反应,而有益于制备万用流行性感冒疫苗。
因此,本揭示内容提供了具有强化免疫力的HA及NA变异体、含该变异体的流行性感冒病毒颗粒、包含该流行性感冒病毒颗粒或HA/NA变异体的免疫组合物,以及其于引发免疫反应以对抗流行性感冒病毒的用途。
I.血球凝集素(Hemagglutinin,HA)变异体
HA是一种发现于流行性感冒病毒表面的糖蛋白。HA负责使病毒结合至呼吸道及红血球细胞上,该细胞的细胞膜具有唾液酸。HA蛋白经常受到后转译修饰(post-translationally modification),例如附加(addition)多糖至位于Asn-Xaa-Ser/Thr的共有基序(consensus motif)的多个Asn残基上(即,N-糖化修饰)。此具有N-糖化修饰的Asn残基,在此称为糖化位点或N-糖化修饰位点。
举例而言,A型流行性感冒病毒A/WSN/1933(H1N1)的野生型HA具有如SEQ ID NO:3所示的氨基酸序列。以粗体标示该野生型HA的糖化位点(Asn或N残基)。
SEQ ID NO:3
本领域技术人员熟知其他野生型HA抗原,例如H1、H2或H3等HA抗原,且可自公开的基因资料库(例如GenBank)获得其氨基酸序列。可经由比对其氨基酸序列与上文提供为例示的序列(SEQ ID NO:3)而辨识出特定的野生型HA亚型的糖化位点。
本揭示内容所述的HA变异体可衍生自任一种本领域技术人员所熟知的野生型HA亚型,例如H1、H2或H3等HA抗原。这类的HA变异体保有一或多个糖化位点,惟相较于野生型HA,该些HA变异体具有一或多个糖化位点突变,致使无N-糖化修饰发生于该突变位点上(aglycosylated)。举例而言,本揭示内容所述的HA变异体在相当于SEQ ID NO:3的第142残基位置(下同SEQ ID NO:1的第142残基位置)保有该Asn残基(即糖化位点),且非必要地在相当于SEQ ID NO:3的第27残基位置(下同SEQ ID NO:1的第27残基位置)保有该Asn残基,而在相当于SEQ ID NO:3的第285、497及556残基位置(下同SEQ ID NO:1的第285、497及556残基位置)的一或多个Asn残基发生突变。因此,本揭示内容所述的HA变异体可在相当于SEQID NO:3(或SEQ ID NO:1)的第142残基位置,及非必要地于第27残基位置的Asn残基上具糖化修饰,而在相当于SEQ ID NO:3(或SEQ ID NO:1)的第285、497及/或556残基位置的突变糖化位点则不具糖化修饰。
「突变的」(mutated)或「突变」(mutation)一词,是指任一种类的突变,例如附加(addition)、缺失(deletion)或氨基酸置换(substitution)。在某些实例中,在相当于SEQID NO:3或SEQ ID NO:1的第285、497及556残基位置可缺失一或多个Asn残基。在其他实例中,可置换该一或多个Asn残基成其他氨基酸残基(例如Ala或Gly)。在某些实施例中,本揭示内容所述的HA变异体的三个糖化位点中,其一可突变。在其他实施例中,该HA变异体的三个糖化位点中,其二可突变,例如285+497、285+556或497+556。在另一实施例中,三个糖化位点全部突变(例如置换)。
「一个序列X的残基在相当于序列Y的第a残基位置」(A residue in sequence Xcorresponding to position a in sequence Y)一词,是指当序列X及Y利用本领域技术人员所熟知的比对工具(例如)排列后,该残基位于序列X的相对位置a。
以下为本揭示内容例示性的HA变异体的氨基酸序列。其他例示性的HA变异体在本揭示内容的别处亦有提供,例如在下文的实施例中。
SEQ ID NO:1(HA 285-497-556-G)
HA变异体包含一氨基酸序列,其与野生型HA抗原(例如SEQ ID NO:3)具有至少85%(例如90%、95%、97%、98%或99%)的序列相似度,且含有上文所述的突变糖化位点。如本领域技术人员所熟知的,「序列相似度」(sequence identity)一词是指经序列比对(即排列)后,二个多肽之间的关联性。在本领域中,相似度亦表示为二个序列之间的序列关联程度,其取决于一连串二个或二个以上彼此吻合的氨基酸残基数量。相似度为衡量二个或二个以上较小的序列之间一致相符的百分比,其经由特殊的数学运算模式或电脑软件(例如演算法,algorithms)进行间隙排列(若有需要时)计算结果。亦可轻易地使用已知的方法计算关联肽的相似度。可用发表于Karlin and Altschul Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 87:2264-68,1990的演算法检测二个氨基酸序列的「相似度百分比」(percent identity),其中该演算法进一步于Karlin and Altschul Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 90:5873-77,1993发表修正版本。发表于Altschul,et al.J.Mol.Biol.215:403-10,1990的及程式(第二版)采用该演算法。可用XBLAST程式执行蛋白搜寻,条件设定为比分=50、字长=3,以获得与本揭示内容的蛋白分子同源的氨基酸序列。二条序列之间存在间隙时,可用Gapped其详细说明在Altschul et al.,Nucleic AcidsRes.25(17):3389-3402,1997。当使用及Gapped程式时,能利用各自程式(例如及)的预设参数。基于Smith–Waterman演算法(Smith,T.F.&Waterman,M.S.(1981)“Identification of common molecular subsequences.”J.Mol.Biol.147:195-197)的排列方法为另一种热门的局部排列方法。基于动态程式设计的一般全域排列方法,为Needleman–Wunsch演算法(Needleman,S.B.&Wunsch,C.D.(1970)“A general method applicable to the search for similarities in the amino acidsequences of two proteins.”J.Mol.Biol.48:443-453)。更进期地,已发展快速最适全域序列比对演算法(Fast Optimal Global Sequence Alignment Algorithm,FOGSAA),据信其相较于其他包含Needleman–Wunsch演算法在内的最适性全域排列方法,能更快地给出全域核苷酸及蛋白序列比对结果。
除本揭示内容所述的糖化位点突变之外,本揭示内容所述的HA变异体相较于野生型HA,可包含一或多个保守氨基酸置换。本领域技术人员能理解HA变异体的保守氨基酸置换,可令其成为功能均等的变异体,例如该变异体仍保有该特定HA变异体的功能能力。在此所述的「保守氨基酸置换」(conservative amino acid substitution)一词,指一种氨基酸置换,其不改变具有该氨基酸置换的蛋白的相对电荷或大小等特征。可依照本领域技术人员所熟知的改变多肽序列的方法制备各样的变异体,其中该方法可见于汇编这类方法的参考资料中,例如Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual,J.Sambrook,et al.,eds.,Second Edition,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,Cold Spring Harbor,NewYork,1989或Current Protocols in Molecular Biology,F.M.Ausubel,et al.,eds.,John Wiley&Sons,Inc.,New York。氨基酸的保守置换,包含下列群组的各组内的氨基酸置换:(a)M、I、L、V;(b)F、Y、W;(c)K、R、H;(d)A、G;(e)S、T;(f)Q、N及(g)E、D。
为制备本揭示内容所述的HA变异体,可选择特定野生型HA亚型抗原,并经由常规的氨基酸序列排列而得出其上相当于上文标注的各糖化位点。接着,可引进各种突变(例如置换氨基酸残基)至该野生型HA编码序列中一或多个相当于SEQ ID NO:3或SEQ ID NO:1的第285、497及556残基位置的糖化位点,以获得该HA变异体。
可经由常规的重组技术将任一种本揭示内容所述的HA变异体编码序列并入一表达载体中以制备该HA变异体。在某些实例中,可将该HA变异体编码序列嵌入病毒载体以制造含该HA变异体的A型流行性感冒病毒颗粒。
II.神经氨酸酶(NA)变异体
神经氨酸酶(NA)是一种发现于流行性感冒病毒表面的糖蛋白。NA酶切宿主呼吸道及红血球细胞的唾液酸,以利病毒颗粒释出而促进感染周遭细胞。
NA蛋白包含一N端域、一穿膜域、一茎柄域及一催化域。与HA蛋白相类似的是,NA蛋白经常受到后转译修饰,将其糖化位点进行N-糖化修饰。NA蛋白亦包含数个「活性位置」(active site)残基,该活性位置是执行催化活性所必须。
举例而言,A型流行性感冒病毒株A/WSN/1933(H1N1)的野生型NA具有如SEQ IDNO:4所述的氨基酸序列。
SEQ ID NO:4
野生型NA的第44、72及219残基位置(如SEQ ID NO:4中所示)是糖化位点(Asn或N残基),并以粗体标示。第102R、135D、262E、277R、352R、386Y及409E残基位置(如SEQ ID NO:4中所示)是例示性的活性位置,并以粗体标示。N端及穿膜域(提供于以下SEQ ID NO:5中)同SEQ ID NO:4中以斜体标示的部分。野生型NA的茎柄域(提供于以下SEQ ID NO:6中)同SEQ ID NO:4中以底线标示的部分。催化域(提供于以下SEQ ID NO:7中)位于野生型NA的C端。
N端–穿膜域(SEQ ID NO:5):
MNPNQKI ITI GS ICMVVGI I SLILQIGNI
茎柄域(SEQ ID NO:6):
I SIWISHS IQT GNQNHTGICN QGS ITYKVVA GQDSTSVILT GNSS
催化域(SEQ ID NO:7;以粗体标示活性位置残基):
本领域技术人员熟知其他野生型NA亚型(例如N1、N2或N3等),可自公开的基因资料库(例如GenBank)获得其氨基酸序列。可经由比对其氨基酸序列与上文提供为例示的序列(SEQ ID NO:4)而辨识出上文所述的野生型NA蛋白的糖化位点及功能域(例如N端及穿膜域、茎柄域及催化域),以及位于催化域的活性位置/残基等。
本揭示内容所述的NA变异体可衍生自任一种本领域技术人员所熟知的野生型NA亚型,例如N1、N2或N3等NA亚型。这类的NA变异体在一或多个活性位置及/或一或多个N-糖化修饰位点可具有突变(例如附加、缺失或氨基酸置换),致使相较于野生型NA而言,该变异体的NA活性有缺损。有关本揭示内容所述的NA变异体活性「有缺损」(defective)一词,是指NA变异体的生物活性相较于野生型NA而言,发生实质性减损。举例而言,利用相同的或实质相仿的分析方法,在相同的或实质相仿的条件下检测时,NA变异体的活性低于野生型NA活性的30%(例如,少于20%、少于10%或少于5%)。在某些实施例中,本揭示内容所述的NA变异体的生物活性是使用常规分析方法,及/或本揭示内容所述的分析方法也无法侦测的程度。
可利用诸如2-(4-甲基伞形酮)-α-D-N-乙酰神经氨酸(2-(4-methylumbelliferyl)-α-D-N-acetylneuraminic acid,4-MUNANA)萤光分析法检测(如下文实施例2所示)等本领域技术人员所熟知的测量方法来检测NA的活性。其他测量NA活性的方法,包括测定NA基质专一性的分析方法。举例而言,可利用4-甲基伞型酮-N-乙酰神经胺酸(4-methylumbelliferyl-N-acetylneuraminic acid,4-Muα-NeuAc)、6’-唾液酸-N-乳糖胺(6’-sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine,6-SLN)、3’-唾液酸-N-乳糖胺(3’-sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine,3-SLN)、3’-唾液乳糖(3’-sialyllactose,3-SL)及6’-唾液乳糖(6’-sialyllactose,6-SL)测定NA基质专一性。NA酶切基质的动态变化,可用与N-乙酰甘露糖胺(N-acetylmannosamine,ManNAc)去氢酶及唾液酸醛缩酶作用来测定(如下文实施例2所示)。
在某些实例中,本揭示内容所述的NA变异体于一或多个N-糖化修饰位点(例如本揭示内容所述的位点)具有一或多个突变,并可经由常规的方法及/或以下本揭示内容所述的方法辨识出该些突变。例示性的N-糖化修饰位点包含相当于SEQ ID NO:4的第44、72及219残基位置(Asn残基)。举例而言,可缺失一或多个N-糖化修饰位点(例如第44、72及/或219残基位置)。在其他实例中,可将一或多个这类的N-糖化修饰位点置换成其他氨基酸(例如Ala或Gly)。在某些实施例中,本揭示内容所述的NA变异体的数个糖化位点中(例如44、72或219),其一可置换。在其他实施例中,该NA变异体的数个糖化位点中,其二可置换(例如44+72、72+219或44+219)。在另一实施例中,三个糖化位点全部置换(例如44+72+219)。
以下为本揭示内容例示性的,具有一或多个糖化位点突变的NA变异体的氨基酸序列。相较于野生型NA,以粗体标示氨基酸置换位置:
NA 44-G(SEQ ID NO:8,以粗体标示第44残基位置的置换):
NA 72-G(SEQ ID NO:9,以粗体标示第72残基位置的置换):
NA 44-72-G(SEQ ID NO:10,以粗体标示第44及72残基位置的置换):
NA 44-72-219-G(SEQ ID NO:11,以粗体标示第44、72及219残基位置的置换):
或是或除此外,本揭示内容所述的NA变异体可于一或多个本领域技术人员所熟知及/或本揭示内容所述的活性位置,包含一或多个突变(例如缺失、附加或氨基酸置换)。例示性的活性位置,包括相当于SEQ ID NO:4的第102、135、262、277、352、386及409残基位置。举例而言,可置换NA变异体相当于SEQ ID NO:4的第102及/或135残基位置成其他氨基酸(例如Ala或Gly)。
以下为二例示性的具有活性位置突变的NA变异体的氨基酸序列。相较于野生型NA,以粗体标示氨基酸置换位置:
WSN-NA AS1(SEQ ID NO:12,以粗体标示第102残基位置的置换):
WSN-NA AS2(SEQ ID NO:13,以粗体标示第135残基位置的置换):
WSN-NA-G388A(SEQ ID NO:14,以粗体标示第388残基位置的置换):
在某些实施例中,本揭示内容所述的NA变异体可包含一氨基酸序列,其与野生型NA蛋白(例如,SEQ ID NO:4)具有至少85%(例如90%、95%、97%、98%或99%)的序列相似度。这类的变异体可于本揭示内容所述的一或多个糖化位点及/或于一或多个活性位置包含一或多个突变。此外,该NA变异体可更包含一或多个氨基酸置换,举例而言,于适当位点(例如相当于SEQ ID NO:4的第388残基位置)置换保守氨基酸残基。
在某些实施方式中,本揭示内容所述的NA变异体可为一种野生型NA的截断形式,其具有茎柄域或其部分、催化域或其部分,或二者皆缺失。在其他实例中,该NA变异体可缺失一部分的茎柄域,及/或缺失一部分的催化域,致使其丧失一或多个活性位置。或是或除此外,该NA变异体可缺失一部分的茎柄域,及/或缺失一部分的催化域,致使其丧失一或多个糖化修饰位点。在一实施例中,该NA变异体可缺失全部的催化域(例如相当于SEQ ID NO:4的第75残基位置至第453残基位置的区域)。在另一实施例中,该NA变异体可缺失全部的催化域及茎柄域二者(例如相当于SEQ ID NO:4的第30残基位置至第453残基位置的区域)。
以下为本揭示内容所述的二例示性的NA变异体的截断形式的氨基酸序列:
LAIV WSN-NA(SEQ ID NO:2;缺失全部的茎柄域及催化域二者):
MNPNQKIITI GSICMVVGII SLILQIGNII
WSN-NA-CD(SEQ ID NO:15;缺失全部的催化域):
MNPNQKIITI GSICMVVGII SLILQIGNII SIWISHSIQT GNQNHTGICN QGSITYKVVAGQDSTSVILT GNSS
为制备本揭示内容所述的NA变异体,可选择特定野生型NA亚型蛋白,可经由常规的氨基酸序列排列而找出其对应于上文标注的糖化位点及/或活性位置。可引进各种突变(例如置换氨基酸残基或缺失)至野生型NA编码序列中的一或多个糖化位点及/或活性位置。举例而言,使用定点突变技术或CRISPR基因剪辑系统方法,在特定序列上产生突变。在另一实施例中,可引进终止密码至NA蛋白编码序列的特定位置,据以制备本揭示内容所述的NA变异体的截断型。
可经由常规技术将任一种本揭示内容所述的NA变异体编码序列嵌入一表达载体,如病毒载体,以制备包含该NA变异体的A型流行性感冒病毒颗粒。
III.流行性感冒病毒颗粒
本揭示内容有关于A型流行性感冒病毒(Influenza A virus,IAV)颗粒,其包含任一种本揭示内容所述的HA变异体及/或NA变异体。本揭示内容所述的IAV颗粒可为任一种A型流行性感冒病毒亚型,其可为活性(live,viable)减毒病毒或有缺损的病毒。
可藉由病毒表面的蛋白:血球凝集素(Hemagglutinin,HA)特征化(characterized)A型流行性感冒病毒亚型,并以H数字标示,例如H1、H3和H5等。另外,可更藉由另一种病毒表面的蛋白:神经氨酸酶(Neuraminidase,NA)特征化该亚型,以N数字标示,例如N1及N2等。如此,可用H及N数字指称一种亚型,例如H1N1、H5N1及H5N2等。H1N1 IAV即为一株具有HA蛋白H1及NA蛋白N1的亚型。如在另一实施例中,H5N1 IAV即为一株具有HA蛋白H5及NA蛋白N1的亚型。
活性减毒病毒指一种修饰过的(modified)的病毒(例如基因性修饰、化学性修饰或物理性修饰),藉此使其相较于野生型病毒呈现较少的毒力。一般而言,活性减毒病毒于适当的宿主中仍保有自我复制及组装的能力。举例而言,利用相同的或实质相仿的分析方法,在相同的或实质相仿的条件下检测时,重组的活性减毒病毒毒力低于野生型病毒的50%(例如40%、30%、20%、10%或更少)。在某些实施例中,该活性减毒病毒可为完全失活,例如其毒力使用常规分析方法或本揭示内容所述的分析方法也无法侦测。可肇因于引进一或多个突变至HA抗原或NA抗原而造成病毒毒力减低。举例而言,相当于SEQ ID NO:1或SEQ ID NO:3的第142残基位置(糖化位点142)的HA糖化位点上,或非必要地相当于SEQ IDNO:1或SEQ ID NO:3的第27残基位置(糖化位点27)的HA糖化位点上的糖化修饰对HA的生物活性很重要,有助于使带有这类HA的IAV具有致病性。因此,HA的糖化位点142或糖化位点27有糖化修饰的IAV,为安全上的考量,可能需要经减毒或灭活处理,该处理可经由常规方法(例如本领域技术人员所熟知的方法,及/或本揭示内容所述的方法)进行。一或多个突变在相当于SEQ ID NO:1或SEQ ID NO:3的第285、497及556残基位置等糖化位点,从而消除一或多个其上的糖化修饰,有助于强化这类IAV颗粒的免疫力,其可肇因于有更多的HA保守区域暴露于宿主的免疫系统所造成。然而,在这些糖化位点上的突变对病毒复制率鲜少造成影响或甚至没有影响。可参照下文实施例或Wu et al.,PNAS114(2):280-285,2017。
在其他实施方式中,本揭示内容所述的IAV病毒可为有缺损的病毒,在缺乏辅助病毒或对复制及/或病毒颗粒组装必要的病毒组件下,其于适当的宿主中仍无法自我复制及/或组装。举例而言,包含本揭示内容所述的NA变异体的IAV颗粒缺乏神经氨酸酶酶活性,该病毒颗粒至少在组装上有缺损。包含这类NA变异体的IAV颗粒,可在有功能的NA存在下制备。这些IAV颗粒为制备活性减毒流行性感冒疫苗组合物的优越的候选物,因其在缺乏中和性抗体下,可活化IAV专一性CD8+T细胞,而可辨识各种流行性感冒病毒株及其亚型。可参照下方实施例或Wu et al.,2017。
可经由病毒复制率、病毒进入宿主,及/或个体(宿主)感染病毒后的存活率检测病毒毒力。如实施例1中所述,可利用溶菌斑检定分析法测定病毒复制率,其是测量病毒效价。可藉由感染分析法测定(如实施例1中所述)病毒进入宿主的情形。实施例1提供一例示性的宿主存活率分析结果。个体的实例包含人类(human)、小鼠(mouse)、猪(pig)、牛(cow)、大鼠(rat)、狗(dog)、豚鼠(guinea pig)、仓鼠(hamster)、兔(rabbit)、猫(cat)、山羊(goat)、绵羊(sheep)、猴子(monkey)、马(horse)或鸟(bird)。
可藉由本领域技术人员所熟知的方法来制备活性减毒病毒,诸如于组织培养或鸡蛋中将病毒过继至数代而找出毒力较低的株系。亦可藉由化学或物理处理方式来制备活性减毒病毒。
在某些实例中,可依照常规步骤,并利用适当的宿主细胞株(例如HEK293T、MDCK、A549、CHO或Vero细胞)来制备本揭示内容所述的IAV颗粒。可将一或多个译码病毒组件的表达载体(例如病毒载体)引进至适当的宿主细胞,在适当的条件下培养据以制备IAV颗粒,其中该病毒组件包括一或多个本揭示内容所述的HA及/或NA变异体等。必要时,可利用辅助病毒来协助IAV颗粒的复制及/或组装。或者,可利用宿主细胞株制备一或多个必要病毒组件(essential viral components)以利病毒基因体复制及/或病毒颗粒组装。可藉由常规方法收集细胞培养的上清液中的病毒颗粒。依此取得的病毒颗粒可藉由本领域技术人员所熟知的方法或本揭示内容所述的方法,以适当宿主(例如宿主细胞或无特定病原体(SpecificPathogen-Free,SPF)的鸡蛋)进一步扩增。
在某些实施例中,可进一步利用本领域技术人员所熟知的化学或物理方法对IAV颗粒进行减毒处理。举例而言,可利用化学处理方式将病毒灭活,包含但不限于甲醛(formaldehyde)、β-丙内酯(betapropiolactone,BPL)、二元乙烯亚胺(binaryethylenimine,BEI)、硫柳汞(merthiolate)、戊二醛(glutaraldehyde)、十二烷基硫酸钠(sodium dodecyl sulfate)或其组合。或是或除此外,可利用热力(heat)、UV照射(UVirradiation)、极端pH值(extreme pH),和冷冻-解冻循环(freeze-thaw cycles)或本领域技术人员所熟知的其他方法将病毒灭活。
可选择性地将重组IAV悬浮在稀释液中以利后续使用。例示性的稀释液包含:水(water)、生理食盐水(saline)、葡萄糖(dextrose)、丙醇(propanol)、乙醇(ethanol)、甘露醇(mannitol)、山梨糖醇(sorbitol)、乳糖(lactose)、淀粉(starch)、乳糖醇(lactitol)、麦芽糊精(maltodextrin)、甘油(glycerol)、木糖醇(xylitol)、海藻糖(trehalose)、矿物油(mineral oil)、植物油(vegetable oil)、氯化钠(sodium chloride)、碳酸钠(sodiumcarbonate)、碳酸氢钠(sodium bicarbonate)、氯化钾(potassium chloride)、磷酸氢钙(dicalcium phosphate)、碳酸钙(calcium carbonate)、硫酸钙二水合物(calciumsulphate dehydrate)和碳酸镁(magnesium carbonate)。
免疫组合物
在某些方面中,本揭示内容中提供一种免疫组合物(例如疫苗),其包含:(i)任一种本揭示内容所述的重组IAV病毒、HA及/或NA变异体,以及(ii)一药学上可接受的载体,其中该载体可为一佐剂。在本揭示内容中,「免疫组合物」(immunogenic composition)一词,可指当接种宿主后,具有激发该宿主免疫反应的组合物,其能完全地或部分地保护该宿主对抗一种疾病(例如IAV感染),或减少其症状(例如发烧、充血及/或头痛)。在某些实施方式中,本揭示内容所述的免疫组合物包含本揭示内容所述的IAV颗粒。在其他实施方式中,本揭示内容所述的免疫组合物包含任一种本揭示内容所述的HA变异体及/或NA变异体。这类的免疫组合物可作为预防性或治疗性药剂,以治疗特定病状。
除非本说明书另有定义,否则在本揭示内容中,「抗原」(antigen)或「抗原性介质」(antigenic agent)一词是指任一种在导入免疫健全的人类或动物体后,可以激发体液免疫或细胞免疫反应的介质。抗原可为纯物质、混合物、特定材料或活的、减毒的病毒。例示性的适当抗原包括:蛋白(protein)、糖蛋白(glycoprotein)、多肽(polypeptide)和病毒(virus)。
可藉由常规步骤来侦测由本揭示内容所述的免疫组合物所激发的免疫反应。举例而言,可利用抗体-图谱相关技术分析(例如酶免疫分析法(Enzyme-Linked ImmunosorbentAssay,ELISA)、酶免疫分析(Enzyme Immunoassay,EIA)、放射免疫分析(Radioimmunoassay,RIA))、毒杀性T淋巴细胞活性分析(cytotoxic T-lymphocyteassays)及/或本领域技术人员所熟知的其他方法来决定CD8+T细胞受到激发对抗抗原的程度,进而检测受到激发的免疫反应。
可经由常规方法来制备免疫组合物。例示性的药学上可接受的载体包含:生理食盐水、碳酸氢钠溶液及/或佐剂。可依药物投予模式及路径,以及正规的药学步骤等因素选择载体。适当的药学上的载体及稀释液,及药学上使用药物的必要性,详述在Remington’sPharmaceutical Sciences,18th edition,Mack Publishing Co.,Easton,Pa(1990)。该组合物亦包含可在活体内传输药物的聚合物。可参照Audran R.et al.Vaccine 21:1250-5,2003;and Denis-Mize et al.Cell Immunol.,225:12-20,2003。
在本揭示内容中的「佐剂」(adjuvant)一词,是指任一种物质或物质的混合物,其可强化(enhances)、增加(increases)、上调(upwardly modulates)或多样化(diversifies)对抗一抗原的免疫反应(例如体液免疫或细胞免疫反应)。举例而言,佐剂可包括弗氏完全佐剂(complete Freund’s adjuvant,FA)、弗氏不完全佐剂(incompleteFreund’s adjuvant,IFA)、矿物凝胶(mineral gel)(例如氢氧化铝(aluminum hydroxide)或磷化铝(aluminum phosphate))、表面活性物质(surface active substance,例如溶血卵磷脂)、复合多元醇(pluronic polyol)、多聚阴离子(polyanion)、肽(peptide)、油乳化剂(oil emulsion)、烃乳化剂(hydrocarbon emulsion)、钥孔血蓝素(keyhole limpethemocyanin)、硫脂环糊精(sulfolipo-cyclodextrin,SL-CD)及皂素(例如Quil A,奎尔A)。在其他实施例中,必要时,佐剂可为霍乱毒素(cholera toxin)、大肠杆菌热不稳定肠毒素(heat-labile enterotoxin,LT)、脂质体(liposome)、免疫-激发复合物(immune-stimulating complex,ISCOM),或免疫激发序列寡去氧核苷酸(immunostimulatorysequences oligodeoxynucleotides,ISS-ODN)。
如本领域技术人员所熟知的,免疫组合物可更包含pH调节物,其可为醋酸(aceticacid)、硼酸(boric acid)、碳酸(carbonic acid)、铬酸(chromic acid)、柠檬酸(citricacid)、乳酸(lactic acid)、盐酸(hydrochloric acid)、酒石酸(tartaric acid)、丙酸(propionic acid)、苹果酸(malic acid)、磷酸(phosphoric acid)、氢氧化铵(ammoniumhydroxide)、碳酸铵(ammonium carbonate)、乙胺(ethylamine)、二甲胺(dimethylamine)、甘氨酸(giycine)、甲胺(methylamine)、三甲胺(trimethylamine)、二乙醇胺(diethanolamine)、碳酸氢钠(sodium bicarbonate)、硼酸钠(sodium borate)、氢氧化钠(sodium hydroxide)、肼(hydrazine)、单乙醇胺(monoethanolamine)、氢氧化钾(potassium hydroxide)、磷酸钠(sodium phosphate)、三乙醇胺(trolamine),或其组合。
在某些实施例中,本揭示内容的免疫组合物可更包含防腐剂。适当的例示性防腐剂包括氯化十六烷吡啶(cetylpyridinium chloride)、苯扎氯铵(benzalkoniumchloride)、苯甲醇(benzyl alcohol)、氯己定(chlorhexidine)、咪唑烷基脲(imidazolidinyl urea)、苯酚(phenol)、山梨酸钾(potassium sorbate)、苯甲酸(benzoicacid)、溴硝丙二醇(bronopol)、氯甲酚(chlorocresol)、对羟基苯甲酸酯(parabenesters)、苯氧乙醇(phenoxyethanol)、山梨酸(sorbic acid)、alpha-生育酚(alpha-tocophernol)、抗坏血酸(ascorbic acid)、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯(ascorbyl palmitate)、丁基羟基茴香醚(butylated hydroxyanisole)、丁基化羟基甲苯(butylatedhydroxytoluene)、抗坏血酸钠(sodium ascorbate)、焦亚硫酸钠(sodiummetabisulphite)、柠檬酸(citric acid)、乙二胺四乙酸(edetic acid)及其组合。
本领域技术人员所熟知的制备免疫组合物(如疫苗)的方法,如例示于U.S.Patents 4,601,903、4,599,231、4,599,230及4,596,792等文献。可将疫苗制备成注射针剂(injectables),如水溶液(liquid solutions)或乳化剂(emulsions)。本揭示内容的重组病毒或HA肽可选择性地与生理上可接受及可相容的赋形剂混和。赋形剂包括水(water)、生理食盐水(saline)、葡萄糖(dextrose)、甘油(glycerol)、乙醇(ethanol)及其组合。疫苗可包含少量添加物,例如润湿剂(wetting agents)或乳化剂(emulsifyingagents),pH缓冲剂(pH buffering agents),或可强化疫苗效力的佐剂。用以使免疫组合物产生佐剂功效的方法包括,使用诸如氢氧化铝(aluminum hydroxide)或磷酸盐(矾)(phosphate)(alum)等药剂,以生理食盐水配制成一般使用浓度0.05至0.1%。
可将本揭示内容所述的药学组合物(pharmaceutical compositions)配制成不同剂型,以用于各种常规投药路径。举例而言,可制成胶囊(capsule)、胶封(gel seal)或锭剂(seal)以利口服。胶囊可包含任何常规药学上可接受的物质诸如明胶(gelatin)或纤维素(cellulose)等。可藉由组合物的压缩混合物(compressing mixtures of thecomposition)、固型载体(solid carrier)及滑润剂(lubricant)等常规制程来配制锭剂。例示性的固型载体包括淀粉(starch)及糖膨润土(sugar bentonite)等。可藉由硬壳锭剂(hard shell tablet)或包含粘合剂(binder,如乳糖(lactose)或甘露醇(mannitol)、常规填料(conventional filler)及制锭药剂(tableting agent)等)的胶囊形式投予该组合物。可经由非口服路径投予该药学组合物。例示性的非口服剂型包括水溶液(aqueoussolutions)、等渗性生理食盐水(isotonic saline)或含5%葡萄糖的活性剂(5%glucoseof the active agent)或其他常见的药学上可接受的赋形剂。可利用环糊精(cyclodextrins)或其他本领域技术人员所熟知的增溶剂作为药学上的赋形剂,藉以传输治疗药剂。
针剂组合物(injectable compositions)可包含各样的载体,诸如植物油(vegetable oils)、二甲基乙酰胺(dimethylactamide)、二甲基甲酰胺(dimethyformamide)、乳酸乙酯(ethyl lactate)、碳酸乙酯(ethyl carbonate)、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯(isopropyl myristate)、乙醇(ethanol),及多元醇(polyols)(甘油(glycerol)、丙二醇(propylene glycol)、液态聚乙二醇(liquid polyethylene glycol)及其类似物)等。就静脉注射而言,可藉由点滴方式投予水溶性抗体,其同时灌注包含IAV颗粒或HA及/或NA变异体及生理上可接受的赋形剂的药学组合物。生理上可接受的赋形剂可包括例如5%葡萄糖溶液(5%dextrose)、0.9%生理食盐水(0.9%saline)、林格氏注射液(Ringer’ssolution)或其他适当的赋形剂。可将肌肉内注射针剂(例如抗体的无菌可溶盐类形式)溶解并投予在诸如注射用水溶液、0.9%生理食盐水或5%葡萄糖溶液等药学上的赋形剂中。
治疗上的应用
可利用任一种本揭示内容所述的免疫组合物来治疗流行性感冒病毒感染或减少感染风险。不囿于学说理论,对抗相应IAV病毒的IAV专一性或HA/NA专一性CD8+T细胞反应,可部分调介本发明的方法所提供的保护力,因而提供个体跨株系,及/或跨亚型保护力。
为实践本揭示内容的实施方式,可经由适当路径投予一有效剂量(an effectiveamount)的本揭示内容所述的免疫组合物至一有需要治疗的个体。接受本揭示内容所述的方法治疗的个体可为A型流行性感冒病毒感染、疑似A型流行性感冒病毒感染、或有A型流行性感冒病毒感染的风险的哺乳动物(例如人类、小鼠、猪、牛、大鼠、狗、豚鼠、仓鼠、兔、猫、山羊、绵羊、猴子、马或鸟)。
本揭示内容中「有效剂量」(an effective amount)一词,是指无论单独使用或合并一或多种活性剂使用,可授予个体疗效的每种活性剂所需剂量。有效剂量各自不同,如本领域技术人员所认可的,视投予路径、赋形剂的使用,及同时使用其他活性剂等因素决定。投予剂量取决于拟受治疗的个体而定,包括例如该个体免疫系统合成抗体的能力,及视需要产生细胞调介的免疫反应等因素。确切的活性成分注射剂量视从业人员的专业判断决定。然而,适当的剂量范围对本领域技术人员是容易确定的,且本揭示内容所述的肽的使用量可介于微克间。含初始的注射剂量及助推剂量(booster doses)的适当疗程亦各自不同,但可包括初始注射后,再跟进后续的注射。疫苗的剂量亦取决于投予路径及个体大小而有所不同。
可将本揭示内容所述的免疫组合物投予至一个体(例如人类),以减少该个体受到流行性感冒病毒感染的风险(预防性治疗),或治疗流行性感冒病毒感染,其中该病毒感染可由A型流行性感冒病毒(例如H1N1、H1N2、H2N2、H3N2、H5N1、H5N2、H7N2、H7N3、H7N7、H9N2或H10N7)所引起。在某些实施方式中,可利用包含一种衍生自特殊的流行性感冒病毒亚型的IAV,或衍生自特殊病毒类型的HA及/或NA变异体的免疫组合物,来治疗或减少由特定的流行性感冒病毒亚型所引起的感染风险。在本揭示内容中「治疗」(treating)一词,是指对一个体运用或投予一种包含一或多种活性剂的组合物,其中该个体有流行性感冒病毒感染、有感染症状,或有感染的倾向;其目的在于治愈(cure)、愈合(heal)、缓和(alleviate)、缓解(relieve)、改变(alter)、补救(remedy)、改善(ameliorate)、改进(improve),或影响(affect)感染情形、感染症状,或有感染的倾向。
在某些实施方式中,接受本揭示内容所述的方法进行治疗的个体,可为经由常规的医疗行为确诊为流行性感冒病毒感染的人类病患。在其他实施方式中,该个体可为呈现一或多种流行性感冒病毒感染症状的人类病患,例如,发烧(fever)、肌肉酸痛(achingmuscles)、畏寒(chills)及盗汗(sweats)、头痛(headache)、咳嗽(cough)、倦怠(fatigue)及虚弱(weakness)、鼻塞(nasal congestion),及/或喉咙痛(sore throat)。这类的人类病患可能暴露于IAV。
在某些实例中,人类个体可能有感染的风险,举例而言,该个体可为免疫功能低下(immunocompromised)(例如受到HIV/AIDS感染者(suffer from HIV/AIDS)、哮喘(asthma)、慢性心脏疾病(chronic heart disease)、慢性心脏或肺部疾病(chronic heartor lung disease))、可为年长者(例如65岁以上)、可为幼儿或婴儿(例如少于5岁),或与已感染者共事/共同生活。
可经由适当的路径对一有需要治疗的个体投予任一种本揭示内容中所述的免疫组合物,举例来说,非口服投予(parenterally)、皮下注射(injection subcutaneously)或皮下植入(implantation subcutaneously)、肌肉注射(intramuscularly)、脊髓腔内注射(intrathecally)、腹膜内注射(intraperitoneally)、皮内注射(intracuteanously)、胸骨注射(intrasternally)、关节内注射(intraarticularlly)、颅内注射(intracranially)、病灶内注射(intralesionally)、直肠内注射(intrarectually)、阴道内注射(intravaginally)、鼻内注射(intranasally)、肠胃注射(intragastically)、气管内注射(intratracheally),或肺内注射(intrapulmonarily)等投予路径。或者,亦可经由其他方式投予任一种本揭示内容中所述的免疫组合物,包括栓剂(suppositories)、口服剂型(oral formulations)、肠内投予(enteral)、鼻腔投予(nasal)、局部投予(topical)或经粘膜投予(transmucosal)等。就栓剂、粘合剂及载体部分,可包括例如聚亚烷基二醇(polyalkalene glycols)或三酸甘油酯(triglycerides)等。口服剂型可包括常用成分,例如医药级糖精(pharmaceutical grades of saccharine)、纤维素(cellulose)、碳酸镁(magnesium carbonate)及其类似物。这类组合物是以水溶液(solutions)、悬浮液(suspensions)、锭剂(tablets)、丸剂(pills)、胶囊(capsules)、长效剂型(sustainedrelease formulations)或粉剂(powders)等形式呈现。在某些实例中,可以鼻腔投予的方式将本揭示内容所述的免疫组合物投予至个体体内,据以作为万用流行性感冒疫苗(例如跨种族(cross-species)、跨株系(cross-strain),及/或跨世系(cross lineage)专一性的流行性感冒疫苗)。
如上文所述的,所需剂量取决于投予路径的选择(the route ofadministration);剂型本质(the nature of the formulation);个体病症本质(thenature of the subject’s illness);个体种族(species)、体型大小(size)、体重(weight)、表面积(surface area)、年龄(age)及性别(sex);与其他药物并用(other drugsbeing administered);以及从业人员的专业判断(the judgment of the practitioner)等。适当的剂量范围介于每公斤0.01毫克至100.0毫克。亦可预期大范围地调整所需剂量,其视多样化的组合物及各样的投予路径所致不同效力而定。举例而言,相较于静脉注射,预期口服需要较高的剂量。本领域技术人员可完全理解经由常规经验法则调整剂量变化。尤其对口服药而言,封装组合物至适当的载体(例如聚合物微粒或植入式装置)中可增加药物传输效率。
虽然用以界定本揭示内容较广范围的数值范围与参数皆是约略的数值,此处已尽可能精确地呈现具体实施例中的相关数值。然而,任何数值本质上不可避免地含有因个别测试方法所致的标准偏差。在此处,「约」(about)一词通常是指实际数值在一特定数值或范围的正负10%、5%、1%或0.5%之内。或者,在此使用的「约」(about)一词,代表实际数值落在平均值的可接受标准差之内,视本揭示内容所属技术领域中具有通常知识者的考量而定。除了实验例之外,或除非另有明确的说明,当可理解本揭示内容所述的所有范围、数量、数值与百分比(例如用以描述材料用量、时间长短、温度、操作条件、数量比例及其他相似者)均经过「约」的修饰。因此,除另有指示外,本揭示内容与附随的申请专利范围所揭示的数值参数皆为约略的数值,且可视需求而更动。至少,应将这些数值参数理解为,所指出的有效位数与套用一般进位法所得到的数值。
本领域技术人员可基于实验动物模式取得的剂量换算成任一种本揭示内容所述的免疫组合物的人体等效剂量(human equivalent dose,HED)。举例而言,一种包含可表达HA变异体的重组IAV的免疫组合物,对于人类的有效HED,可等同每剂约8.1纳克至1.62微克的HA;较佳地,可等同每剂约81纳克至810纳克。在一较佳实施例中,本发明重组IAV的有效HED为每剂约468纳克的HA。
就投药时程而言,在预防性疗程中或治疗疾病时,可对一个体投予至少2次(例如2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15或更多次)本揭示内容所述的免疫组合物。例如,可对一个体投予2至10次疫苗,其间隔为数天至数年。
可利用测量免疫反应程度的方法(如上文及以下实施例所述),于活体外(invitro)及活体内(in vivo)来评估本揭示内容所述的免疫组合物的功效。
对HA或NA变异体具有专一性的抗体
本揭示内容亦提供可专一结合至任一种本揭示内容所述的HA或NA变异体的抗体。这类可结合至本揭示内容所述的HA或NA变异体的抗体,相较于其结合至野生型HA或NA,具有较强的亲和力(affinity)、总结合力(avidity)、更轻易地结合(more readily),及/或持续更久(with greater duration)。在某些实施例中,一种「专一结合至」(specificallybinds)HA或NA变异体的抗体,当利用常规分析方法检测时,可能不会结合至野生型HA或NA(例如无法侦测其结合活性)。
可经由常规方法来制备本揭示内容所述的抗体。举例而言,可投予任一种本揭示内容所述的HA或NA变异体至适当的动物宿主(例如小鼠、兔或绵羊),以制备可结合至HA或NA变异体的抗体。多株抗体(polyclonal antibodies),或谓抗体分子混群(heterogeneouspopulations of antibody molecules)可呈现在经免疫后的个体的血清中。可藉由常规融合瘤技术(例如参照Kohler et al.(1975)Nature 256,495;Kohler et al.(1976)Eur.J.Immunol.6,511;Kohler et al.(1976)Eur J Immunol 6,292;及Hammerling etal.(1981)Monoclonal Antibodies and T Cell Hybridomas,Elsevier,N.Y.)制备对抗本揭示内容所述的肽变异体的单株抗体(monoclonal antibodies),或谓均质性抗体群(homogeneous populations of antibodies)。具体而言,可自任一种可持续培养的细胞株生产抗体分子的技术制备单株抗体,诸如在Kohler et al.(1975)Nature 256,495及U.S.Patent No.4,376,110;the human B-cell hybridoma technique(Kosbor et al.(1983)Immunol Today 4,72;Cole et al.(1983)Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 80,2026,及the EBV-hybridoma technique(Cole et al.(1983)Monoclonal Antibodies and CancerTherapy,Alan R.Liss,Inc.,pp.77-96)等文献中所述。这类抗体可为任一种免疫球蛋白类型(class),包括IgG、IgM、IgE、IgA、IgD,及其任一亚型。可在活体外或活体内培养用以制备本发明单株抗体的融合瘤。活体内可生产高效价的单株抗体的能力,使其成为特别有用的单株抗体生产方法。
以下阐述一种可用以制备单株抗体的方法。每周以皮下、肌肉及/或鼻腔投予方式对一个体(例如小鼠或兔)投予任一种本揭示内容所述的免疫组合物,连续投予2至5周。在最后一次投予后,取出脾脏细胞及周边淋巴结。可于免疫后定期收集血液样本,并离心分离血清。可利用任一种适当的方法(例如ELISA或RIA)测量血清中的抗体效价。之后,可对那些对该免疫组合物产生高抗体效价的实验动物进行最后一剂投予。可自免疫后的实验动物的脾脏细胞及周边淋巴结或其类似物而制备生产抗体的细胞。在制备抗体生产细胞时,最好能尽量清除组织残骸及红血球。可用市面上有红血球清除剂来达成此目的。或者,可制备及使用氯化铵(ammonium chloride)及三羟基氨基甲烷(Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane,Tris)缓冲液。可立即将不死的细胞株(如骨髓瘤细胞株)与该预备完成的抗体生产细胞融合,以制备融合瘤细胞,该融合瘤细胞当生产抗体时能持续半永久地增殖。一般可用的实验动物细胞株,可用来自小鼠的细胞株。本揭示内容中所需使用的较佳细胞株,无法存活于HAT选择性培养液(包含次黄嘌呤(hypoxanthine)、胸苷(thymidine)及氨喋呤(aminopterin));唯有当该细胞株与生产抗体的细胞融合后,方可存活该HAT选择性培养液中。例示性的骨髓瘤细胞可包括,小鼠骨髓瘤细胞株(例如骨髓瘤FO细胞)及人类骨髓瘤细胞株(例如Karpas 707H)。可将脾脏细胞或淋巴结细胞与市面上有的骨髓瘤细胞混和在细胞融合促进剂中进行细胞融合,其中该促进剂可为平均分子量介于200至20,000道尔顿(daltons)的聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol,PEG)。或者,亦可利用市面上利用电穿孔等电刺激方式的细胞融合装置进行细胞融合。融合完成后,可稀释所得到的细胞并在HAT培养液中培养。
可自融合细胞筛选特定的融合瘤。融合细胞可于HAT培养液中存活并形成群落(colonies)。可收集每个培养孔内的上清液,并检测其存在或不存在对抗免疫组合物的抗体效价。可利用诸如ELISA、EIA或RIA等方法来检测确认。一旦确认呈现抗体阳性的培养孔,可在HT培养液(不包含氨喋呤)中培养其内的细胞。经一段时间培养后,需再度确认上清液中的抗体效价。选殖最后筛选出的细胞,以获取单个细胞。筛选对特定肽呈现高专一性的选殖株,并增殖到一定程度以建立融合瘤。
在某些实施例中,可筛选出用以制备对抗特定HA变异体的单株抗体的融合瘤。可经由任一种已知方法分离或制备所获得的单株抗体。举例而言,可自培养融合瘤的低血清浓度上清液中制备该抗体。或者,可注射融合瘤至实验动物腹腔内,收集该动物产生的腹水用以制备抗体。可采用亲和力管柱层析法(affinity column chromatography)、凝胶过滤层析法(gel filtration chromatography)、离子交换层析法(ion exchangechromatography)或其类似方法,进行纯化或分离抗体。可适当地选用或与其他方法并用任一种这些已知方法。
可分析抗体对HA或NA变异体或野生型HA或NA抗原的结合能力。可分离该些可专一结合至变异体的抗体。
或者,可藉由常规操作自抗体库筛选可专一结合至本揭示内容所述的HA或NA变异体的抗体。在某些实施例中,可先以野生型HA或NA抗原来筛选抗体库,以去除可结合至该野生型抗原的抗体。之后利用所获得的子抗体库来确认可专一结合至HA或NA变异体的抗体。
本揭示内容所述的抗体可对不同IAV亚型展现结合亲和力及专一性。可用这些抗体来侦测免疫化的个体体内的肽变异体,或是以免疫疗法形式投予至个体体内。
上文就实施方式提出了说明性的描述,应理解为仅作为例示性的作用,本领域技术人员能对其进行各样的调整。上文的说明书、实施例及实验数据对本揭示内容作为例示性的实施方式中的结构及使用方式做了完整的描述。尽管上文已描述本揭示内容中各样的实施方式有一定程度的特性,或参照一或多个各别的实施方式,本领域技术人员仍能在不悖离本揭示内容精神及范围情形下,对已揭示的实施方式进行众多修改。
在不需过度解读的情形下,本领域技术人员当可在阅读了本揭示内容后,完整利用并实践本发明。因此,下文具体实施方式应解读为仅作为例示性的作用,而不应将其视为对本揭示内容的可能的其他实施方式的限制。此处所引用的所有公开文献,其全文皆视为本揭示内容的一部分。
实施例1:血球凝集素(Hemagglutinin,HA)的糖化修饰对免疫力的影响
材料与方法
细胞株及病毒株
将马丁–达比犬类肾脏细胞(Madin-Darby canine kidney cells,MDCK)及人类胚胎肾脏细胞(human embryonic kidney cells,HEK293T)培养在DMEM(Dulbecco’smodified Eagle’s medium)培养液(Invitrogen,Rockville,MD)。将人类肺泡基底上皮腺癌细胞株A549培养在F-12K培养液(Invitrogen,Rockville,MD);将禽类肝细胞癌细胞株LMH培养在Waymouth’s MB 752/1培养液(Invitrogen,Rockville,MD)。所有的培养液皆添加10%经热灭活后的胎牛血清(Thermo Scientific)及抗生素(青霉素G每毫升100单位及链霉素每毫升100克)。本研究使用A型流行性感冒病毒株A/WSN/33。
制备重组病毒
利用RT-PCR技术扩增8个A/WSN/33病毒基因体片段。利用拟定的序列组(Sequon)N-X-S/T以改造(将不同氨基酸改成N)或删除(将N改成A)HA基因体中的糖化位点。野生型HA的氨基酸序列为如上文提供的SEQ ID NO:3。285-497-556-G HA的氨基酸序列为如上文提供的SEQ ID NO:1。142-G HA及142-285-497-556-G HA的氨基酸序列提供如下:
142-G HA(SEQ ID NO:16,以粗体标示第142残基位置的置换):
142-G HA(SEQ ID NO:17,以粗体标示第142、285、497及556残基位置的置换):
相似于制备pHW2000的方法,将病毒cDNAs插入至含有pol I及CMV启动子的pcDNA3.1。以常规方法将8个质体共转染至MDCK/293T细胞中,以制备重组病毒。收集培养细胞的上清液并测量病毒效价,随后保存于-80℃备用。
抗体
自Sino Biological购得抗-HA的小鼠单株抗体。自Millipore购得抗-肌动蛋白的小鼠单株抗体。自Santa Cruz Biotechnology购得抗-M1的山羊多株抗体及抗-6×His的小鼠单株抗体。自ABcam购得抗-INF gamma的大鼠单株抗体抗体。自Aviva Systems Biology购得抗-颗粒酶B的兔多株抗体。所有市面上的抗体皆经厂商及发明人团队以Western Blot法验证其专一性。
病毒复制率
利用12孔培养盘培养单层MDCK、A549及LMH细胞,以1倍磷酸缓冲生理食盐水(Phosphate-Buffered Saline,PBS)冲洗二次。在包含每毫升0.1(LMH则为0.01)克的L-(甲苯磺酰-2-苯乙醇)氯甲基酮(L-(tosylamido-2-phenylethyl)chloromethyl ketone,TPCK)-胰蛋白酶(Pierce)的无血清培养液中,以修饰过的流行性感冒病毒变异株感染细胞,感染病毒量MOI分别为0.01、0.1及1,之后于37℃下培养1小时;随后以1倍PBS冲洗该细胞二次后,再以完全培养液培养。在特定时间点收集上清液,并以溶菌斑检定分析法测定MDCK细胞中的病毒效价。
溶菌斑检定分析
利用6孔培养盘培养的单层MDCK细胞,以1倍PBS冲洗二次。之后在包含每毫升0.5微克的TPCK-胰蛋白酶的无血清培养液中,以10倍序列稀释的病毒感染细胞,并于37℃下培养1小时。之后,冲洗该细胞,并以包含0.5%琼脂糖(Lonza)及每毫升0.5微克的TPCK-胰蛋白酶的MEM培养液覆盖。三天后,以10%甲醛固定该细胞,并以0.1%结晶紫溶液进行染色。
蛋白表达及纯化
利用聚乙烯亚胺将用以编码分泌型HA的质体转染至HEK293T细胞株中,并将该细胞培养于包含0.5%胎牛血清的Freestyle 293表达培养液(Invitrogen)中。于转染后72小时收集上清液,并离心除去杂质。依先前所述的镍离子螯合层析法纯化HA蛋白。利用Millipore Amicon超滤管柱浓缩纯化后的蛋白,并将该蛋白装载至预先以PBS平衡过的Superdex-200凝胶过滤管柱(GE),并收集不同的馏分(fractions)。
糖类阵列
于25℃,湿度60%下,使用机械手臂(SMP2B,TeleChem International)将戊胺尾端(pentyl amine tail)的糖类(预先于实验室内以NHS活化)列印(AD3200,BioDot)至载玻片(Nexterion H)上,以制备糖类阵列。自底部到顶部每格内有水平式3重复排列,将每升100微摩尔的糖类1至29及30至39的溶液点满在Nexterion H载玻片上,而后利用真空法干燥。利用GenePix Pro 6.0(Molecular Devices)软件分析所得到的影像,以利定位及定量格子内每点的萤光强度。
病毒结合力分析
利用含神经氨酸酶抑制剂奥司他韦羧酸盐(Oseltamivir carboxylate)(每升10微摩尔)的缓冲液灭活相同量的病毒。将悬浮于奥司他韦羧酸盐的失活病毒覆盖至糖类阵列载玻片上,并于室温下作用30分钟。随后依序以PBS-0.05%Tween、PBS及去离子水为一循环,漂洗3次该载玻片。利用抗-H1抗体侦测有结合的病毒。于室温下温和摇晃该载玻片60分钟。重复清洗步骤完成后,以经标记的二级抗体来侦测病毒的结合。
感染力分析
依使用操作说明,利用PEG病毒沉淀套组(BioVision)来浓缩病毒,并以WesternBlot法分析病毒量。在包含每毫升0.5微克的TPCK-胰蛋白酶的无血清F-12K培养液中,以相同量的变异病毒株感染A549细胞,之后于37℃下作用30分钟。随后,清洗该细胞二次,并覆盖于含10%经热灭活后的胎牛血清(Thermo Scientific)及抗生素(青霉素G每毫升100单位及链霉素每毫升100克)的F-12K培养液中。于10hpi,收集全细胞溶胞物并进行分析。在含有每毫升0.5微克的TPCK-胰蛋白酶的无血清培养液中,以变异病毒株感染MDCK细胞,并于37℃下作用30分钟。随后,进行溶菌斑检定分析。
血球凝集试验分析
将相同量的IAV及HA蛋白进行2倍序列稀释成总体积为100微升。接着,加入25微升的2%(体积/体积)火鸡红血球溶液。于室温下,温和地混和病毒与红血球并作用60分钟,随后读取血球凝集结果。
血球凝集抑制试验分析
于96孔培养盘中2倍序列稀释血清样本后,于室温下,将4个血球凝集单位(hemagglutination units,HAU)的WT WSN加入各孔,并作用1小时。作用完成后,加入25微升的2%(体积/体积)火鸡红血球溶液,每孔总体积为125微升,再于室温下作用1小时。以最后一个未产生血球凝集的血清浓度逆值来决定各血清样本的血球凝集抑制(hemagglutination inhibition,HAI)效价。
细胞结合力分析
于37℃下,以不同量(每毫升0至60微克)的霍乱弧菌神经氨酸酶(receptordestroying enzyme,RDE)(Sigma)作用60分钟预先处理火鸡红血球。之后,以PBS冲洗红血球一次,并以PBS制成2%(体积/体积)红血球溶液。将25微升的上述2%溶液加入相同量的IAV及HA蛋白中,总体积为125微升。于室温下,使IAV及RDE-处理的红血球作用1小时,之后测量其凝集程度。以RDE仍呈现完全凝集的最高浓度测定结合数值。
去糖化修饰
于购自Sigma-Aldrich的缓冲液中进行一等分的病毒或蛋白去糖化修饰。在超高速离心后,将200微升内含病毒(1×107PFU)或纯化蛋白的感染液与蛋白酶抑制剂(Roche)、1微克糖苷内切酶F1、1微克糖苷内切酶F2、1微克糖苷内切酶F3及1微克糖苷内切酶H,或1微克PNGase F混和,并于37℃下避光作用24小时。糖苷内切酶混合物(Endo-F1、F2、F3及H)或PNGase F可剪裁所有的糖类结构,成为单一GlcNAc残基,而各别产生单糖化修饰(mono-glycosylated)或未糖化修饰(non-glycosylated)的样本。在去糖化修饰后,利用WesternBlot法分析确认所得的样本。
制备IAV用于免疫力分析
将WT、285-497-556-G及142-285-497-556-G HA病毒与MDCK细胞共同培养。利用0.1%BPL(Acros Organics,Geel,Belgium)于室温下作用24小时,接续以HNE缓冲液(每升5毫摩尔的HEPES,每升150毫摩尔的NaCl,每升0.1毫摩尔的EDTA,pH 7.4)透析24小时等步骤灭活这些病毒,之后以MDCK细胞进行序列继代以进行测试。以肌肉注射方式对C57Bl/6母鼠(周龄介于6至8周)投予每剂等同6微克HA的失活病毒量,并于第0天及第21天皮下投予二次。在皮下投予一周后,将小鼠分成二组,每组10只小鼠。其中一组经麻醉后,以鼻腔接种方式投予(intranasally inoculated)10倍LD50的WSN/33或H5N1病毒,并收集另一组的血清样本,以分析其抗血清生产情形。接种后14日内,每日监测该小鼠存活情形。动物实验管理小组皆评估及核准所有的动物实验。
病毒毒力分析
利用周龄4至6周的BALB/c母鼠(每组5只)测试重组病毒的毒力,其中该些母鼠是分别以鼻腔接种方式投予50微升的病毒(5×105PFU的WSN及LAIV 44-72-219-G病毒,图3的图G)。感染后14日内,每日记录其存活情形及体重变化。
实验结果
N142-糖化修饰对HA结构及活性的影响
因H1、H3及H5亚型的HA上数个糖化修饰位点(糖化位点27、40、176、303及497)具有高度保守性,本研究使用野生型H1N1 A/WSN/33(WSN)作为改造或删除特定糖化位点的模版,以逆向遗传学来说明糖化修饰的效应(图1的图A及图5的图A)。病毒于糖化位点-27缺失时无法存活(例如N27A突变标示为27-G)。同样地,将高度保守的潜在糖化位点在第40、176或303残基位置(标示为40+G、176+G及303+G)予以突变,以检测其对复制能力的效应。实验结果显示,在高度保守或潜在糖化位点(40+G、176+G、303+G或497-G)具有突变的变异株,其复制率与WT相类似;惟有糖化位点-142-缺失的病毒(142-G及142-285-497-556-G病毒),当其感染MDCK及A549细胞二者时,其复制率2倍低于WT病毒,意味着糖化位点142对IAV复制能力扮演重要的角色(图1的图B及图5的图B)。在圆二色性研究中,糖类并不影响HA的二级结构(图5的图C),且在糖化位点142缺失的变异株间的HA对M1的比例相类似,意味着糖化位点142对病毒组装及/或成熟并非必要(图5的图D)。
糖化位点142对病毒进入细胞而言是必要的。因在病毒感染力分析实验中,糖化位点142缺失的病毒(142-G或142-285-497-556-G病毒)感染A549细胞后,该细胞的HA及M1讯号非常微弱(图1的图C及图5的图E)。如上所述,142-G及142-285-497-556-G的序列分别为SEQ ID NO:16及17。糖类阵列分析显示,相较于WT病毒,糖化位点142缺失的病毒会与较多唾液酸苷相互作用(糖类8、10、11及15至18),相同结果亦可见于相应的HA蛋白,意味着糖化位点142的糖化修饰会影响HA的受体结合专一性(图1的图D及图6的图A至C)。此外,基于在糖类阵列分析中,糖化位点142缺失的病毒显示较低的萤光强度,且具有较低的血球凝集能力及细胞结合能力,糖化位点142可调节HA的总结合力(图1的图D至E及图5的图F)。由142-G或142-285-497-556-G病毒在LMH细胞株(禽类肝细胞癌细胞株)的复制率仍2倍低于WT(图5的图G)的结果可知,尽管在糖类阵列分析中,糖化位点142缺失的病毒可与较多的α2,3-唾液酸苷相互作用,然而,其与人类及/或禽类对WSN HA的采用无关。
进一步探讨糖化位点142的糖化修饰影响总结合力及结合专一性的分子机制后发现,糖类组合物皆调节该总结合力及该结合专一性二者。投予糖苷内切酶混合物(Endo-F1、F2、F3及H)会改变WT及285-497-556-G病毒在糖类阵列上的交互作用图谱,且此交互作用图样相似于142-G及142-285-497-556-G病毒的图样。如上所述,HA 285-497-556-G的序列为SEQ ID NO:1。令人讶异的是,糖苷内切酶混合物处理会增加单糖化修饰的病毒在糖类阵列上的萤光强度,而会减少未糖化修饰(PNGase F处理)的所有各类变异株的萤光强度(图1的图F、图5的图H及图6的图D至E)。
以H5N1接种小鼠来检测糖化位点142是否涉及宿主的免疫反应。相较于以失活的WT病毒免疫化的小鼠,以失活的142-285-497-556-G病毒免疫化的小鼠存活时间较短,且会引发较低的HA抗血清;而以失活的285-497-556-G病毒免疫化的小鼠则会引发相同量的HA抗血清,但存活较久的时间;而在免疫力测试实验中,以WSN接种后的各组小鼠皆存活良好(图1的图G至H及图5的图I)。本研究指出,糖化位点142的糖化修饰对IAV的免疫力相当重要。
在季节性的H1N1病毒株中,HA的糖化位点142在躲避人类免疫反应上扮演重要的角色,且人类H3N2 IAV在演化过程中藉由正向选汰,在此区域亦增添了糖化位点(在H3的糖化位点为144)。令人讶异的是,在IAV获取HA的糖化位点142后,由本实施例的结果可说明,调控HA–SA交互作用会提升病毒感染的效率,且改变宿主免疫反应。因此,对于开发人类IAV疫苗而言,糖化位点142可作为一项值得参考的重要因素。
实施例2:神经氨酸酶(Neuraminidase,NA)的糖化修饰对免疫力的影响
材料与方法
制备重组病毒
在实施例1中已叙述相同方法,除了在定点突变技术中,加入一个终止密码至NA基因体中,以去除NA的茎柄及催化域。为制备无NA的茎柄及催化域的病毒(LAIV WSN-NA,SEQID NO:2),利用会稳定表达NA的MDCK/293T细胞株来保全病毒生长、维持培养及分析该病毒。简言之,将全长的NA(取自WSN病毒株,SEQ ID NO:4)选殖至一cDNA表达慢病毒载体(pLAS2w.Ppuro)。之后,依核糖核酸干扰设施平台所提供的操作说明(http://rnai.genmed.sinica.edu.tw)制备会表达NA的慢病毒。在包含最终浓度为每毫升8微克的凝聚胺(Polybrene,Sigma)的环境中,以会表达NA的慢病毒重复感染三次HEK293T及MDCK细胞。使细胞与病毒作用24小时后,置换成含有puromycin(每毫升3微克)(Invitrogen)的选择性培养液培养。培养三天后,收集全细胞溶胞物并以Western Blot法分析确认NA表达效率。
NA酶活性
藉由将病毒样本对PFU及本揭示内容所述的蛋白样本标准化来检测NA酶活性。以效价1×106PFU的病毒制备病毒等分,并于37℃下与4-MUNANA(Sigma)作用。30分钟后,利用0.14M NaOH及83%乙醇终止反应,并以激发波长360纳米及放射波长450纳米测量NA酶活性。基质的最终浓度范围为每升0至1500毫摩尔。每5分钟侦测1次萤光强度,持续60分钟(共侦测12次)(4-MUNANA分析)。利用Prism软件(GraphPad)计算NA的Km(半最高反应速率的基质浓度)及Vmax(最高反应速率),其是利用非线性回归将实验数据套入Michaelis–Menten方程式。为测量酶对不同的糖共轭分子(4-Muα-Neu5Ac、3-SLN、6-SLN、3-SL及6-SL购自Sigma)的剪切动力学,使N-乙酰甘露糖胺(ManNAc)去氢酶及唾液酸醛缩酶作用后,检测自糖共轭分子中释出的N-乙酰神经胺酸量。ManNAc去氢酶及NAD+与ManNAc(醛缩酶剪裁N-乙酰神经胺酸后的产物)作用后,产生副产物NADH,并利用波长340/450纳米测量该副产物NADH的萤光强度。在进行反应时,将唾液酸醛缩酶(Pasteurella multocida,重组蛋白)2微克、ManNAc去氢酶(Flavobacterium sp.141-8,重组蛋白)3微克、MES缓冲液每升50毫摩尔、pH 6.5、NAD+每升0.2毫摩尔及一适当量的NA混和,并调整糖共轭分子的最终浓度至每升0至1500毫摩尔范围内。每5分钟侦测1次萤光强度,持续30分钟(共侦测6次)。
以LAIV WSN-44-72-219-G及LAIV WSN-NA免疫化小鼠
在会表达NA的MDCK细胞中培养LAIV WSN-NA病毒。在第0天及第21天,以鼻腔接种方式投予25微升的LAIV WSN-44-72-219-G或LAIV WSN-NA(非致死剂量的WT WSN)至有意识的小鼠,且该病毒并未接触下呼吸道。如上所述,NA 44-72-219的序列为SEQ ID NO:11。之后进行免疫力测试步骤。
抗体
自Sino Biological购得抗-NA抗体。
蛋白表达及纯化
以实施例1所述方式来制备NA。
制备IAV用于免疫力测试
以实施例1所述方式,利用会表达NA的MDCK细胞制备LAIV WSN-NA病毒。
穿透式电子显微镜
将MDCK细胞种植在厚度为7.8-密耳(mil,千分之一吋)的ACLAR包埋膜片(E,M,S)一天后,后续以MOI为5的流行性感冒病毒感染该细胞。于18hpi,利用0.1M二甲基胂缓冲液(cacodylate buffer)漂洗该病毒感染的细胞,并于4℃下,以0.1M二甲基胂缓冲液制成2.5%戊二醛(glutaraldehyde)固定30分钟。之后,再以0.1M二甲基胂制成1%四氧化锇(osmium tetroxide)后缀(postfixed)该细胞30分钟、以1%醋酸铀酰(uranyl acetate)及铅柠檬酸盐(lead citrate)进行染色1小时、以乙醇进行脱水,及以树脂进行包埋。在烘干后,利用超薄切片机(ultramicrotome)将样本切成厚度为80纳米的薄片。最后,利用型号为Tecnai G2 Spirit TWIN(FEI Company)的穿透式电子显微镜检视样本。
毒力分析
依上文实施例1中所述方法,以鼻腔接种方式投予50微升的病毒(WSN及LAIV WSN-NA各1×106PFU,图12的图E)至小鼠。
神经氨酸酶抑制分析法
利用神经氨酸酶抑制分析法来分析NA抗体的生成。本发明利用NA-FluorTM流行性感冒神经氨酸酶分析套组(NA-FluorTMInfluenza Neuraminidase Assay Kit,LifeTechnologies)来进行分析。简单来说,将病毒与套组内的反应溶液作用后,混和及进行热灭活,接着将病毒混合液序列稀释为图式所述的不同浓度,并侦测萤光。以具有至少50%抑制能力的最高稀释倍数的倒数来计算神经氨酸酶抑制效价。
分析对IAV具有专一性的CD8+T细胞
由以PBS、WSN或LAIV WSN-NA免疫化后的小鼠收集其PBMC,在含有每毫升0.5微克的TPCK-胰蛋白酶的RPMI 1640培养液中,将该PBMC与病毒量MOI为3的活的或失活的WSN(经UV处理)于37℃下作用1小时。之后,冲洗该细胞二次并将其培养于含10%热灭活的FBS的RPMI 1640培养液中。24小时后,依使用操作说明,利用Dynabeads Untouched Mouse CD8Cells kit(Invitrogen)分离CD8+T细胞,并以流式细胞仪及Western Blot法进行分析。为进行病毒蛋白M1及NP刺激实验,于37℃下,将以GM-CSF培养的骨随衍生树状细胞(bonemarrow-derived dendritic cells,BMDC)与加入或未加入每升100微摩尔的病毒M1及NP抗原决定位的RPMI 1640完全培养液作用24小时,之后与免疫化后的小鼠PBMC以1:1的比例进行混和。经48小时培养后,分离CD8+T细胞,并以流式细胞仪及Western Blot法分析。M1抗原决定位为GILGFVFTL(SEQ ID NO:18)、RLEDVFAGK(SEQ ID NO:19)及ASCMGLIY(SEQ ID NO:20),而NP抗原决定位为CTELKLSDY(SEQ ID NO:21)、SRYWAIRTR(SEQ ID NO:22)及LELRSRYWA(SEQ ID NO:23)(Mission Biotech)。将上述肽溶于每毫升5.0毫克的二甲基亚砜,并以RPMI 1640稀释至浓度每升100微摩尔,之后保存于-20℃。
流式细胞仪
收集细胞后,以FACS缓冲液(含2%FBS的PBS)来悬浮细胞,使其浓度为每毫升106个细胞。本研究使用抗-INF-γ抗体。利用FACSCanto(BD Biosciences)分析仪及软件FCSExpress 3.0来分析细胞萤光强度。
实验结果
N-44、N-72及N-219位点的糖化修饰影响NA的二级结构
为了解糖化修饰是否会影响IAV的生命周期,利用逆向遗传学方式,以相同的病毒株A/WSN/33作为模版来研究各糖化位点(图7的图A)。如上所述,NA 44-G、NA 72-G、NA 44-72-G及NA 44-72-219-G的氨基酸序列分别为SEQ ID NO:8至11。研究结果显示,糖化位点44及72(位于茎柄域)对于病毒复制扮演重要角色;在MDCK及A549细胞二者中,糖化位点44及72缺失的病毒(44-72-G或44-72-219-G病毒)的复制率皆2倍低于WT病毒(图2的图A及图7的图B)。将NA的糖化位点44、72及219进行糖化修饰以成为具有不同的分子量的NA蛋白变异体;Western Blot法及凝胶过滤层析法分析结果显示,以糖苷内切酶混合物处理该些变异体后,该些变异体具有相类似的分子量(图2的图B及图7的图C至D)。有趣的是,该些变异体原先具有些微不同的二级结构,经去糖化修饰后则具有相同的二级结构(图2的图C至D)。这些实验结果指出,糖化位点44、72及219上的糖类为异质性的,且会影响NA的二级结构。
N-44及N-72位点的糖化修饰影响NA活性及毒力
研究结果显示,糖化位点44及72上的糖类对NA活性相当重要。2-(4-甲基伞形酮)-α-D-N-乙酰神经胺酸(2-(4-methylumbelliferyl)-α-D-N-acetylneuraminic acid,4-MUNANA)分析结果指出,相较于WT,不具糖化位点44及72的病毒(44-72-G或44-72-219-G病毒)具有较低的NA活性(图2的图E)。此外,相较于未处理过的病毒,以糖苷内切酶混合物处理的WT病毒具有较低的分子量及NA活性(图7的图E至F)。
基于对不同基质的最高反应速率(Vmax)及亲和值(Km)的改变可知,NA上的糖类会影响酶活性、亲和力及专一性。当使用2’(4-甲基伞型酮)-α-D-N-乙酰神经胺酸(4-Muα-Neu5Ac)及6’-唾液酸-N-乳糖胺(6-SLN)作为基质时,不具糖化位点44及72的NA有较低的神经氨酸酶活性,但所有变异体却具有相似的Km值。令人讶异的是,当使用3-SLN作为基质时,糖化位点44及72缺失的NA的活性降低了50%,但Km值增加2倍以上(图3的图A及表1)。有趣的是,这些病毒变异株在LMH细胞中的复制率与NA对3-SLN(一种禽类的受器)的活性有关(图3的图B)。这些实验结果指出,NA上的糖化修饰会不同程度地影响IAV在动物及禽类细胞中的复制能力(图2的图A及图3的图B)。
此外,不具糖化位点72的NA(72-G)虽可与基质6’-唾液乳糖(6’-sialyllactose,6-SL)作用,该些变异体皆无法与3’-唾液乳糖(3’-sialyllactose,3-SL)作用(图3的图C及图8的图A)。有趣的是,在25至40℃下,44-72-219-G与44-72-G(具糖化位点219)具有相似的活性,但在较高温度(45、50及55℃)时,44-72-219-G则具有较低的活性(图8的图B)。相较于未经处理的对照组,经糖苷内切酶混合物处理的44-72-G在55℃的温度下,具有较低的NA活性;这些实验结果指出,糖化位点219(位于催化域)上的糖类会影响NA的热稳定性(图3的图D及图8的图C)。
糖化位点44及72亦调节了病毒的释出及形态生成,因以WT、44-G及72-G等病毒感染的细胞,释出较多圆型的病毒颗粒,但以44-72-G或44-72-219-G等病毒感染的细胞主要释出伸长型的丝状病毒颗粒,其未见于以WT病毒感染的细胞(图3的图E至F及图8的图D至F)。此外,相较于以WT感染的小鼠仅有20%存活率及相当程度的体重减轻,以不具任何糖类的NA的病毒(44-72-219-G病毒)感染的小鼠,其于存活率及体重上显示较少剧烈变化。这些实验结果指出,NA上的糖化修饰会影响病毒毒力(图3的图G至H)。
不具NA的茎柄及催化域的活性减毒疫苗展现具有强烈的CD8+T细胞反应的广泛的保护力
利用去糖化修饰的NA的IAV(44-72-219-G)作为活性减毒流行性感冒疫苗(LAIVWSN-44-72-219-G),以检测疫苗预防疾病的潜力。基于较低的NA活性及毒力,选用去糖化修饰的NA来进行实验。然而,去糖化修饰的NA的病毒与WT具有相似的免疫力(图9的图A至C)。
此外,NA活性不会影响失活疫苗的效力,且产生的抗体量极低。因此,藉由将一终止密码引入至NA的RNA基因体片段来制备一种NA的茎柄及催化域皆缺失的病毒(LAIV WSN-NA),据以强化NA的免疫力(图4的图A)。研究结果显示,LAIV WSN-NA病毒不会在MDCK细胞形成溶菌斑,并可在会表达WT NA的细胞中回复形成溶菌斑(图10的图A至B)。于24hpi,以LAIVWSN-NA病毒感染的A549细胞具有较少的病毒释出至悬浮液中,且会累积细胞内的病毒蛋白M1;这些实验结果指出,LAIV WSN-NA病毒在病毒释出方面有缺损(图10的图C至D)。以1×106PFU的WSN病毒感染小鼠后,小鼠的体重会急速下降,且于感染后6天死亡。另一方面,经口部投予1×106PFU的LAIV WSN-NA病毒的小鼠,存活良好且无体重损失;这些实验结果指出,LAIV WSN-NA病毒为一有效的低致病性LAIV,且病毒在细胞中毒性减低对活性疫苗的功效而言是有必要的(图10的图E至F)。在免疫力测试中,失活的WSN-NA病毒与失活的WSN病毒具有相似的免疫力(图4的图B及图11的图A至C)。
表1 NA蛋白及病毒变异株的Km及Vmax
上栏的Km及Vmax来自NA蛋白,下栏则来自病毒变异株。
然而在病毒接种研究中,当使用LAIV WSN-NA病毒作为疫苗时,其对WSN、A/Cal/07/2009及H5N1展现跨株系及跨亚型的保护力;以LAIV WSN-NA免疫化后的小鼠存活情形良好,且其肺部已清除病毒,但未引发任何显著的抗体反应(图4的图C至E及图12的图A至D)。此外,LAIV WSN-NA保护力亦呈现剂量依赖性反应(图12的图E)。病毒感染以LAIV WSN-NA免疫化后的小鼠PBMC后,IFN-γ及颗粒酶B专一地活化CD8+T细胞,但失活的病毒则未展现此活性,意味着当病毒感染时,LAIV WSN-NA能引发CD8+T细胞活化(图4的图F及图12的图F至G)。此外,高度保守的病毒抗原决定位NP及M1亦能激发CD8+T细胞活化(图4的图G及图12的图G)。这些实验结果指出,NA在活化CD8+T-细胞而调节宿主免疫反应上扮演关键角色,且LAIVWSN-NA可作为一种有效的疫苗。
最后,观察到在M2上的糖化位点并不影响病毒复制能力(图13)。
一些研究显示,NA的茎柄域的分歧度与病毒毒力及IAV自鸭子传染至陆地上的禽类有关,且其经由演化而在人群中散播,该演化包含序列缺失及糖化位点修饰。然而,NA的茎柄域的结构性及功能性角色至今仍旧未知,且未有关于糖化修饰在这些典型的糖化位点上的相关报导。本实施例的实验结果指出,糖化位点在NA的茎柄域受到糖化修饰而调节NA活性、亲和力及专一性,进而调节IAV复制能力,意味着NA的茎柄域上的糖类在病毒毒力及IAV传染能力上扮演重要角色。
实施例3:鉴定低致病性IAV上具有免疫力的NA变异体
材料与方法
制备重组病毒
利用定点突变技术制备本揭示内容所述的NA变异体。为制备具有催化域缺失的NA变异体(WSN-NA-CD,SEQ ID NO:15,已在上文提供),利用一终止密码取代原NA催化域的第一组密码。将R102改成A以构建活性位置1失活的变异体(WSN-NA-AS1,SEQ ID NO:12,已在上文提供)。将D135改成A以构建活性位置2失活的变异体(WSN-NA-AS2,SEQ ID NO:13,已在上文提供)。将氨基酸残基G388置换成A388以构建变异体WSN-NA G388A(SEQ ID NO:14,已在上文提供)。
以LAIV WSN-44-72-219-G、LAIV WSN-NA及WSN-NA-AS1免疫化小鼠
在会表达NA的MDCK细胞中培养LAIV WSN-NA及WSN-NA-AS1病毒。于第0天及第21天,以鼻腔接种方式投予总量为25微升的LAIV WSN-44-72-219-G、LAIV WSN-NA、WSN-NA-AS1及非致死剂量的WT WSN至有意识的小鼠,且该病毒并未接触下呼吸道。之后进行免疫力测试步骤。
病毒毒力分析
利用周龄4至6周的BALB/c母鼠(每组5只)测试重组病毒的毒力,其中该些母鼠是分别以鼻腔接种方式投予50微升的病毒(1×106PFU的WSN、LAIV WSN-NA及WSN-NA-AS1病毒,图15的图A)。感染后14日内,每日记录其存活情形及体重变化。
实验结果
制备上文所述的不同NA变异体以测试其茎柄及催化域中何者会影响免疫力及病毒毒力(图14的图A)。当以NA活性有缺损的病毒(LAIV WSN-NA、WSN-NA-CD、WSN-NA-AS1及WSN-NA-AS2)感染A549细胞时,细胞会释出较少的病毒至悬浮液中,且积累细胞内的病毒RNA(vRNA)及病毒蛋白(NP及M1),该结果指出NA活性(而非蛋白本身)是病毒释出的关键(图14的图B至D)。基于NA活性对病毒释出扮演着重要角色,利用NA活性位置突变的病毒(WSN-NA-AS1)作为活性减毒流行性感冒疫苗,并与LAIV WSN-NA的免疫力进行分析比对。藉由口部投予方式以WSN-NA-AS1病毒感染小鼠后,可发现小鼠的存活率及体重与经LAIV WSN-NA或PBS感染的小鼠相似(图15的图A至B)。相似于LAIV WSN-NA,疫苗接种(vaccination)WSN-NA-AS1亦未引发任何显著的抗体反应(图15的图C),且WSN-NA-AS1病毒的复制率相当于LAIV WSN-NA(图15的图D)。尽管相较于非致死剂量的WSN而言,WSN-NA-AS1病毒毒力减低(图15的图C及D),但暴露于WSN-NA-AS1病毒下可保护小鼠不受到致死剂量的H5N1影响(图15的图E)。
这些得自WSN-NA-AS1变异株的实验结果与LAIV WSN-NA相类似(参照上文实施例2),意味着NA活性会影响宿主免疫反应。因暴露在IAV疫苗上的病毒蛋白为一种引发IAV专一性CD8+T细胞作用的重要途径,而推测带有NA的酶功能缺陷的变异体的IAV具有跨亚型的保护力,例如对H1N1 IAV及H5N1 IAV二者提供保护力。
利用病毒载体系统表达IAV蛋白上的保守区域,可引发动物体CD8+T细胞对抗致命的IAV感染。然而,这类方式仅可引发针对特定一种标的的免疫反应。或者,有文献指出可利用MVA-NP及M1混合物制备流行性感冒病毒疫苗组合物。如本揭示内容所述的,含有缺损的NA的IAV颗粒,诸如不具茎柄及催化域的截断版,在没有中和性抗体的情形下,可显著地引发IAV专一性CD8+T细胞以辨认各类病毒株及不同的IAV亚型。这些实验结果指出,本揭示内容所述的IAV为一种有前景的方式以制备万用流行性感冒疫苗组合物。
其他实施方式
可任意组合本揭示内容所揭示的所有特征成任一种组合。可取代本揭示内容所揭示的每一种特征成另一种具有相同的、均等的或相类似的目的的替代特征。因此,除非本说明书有明确的声明,本揭示内容所揭示的每一种特征仅作为一系列通用的均等或相类似的特征的实例。
本领域技术人员能轻易地自上文的叙述中判明本揭示内容的必要特征,且在不悖离本揭示内容的原理与精神的情形下,当可对其进行各种更动与修饰,以运用在各种用法及状态下。因此,其他实施方式亦在申请专利范围所界定的范围内。
序列表
<110> 周美吟
<120> 重组病毒、包含该重组病毒的组合物以及其用途
<130> 193340PWCN
<140> PCT/US2017/060510
<141> 2017-11-08
<150> US 62/418,800
<151> 2016-11-08
<160> 23
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
<210> 1
<211> 565
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 1
Met Lys Ala Phe Val Leu Val Leu Leu Tyr Ala Phe Val Ala Thr Asp
1 5 10 15
Ala Asp Thr Ile Cys Ile Gly Tyr His Ala Asn Asn Ser Thr Asp Thr
20 25 30
Val Asp Thr Ile Phe Glu Lys Asn Val Ala Val Thr His Ser Val Asn
35 40 45
Leu Leu Glu Asp Arg His Asn Gly Lys Leu Cys Lys Leu Lys Gly Ile
50 55 60
Ala Pro Leu Gln Leu Gly Lys Cys Asn Ile Thr Gly Trp Leu Leu Gly
65 70 75 80
Asn Pro Glu Cys Asp Ser Leu Leu Pro Ala Arg Ser Trp Ser Tyr Ile
85 90 95
Val Glu Thr Pro Asn Ser Glu Asn Gly Ala Cys Tyr Pro Gly Asp Phe
100 105 110
Ile Asp Tyr Glu Glu Leu Arg Glu Gln Leu Ser Ser Val Ser Ser Leu
115 120 125
Glu Arg Phe Glu Ile Phe Pro Lys Glu Ser Ser Trp Pro Asn His Thr
130 135 140
Phe Asn Gly Val Thr Val Ser Cys Ser His Arg Gly Lys Ser Ser Phe
145 150 155 160
Tyr Arg Asn Leu Leu Trp Leu Thr Lys Lys Gly Asp Ser Tyr Pro Lys
165 170 175
Leu Thr Asn Ser Tyr Val Asn Asn Lys Gly Lys Glu Val Leu Val Leu
180 185 190
Trp Gly Val His His Pro Ser Ser Ser Asp Glu Gln Gln Ser Leu Tyr
195 200 205
Ser Asn Gly Asn Ala Tyr Val Ser Val Ala Ser Ser Asn Tyr Asn Arg
210 215 220
Arg Phe Thr Pro Glu Ile Ala Ala Arg Pro Lys Val Lys Asp Gln His
225 230 235 240
Gly Arg Met Asn Tyr Tyr Trp Thr Leu Leu Glu Pro Gly Asp Thr Ile
245 250 255
Ile Phe Glu Ala Thr Gly Asn Leu Ile Ala Pro Trp Tyr Ala Phe Ala
260 265 270
Leu Ser Arg Gly Phe Glu Ser Gly Ile Ile Thr Ser Ala Ala Ser Met
275 280 285
His Glu Cys Asn Thr Lys Cys Gln Thr Pro Gln Gly Ser Ile Asn Ser
290 295 300
Asn Leu Pro Phe Gln Asn Ile His Pro Val Thr Ile Gly Glu Cys Pro
305 310 315 320
Lys Tyr Val Arg Ser Thr Lys Leu Arg Met Val Thr Gly Leu Arg Asn
325 330 335
Ile Pro Ser Ile Gln Tyr Arg Gly Leu Phe Gly Ala Ile Ala Gly Phe
340 345 350
Ile Glu Gly Gly Trp Thr Gly Met Ile Asp Gly Trp Tyr Gly Tyr His
355 360 365
His Gln Asn Glu Gln Gly Ser Gly Tyr Ala Ala Asp Gln Lys Ser Thr
370 375 380
Gln Asn Ala Ile Asn Arg Ile Thr Asn Lys Val Asn Ser Val Ile Glu
385 390 395 400
Lys Met Asn Thr Gln Phe Thr Ala Val Gly Lys Glu Phe Asn Asn Leu
405 410 415
Glu Lys Arg Met Glu Asn Leu Asn Lys Lys Val Asp Asp Gly Phe Leu
420 425 430
Asp Ile Trp Thr Tyr Asn Ala Glu Leu Leu Val Leu Leu Glu Asn Glu
435 440 445
Arg Thr Leu Asp Phe His Asp Leu Asn Val Lys Asn Leu Tyr Glu Lys
450 455 460
Val Lys Ser Gln Leu Lys Asn Asn Ala Lys Glu Ile Gly Asn Gly Cys
465 470 475 480
Phe Glu Phe Tyr His Lys Cys Asp Asn Glu Cys Met Glu Ser Val Arg
485 490 495
Ala Gly Thr Tyr Asp Tyr Pro Lys Tyr Ser Glu Glu Ser Lys Leu Asn
500 505 510
Arg Glu Lys Ile Asp Gly Val Lys Leu Glu Ser Met Gly Val Tyr Gln
515 520 525
Ile Leu Ala Ile Tyr Ser Thr Val Ala Ser Ser Leu Val Leu Leu Val
530 535 540
Ser Leu Gly Ala Ile Ser Phe Trp Met Cys Ser Ala Gly Ser Leu Gln
545 550 555 560
Cys Arg Ile Cys Ile
565
<210> 2
<211> 30
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 2
Met Asn Pro Asn Gln Lys Ile Ile Thr Ile Gly Ser Ile Cys Met Val
1 5 10 15
Val Gly Ile Ile Ser Leu Ile Leu Gln Ile Gly Asn Ile Ile
20 25 30
<210> 3
<211> 565
<212> PRT
<213> A型流行性感冒病毒
<400> 3
Met Lys Ala Phe Val Leu Val Leu Leu Tyr Ala Phe Val Ala Thr Asp
1 5 10 15
Ala Asp Thr Ile Cys Ile Gly Tyr His Ala Asn Asn Ser Thr Asp Thr
20 25 30
Val Asp Thr Ile Phe Glu Lys Asn Val Ala Val Thr His Ser Val Asn
35 40 45
Leu Leu Glu Asp Arg His Asn Gly Lys Leu Cys Lys Leu Lys Gly Ile
50 55 60
Ala Pro Leu Gln Leu Gly Lys Cys Asn Ile Thr Gly Trp Leu Leu Gly
65 70 75 80
Asn Pro Glu Cys Asp Ser Leu Leu Pro Ala Arg Ser Trp Ser Tyr Ile
85 90 95
Val Glu Thr Pro Asn Ser Glu Asn Gly Ala Cys Tyr Pro Gly Asp Phe
100 105 110
Ile Asp Tyr Glu Glu Leu Arg Glu Gln Leu Ser Ser Val Ser Ser Leu
115 120 125
Glu Arg Phe Glu Ile Phe Pro Lys Glu Ser Ser Trp Pro Asn His Thr
130 135 140
Phe Asn Gly Val Thr Val Ser Cys Ser His Arg Gly Lys Ser Ser Phe
145 150 155 160
Tyr Arg Asn Leu Leu Trp Leu Thr Lys Lys Gly Asp Ser Tyr Pro Lys
165 170 175
Leu Thr Asn Ser Tyr Val Asn Asn Lys Gly Lys Glu Val Leu Val Leu
180 185 190
Trp Gly Val His His Pro Ser Ser Ser Asp Glu Gln Gln Ser Leu Tyr
195 200 205
Ser Asn Gly Asn Ala Tyr Val Ser Val Ala Ser Ser Asn Tyr Asn Arg
210 215 220
Arg Phe Thr Pro Glu Ile Ala Ala Arg Pro Lys Val Lys Asp Gln His
225 230 235 240
Gly Arg Met Asn Tyr Tyr Trp Thr Leu Leu Glu Pro Gly Asp Thr Ile
245 250 255
Ile Phe Glu Ala Thr Gly Asn Leu Ile Ala Pro Trp Tyr Ala Phe Ala
260 265 270
Leu Ser Arg Gly Phe Glu Ser Gly Ile Ile Thr Ser Asn Ala Ser Met
275 280 285
His Glu Cys Asn Thr Lys Cys Gln Thr Pro Gln Gly Ser Ile Asn Ser
290 295 300
Asn Leu Pro Phe Gln Asn Ile His Pro Val Thr Ile Gly Glu Cys Pro
305 310 315 320
Lys Tyr Val Arg Ser Thr Lys Leu Arg Met Val Thr Gly Leu Arg Asn
325 330 335
Ile Pro Ser Ile Gln Tyr Arg Gly Leu Phe Gly Ala Ile Ala Gly Phe
340 345 350
Ile Glu Gly Gly Trp Thr Gly Met Ile Asp Gly Trp Tyr Gly Tyr His
355 360 365
His Gln Asn Glu Gln Gly Ser Gly Tyr Ala Ala Asp Gln Lys Ser Thr
370 375 380
Gln Asn Ala Ile Asn Arg Ile Thr Asn Lys Val Asn Ser Val Ile Glu
385 390 395 400
Lys Met Asn Thr Gln Phe Thr Ala Val Gly Lys Glu Phe Asn Asn Leu
405 410 415
Glu Lys Arg Met Glu Asn Leu Asn Lys Lys Val Asp Asp Gly Phe Leu
420 425 430
Asp Ile Trp Thr Tyr Asn Ala Glu Leu Leu Val Leu Leu Glu Asn Glu
435 440 445
Arg Thr Leu Asp Phe His Asp Leu Asn Val Lys Asn Leu Tyr Glu Lys
450 455 460
Val Lys Ser Gln Leu Lys Asn Asn Ala Lys Glu Ile Gly Asn Gly Cys
465 470 475 480
Phe Glu Phe Tyr His Lys Cys Asp Asn Glu Cys Met Glu Ser Val Arg
485 490 495
Asn Gly Thr Tyr Asp Tyr Pro Lys Tyr Ser Glu Glu Ser Lys Leu Asn
500 505 510
Arg Glu Lys Ile Asp Gly Val Lys Leu Glu Ser Met Gly Val Tyr Gln
515 520 525
Ile Leu Ala Ile Tyr Ser Thr Val Ala Ser Ser Leu Val Leu Leu Val
530 535 540
Ser Leu Gly Ala Ile Ser Phe Trp Met Cys Ser Asn Gly Ser Leu Gln
545 550 555 560
Cys Arg Ile Cys Ile
565
<210> 4
<211> 453
<212> PRT
<213> A型流行性感冒病毒
<400> 4
Met Asn Pro Asn Gln Lys Ile Ile Thr Ile Gly Ser Ile Cys Met Val
1 5 10 15
Val Gly Ile Ile Ser Leu Ile Leu Gln Ile Gly Asn Ile Ile Ser Ile
20 25 30
Trp Ile Ser His Ser Ile Gln Thr Gly Asn Gln Asn His Thr Gly Ile
35 40 45
Cys Asn Gln Gly Ser Ile Thr Tyr Lys Val Val Ala Gly Gln Asp Ser
50 55 60
Thr Ser Val Ile Leu Thr Gly Asn Ser Ser Leu Cys Pro Ile Arg Gly
65 70 75 80
Trp Ala Ile His Ser Lys Asp Asn Gly Ile Arg Ile Gly Ser Lys Gly
85 90 95
Asp Val Phe Val Ile Arg Glu Pro Phe Ile Ser Cys Ser His Leu Glu
100 105 110
Cys Arg Thr Phe Phe Leu Thr Gln Gly Ala Leu Leu Asn Asp Lys His
115 120 125
Ser Arg Gly Thr Phe Lys Asp Arg Ser Pro Tyr Arg Ala Leu Met Ser
130 135 140
Cys Pro Val Gly Glu Ala Pro Ser Pro Tyr Asn Ser Arg Phe Glu Ser
145 150 155 160
Val Ala Trp Ser Ala Ser Ala Cys His Asp Gly Met Gly Trp Leu Thr
165 170 175
Ile Gly Ile Ser Gly Pro Asp Asp Gly Ala Val Ala Val Leu Lys Tyr
180 185 190
Asn Gly Ile Ile Thr Glu Thr Ile Lys Ser Trp Arg Lys Asn Ile Leu
195 200 205
Arg Thr Gln Glu Ser Glu Cys Thr Cys Val Asn Gly Ser Cys Phe Thr
210 215 220
Ile Met Thr Asp Gly Pro Ser Asp Gly Leu Ala Ser Tyr Lys Ile Phe
225 230 235 240
Lys Ile Glu Lys Gly Lys Val Thr Lys Ser Ile Glu Leu Asn Ala Pro
245 250 255
Asn Ser His Tyr Glu Glu Cys Ser Cys Tyr Pro Asp Thr Gly Lys Val
260 265 270
Met Cys Val Cys Arg Asp Asn Trp His Gly Ser Asn Arg Pro Trp Val
275 280 285
Ser Phe Asp Gln Asn Leu Asp Tyr Lys Ile Gly Tyr Ile Cys Ser Gly
290 295 300
Val Phe Gly Asp Asn Pro Arg Pro Lys Asp Gly Thr Gly Ser Cys Gly
305 310 315 320
Pro Val Ser Ala Asp Gly Ala Asn Gly Val Lys Gly Phe Ser Tyr Lys
325 330 335
Tyr Gly Asn Gly Val Trp Ile Gly Arg Thr Lys Ser Asp Ser Ser Arg
340 345 350
His Gly Phe Glu Met Ile Trp Asp Pro Asn Gly Trp Thr Glu Thr Asp
355 360 365
Ser Arg Phe Ser Met Arg Gln Asp Val Val Ala Met Thr Asp Arg Ser
370 375 380
Gly Tyr Ser Gly Ser Phe Val Gln His Pro Glu Leu Thr Gly Leu Asp
385 390 395 400
Cys Met Arg Pro Cys Phe Trp Val Glu Leu Ile Arg Gly Leu Pro Glu
405 410 415
Glu Asn Ala Ile Trp Thr Ser Gly Ser Ile Ile Ser Phe Cys Gly Val
420 425 430
Asn Ser Asp Thr Val Asp Trp Ser Trp Pro Asp Gly Ala Glu Leu Pro
435 440 445
Phe Thr Ile Asp Lys
450
<210> 5
<211> 29
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 5
Met Asn Pro Asn Gln Lys Ile Ile Thr Ile Gly Ser Ile Cys Met Val
1 5 10 15
Val Gly Ile Ile Ser Leu Ile Leu Gln Ile Gly Asn Ile
20 25
<210> 6
<211> 45
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 6
Ile Ser Ile Trp Ile Ser His Ser Ile Gln Thr Gly Asn Gln Asn His
1 5 10 15
Thr Gly Ile Cys Asn Gln Gly Ser Ile Thr Tyr Lys Val Val Ala Gly
20 25 30
Gln Asp Ser Thr Ser Val Ile Leu Thr Gly Asn Ser Ser
35 40 45
<210> 7
<211> 379
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 7
Leu Cys Pro Ile Arg Gly Trp Ala Ile His Ser Lys Asp Asn Gly Ile
1 5 10 15
Arg Ile Gly Ser Lys Gly Asp Val Phe Val Ile Arg Glu Pro Phe Ile
20 25 30
Ser Cys Ser His Leu Glu Cys Arg Thr Phe Phe Leu Thr Gln Gly Ala
35 40 45
Leu Leu Asn Asp Lys His Ser Arg Gly Thr Phe Lys Asp Arg Ser Pro
50 55 60
Tyr Arg Ala Leu Met Ser Cys Pro Val Gly Glu Ala Pro Ser Pro Tyr
65 70 75 80
Asn Ser Arg Phe Glu Ser Val Ala Trp Ser Ala Ser Ala Cys His Asp
85 90 95
Gly Met Gly Trp Leu Thr Ile Gly Ile Ser Gly Pro Asp Asp Gly Ala
100 105 110
Val Ala Val Leu Lys Tyr Asn Gly Ile Ile Thr Glu Thr Ile Lys Ser
115 120 125
Trp Arg Lys Asn Ile Leu Arg Thr Gln Glu Ser Glu Cys Thr Cys Val
130 135 140
Asn Gly Ser Cys Phe Thr Ile Met Thr Asp Gly Pro Ser Asp Gly Leu
145 150 155 160
Ala Ser Tyr Lys Ile Phe Lys Ile Glu Lys Gly Lys Val Thr Lys Ser
165 170 175
Ile Glu Leu Asn Ala Pro Asn Ser His Tyr Glu Glu Cys Ser Cys Tyr
180 185 190
Pro Asp Thr Gly Lys Val Met Cys Val Cys Arg Asp Asn Trp His Gly
195 200 205
Ser Asn Arg Pro Trp Val Ser Phe Asp Gln Asn Leu Asp Tyr Lys Ile
210 215 220
Gly Tyr Ile Cys Ser Gly Val Phe Gly Asp Asn Pro Arg Pro Lys Asp
225 230 235 240
Gly Thr Gly Ser Cys Gly Pro Val Ser Ala Asp Gly Ala Asn Gly Val
245 250 255
Lys Gly Phe Ser Tyr Lys Tyr Gly Asn Gly Val Trp Ile Gly Arg Thr
260 265 270
Lys Ser Asp Ser Ser Arg His Gly Phe Glu Met Ile Trp Asp Pro Asn
275 280 285
Gly Trp Thr Glu Thr Asp Ser Arg Phe Ser Met Arg Gln Asp Val Val
290 295 300
Ala Met Thr Asp Arg Ser Gly Tyr Ser Gly Ser Phe Val Gln His Pro
305 310 315 320
Glu Leu Thr Gly Leu Asp Cys Met Arg Pro Cys Phe Trp Val Glu Leu
325 330 335
Ile Arg Gly Leu Pro Glu Glu Asn Ala Ile Trp Thr Ser Gly Ser Ile
340 345 350
Ile Ser Phe Cys Gly Val Asn Ser Asp Thr Val Asp Trp Ser Trp Pro
355 360 365
Asp Gly Ala Glu Leu Pro Phe Thr Ile Asp Lys
370 375
<210> 8
<211> 453
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 8
Met Asn Pro Asn Gln Lys Ile Ile Thr Ile Gly Ser Ile Cys Met Val
1 5 10 15
Val Gly Ile Ile Ser Leu Ile Leu Gln Ile Gly Asn Ile Ile Ser Ile
20 25 30
Trp Ile Ser His Ser Ile Gln Thr Gly Asn Gln Ala His Thr Gly Ile
35 40 45
Cys Asn Gln Gly Ser Ile Thr Tyr Lys Val Val Ala Gly Gln Asp Ser
50 55 60
Thr Ser Val Ile Leu Thr Gly Asn Ser Ser Leu Cys Pro Ile Arg Gly
65 70 75 80
Trp Ala Ile His Ser Lys Asp Asn Gly Ile Arg Ile Gly Ser Lys Gly
85 90 95
Asp Val Phe Val Ile Arg Glu Pro Phe Ile Ser Cys Ser His Leu Glu
100 105 110
Cys Arg Thr Phe Phe Leu Thr Gln Gly Ala Leu Leu Asn Asp Lys His
115 120 125
Ser Arg Gly Thr Phe Lys Asp Arg Ser Pro Tyr Arg Ala Leu Met Ser
130 135 140
Cys Pro Val Gly Glu Ala Pro Ser Pro Tyr Asn Ser Arg Phe Glu Ser
145 150 155 160
Val Ala Trp Ser Ala Ser Ala Cys His Asp Gly Met Gly Trp Leu Thr
165 170 175
Ile Gly Ile Ser Gly Pro Asp Asp Gly Ala Val Ala Val Leu Lys Tyr
180 185 190
Asn Gly Ile Ile Thr Glu Thr Ile Lys Ser Trp Arg Lys Asn Ile Leu
195 200 205
Arg Thr Gln Glu Ser Glu Cys Thr Cys Val Asn Gly Ser Cys Phe Thr
210 215 220
Ile Met Thr Asp Gly Pro Ser Asp Gly Leu Ala Ser Tyr Lys Ile Phe
225 230 235 240
Lys Ile Glu Lys Gly Lys Val Thr Lys Ser Ile Glu Leu Asn Ala Pro
245 250 255
Asn Ser His Tyr Glu Glu Cys Ser Cys Tyr Pro Asp Thr Gly Lys Val
260 265 270
Met Cys Val Cys Arg Asp Asn Trp His Gly Ser Asn Arg Pro Trp Val
275 280 285
Ser Phe Asp Gln Asn Leu Asp Tyr Lys Ile Gly Tyr Ile Cys Ser Gly
290 295 300
Val Phe Gly Asp Asn Pro Arg Pro Lys Asp Gly Thr Gly Ser Cys Gly
305 310 315 320
Pro Val Ser Ala Asp Gly Ala Asn Gly Val Lys Gly Phe Ser Tyr Lys
325 330 335
Tyr Gly Asn Gly Val Trp Ile Gly Arg Thr Lys Ser Asp Ser Ser Arg
340 345 350
His Gly Phe Glu Met Ile Trp Asp Pro Asn Gly Trp Thr Glu Thr Asp
355 360 365
Ser Arg Phe Ser Met Arg Gln Asp Val Val Ala Met Thr Asp Arg Ser
370 375 380
Gly Tyr Ser Gly Ser Phe Val Gln His Pro Glu Leu Thr Gly Leu Asp
385 390 395 400
Cys Met Arg Pro Cys Phe Trp Val Glu Leu Ile Arg Gly Leu Pro Glu
405 410 415
Glu Asn Ala Ile Trp Thr Ser Gly Ser Ile Ile Ser Phe Cys Gly Val
420 425 430
Asn Ser Asp Thr Val Asp Trp Ser Trp Pro Asp Gly Ala Glu Leu Pro
435 440 445
Phe Thr Ile Asp Lys
450
<210> 9
<211> 453
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 9
Met Asn Pro Asn Gln Lys Ile Ile Thr Ile Gly Ser Ile Cys Met Val
1 5 10 15
Val Gly Ile Ile Ser Leu Ile Leu Gln Ile Gly Asn Ile Ile Ser Ile
20 25 30
Trp Ile Ser His Ser Ile Gln Thr Gly Asn Gln Asn His Thr Gly Ile
35 40 45
Cys Asn Gln Gly Ser Ile Thr Tyr Lys Val Val Ala Gly Gln Asp Ser
50 55 60
Thr Ser Val Ile Leu Thr Gly Ala Ser Ser Leu Cys Pro Ile Arg Gly
65 70 75 80
Trp Ala Ile His Ser Lys Asp Asn Gly Ile Arg Ile Gly Ser Lys Gly
85 90 95
Asp Val Phe Val Ile Arg Glu Pro Phe Ile Ser Cys Ser His Leu Glu
100 105 110
Cys Arg Thr Phe Phe Leu Thr Gln Gly Ala Leu Leu Asn Asp Lys His
115 120 125
Ser Arg Gly Thr Phe Lys Asp Arg Ser Pro Tyr Arg Ala Leu Met Ser
130 135 140
Cys Pro Val Gly Glu Ala Pro Ser Pro Tyr Asn Ser Arg Phe Glu Ser
145 150 155 160
Val Ala Trp Ser Ala Ser Ala Cys His Asp Gly Met Gly Trp Leu Thr
165 170 175
Ile Gly Ile Ser Gly Pro Asp Asp Gly Ala Val Ala Val Leu Lys Tyr
180 185 190
Asn Gly Ile Ile Thr Glu Thr Ile Lys Ser Trp Arg Lys Asn Ile Leu
195 200 205
Arg Thr Gln Glu Ser Glu Cys Thr Cys Val Asn Gly Ser Cys Phe Thr
210 215 220
Ile Met Thr Asp Gly Pro Ser Asp Gly Leu Ala Ser Tyr Lys Ile Phe
225 230 235 240
Lys Ile Glu Lys Gly Lys Val Thr Lys Ser Ile Glu Leu Asn Ala Pro
245 250 255
Asn Ser His Tyr Glu Glu Cys Ser Cys Tyr Pro Asp Thr Gly Lys Val
260 265 270
Met Cys Val Cys Arg Asp Asn Trp His Gly Ser Asn Arg Pro Trp Val
275 280 285
Ser Phe Asp Gln Asn Leu Asp Tyr Lys Ile Gly Tyr Ile Cys Ser Gly
290 295 300
Val Phe Gly Asp Asn Pro Arg Pro Lys Asp Gly Thr Gly Ser Cys Gly
305 310 315 320
Pro Val Ser Ala Asp Gly Ala Asn Gly Val Lys Gly Phe Ser Tyr Lys
325 330 335
Tyr Gly Asn Gly Val Trp Ile Gly Arg Thr Lys Ser Asp Ser Ser Arg
340 345 350
His Gly Phe Glu Met Ile Trp Asp Pro Asn Gly Trp Thr Glu Thr Asp
355 360 365
Ser Arg Phe Ser Met Arg Gln Asp Val Val Ala Met Thr Asp Arg Ser
370 375 380
Gly Tyr Ser Gly Ser Phe Val Gln His Pro Glu Leu Thr Gly Leu Asp
385 390 395 400
Cys Met Arg Pro Cys Phe Trp Val Glu Leu Ile Arg Gly Leu Pro Glu
405 410 415
Glu Asn Ala Ile Trp Thr Ser Gly Ser Ile Ile Ser Phe Cys Gly Val
420 425 430
Asn Ser Asp Thr Val Asp Trp Ser Trp Pro Asp Gly Ala Glu Leu Pro
435 440 445
Phe Thr Ile Asp Lys
450
<210> 10
<211> 453
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 10
Met Asn Pro Asn Gln Lys Ile Ile Thr Ile Gly Ser Ile Cys Met Val
1 5 10 15
Val Gly Ile Ile Ser Leu Ile Leu Gln Ile Gly Asn Ile Ile Ser Ile
20 25 30
Trp Ile Ser His Ser Ile Gln Thr Gly Asn Gln Ala His Thr Gly Ile
35 40 45
Cys Asn Gln Gly Ser Ile Thr Tyr Lys Val Val Ala Gly Gln Asp Ser
50 55 60
Thr Ser Val Ile Leu Thr Gly Ala Ser Ser Leu Cys Pro Ile Arg Gly
65 70 75 80
Trp Ala Ile His Ser Lys Asp Asn Gly Ile Arg Ile Gly Ser Lys Gly
85 90 95
Asp Val Phe Val Ile Arg Glu Pro Phe Ile Ser Cys Ser His Leu Glu
100 105 110
Cys Arg Thr Phe Phe Leu Thr Gln Gly Ala Leu Leu Asn Asp Lys His
115 120 125
Ser Arg Gly Thr Phe Lys Asp Arg Ser Pro Tyr Arg Ala Leu Met Ser
130 135 140
Cys Pro Val Gly Glu Ala Pro Ser Pro Tyr Asn Ser Arg Phe Glu Ser
145 150 155 160
Val Ala Trp Ser Ala Ser Ala Cys His Asp Gly Met Gly Trp Leu Thr
165 170 175
Ile Gly Ile Ser Gly Pro Asp Asp Gly Ala Val Ala Val Leu Lys Tyr
180 185 190
Asn Gly Ile Ile Thr Glu Thr Ile Lys Ser Trp Arg Lys Asn Ile Leu
195 200 205
Arg Thr Gln Glu Ser Glu Cys Thr Cys Val Asn Gly Ser Cys Phe Thr
210 215 220
Ile Met Thr Asp Gly Pro Ser Asp Gly Leu Ala Ser Tyr Lys Ile Phe
225 230 235 240
Lys Ile Glu Lys Gly Lys Val Thr Lys Ser Ile Glu Leu Asn Ala Pro
245 250 255
Asn Ser His Tyr Glu Glu Cys Ser Cys Tyr Pro Asp Thr Gly Lys Val
260 265 270
Met Cys Val Cys Arg Asp Asn Trp His Gly Ser Asn Arg Pro Trp Val
275 280 285
Ser Phe Asp Gln Asn Leu Asp Tyr Lys Ile Gly Tyr Ile Cys Ser Gly
290 295 300
Val Phe Gly Asp Asn Pro Arg Pro Lys Asp Gly Thr Gly Ser Cys Gly
305 310 315 320
Pro Val Ser Ala Asp Gly Ala Asn Gly Val Lys Gly Phe Ser Tyr Lys
325 330 335
Tyr Gly Asn Gly Val Trp Ile Gly Arg Thr Lys Ser Asp Ser Ser Arg
340 345 350
His Gly Phe Glu Met Ile Trp Asp Pro Asn Gly Trp Thr Glu Thr Asp
355 360 365
Ser Arg Phe Ser Met Arg Gln Asp Val Val Ala Met Thr Asp Arg Ser
370 375 380
Gly Tyr Ser Gly Ser Phe Val Gln His Pro Glu Leu Thr Gly Leu Asp
385 390 395 400
Cys Met Arg Pro Cys Phe Trp Val Glu Leu Ile Arg Gly Leu Pro Glu
405 410 415
Glu Asn Ala Ile Trp Thr Ser Gly Ser Ile Ile Ser Phe Cys Gly Val
420 425 430
Asn Ser Asp Thr Val Asp Trp Ser Trp Pro Asp Gly Ala Glu Leu Pro
435 440 445
Phe Thr Ile Asp Lys
450
<210> 11
<211> 453
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 11
Met Asn Pro Asn Gln Lys Ile Ile Thr Ile Gly Ser Ile Cys Met Val
1 5 10 15
Val Gly Ile Ile Ser Leu Ile Leu Gln Ile Gly Asn Ile Ile Ser Ile
20 25 30
Trp Ile Ser His Ser Ile Gln Thr Gly Asn Gln Ala His Thr Gly Ile
35 40 45
Cys Asn Gln Gly Ser Ile Thr Tyr Lys Val Val Ala Gly Gln Asp Ser
50 55 60
Thr Ser Val Ile Leu Thr Gly Ala Ser Ser Leu Cys Pro Ile Arg Gly
65 70 75 80
Trp Ala Ile His Ser Lys Asp Asn Gly Ile Arg Ile Gly Ser Lys Gly
85 90 95
Asp Val Phe Val Ile Arg Glu Pro Phe Ile Ser Cys Ser His Leu Glu
100 105 110
Cys Arg Thr Phe Phe Leu Thr Gln Gly Ala Leu Leu Asn Asp Lys His
115 120 125
Ser Arg Gly Thr Phe Lys Asp Arg Ser Pro Tyr Arg Ala Leu Met Ser
130 135 140
Cys Pro Val Gly Glu Ala Pro Ser Pro Tyr Asn Ser Arg Phe Glu Ser
145 150 155 160
Val Ala Trp Ser Ala Ser Ala Cys His Asp Gly Met Gly Trp Leu Thr
165 170 175
Ile Gly Ile Ser Gly Pro Asp Asp Gly Ala Val Ala Val Leu Lys Tyr
180 185 190
Asn Gly Ile Ile Thr Glu Thr Ile Lys Ser Trp Arg Lys Asn Ile Leu
195 200 205
Arg Thr Gln Glu Ser Glu Cys Thr Cys Val Ala Gly Ser Cys Phe Thr
210 215 220
Ile Met Thr Asp Gly Pro Ser Asp Gly Leu Ala Ser Tyr Lys Ile Phe
225 230 235 240
Lys Ile Glu Lys Gly Lys Val Thr Lys Ser Ile Glu Leu Asn Ala Pro
245 250 255
Asn Ser His Tyr Glu Glu Cys Ser Cys Tyr Pro Asp Thr Gly Lys Val
260 265 270
Met Cys Val Cys Arg Asp Asn Trp His Gly Ser Asn Arg Pro Trp Val
275 280 285
Ser Phe Asp Gln Asn Leu Asp Tyr Lys Ile Gly Tyr Ile Cys Ser Gly
290 295 300
Val Phe Gly Asp Asn Pro Arg Pro Lys Asp Gly Thr Gly Ser Cys Gly
305 310 315 320
Pro Val Ser Ala Asp Gly Ala Asn Gly Val Lys Gly Phe Ser Tyr Lys
325 330 335
Tyr Gly Asn Gly Val Trp Ile Gly Arg Thr Lys Ser Asp Ser Ser Arg
340 345 350
His Gly Phe Glu Met Ile Trp Asp Pro Asn Gly Trp Thr Glu Thr Asp
355 360 365
Ser Arg Phe Ser Met Arg Gln Asp Val Val Ala Met Thr Asp Arg Ser
370 375 380
Gly Tyr Ser Gly Ser Phe Val Gln His Pro Glu Leu Thr Gly Leu Asp
385 390 395 400
Cys Met Arg Pro Cys Phe Trp Val Glu Leu Ile Arg Gly Leu Pro Glu
405 410 415
Glu Asn Ala Ile Trp Thr Ser Gly Ser Ile Ile Ser Phe Cys Gly Val
420 425 430
Asn Ser Asp Thr Val Asp Trp Ser Trp Pro Asp Gly Ala Glu Leu Pro
435 440 445
Phe Thr Ile Asp Lys
450
<210> 12
<211> 453
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 12
Met Asn Pro Asn Gln Lys Ile Ile Thr Ile Gly Ser Ile Cys Met Val
1 5 10 15
Val Gly Ile Ile Ser Leu Ile Leu Gln Ile Gly Asn Ile Ile Ser Ile
20 25 30
Trp Ile Ser His Ser Ile Gln Thr Gly Asn Gln Asn His Thr Gly Ile
35 40 45
Cys Asn Gln Gly Ser Ile Thr Tyr Lys Val Val Ala Gly Gln Asp Ser
50 55 60
Thr Ser Val Ile Leu Thr Gly Asn Ser Ser Leu Cys Pro Ile Arg Gly
65 70 75 80
Trp Ala Ile His Ser Lys Asp Asn Gly Ile Arg Ile Gly Ser Lys Gly
85 90 95
Asp Val Phe Val Ile Ala Glu Pro Phe Ile Ser Cys Ser His Leu Glu
100 105 110
Cys Arg Thr Phe Phe Leu Thr Gln Gly Ala Leu Leu Asn Asp Lys His
115 120 125
Ser Arg Gly Thr Phe Lys Asp Arg Ser Pro Tyr Arg Ala Leu Met Ser
130 135 140
Cys Pro Val Gly Glu Ala Pro Ser Pro Tyr Asn Ser Arg Phe Glu Ser
145 150 155 160
Val Ala Trp Ser Ala Ser Ala Cys His Asp Gly Met Gly Trp Leu Thr
165 170 175
Ile Gly Ile Ser Gly Pro Asp Asp Gly Ala Val Ala Val Leu Lys Tyr
180 185 190
Asn Gly Ile Ile Thr Glu Thr Ile Lys Ser Trp Arg Lys Asn Ile Leu
195 200 205
Arg Thr Gln Glu Ser Glu Cys Thr Cys Val Asn Gly Ser Cys Phe Thr
210 215 220
Ile Met Thr Asp Gly Pro Ser Asp Gly Leu Ala Ser Tyr Lys Ile Phe
225 230 235 240
Lys Ile Glu Lys Gly Lys Val Thr Lys Ser Ile Glu Leu Asn Ala Pro
245 250 255
Asn Ser His Tyr Glu Glu Cys Ser Cys Tyr Pro Asp Thr Gly Lys Val
260 265 270
Met Cys Val Cys Arg Asp Asn Trp His Gly Ser Asn Arg Pro Trp Val
275 280 285
Ser Phe Asp Gln Asn Leu Asp Tyr Lys Ile Gly Tyr Ile Cys Ser Gly
290 295 300
Val Phe Gly Asp Asn Pro Arg Pro Lys Asp Gly Thr Gly Ser Cys Gly
305 310 315 320
Pro Val Ser Ala Asp Gly Ala Asn Gly Val Lys Gly Phe Ser Tyr Lys
325 330 335
Tyr Gly Asn Gly Val Trp Ile Gly Arg Thr Lys Ser Asp Ser Ser Arg
340 345 350
His Gly Phe Glu Met Ile Trp Asp Pro Asn Gly Trp Thr Glu Thr Asp
355 360 365
Ser Arg Phe Ser Met Arg Gln Asp Val Val Ala Met Thr Asp Arg Ser
370 375 380
Gly Tyr Ser Gly Ser Phe Val Gln His Pro Glu Leu Thr Gly Leu Asp
385 390 395 400
Cys Met Arg Pro Cys Phe Trp Val Glu Leu Ile Arg Gly Leu Pro Glu
405 410 415
Glu Asn Ala Ile Trp Thr Ser Gly Ser Ile Ile Ser Phe Cys Gly Val
420 425 430
Asn Ser Asp Thr Val Asp Trp Ser Trp Pro Asp Gly Ala Glu Leu Pro
435 440 445
Phe Thr Ile Asp Lys
450
<210> 13
<211> 453
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 13
Met Asn Pro Asn Gln Lys Ile Ile Thr Ile Gly Ser Ile Cys Met Val
1 5 10 15
Val Gly Ile Ile Ser Leu Ile Leu Gln Ile Gly Asn Ile Ile Ser Ile
20 25 30
Trp Ile Ser His Ser Ile Gln Thr Gly Asn Gln Asn His Thr Gly Ile
35 40 45
Cys Asn Gln Gly Ser Ile Thr Tyr Lys Val Val Ala Gly Gln Asp Ser
50 55 60
Thr Ser Val Ile Leu Thr Gly Asn Ser Ser Leu Cys Pro Ile Arg Gly
65 70 75 80
Trp Ala Ile His Ser Lys Asp Asn Gly Ile Arg Ile Gly Ser Lys Gly
85 90 95
Asp Val Phe Val Ile Arg Glu Pro Phe Ile Ser Cys Ser His Leu Glu
100 105 110
Cys Arg Thr Phe Phe Leu Thr Gln Gly Ala Leu Leu Asn Asp Lys His
115 120 125
Ser Arg Gly Thr Phe Lys Ala Arg Ser Pro Tyr Arg Ala Leu Met Ser
130 135 140
Cys Pro Val Gly Glu Ala Pro Ser Pro Tyr Asn Ser Arg Phe Glu Ser
145 150 155 160
Val Ala Trp Ser Ala Ser Ala Cys His Asp Gly Met Gly Trp Leu Thr
165 170 175
Ile Gly Ile Ser Gly Pro Asp Asp Gly Ala Val Ala Val Leu Lys Tyr
180 185 190
Asn Gly Ile Ile Thr Glu Thr Ile Lys Ser Trp Arg Lys Asn Ile Leu
195 200 205
Arg Thr Gln Glu Ser Glu Cys Thr Cys Val Asn Gly Ser Cys Phe Thr
210 215 220
Ile Met Thr Asp Gly Pro Ser Asp Gly Leu Ala Ser Tyr Lys Ile Phe
225 230 235 240
Lys Ile Glu Lys Gly Lys Val Thr Lys Ser Ile Glu Leu Asn Ala Pro
245 250 255
Asn Ser His Tyr Glu Glu Cys Ser Cys Tyr Pro Asp Thr Gly Lys Val
260 265 270
Met Cys Val Cys Arg Asp Asn Trp His Gly Ser Asn Arg Pro Trp Val
275 280 285
Ser Phe Asp Gln Asn Leu Asp Tyr Lys Ile Gly Tyr Ile Cys Ser Gly
290 295 300
Val Phe Gly Asp Asn Pro Arg Pro Lys Asp Gly Thr Gly Ser Cys Gly
305 310 315 320
Pro Val Ser Ala Asp Gly Ala Asn Gly Val Lys Gly Phe Ser Tyr Lys
325 330 335
Tyr Gly Asn Gly Val Trp Ile Gly Arg Thr Lys Ser Asp Ser Ser Arg
340 345 350
His Gly Phe Glu Met Ile Trp Asp Pro Asn Gly Trp Thr Glu Thr Asp
355 360 365
Ser Arg Phe Ser Met Arg Gln Asp Val Val Ala Met Thr Asp Arg Ser
370 375 380
Gly Tyr Ser Gly Ser Phe Val Gln His Pro Glu Leu Thr Gly Leu Asp
385 390 395 400
Cys Met Arg Pro Cys Phe Trp Val Glu Leu Ile Arg Gly Leu Pro Glu
405 410 415
Glu Asn Ala Ile Trp Thr Ser Gly Ser Ile Ile Ser Phe Cys Gly Val
420 425 430
Asn Ser Asp Thr Val Asp Trp Ser Trp Pro Asp Gly Ala Glu Leu Pro
435 440 445
Phe Thr Ile Asp Lys
450
<210> 14
<211> 453
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 14
Met Asn Pro Asn Gln Lys Ile Ile Thr Ile Gly Ser Ile Cys Met Val
1 5 10 15
Val Gly Ile Ile Ser Leu Ile Leu Gln Ile Gly Asn Ile Ile Ser Ile
20 25 30
Trp Ile Ser His Ser Ile Gln Thr Gly Asn Gln Asn His Thr Gly Ile
35 40 45
Cys Asn Gln Gly Ser Ile Thr Tyr Lys Val Val Ala Gly Gln Asp Ser
50 55 60
Thr Ser Val Ile Leu Thr Gly Asn Ser Ser Leu Cys Pro Ile Arg Gly
65 70 75 80
Trp Ala Ile His Ser Lys Asp Asn Gly Ile Arg Ile Gly Ser Lys Gly
85 90 95
Asp Val Phe Val Ile Arg Glu Pro Phe Ile Ser Cys Ser His Leu Glu
100 105 110
Cys Arg Thr Phe Phe Leu Thr Gln Gly Ala Leu Leu Asn Asp Lys His
115 120 125
Ser Arg Gly Thr Phe Lys Asp Arg Ser Pro Tyr Arg Ala Leu Met Ser
130 135 140
Cys Pro Val Gly Glu Ala Pro Ser Pro Tyr Asn Ser Arg Phe Glu Ser
145 150 155 160
Val Ala Trp Ser Ala Ser Ala Cys His Asp Gly Met Gly Trp Leu Thr
165 170 175
Ile Gly Ile Ser Gly Pro Asp Asp Gly Ala Val Ala Val Leu Lys Tyr
180 185 190
Asn Gly Ile Ile Thr Glu Thr Ile Lys Ser Trp Arg Lys Asn Ile Leu
195 200 205
Arg Thr Gln Glu Ser Glu Cys Thr Cys Val Asn Gly Ser Cys Phe Thr
210 215 220
Ile Met Thr Asp Gly Pro Ser Asp Gly Leu Ala Ser Tyr Lys Ile Phe
225 230 235 240
Lys Ile Glu Lys Gly Lys Val Thr Lys Ser Ile Glu Leu Asn Ala Pro
245 250 255
Asn Ser His Tyr Glu Glu Cys Ser Cys Tyr Pro Asp Thr Gly Lys Val
260 265 270
Met Cys Val Cys Arg Asp Asn Trp His Gly Ser Asn Arg Pro Trp Val
275 280 285
Ser Phe Asp Gln Asn Leu Asp Tyr Lys Ile Gly Tyr Ile Cys Ser Gly
290 295 300
Val Phe Gly Asp Asn Pro Arg Pro Lys Asp Gly Thr Gly Ser Cys Gly
305 310 315 320
Pro Val Ser Ala Asp Gly Ala Asn Gly Val Lys Gly Phe Ser Tyr Lys
325 330 335
Tyr Gly Asn Gly Val Trp Ile Gly Arg Thr Lys Ser Asp Ser Ser Arg
340 345 350
His Gly Phe Glu Met Ile Trp Asp Pro Asn Gly Trp Thr Glu Thr Asp
355 360 365
Ser Arg Phe Ser Met Arg Gln Asp Val Val Ala Met Thr Asp Arg Ser
370 375 380
Gly Tyr Ser Ala Ser Phe Val Gln His Pro Glu Leu Thr Gly Leu Asp
385 390 395 400
Cys Met Arg Pro Cys Phe Trp Val Glu Leu Ile Arg Gly Leu Pro Glu
405 410 415
Glu Asn Ala Ile Trp Thr Ser Gly Ser Ile Ile Ser Phe Cys Gly Val
420 425 430
Asn Ser Asp Thr Val Asp Trp Ser Trp Pro Asp Gly Ala Glu Leu Pro
435 440 445
Phe Thr Ile Asp Lys
450
<210> 15
<211> 74
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 15
Met Asn Pro Asn Gln Lys Ile Ile Thr Ile Gly Ser Ile Cys Met Val
1 5 10 15
Val Gly Ile Ile Ser Leu Ile Leu Gln Ile Gly Asn Ile Ile Ser Ile
20 25 30
Trp Ile Ser His Ser Ile Gln Thr Gly Asn Gln Asn His Thr Gly Ile
35 40 45
Cys Asn Gln Gly Ser Ile Thr Tyr Lys Val Val Ala Gly Gln Asp Ser
50 55 60
Thr Ser Val Ile Leu Thr Gly Asn Ser Ser
65 70
<210> 16
<211> 565
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 16
Met Lys Ala Phe Val Leu Val Leu Leu Tyr Ala Phe Val Ala Thr Asp
1 5 10 15
Ala Asp Thr Ile Cys Ile Gly Tyr His Ala Asn Asn Ser Thr Asp Thr
20 25 30
Val Asp Thr Ile Phe Glu Lys Asn Val Ala Val Thr His Ser Val Asn
35 40 45
Leu Leu Glu Asp Arg His Asn Gly Lys Leu Cys Lys Leu Lys Gly Ile
50 55 60
Ala Pro Leu Gln Leu Gly Lys Cys Asn Ile Thr Gly Trp Leu Leu Gly
65 70 75 80
Asn Pro Glu Cys Asp Ser Leu Leu Pro Ala Arg Ser Trp Ser Tyr Ile
85 90 95
Val Glu Thr Pro Asn Ser Glu Asn Gly Ala Cys Tyr Pro Gly Asp Phe
100 105 110
Ile Asp Tyr Glu Glu Leu Arg Glu Gln Leu Ser Ser Val Ser Ser Leu
115 120 125
Glu Arg Phe Glu Ile Phe Pro Lys Glu Ser Ser Trp Pro Ala His Thr
130 135 140
Phe Asn Gly Val Thr Val Ser Cys Ser His Arg Gly Lys Ser Ser Phe
145 150 155 160
Tyr Arg Asn Leu Leu Trp Leu Thr Lys Lys Gly Asp Ser Tyr Pro Lys
165 170 175
Leu Thr Asn Ser Tyr Val Asn Asn Lys Gly Lys Glu Val Leu Val Leu
180 185 190
Trp Gly Val His His Pro Ser Ser Ser Asp Glu Gln Gln Ser Leu Tyr
195 200 205
Ser Asn Gly Asn Ala Tyr Val Ser Val Ala Ser Ser Asn Tyr Asn Arg
210 215 220
Arg Phe Thr Pro Glu Ile Ala Ala Arg Pro Lys Val Lys Asp Gln His
225 230 235 240
Gly Arg Met Asn Tyr Tyr Trp Thr Leu Leu Glu Pro Gly Asp Thr Ile
245 250 255
Ile Phe Glu Ala Thr Gly Asn Leu Ile Ala Pro Trp Tyr Ala Phe Ala
260 265 270
Leu Ser Arg Gly Phe Glu Ser Gly Ile Ile Thr Ser Asn Ala Ser Met
275 280 285
His Glu Cys Asn Thr Lys Cys Gln Thr Pro Gln Gly Ser Ile Asn Ser
290 295 300
Asn Leu Pro Phe Gln Asn Ile His Pro Val Thr Ile Gly Glu Cys Pro
305 310 315 320
Lys Tyr Val Arg Ser Thr Lys Leu Arg Met Val Thr Gly Leu Arg Asn
325 330 335
Ile Pro Ser Ile Gln Tyr Arg Gly Leu Phe Gly Ala Ile Ala Gly Phe
340 345 350
Ile Glu Gly Gly Trp Thr Gly Met Ile Asp Gly Trp Tyr Gly Tyr His
355 360 365
His Gln Asn Glu Gln Gly Ser Gly Tyr Ala Ala Asp Gln Lys Ser Thr
370 375 380
Gln Asn Ala Ile Asn Arg Ile Thr Asn Lys Val Asn Ser Val Ile Glu
385 390 395 400
Lys Met Asn Thr Gln Phe Thr Ala Val Gly Lys Glu Phe Asn Asn Leu
405 410 415
Glu Lys Arg Met Glu Asn Leu Asn Lys Lys Val Asp Asp Gly Phe Leu
420 425 430
Asp Ile Trp Thr Tyr Asn Ala Glu Leu Leu Val Leu Leu Glu Asn Glu
435 440 445
Arg Thr Leu Asp Phe His Asp Leu Asn Val Lys Asn Leu Tyr Glu Lys
450 455 460
Val Lys Ser Gln Leu Lys Asn Asn Ala Lys Glu Ile Gly Asn Gly Cys
465 470 475 480
Phe Glu Phe Tyr His Lys Cys Asp Asn Glu Cys Met Glu Ser Val Arg
485 490 495
Asn Gly Thr Tyr Asp Tyr Pro Lys Tyr Ser Glu Glu Ser Lys Leu Asn
500 505 510
Arg Glu Lys Ile Asp Gly Val Lys Leu Glu Ser Met Gly Val Tyr Gln
515 520 525
Ile Leu Ala Ile Tyr Ser Thr Val Ala Ser Ser Leu Val Leu Leu Val
530 535 540
Ser Leu Gly Ala Ile Ser Phe Trp Met Cys Ser Asn Gly Ser Leu Gln
545 550 555 560
Cys Arg Ile Cys Ile
565
<210> 17
<211> 565
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 17
Met Lys Ala Phe Val Leu Val Leu Leu Tyr Ala Phe Val Ala Thr Asp
1 5 10 15
Ala Asp Thr Ile Cys Ile Gly Tyr His Ala Asn Asn Ser Thr Asp Thr
20 25 30
Val Asp Thr Ile Phe Glu Lys Asn Val Ala Val Thr His Ser Val Asn
35 40 45
Leu Leu Glu Asp Arg His Asn Gly Lys Leu Cys Lys Leu Lys Gly Ile
50 55 60
Ala Pro Leu Gln Leu Gly Lys Cys Asn Ile Thr Gly Trp Leu Leu Gly
65 70 75 80
Asn Pro Glu Cys Asp Ser Leu Leu Pro Ala Arg Ser Trp Ser Tyr Ile
85 90 95
Val Glu Thr Pro Asn Ser Glu Asn Gly Ala Cys Tyr Pro Gly Asp Phe
100 105 110
Ile Asp Tyr Glu Glu Leu Arg Glu Gln Leu Ser Ser Val Ser Ser Leu
115 120 125
Glu Arg Phe Glu Ile Phe Pro Lys Glu Ser Ser Trp Pro Ala His Thr
130 135 140
Phe Asn Gly Val Thr Val Ser Cys Ser His Arg Gly Lys Ser Ser Phe
145 150 155 160
Tyr Arg Asn Leu Leu Trp Leu Thr Lys Lys Gly Asp Ser Tyr Pro Lys
165 170 175
Leu Thr Asn Ser Tyr Val Asn Asn Lys Gly Lys Glu Val Leu Val Leu
180 185 190
Trp Gly Val His His Pro Ser Ser Ser Asp Glu Gln Gln Ser Leu Tyr
195 200 205
Ser Asn Gly Asn Ala Tyr Val Ser Val Ala Ser Ser Asn Tyr Asn Arg
210 215 220
Arg Phe Thr Pro Glu Ile Ala Ala Arg Pro Lys Val Lys Asp Gln His
225 230 235 240
Gly Arg Met Asn Tyr Tyr Trp Thr Leu Leu Glu Pro Gly Asp Thr Ile
245 250 255
Ile Phe Glu Ala Thr Gly Asn Leu Ile Ala Pro Trp Tyr Ala Phe Ala
260 265 270
Leu Ser Arg Gly Phe Glu Ser Gly Ile Ile Thr Ser Ala Ala Ser Met
275 280 285
His Glu Cys Asn Thr Lys Cys Gln Thr Pro Gln Gly Ser Ile Asn Ser
290 295 300
Asn Leu Pro Phe Gln Asn Ile His Pro Val Thr Ile Gly Glu Cys Pro
305 310 315 320
Lys Tyr Val Arg Ser Thr Lys Leu Arg Met Val Thr Gly Leu Arg Asn
325 330 335
Ile Pro Ser Ile Gln Tyr Arg Gly Leu Phe Gly Ala Ile Ala Gly Phe
340 345 350
Ile Glu Gly Gly Trp Thr Gly Met Ile Asp Gly Trp Tyr Gly Tyr His
355 360 365
His Gln Asn Glu Gln Gly Ser Gly Tyr Ala Ala Asp Gln Lys Ser Thr
370 375 380
Gln Asn Ala Ile Asn Arg Ile Thr Asn Lys Val Asn Ser Val Ile Glu
385 390 395 400
Lys Met Asn Thr Gln Phe Thr Ala Val Gly Lys Glu Phe Asn Asn Leu
405 410 415
Glu Lys Arg Met Glu Asn Leu Asn Lys Lys Val Asp Asp Gly Phe Leu
420 425 430
Asp Ile Trp Thr Tyr Asn Ala Glu Leu Leu Val Leu Leu Glu Asn Glu
435 440 445
Arg Thr Leu Asp Phe His Asp Leu Asn Val Lys Asn Leu Tyr Glu Lys
450 455 460
Val Lys Ser Gln Leu Lys Asn Asn Ala Lys Glu Ile Gly Asn Gly Cys
465 470 475 480
Phe Glu Phe Tyr His Lys Cys Asp Asn Glu Cys Met Glu Ser Val Arg
485 490 495
Ala Gly Thr Tyr Asp Tyr Pro Lys Tyr Ser Glu Glu Ser Lys Leu Asn
500 505 510
Arg Glu Lys Ile Asp Gly Val Lys Leu Glu Ser Met Gly Val Tyr Gln
515 520 525
Ile Leu Ala Ile Tyr Ser Thr Val Ala Ser Ser Leu Val Leu Leu Val
530 535 540
Ser Leu Gly Ala Ile Ser Phe Trp Met Cys Ser Ala Gly Ser Leu Gln
545 550 555 560
Cys Arg Ile Cys Ile
565
<210> 18
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 18
Gly Ile Leu Gly Phe Val Phe Thr Leu
1 5
<210> 19
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 19
Arg Leu Glu Asp Val Phe Ala Gly Lys
1 5
<210> 20
<211> 8
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 20
Ala Ser Cys Met Gly Leu Ile Tyr
1 5
<210> 21
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 21
Cys Thr Glu Leu Lys Leu Ser Asp Tyr
1 5
<210> 22
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 22
Ser Arg Tyr Trp Ala Ile Arg Thr Arg
1 5
<210> 23
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 合成多肽
<400> 23
Leu Glu Leu Arg Ser Arg Tyr Trp Ala
1 5
Claims (11)
1.一种重组A型流行性感冒病毒,其包含一突变的神经氨酸酶,其相较于野生型神经氨酸酶在相当于SEQ ID NO:4的第102或135残基位置包含一个突变,其中第102残基位置的突变是R102A,第135残基位置的突变是D135A;其中该突变的神经氨酸酶的神经氨酸酶活性有缺损。
2.如权利要求1所述的重组A型流行性感冒病毒,其中该突变的神经氨酸酶包含SEQ IDNO:12的氨基酸序列。
3.如权利要求1所述的重组A型流行性感冒病毒,其中该突变的神经氨酸酶包含SEQ IDNO:13的氨基酸序列。
4.一种免疫组合物,包含:
(i)如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的重组A型流行性感冒病毒;以及
(ii)一药学上可接受的载体。
5.如权利要求4所述的免疫组合物,其中该药学上可接受的载体是一佐剂。
6.一种如权利要求4或5所述的免疫组合物于制备药物的用途,其中该药物可用以诱发一个体产生对抗A型流行性感冒病毒的免疫反应。
7.如权利要求6所述的用途,其中该个体是人类。
8.如权利要求7所述的用途,其中该人类个体是受到A型流行性感冒病毒感染、疑似受到A型流行性感冒病毒感染、或有受到A型流行性感冒病毒感染的风险。
9.如权利要求8所述的用途,其中该A型流行性感冒病毒是H1N1或H5N1的A型流行性感冒病毒。
10.如权利要求6所述的用途,其中该药物是经由一路径投予至该个体体内,其中该路径选自由口服、肠内投予、鼻腔投予、局部投予及经粘膜投予所组成的群组。
11.如权利要求6所述的用途,其中该药物经由非口服投予至该个体体内。
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