CN110106823A - Fish-aggregating device and its attracting fish method suitable for built power station - Google Patents
Fish-aggregating device and its attracting fish method suitable for built power station Download PDFInfo
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- CN110106823A CN110106823A CN201910135232.0A CN201910135232A CN110106823A CN 110106823 A CN110106823 A CN 110106823A CN 201910135232 A CN201910135232 A CN 201910135232A CN 110106823 A CN110106823 A CN 110106823A
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 260
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 261
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 description 17
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000001581 lymphogranuloma venereum Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102000010637 Aquaporins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010063290 Aquaporins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001363 water suppression through gradient tailored excitation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/006—Arresting, diverting or chasing away fish in water-courses or water intake ducts, seas or lakes, e.g. fish barrages, deterrent devices ; Devices for cleaning fish barriers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fish-aggregating devices suitable for built power station.It includes the tail water overhauling door gate slot being set on tail water tower or draft tube deck and the fish-collecting box being set in tail water tower or draft tube deck, tail water overhauling door gate slot top is equipped with hoisting mechanism, decentralization guide rail is equipped in tail water tower or draft tube deck, fish-collecting box both ends are connect with decentralization guide rail, and fish-collecting box is set to side in or beyond draft tube/tailrace tunnel；Fish-collecting box is equipped with fish inlet, and the fish inlet is towards draft tube/tailrace tunnel outside.The present invention has many advantages, such as easily to implement, invests that small, fish gathering is high-efficient, preferably protection fish.The invention also discloses a kind of attracting fish methods of fish-aggregating device suitable for built power station.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic engineerings and environment-friendly engineering technical field, more specifically say it is a kind of and are suitable for built water power
The fish-aggregating device stood.The invention further relates to a kind of attracting fish methods of fish-aggregating device suitable for built power station.
Background technique
According to statistics, by 2012, China is distributed 98002, reservoir, 46758, power station, these hydraulic and hydroelectric engineerings
While playing the benefits such as its flood control, power generation, shipping, very important influence is also brought to ecological environment, especially to fish
The barrier in class migration channel influences.Compared with so numerous dam, so far, the built fish pass structure in China less than hundred,
Barrier problem in fish migration channel is still very significant in basin perimeter.Currently, China has entered the Ecological Civilization Construction stage, extensive
The fish migration channel of multiple built engineering, it is very necessary to repair river ecosystem.
Fish pass structure restores the ecological protection measure in fish migration channel in the world using existing more than 300 as one
Year, play the role of restoring fish migration channel and link up the gene exchange of upstream and downstream fish group, main Types include fish pass, rise
Fish machine, promotion lock chamber sum aggregate, fortune fish system etc..
For new construction, it can consider that fish needed and be arranged fish pass structure in the planning and designing stage, and for built work
Journey, since its hinge pattern has been determined, supplement fish pass structure difficulty is very big.Reconstructing fish pass or imitative nature channel must have in dam
Having can reconstruct under conditions of non-overflow section of dam, but fish pass or imitative nature channel position will receive the limitation of hinge pattern；Reconstruct liter
Fish machine is also to the arrangement of collection lymphogranuloma inguinale, and crossing dam mode etc. has more requirement, and common engineering is difficult to realize；The transporting something containerized fish of fish gathering ship type formula
System is relatively independent, but has strict demand to the navigation condition in downstream.Therefore, in general existing fish mode of crossing is difficult to make
It applies for supplement fish pass structure in built engineering, to restrict the recovery in fish migration channel and the reparation effect of river ecological
Fruit.
Meanwhile for fish pass structure, no matter for which kind of fish pass structure, the fish gathering efficiency of import is to be related to fish
The most important link of effect.According to the migration habit of fish, fish, which generally have to trace back, flows habit, can be traced back along mainstream to barrier and be hindered
Hinder the forefront of object (such as dam), therefore optimal fish pass import is typically located near dam, but in practical situations, often
It was found that fish can trace back into workshop draft tube, such as Cuijiaying Navigation & Hydropower Junction Engineering in 2016, a large amount of fish in scene trace back swim into
Enter draft tube, and be trapped at tail gate recess since turbulent flow is excessive, not only influences imitating into fish for the fish pass import for being located at bank
Fruit also has part fish that can not escape and injured.
Therefore, in conclusion currently available technology suffers from the drawback that
1) the modes fish pass structure arrangement such as built engineering supplement fish pass, imitative nature channel, fish lift, transporting something containerized fish system and
Difficulty of construction is very big, it is difficult to implement, cost is high, and may impact to pivot function；
Even if 2) can augment fish pass structure, the difficulty that its import is arranged in best fish gathering position is also very big, and attracting
Flow is smaller, and attracting effect is limited, and most of fish still will accumulate near workshop tail water, fish gathering low efficiency；
Therefore, a kind of fish-aggregating device and method suitable for built power station is researched and developed, it is logical to restore the fish migration being blocked
Road, practical protecting ecology are extremely urgent.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide for a kind of fish-aggregating device suitable for built power station, utilizes built water power
The existing facility setting fish-aggregating device stood carries out fish gathering in the most close quarters of fish, improves collection using the properties of flow that becomes of fish
Fish efficiency, preferably protection fish.
The second object of the present invention is to provide for a kind of attracting fish method of fish-aggregating device suitable for built power station, work
It facilitates, implementation cost is low, and working depth can be adjusted flexibly, and is collected to the fish of different water levels, preferably protects
Fish.
In order to realize the first purpose of aforementioned present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: being suitable for the collection in built power station
Fish device, it is characterised in that: including the tail water overhauling door gate slot being set on tail water tower or draft tube deck and be set to tail water tower or
Fish-collecting box in draft tube deck, tail water overhauling door gate slot top are equipped with hoisting mechanism, are equipped with decentralization in tail water tower or draft tube deck
Guide rail, fish-collecting box both ends are connect with the decentralization guide rail, and the fish-collecting box is set to side in or beyond draft tube/tailrace tunnel；It is described
Fish-collecting box is equipped with fish inlet, outside of the fish inlet towards the draft tube/tailrace tunnel.
There is block water plate structure to be set in the frame and be located at frame water inlet side, the block water plate structure has one
A or multiple, the block water plate structure is in horizontal and/or longitudinal.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, fish-collecting box has one or more, when using multiple fish-collecting box fish gatherings, multiple fish-collecting boxs
Modes of emplacement be stack and/or be spaced apart；The hoisting mechanism is at least tail water door machine or loop wheel machine or truck crane or gear
One of rack-and-pinion and/or decentralization guide rail.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the fish-collecting box includes fish gathering cabinet frame, is correspondingly arranged on fish gathering cabinet frame two sides
Rail limiting device, and the lifting lug in the fish gathering cabinet frame, the lifting lug have multiple；The fish-collecting box is by being set to
The rail limiting device of two sides is connect with the decentralization guide rail, and the fish-collecting box and the decentralization guide rail connection type are gear company
It connects or is slidably connected；
The fish gathering cabinet frame is equipped with fish gathering part frame, and the fish gathering part frame occupies the fish gathering cabinet frame
Whole spaces or segment space.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, described when the fish gathering part frame occupies the fish-collecting box frame part space
Fish gathering cabinet frame includes crossing water section frame and set on the water portion of bottom set on the fish gathering part frame of two sides, set on middle part
Divide frame；Fish gathering part frame has one or more, and the fish gathering part frame was set to water section frame side or was set to
The left and right sides of water section frame；Water part frame includes the first water part frame set on fish gathering part frame lower end,
First water part frame has one or more；There is water part side plate to be set on water part frame, water part side
Plate is in fluid-tight plate structure.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, water part frame further includes the second water part for being set to water section frame lower end
Frame and interface channel, the second water part frame are equipped with dankness type cell structure, and the dankness type cell structure, which is located at, to be connected
Road upper side is connected, is interconnected between the first water part frame and the second water part frame by the interface channel,
Water part side plate is set on water part frame, and water part side plate and water part frame constitute water knot
Structure, the water structure are in opening up square structure.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, dankness type grid is equipped between the first water part frame and the second water part frame
Structure, water part side plate are set on the first water part frame, water part side plate and the first water frame segment
Frame constitutes water structure, and the water structure is in opening up square structure.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, described when the fish gathering part frame occupies the fish gathering cabinet frame whole space
Fish gathering cabinet frame includes the fish gathering part frame and the water part frame set on fish gathering part frame bottom, there is water
Part side plate is set on water part frame, and water part side plate is in fluid-tight plate structure, water part side
Plate and water part frame constitute water structure, and water part side plate is set on water part frame, the water structure
In opening up square structure；The fish gathering part frame is equipped with one or more fish inlets.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, fish gathering part frame is equipped with dankness type cell structure, sets on fish gathering part frame
There is an anti-escape horn mouth, anti-escape bell-mouthed one end is set on fish gathering part frame, the other end is to fish gathering part frame internal stretch
Form the diminishing anti-escape mouth structure in cross section；
The fish inlet and be set to anti-escape bell-mouthed anti-escape mouth structure on and be located at fish gathering part frame in；Fish gathering portion
Dividing frame, dankness type cell structure and anti-escape horn mouth to surround and deposits fish box, the fish inlet is connected inside fish box with described deposit,
The fish box of depositing is connected with the water structure；
The decentralization guide rail is vertical setting；The rail limiting device is vertically installed on fish-collecting box frame facet,
The decentralization guide rail is set in parallel with the rail limiting device.
In order to realize the second purpose of aforementioned present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: described is suitable for built water power
The attracting fish method for the fish-aggregating device stood, characterized by the following steps:
Step 1: fish-collecting box is connected on hoisting mechanism, and hoisting mechanism transfers fish-collecting box to tail water along decentralization guide rail
At the suitable depth of water in tower or draft tube deck, fish-collecting box is towards draft tube/tailrace tunnel outside；
Step 2: when power station power generation, power generation tail water is flowed on rear side of fish-collecting box, is flowed out on front side of fish-collecting box, and formation lures
Fish and water stream, fish enter in fish-collecting box under the attraction of attracting water flow along fish inlet；
Step 3: using hoisting mechanism that fish-collecting box is vertical along decentralization guide rail after enough fish enter fish-collecting box
It is promoted to draft tube deck；
During lift mechanism lifts fish-collecting box, water flow is from the dankness type cell structure on fish-collecting box and crosses water section
Frame outflow；After fish-collecting box rises from the water surface, the fish in fish-collecting box, which are centrally located at, deposits fish box or positioned at depositing fish box and water structure
In.
The present invention has the advantage that
(1) the existing facility in power station is utmostly utilized in the present invention, and the engineering with tailrace tunnel (pipe) is all implementable,
And improvement cost is low, does not influence main body pivot function；
(2) attracting utmostly is carried out using workshop power generation tail water, flow is big, and fish gathering is high-efficient；The present invention utilizes fish
The properties of flow that becomes, fish most close quarters carry out fish gathering, fish gathering efficiency (attracting water of the invention can be greatly improved
Greatly, hundred times or more of conventional fish lift attracting flow generally be can reach)；It is smaller to overcome prior art fish inlet attracting water flow,
It can not be competed with power plant tail water, at most of fish collection to power plant tail water, the shortcomings that causing fish pass structure fish gathering inefficiency
(for the present invention using power generation tail water attracting, water loss and electric power, operating cost is not lower；And prior art fish lift generally leans on
Upstream diversion or water pump moisturizing, according to average 2.0m3The rate of water make-up of/s calculates, and about 17.3 ten thousand tons of daily water loss, power consumption
About 1.5 ten thousand degree of electricity, operating cost are higher)；
(3) present invention does not need additional moisturizing, avoids the diversion from dam or builds pumping plant diversion, has been greatly saved engineering
Operating cost (about 2000~40,000,000 yuan of common fish lift construction cost, about 10,000,000 yuan of cost of the present invention)；It overcomes existing
The disadvantage that technology fish pass structure rate of water make-up is big, operating cost is high；
(4) present invention can by fish safe transfer, avoid fish due to being trapped in the turbulent flows such as tail water gate slot waters for a long time and
Generate the risk for being injured and being caught by fisherman；
(5) working depth can be adjusted flexibly in the present invention, be collected to the fish of different water levels；Overcome the prior art
Fish inlet depth is fixed, it is difficult to the shortcomings that taking into account surface layer and demersal fishes；The present invention has one or more fish inlets, in difference
Under the generating operation mode of power station, multiple fish inlets form two attracting flow velocitys of height, and fish can be with the fish inlet of its hobby of unrestricted choice
Enter, therefore is suitble to condition range wide.
Fish-collecting box is directly placed at maximal end point that fish are traced back (i.e. by the fish-aggregating device that the present invention is suitable for built power station
At workshop draft tube/tailrace tunnel), the method being acquired using the present invention to straddling fish stocks in river is had suitable for all
Generate electricity tailrace tunnel (pipe) power station, can completely newly efficient acquisition fish；In fish pass structure engineering, using the present invention
Fish are collected, fish gathering efficiency can be improved, at the same avoid fish for a long time stayed at draft tube/tailrace tunnel even by
Wound, preferably protects fish.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is fish-collecting box schematic perspective view one of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is fish-collecting box schematic perspective view two of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the downstream face view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the upstream face view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is the profilograph of Fig. 4.
Fig. 8 is the top view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 9 is schematic perspective view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is hoisting mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention and fish-collecting box attachment structure schematic diagram.
1- tail water tower in figure, 2- tail water overhauling door gate slot, 3- fish-collecting box, 3.1- fish gathering cabinet frame, 3.11- fish gathering frame segment
Frame, 3.12- cross water section frame, 3.13- water part frame, 3.131- the first water part frame, the second water of 3.132-
Part frame, 3.133- interface channel, 3.2- rail limiting device, 3.3- lifting lug, 3.4- dankness type cell structure, 3.5- water
Part side plate, 3.6- deposit fish box, 3.7- water structure, the anti-escape horn mouth of 3.8-, 3.9- fish inlet, 3.10- block water plate structure,
4- hoisting mechanism, 5- transfer guide rail, 6- draft tube/tailrace tunnel, 7- connection tower, 8- tail water overhauling aperture of door, 9- draft tube deck, 10-
Tail water overhauling door auto clawing beam, 11- hawser.
Specific embodiment
The performance that the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but they and do not constitute a limitation of the invention, only
It is for example.Keep advantages of the present invention more clear by explanation simultaneously and is readily appreciated that.
Refering to known to attached drawing: suitable for the fish-aggregating device in built power station, including being set on tail water tower 1 or draft tube deck 9
Tail water overhauling door gate slot 2 and the fish-collecting box 3 that is set in tail water tower 1 or draft tube deck 9,2 top of tail water overhauling door gate slot is set
There is hoisting mechanism 4, hoisting mechanism 4 can utilize existing tail water door machine, decentralization guide rail 5 is equipped in tail water tower 1 or draft tube deck 9,
3 both ends of fish-collecting box are connect with decentralization guide rail 5, and fish-collecting box 3 is set to side in or beyond draft tube/tailrace tunnel 6；Fish-collecting box 3 is equipped with
Fish inlet 3.9, the fish inlet 3.9 is towards draft tube/tailrace tunnel outside (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2).
There is block water plate structure 3.10 to be set in the frame 1 and is located at 1 water inlet of frame, block water plate structure 3.10
Form and dimension set according to actual needs, the block water plate structure 8 has an one or more, and the block water plate structure 8 is in cross
It sets and/or longitudinal, effect is can to stop water flow, unhurried current region formed within a certain area, meets the rest needs of fish,
Avoiding fish, swimming generates fatigue for a long time.
Fish-collecting box 3 has one or more, and when using multiple 3 fish gatherings of fish-collecting box, the modes of emplacement of multiple fish-collecting boxs 3 is folded
It puts and/or is spaced apart (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2), the fish-collecting box 3 is connected by the hoisting mechanism hawser 11 being placed on lifting lug 3.3
It is connected on hoisting mechanism 4；Lifting system can utilize the hoisting mechanism (gantry crane) and auxiliary facility of existing tail water overhauling door
(auto clawing beam)；Hoisting mechanism can connect with hawser and be promoted fish-collecting box, rail using lifting lug, decentralization guide rail, rail limiting device
Road limiting device is corresponding with decentralization guide rail, can rise or fall along decentralization guide rail；Hoisting mechanism 4 is to 3 side of being promoted of fish-collecting box
Formula is not limited to be promoted using lifting lug, decentralization guide rail, rail limiting device and hawser, further includes utilizing pinion and-rack, loop wheel machine, door
The promotion of the other ways such as machine (gantry crane), truck crane.
Fish-collecting box 3 includes fish gathering cabinet frame 3.1, the railway limit being correspondingly arranged on 3.1 two sides of fish gathering cabinet frame
Device 3.2, and the lifting lug in the fish gathering cabinet frame 3.1, lifting lug 3.3 have multiple, and the lifting lug 3.3 is correspondingly arranged at fish gathering
3.11 upper end of part frame or side or bottom, lifting lug are set in fish gathering cabinet frame according to body structure and center of gravity setting, maintain
The stability of fish-collecting box during lifting, lifting lug are the suspension centre of lifting, and lifting lug can be connected and be promoted by the hawser of hoisting mechanism
Fish-collecting box；The fish-collecting box 3 is connect by being set to the rail limiting device 3.2 of two sides with the decentralization guide rail 5, the fish-collecting box
3 connect or are slidably connected for gear with 5 connection type of decentralization guide rail, the purpose is to be slided up and down along gate slot, track limit
Position device is corresponding with decentralization guide rail, can be along decentralization guide rail vertical ascent or decline；Fish gathering cabinet frame is the main body of fish-collecting box
Connection structure；
The fish gathering cabinet frame 3.1 is equipped with fish gathering part frame 3.11, and the fish gathering part frame 3.11 occupies described
Whole spaces of fish gathering cabinet frame 3.1 or segment space.
When the fish gathering part frame 3.11 occupies 3.1 segment space of fish gathering cabinet frame, the fish gathering cabinet frame
3.1 include crossing water section frame 3.12 and set on the water of bottom set on the fish gathering part frame 3.11 of two sides, set on middle part
Part frame 3.13；Fish gathering part frame 3.11 has one or more, and the fish gathering part frame 3.11 was set to water section frame
3.12 side of frame or the left and right sides for being set to water section frame 3.12；Water part frame 3.13 includes being set to collection fish portion
First water part frame 3.131 of 3.11 lower end of frame, the first water part frame 3.131 have one or more；There is water
Part side plate 3.5 is set on water part frame 3.13, and water part side plate 3.5 is in fluid-tight plate structure (as schemed
1, shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 9), the effect of fish gathering cabinet frame mainly maintains the fastness of fish gathering box structure, makes fish-collecting box in water flow
It is able to maintain secured under impact and stablizes.
Water part frame 3.13 further includes the second water part frame 3.132 for being set to 3.12 lower end of water section frame
With interface channel 3.133, the second water part frame 3.132 is equipped with dankness type cell structure 3.4, the dankness type grid knot
Structure 3.4 is located at 3.133 upper side of interface channel, avoids fish from escaping from from the second water part frame upper end, the first water part
It is interconnected between frame 3.131 and the second water part frame 3.132 by the interface channel 3.133, the water portion
Side plate 3.5 is divided to be set on 3.13 leading flank of water part frame, trailing flank, left side, right side and bottom surface, the water part
Side plate 3.5 and water part frame 3.13 constitute water structure 3.7, water part side plate 3.5 and water part frame
3.13 constitute water structure 3.7, and fish can be in the first water part frame and the second water part frame after entering fish-collecting box
Between freely move about, increase the scope of activities of fish, the water structure 3.7 is in opening up square structure (such as Fig. 3, Fig. 4
It is shown), the water body of certain depth is stored by water structure, is able to maintain to have in cabinet and is met fish after fish-collecting box rises from the water surface
The depth of water of the demand of class.
Dankness type cell structure is equipped between first water part frame 3.131 and the second water part frame 3.132
3.4, water part side plate 3.5 and the first water part frame 3.131 constitute water structure 3.7, water part side
Plate 3.5 is described to deposit on 3.131 leading flank of the first water part frame, trailing flank, left side and/or right side and bottom surface
Water-bound 3.7 is in opening up square structure (as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4), and the water body of certain depth is stored by water structure,
Being able to maintain in cabinet after fish-collecting box rises from the water surface has the depth of water for meeting the needs of fish, preferably protection fish.
When the fish gathering part frame 3.11 occupies 3.1 whole spaces of fish gathering cabinet frame, the fish gathering cabinet frame
3.1 include the fish gathering part frame 3.11 and the water part frame 3.13 set on 3.11 bottom of fish gathering part frame,
There is water part side plate 3.5 to be set on water part frame 3.13, water part side plate 3.5 is in fluid-tight plate knot
Structure, water part side plate 3.5 and water part frame 3.13 constitute water structure 3.7, and water part side plate 3.5 is set
In on 3.13 leading flank of water part frame, trailing flank, left side, right side and bottom surface, the water structure 3.7 is in opening court
On square structure；The fish gathering part frame 3.11 is equipped with one or more 3.9 (as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, Fig. 3 of fish inlet
The fish gathering cabinet frame whole space is occupied for fish gathering part frame, Fig. 4 is that fish gathering part frame occupies the fish gathering cabinet frame
Segment space), it is convenient for fish gathering；The water body that certain depth is stored by water structure is able to maintain after fish-collecting box rises from the water surface
There is the depth of water for meeting the needs of fish in cabinet.
Fish portion frame 3.11 is equipped with dankness type cell structure 3.4；Left side, the right side of fish gathering part frame 3.11
Face and top surface are set as dankness type cell structure 3.4, and/or are set as water-tight structure；The leading flank of fish gathering part frame 3.11
And/or left side and/or right side are equipped with anti-escape horn mouth 3.8, one end of anti-escape horn mouth 3.8 is set to fish gathering part frame
On 3.11 leading flanks and/or left side and/or right side, the other end formed to 3.11 internal stretch of fish gathering part frame it is transversal
The diminishing anti-escape mouth structure in face, anti-escape bell-mouthed effect is the one-way trip structure to form fish and easily go out into hardly possible, makes fish
Class can enter fish-collecting box from outside by anti-escape horn mouth, while be not easy out of fish-collecting box outside escape to fish-collecting box.It is described
Fish inlet 3.9 is set to the end of anti-escape horn mouth 3.8 and is located in fish gathering part frame 3.11；Fish gathering part frame 3.11,
Dankness type cell structure 3.4 and dankness type cell structure 3.4 and anti-escape horn mouth 3.8, which surround, deposits fish box 3.6, the fish inlet
3.9 are connected inside fish box 3.6 with described deposit, it is described deposit fish box 3.6 be connected with the water structure 3.7 (such as Fig. 3, Fig. 4,
Shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8), anti-escape horn mouth 3.8 is dankness type cell structure, anti-escape horn mouth and fish gathering part frame
The dankness type cell structure of trailing flank can prevent fish from escaping from, and do not limit water flow and flowed in fish-collecting box；Deposit fish box bottom
Portion is equipped with inclined floor, deposits fish box equipped with putting lymphogranuloma inguinale and putting fish lock door, the effect of inclined floor is can be by opening gate
By in case water and fish all be discharged；
The decentralization guide rail 5 is vertical setting；The rail limiting device 3.2 is vertically installed in fish gathering cabinet frame 3.1
On side, the decentralization guide rail 5 is set in parallel (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2) with the rail limiting device 3.2, fish gathering box-frame
The limiting device of frame is matched with track size, and effect is to guarantee that fish-collecting box is slided up and down along track is smooth.
The density situation of dankness type grid is long according to the body of fish gathering target, and body is wide, and the characteristic parameters such as body height determine.
Connection tower is equipped between two adjacent tail water towers 1, fish gathering cabinet frame 3.1 is steelframe.
The attracting fish method of the fish-aggregating device suitable for built power station, includes the following steps:
Step 1: fish-collecting box 3 is connected on hoisting mechanism 4 by hawser 11, hoisting mechanism 4 will collect along decentralization guide rail 5
At the decentralization to the suitable depth of water in tail water tower 1 or draft tube deck 9 of fish box 3, and towards draft tube/tailrace tunnel outside；
Step 2: when power station power generation, power generation tail water is flowed on rear side of fish-collecting box 3, is flowed out on front side of fish-collecting box 3, is formed
Attracting water flow, fish enter in fish-collecting box 3 under the attraction of attracting water flow along fish inlet 3.9, and search out at suitable water flow
Rest；
Step 3: after enough fish enter fish-collecting box 3, using hoisting mechanism 4 by fish-collecting box 3 along decentralization guide rail 5
Vertical-lift is to draft tube deck 9 (as depicted in figs. 1 and 2)；
During hoisting mechanism 4 promotes fish-collecting box 3, water flow is flowed from the dankness type cell structure 3.4 on fish-collecting box 3
Out；After fish-collecting box 3 rises from the water surface, the fish in fish-collecting box 3, which are centrally located at, deposits fish box 3.6 or positioned at depositing fish box 3.6 and water knot
In structure 3.7 (as shown in Figure 3).
Embodiment
Now apply the present invention to certain built power station to be described in detail, other built power stations are applied to the present invention
Equally there is directive function.
Certain two key water control project being such as located on the Yangtze river basin are built up in the 00's of the nineties and 21st century, respectively respectively
Equipped with 21 and 32 units, generated energy is respectively 1,750,000 kilowatts and 22,400,000 kilowatts.After two key water control projects are built up, sending out
While having waved huge flood control, power generation, navigation benefit, also causing barrier to the straddling fish stocks of the Yangtze river basin influences.The Changjiang river
Decline in the basin stock of fish especially straddling fish stocks resource nearly 30 years is significant, and the barrier of key water control project influences to be also wherein important
One of reason.After proposing reparation the Changjiang river ecological environment to be placed on overwhelming position, restore the migration channel of the Changjiang river fish
With important ecological significance.
And certain above-mentioned two key water control project are completed, building characteristics of compact layout, have not been reconstructed fish pass in main stem, have been imitated
Natural channel, fish lift position, in two sides, arrangement fish pass is also faced with that side slope is precipitous, and complex geologic conditions, excavated volume is big, throws
Provide the problems such as huge.Therefore, built engineering reconstructs fish pass structure to become the technological difficulties for restricting the Changjiang river restoration of the ecosystem, it would be highly desirable to attack
Gram.Using fish-aggregating device of the present invention and its attracting fish method, using the existing draft tube deck of two engineerings, in draft tube
Fish-collecting box is arranged in (or tailrace tunnel) exit, using power generation tail water attracting, is promoted by existing tail water door machine, then pass through vehicle
Etc. other ways transport supreme liberation stream.It can be achieved to repair Yangtze river basin fish migration channel, protect the mesh of aquatic ecosystem
's.
The attracting fish method of fish-aggregating device suitable for built power station, includes the following steps:
Step 1: fish-collecting box 3 is connected on hoisting mechanism 4, and hoisting mechanism 4 is existing tail water door machine, existing tail water door
Machine along decentralization guide rail 5 by be fixed with the tail water overhauling door auto clawing beam 10 of hawser 11 by the decentralization of fish-collecting box 3 to draft tube deck or
At the suitable depth of water in tail water tower 1, decentralization guide rail 5 is existing wharf portal crane track, and fish-collecting box 3 is towards draft tube or tailrace tunnel 6
Outside (as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5)；
Step 2: when power station power generation, power generation tail water is flowed on rear side of fish-collecting box 3, is flowed out on front side of fish-collecting box 3, is formed
Attracting water flow, fish enter in fish-collecting box 3 under the attraction of attracting water flow along fish inlet 3.9, and search out at suitable water flow
Rest；
When not generating electricity, without water flow by fish-collecting box 3, fish-collecting box 3 is put to side in or beyond draft tube or tailrace tunnel 6
It is suitble at the depth of water, there are part fish to enter at random or place attracting measure, such as bait, light in 3 cabinet of fish-collecting box, lure
Fish are made to enter fish-collecting box 3；
Step 3: after enough fish enter fish-collecting box 3, pass through hoisting mechanism 4 for fish-collecting box using hoisting mechanism 4
3 (are lifted up from tail water overhauling door gate slot 2 along decentralization 5 vertical-lift of guide rail, pass through tail water overhauling aperture of door 8), are promoted to tail water
On platform 9；
During existing tail water door machine promotes fish-collecting box 3, water flow is from the dankness type cell structure 3.4 on fish-collecting box 3
Outflow；After fish-collecting box 3 rises from the water surface, the fish in fish-collecting box 3, which are centrally located at, deposits fish box 3.6 or positioned at depositing fish box 3.6 and water
In structure 3.7 (as shown in Figure 9, Figure 10).
Conclusion: the fish built in power station are acquired using the present invention, efficient acquisition fish；In fish pass structure
In engineering, fish gathering efficiency is improved, while it is even injured to avoid fish from staying at draft tube or tailrace tunnel for a long time, preferably protects
Protect fish.
In order to more clearly illustrate a kind of fish-aggregating device suitable for built power station of the present invention and its
Possessed advantage, staff are compared both technical solutions to attracting fish method compared with prior art, are compared
The result is as follows:
As seen from the above table, a kind of fish-aggregating device and its attracting fish method suitable for built power station of the present invention and existing
There is technology to compare, is easy to implement, at low cost, fish gathering efficiency is higher, can adjust working depth, receives the fish of different water levels
Collection.
Other unaccounted parts belong to the prior art.
Claims (10)
1. being suitable for the fish-aggregating device in built power station, it is characterised in that: including being set on tail water tower (1) or draft tube deck (9)
Tail water overhauling door gate slot (2) and the fish-collecting box (3) that is set in tail water tower (1) or draft tube deck (9), tail water overhauling door gate slot
(2) top is equipped with hoisting mechanism (4), and decentralization guide rail (5), fish-collecting box (3) both ends are equipped in tail water tower (1) or draft tube deck (9)
It is connect with the decentralization guide rail (5), the fish-collecting box (3) is set to side in or beyond draft tube/tailrace tunnel (6)；The fish-collecting box
(3) fish inlet (3.9) are equipped with, outside of the fish inlet (3.9) towards the draft tube/tailrace tunnel (6).
2. the fish-aggregating device according to claim 1 suitable for built power station, it is characterised in that: there is block water plate structure
(3.10) it is set in the frame (1) and is located at the frame (1) water inlet side, the block water plate structure (8) has one or more
A, the block water plate structure (8) is in horizontal and/or longitudinal.
3. the fish-aggregating device according to claim 1 or 2 suitable for built power station, it is characterised in that: the fish-collecting box
(3) have one or more, when using multiple fish-collecting boxs (3) fish gathering, the modes of emplacement of multiple fish-collecting boxs (3) be stack and/or
It is spaced apart；The hoisting mechanism (4) is at least tail water door machine or loop wheel machine or truck crane or pinion and-rack and/or decentralization guide rail
One of.
4. the fish-aggregating device according to claim 3 suitable for built power station, it is characterised in that: the fish-collecting box (3)
Including fish gathering cabinet frame (3.1), the rail limiting device (3.2) being correspondingly arranged on fish gathering cabinet frame (3.1) two sides, and be set to
Lifting lug (3.3) on the fish gathering cabinet frame (3.1), the lifting lug (3.3) have multiple；The fish-collecting box (3) is by being set to two
The rail limiting device (3.2) of side is connect with the decentralization guide rail (5), and the fish-collecting box (3) connect with the decentralization guide rail (5)
Mode is that gear connects or is slidably connected；
The fish gathering cabinet frame (3.1) is equipped with fish gathering part frame (3.11), and the fish gathering part frame (3.11) occupies institute
State whole spaces or the segment space of fish gathering cabinet frame (3.1).
5. the fish-aggregating device according to claim 4 suitable for built power station, it is characterised in that: when the collection fish portion
When frame (3.11) occupies fish gathering cabinet frame (3.1) segment space, the fish gathering cabinet frame (3.1) includes being set to two sides
Fish gathering part frame (3.11) crosses water section frame (3.12) and set on the water part frame of bottom set on middle part
(3.13)；Fish gathering part frame (3.11) has one or more, and the fish gathering part frame (3.11) was set to water section frame
(3.12) side or it was set to the left and right sides of water section frame (3.12)；Water part frame (3.13) includes being set to fish gathering portion
Divide the first water part frame (3.131) of frame (3.11) lower end, the first water part frame (3.131) has one or more
It is a；There is water part side plate (3.5) to be set on water part frame (3.13), water part side plate (3.5) is in waterproof
Plate structure.
6. the fish-aggregating device according to claim 5 suitable for built power station, it is characterised in that: water part frame
It (3.13) further include the second water part frame (3.132) and interface channel for being set to water section frame (3.12) lower end
(3.133), the second water part frame (3.132) is equipped with dankness type cell structure (3.4), the dankness type cell structure
(3.4) it is located at interface channel (3.133) upper side, the first water part frame (3.131) and the second water part frame
(3.132) it is interconnected between by the interface channel (3.133), water part side plate (3.5) is set to water part
On frame (3.13), water part side plate (3.5) and water part frame (3.13) constitute water structure (3.7), described
Water structure (3.7) is in opening up square structure.
7. the fish-aggregating device according to claim 5 suitable for built power station, it is characterised in that: the first water frame segment
Dankness type cell structure (3.4) are equipped between frame (3.131) and the second water part frame (3.132), water part side
Plate (3.5) is set on the first water part frame (3.131), water part side plate (3.5) and the first water part frame
(3.131) water structure (3.7) are constituted, the water structure (3.7) is in opening up square structure.
8. the fish-aggregating device according to claim 3 suitable for built power station, it is characterised in that: when the collection fish portion
When frame (3.11) occupies fish gathering cabinet frame (3.1) the whole space, the fish gathering cabinet frame (3.1) includes the fish gathering portion
The water part frame (3.13) for dividing frame (3.11) and being set to fish gathering part frame (3.11) bottom, there is water part side
Plate (3.5) is set on water part frame (3.13), and water part side plate (3.5) is in fluid-tight plate structure, described
Water part side plate (3.5) and water part frame (3.13) constitute water structure (3.7), water part side plate (3.5)
On water part frame (3.13), the water structure (3.7) is in opening up square structure；The fish gathering frame segment
Frame (3.11) is equipped with one or more fish inlets (3.9).
9. being suitable for the fish-aggregating device in built power station according to claim 5 or 6 or 7, it is characterised in that: collection fish portion
Frame (3.11) is equipped with dankness type cell structure (3.4), and fish gathering part frame (3.11) is equipped with anti-escape horn mouth
(3.8), one end of anti-escape horn mouth (3.8) is set on fish gathering part frame (3.11), the other end is to fish gathering part frame
(3.11) internal stretch forms the diminishing anti-escape mouth structure in cross section；
The fish inlet (3.9) and be set to anti-escape horn mouth (3.8) anti-escape mouth structure on and be located at fish gathering part frame
(3.11) in；Fish gathering part frame (3.11), dankness type cell structure (3.4) and anti-escape horn mouth (3.8) surround and deposit fish box
(3.6), the fish inlet (3.9) is connected inside fish box (3.6) with described deposit, described to deposit fish box (3.6) and the water knot
Structure (3.7) is connected；
The decentralization guide rail (5) is vertical setting；The rail limiting device (3.2) is vertically installed in fish gathering cabinet frame (3.1)
Side on, the decentralization guide rail (5) is set in parallel with the rail limiting device (3.2).
10. according to claim 1 to the fish gathering for the fish-aggregating device for being suitable for built power station described in any one of 9 claims
Method, characterized by the following steps:
Step 1: fish-collecting box (3) is connected on hoisting mechanism (4), and guide rail (5) are transferred for fish-collecting box (3) in hoisting mechanism (4) edge
At decentralization to the suitable depth of water in tail water tower (1) or draft tube deck (9), fish-collecting box (3) is towards the outer of draft tube/tailrace tunnel (6)
Side；
Step 2: when power station power generation, power generation tail water is flowed on rear side of fish-collecting box (3), is flowed out on front side of fish-collecting box (3), is formed
Attracting water flow, fish enter in fish-collecting box (3) under the attraction of attracting water flow along fish inlet (3.9)；
Step 3: after enough fish enter fish-collecting box (3), using hoisting mechanism (4) by fish-collecting box (3) along decentralization guide rail
(5) vertical-lift is to draft tube deck (9)；
During hoisting mechanism (4) promote fish-collecting box (3), water flow is from the dankness type cell structure (3.4) on fish-collecting box (3)
It is flowed out with water section frame (3.12) are crossed；After fish-collecting box (3) rises from the water surface, the fish in fish-collecting box (3), which are centrally located at, deposits fish box
(3.6) or positioned at depositing in fish box (3.6) and water structure (3.7).
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910135232.0A CN110106823B (en) | 2019-02-22 | 2019-02-22 | Fish collecting device and method suitable for built hydropower station |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910135232.0A CN110106823B (en) | 2019-02-22 | 2019-02-22 | Fish collecting device and method suitable for built hydropower station |
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| CN110106823B CN110106823B (en) | 2023-12-01 |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113356157A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-07 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Fish collecting system and method for collecting fish by utilizing tail water of hydropower station |
| CN110106823B (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2023-12-01 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Fish collecting device and method suitable for built hydropower station |
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