CN114541312A - Fish lifting machine device for collecting fish by utilizing tail water of hydropower station and fish collecting method thereof - Google Patents
Fish lifting machine device for collecting fish by utilizing tail water of hydropower station and fish collecting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114541312A CN114541312A CN202210217082.XA CN202210217082A CN114541312A CN 114541312 A CN114541312 A CN 114541312A CN 202210217082 A CN202210217082 A CN 202210217082A CN 114541312 A CN114541312 A CN 114541312A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001617 migratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/006—Arresting, diverting or chasing away fish in water-courses or water intake ducts, seas or lakes, e.g. fish barrages, deterrent devices ; Devices for cleaning fish barriers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
Abstract
The invention discloses a fish collecting method of a fish elevator device for collecting fish by using tail water of a hydropower station, wherein the fish elevator device for collecting fish by using the tail water of the hydropower station comprises a water guide wall, a fish collecting pond, a fish collecting box and a lifting mechanism, and the fish collecting method comprises the following steps: under the working condition of power generation, a fish blocking facility (5) positioned at the upstream end of the fish collecting pool (2) is started, an anti-escape bell mouth (4) is placed at the water outlet of the fish collecting pool (2), and fish collecting operation is started; when the power station generates power, the tail water of the power generation flows in from the water inlet 2.1 of the fish collecting pond (2) and flows out from the water outlet 2.2 to form a fish luring water flow; when enough fishes enter the fish collecting pond (2), the fish collecting box (6) is vertically lifted to a tail horizontal platform (10) through a crane (7.2) and a lifting hook (7.3) by a lifting mechanism (7) and is transported across a dam. The invention has the advantages of improving fish collecting efficiency and better protecting fish. The invention also discloses a fish collecting method of the fish lifting machine device for collecting fish by utilizing the tail water of the hydropower station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering and environmental protection engineering, in particular to a fish collecting method of a fish lifting machine device for collecting fish by utilizing tail water of a hydropower station.
Background
The water conservancy and hydropower engineering brings considerable influence on the ecological environment, particularly on the blocking influence of a fish migration channel while exerting benefits of flood control, power generation, shipping and the like, and is concerned in recent years. The fish-passing facility is used as a fish protection measure for relieving the barrier effect of the dam for more than 300 years internationally, and can play a role in recovering a fish migration channel and communicating upstream and downstream fishes. The main types of fish passing facilities comprise fishways, fish lifts, fish gates, fish transporting systems and the like. The fish collecting and transporting system is suitable for high dam engineering due to flexible arrangement, simple and convenient dam passing, no restriction of dam height, fish physical strength saving, small investment and the like, and is developed rapidly in recent years.
At present, fish passing facilities generally have several fish collecting modes, for a fishway, a fishway inlet is arranged at the bank side, fish luring is carried out through water flow or water supplement discharged from the fishway, a fish lifting machine is the same as the fishway, fish luring is generally carried out through water supplement, and the inlet position is generally arranged at the bank side.
The above method has the following disadvantages:
1) the fish passing facility inlet is arranged at a certain position on the shore or in a dam, but as the downward discharge flow is far lower than the flow of the power generation tail water, most of fishes are still attracted by the power generation tail water, go up along the main flow of the tail water and gather near a tail water pipe (tail water tunnel), so that the fish collecting efficiency of the fish passing facility inlet is low;
2) in addition, the water supplement generally comes from an upstream reservoir area or a building pump station for supplying water, the flow is consumed or the energy consumption is increased when the water supplement is carried out, and the influence on the engineering power generation benefit is large;
3) the height of the fish inlet of the fish passing facility is fixed, so that the fish passing facility is difficult to be suitable for fishes inhabiting different water layers.
The existing application numbers are: 201711383215.6 entitled fish collecting system capable of adapting to water level amplitude and application number: 201810150802.9, the patent name "a fish collecting system device of fish lift" discloses a fish collecting device system including a water replenishing system, a fish collecting system, a lifting transfer system, a fish collecting box is arranged at the head of a fish collecting corridor and is arranged on the lifting system, the opening of a fish inlet valve and a water replenishing valve are automatically optimized and adjusted according to the fish feature and the water level flow change observed by a fish monitor, and the suitable hydraulic conditions of different types of fish at different positions are satisfied; however, water replenishing facilities such as a water pump and the like are used for pumping water sources to lure the fish, and firstly, the flow is limited, and the fish luring efficiency is low; secondly, the water pump has large water pumping energy consumption and has large influence on the engineering power generation benefit; thirdly, the height of the fish inlet of the fish gathering channel is fixed, so that the fish gathering channel cannot be suitable for fishes inhabiting different water layers, and the fish gathering species are limited; fourthly, the dragging grille is lowered, the dragging grille is moved horizontally and other mechanical equipment and mechanical operation are more, and the mechanism and the operation are more complex.
The prior application number is 201711278801.4, and the patent name is 'comprehensive fish gathering and transporting platform and method for solving the problem that a hydropower station obstructs the upward tracking of fishes'; it pumps the water of a definite flow through water pump assembly, goes out water through laying in the pipeline of passageway both sides and pre-buried in the bottom, forms to cross fish target's hobby velocity distribution and lures a collection fish to the difference, but it utilizes the artifical stream of making of water pump in order to attract fish, has following not enough: firstly, the flow is limited, and the fish luring efficiency is low; secondly, the water pump consumes more and more energy for pumping water; thirdly, the water pump can generate vibration and noise to influence the fish luring effect; in addition, the application only discloses that the fishes are driven or trapped into the fish collecting box through artificial water flow and a fish blocking net or related auxiliary means, but does not specifically disclose equipment and an operation process thereof, is extremely difficult to operate practically, and can cause damage to the fishes.
In addition, the fish collecting channel can trap fishes in the channel into the fish collecting box through artificial water retention, and can also drive or trap the fishes into the fish collecting box through a fish blocking net or related auxiliary means; however, the fish collecting box is arranged on the ladder of the fish collecting channel, during the fish collecting period, the box door on one side of the fish collecting box is lifted upwards and opened, after a certain amount of fishes are lured and collected in the box, the opened box door is put down to prevent the fishes in the fish collecting box from escaping, the fish collecting channel is additionally arranged, time and labor are consumed, and the influence on the engineering power generation benefit is large.
The existing application numbers are: 201720271676.3 entitled "a high dam fish attracting and collecting device based on flow field manufacturing" discloses a fish attracting and collecting box for accommodating attracted fish, the end of the fish attracting and collecting box is connected with a high dam fish attracting and collecting device which is convenient for fish to enter the fish attracting and collecting box and participates in the fish attracting flow field and is provided with a hump-shaped overflow weir; the isomorphic water pump and the overflow weir manufacture a 'favorite flow field', and the LED lamp strip and the small-sized sound box are arranged in the device to manufacture illumination and sound, and the flow field, the illumination and the sound are integrated;
however, because the submerged pump is used for generating current and the light is used for attracting the fishes, the following defects still exist: firstly, the flow rate of the fish luring flow generated by a submersible pump is extremely limited, and the fish luring efficiency is low; secondly, the water pump has more water pumping energy consumption and high operation cost; thirdly, the water pump can generate vibration and noise to influence the fish luring effect; different fishes have different avoidance responses to light, sound waves and the like, and the general trapping effect on the fishes is not proved, so that the effectiveness and the feasibility of other measures except water flow fish trapping cannot be proved.
Therefore, how to make the fish gathering system of the fish passing facility work more efficiently and better play the function of the fish passing facility is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fish collecting method of a fish elevator device for collecting fish by using tail water of a hydropower station, which can attract fish by using the power generation tail water of a factory building to the maximum extent, has large flow and high fish collecting efficiency, and can collect fish in different water layers, and the fish collecting depth is the full depth from the bottom of a tail water channel to the water surface.
The invention relates to a fish collecting method of a fish lifting machine device for collecting fish by utilizing tail water of a hydropower station, which comprises the following steps: the fish elevator device for collecting fish by utilizing the tail water of the hydropower station comprises a water guide wall, a fish collecting pond, a fish collecting box and a lifting mechanism, wherein the water guide wall is arranged on a tail water hole/pipe bottom plate and a stilling pool and/or a tail water channel bottom plate, the fish collecting pond is arranged on the downstream side of the tail water hole/pipe or in the stilling pool, the fish collecting box is connected with the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is arranged on a tail water platform and the fish collecting pond.
In the technical scheme, the fish collecting pond is of a shaft type structure.
In the above technical scheme, the lifting mechanism comprises a bent frame column, a crane and a lifting hook, the bent frame column is arranged at the upper end of the fish collecting pond, the crane is arranged at the upper end of the bent frame column, and the lifting hook is movably connected to the crane.
In the technical scheme, the escape-proof bell mouth is arranged at the water outlet of the fish collecting pond; one or more escape-proof bellmouths are arranged, and a plurality of escape-proof bellmouths are arranged in parallel and/or overlapped.
In the technical scheme, the escape-proof bell mouth is of an inwards concave structure which extends towards the inside of the fish collecting tank and the cross section of the escape-proof bell mouth is gradually reduced, a fish inlet is arranged at the end part of the inwards concave structure of the escape-proof bell mouth and is positioned in the fish collecting tank, and the escape-proof bell mouth is of a water-permeable grid structure; one or more fish inlets are arranged.
In the technical scheme, a tail water platform is arranged at the upper end of the tail water hole/pipe or at the upper end of the tail water channel, the lifting mechanism is arranged on the side of the tail water platform, and the crane is arranged above the side of the tail water platform;
and a fish blocking facility is arranged at the water inlet of the fish collecting pond and is positioned between the side wall of the tail water hole/pipe and the water guide wall or between the side wall of the tail water channel and the water guide wall.
In the technical scheme, the fish blocking facility is at least one of a fish blocking electrode and a grating; the crane is at least one of a portal crane, a bridge crane, a cantilever crane, a cable crane and an automobile crane.
In the technical scheme, the fish collecting box comprises a water storage baffle plate positioned at the lower end and a water permeable grid arranged at the upper end of the water storage baffle plate, wherein the water storage baffle plate is provided with a plurality of blocks, and the water storage baffle plates enclose a square structure with an opening at the upper end; the lifting lugs are arranged on the fish collecting box, and the fish collecting box is connected to the lifting mechanism through the lifting lugs.
In the above technical solution, the fish collection box is connected to the lifting hook through the lifting lug; the fish collecting box and the fish collecting pond are in sliding connection and positioning through a track or a sliding block, or in tooth connection and positioning through a gear and a rack; the fish collecting box is connected with the bent frame columns in a sliding mode through a track or a sliding block and is positioned, or the fish collecting box is connected with the bent frame columns in a tooth-type mode through a gear rack and positioned.
The invention relates to a fish collecting method of a fish lifting machine device for collecting fish by utilizing tail water of a hydropower station, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: under the working condition of power generation, a fish blocking facility at the upstream end of the fish collecting pool is started, an escape-proof bell mouth is placed at the water outlet of the fish collecting pool, and fish collecting operation is started;
step two: when the power station generates power, the tail water of the power generation flows in from the water inlet of the fish collecting pool and flows out from the water outlet to form a fish luring water flow, and the fishes enter the fish collecting pool along the fish inlet under the attraction of the fish luring water flow and find a proper water flow position for rest;
step three: when enough fishes enter the fish collecting pond, the fish collecting box is vertically lifted to a tail water platform by a lifting mechanism through a crane and a lifting hook, and the fish is transported to pass through a dam.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention utilizes the power generation tail water of the factory building to the maximum extent to lure fish, the flow is large, and the fish collecting efficiency is high; the invention utilizes the tendency of fishes to flow, collects fishes in the most dense area of fishes, and can greatly improve the fish collecting efficiency (the water amount of the fish luring machine is large, and can generally reach more than one hundred times of the fish luring flow of the conventional fish lifting machine); the defects that the fish luring water flow at the fish inlet is small and cannot compete with the tail water of the power station, most of fishes are gathered to the tail water of the power station, and the fish gathering efficiency of the fish passing facility is low in the prior art are overcome;
(2) the invention does not need additional water supplement, avoids water diversion from a dam or building a pump station, and greatly saves the engineering operation cost (the construction cost of the common fish elevator is about 2000-4000 ten thousand yuan, and the cost of the invention is about 1000 ten thousand yuan); overcomes the defects of large water supplement amount and high operation cost of the fish passing facility in the prior art (the invention uses the power generation tail water to lure the fish, does not consume water and electric power, and has lower operation cost, while the fish elevator in the prior art generally leads water or supplements water by a water pump on the upstream and according to the average 2.0m3The water supplement amount per second is calculated, the water consumption per day is about 17.3 ten thousand tons, the power consumption is about 1.5 ten thousand degrees of electricity, and the operation cost is higher);
(3) the fish collecting depth is the full depth from the bottom of the tail water channel to the water surface, and fishes in different water layers can be collected; the defect that the depth of a fish inlet is fixed and both the surface layer fish and the bottom layer fish are difficult to be considered in the prior art is overcome;
(4) the invention can safely transfer fishes, and avoid the risks of injury and fishing by fishermen caused by the fishes trapped in turbulent water areas such as tail gate slots and the like for a long time;
(5) the fish luring device is provided with one or more fish inlets, under the power generation working conditions of different power stations, the fish inlets form two fish luring flow velocities of high and low, and fishes can freely select favorite fish inlets to enter, so that the fish luring device is wide in suitable working condition range.
The method is suitable for the fish collecting device of the built hydropower station to directly place the fish collecting box at the final point (namely a plant draft tube or a tail water hole) where the fishes go up, and by using the method for collecting the migratory fishes in the river channel, the fishes can be collected with brand new high efficiency; in the fish passing facility engineering, the fish collecting device is adopted to collect fish, so that the fish collecting efficiency can be improved, and the fish can be better protected.
The invention uses the guide wall to guide part or all of tail water into the fish collecting pool arranged outside the tail water hole (pipe), the water flow flows through the fish collecting pool from the water inlet and flows out from the fish inlet to form fish luring water flow, the fish is attracted to enter the fish inlet with the anti-escape bell mouth structure and is continuously gathered, and then the fish is lifted and collected by the fish collecting box arranged at the bottom of the fish collecting pool, so that the fish can be transported through the dam.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of fig. 1 at a.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of fig. 1 at B.
Fig. 4 is a downstream face view of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional structure of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the fish collection box of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-a water guide wall, 2-a fish collecting pond, 2.1-a water inlet, 2.2-a water outlet, 3-a fish inlet, 4-an escape-proof bell mouth, 5-a fish blocking facility, 6-a fish collecting box, 6.1-a water storage baffle, 6.2-a water permeable grid, 6.3-a lifting lug, 7-a lifting mechanism, 7.1-a bent frame column, 7.2-a crane, 7.3-a lifting hook, 8-a tail water channel, 9-a stilling pond, 10-a tail water platform and 11-a tail water hole/pipe.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. While the advantages of the invention will be clear and readily understood by the description.
With reference to the accompanying drawings: the invention relates to a fish collecting method of a fish elevator device for collecting fish by using tail water of a hydropower station, which comprises a fish elevator device for collecting fish by using tail water of the hydropower station, the fish elevator device for collecting fish by using tail water of the hydropower station comprises a water guide wall 1, a fish collecting pond 2, a fish collecting box 6 and a lifting mechanism 7, the water guide wall 1 is arranged on the bottom plate of a tail water hole/pipe 11 and a stilling pool 9 and/or the bottom plate of a tail water channel 8, the fish collecting pond 2 is arranged at the downstream side of the tail water hole/pipe 11 or in the stilling pool 9, the fish collecting box 6 is connected with the lifting mechanism 7, the lifting mechanism 7 is arranged on a tail water platform 10 and the fish collecting pond 2 (as shown in figure 1), partial or all tail water is guided into the fish collecting pond arranged outside the tail water hole (pipe) by using the guide wall, water flows through the fish collecting pond from a water inlet to flow out of the fish inlet to form fish luring, and the fish is sucked into a fish inlet with an escape-proof bell mouth structure and is continuously collected, and then the fish is lifted and collected by the fish collecting box arranged at the bottom of the fish collecting pond so as to be transported across a dam.
The fish collecting pond 2 is of a shaft type structure (shown in figures 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7), and can flexibly adjust the working depth and collect fishes in different water layers.
An escape-proof bell mouth 4 is arranged at the water outlet 2.2 of the fish collecting pool 2 (as shown in figure 6); the escape-proof bellmouths 4 are one or more, and the escape-proof bellmouths 4 are arranged in parallel and/or overlapped (as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6 and fig. 7), so that the working depth can be flexibly adjusted, fishes on different water layers can be collected, and the escape of the fishes can be prevented.
The anti-escape bell mouth 4 is of an inwards concave structure which extends towards the inside of the fish collecting pond 2 and the cross section of the anti-escape bell mouth is gradually reduced, a fish inlet 2.1 is arranged at the end part of the inwards concave structure of the anti-escape bell mouth 4 and is positioned in the fish collecting pond 2, and the anti-escape bell mouth 4 is of a water-permeable grid structure; the fish inlet 3 is provided with one or more than one (as shown in fig. 2, fig. 5, fig. 6 and fig. 7), the escape-proof bell mouth is used for forming a one-way passing structure that fishes easily enter and are difficult to exit, so that the fishes can enter the fish collecting pond 2 from the outer side through the escape-proof bell mouth and are difficult to escape out of the fish collecting box from the inside of the fish collecting pond 2.
A tail water platform 10 is arranged at the upper end of the tail water hole/pipe 11 or at the upper end of the tail water channel 8, the lifting mechanism 7 is arranged on the side of the tail water platform 10, and the crane 7.2 is arranged above the tail water platform 10 (as shown in fig. 1); lifting the fish collection box to a tail water platform by a crane;
a water inlet 2.1 is arranged at the side of the fish collecting pond 2 adjacent to the tail water hole/pipe 11; a water outlet 2.2 is arranged at the side of the fish collecting pond 2 (shown in figure 6) far away from the tail water hole/pipe 11; forming fish luring water flow, and facilitating fish collection in the fish collection box;
a fish blocking facility 5 is arranged at the water inlet 2.1 of the fish collecting pond 2 and is positioned between the side wall of the tail water hole/pipe 11 and the water guide wall 1 or between the side wall of the tail water channel 8 and the water guide wall 1 (as shown in fig. 6), so that fish entering the fish collecting box can be prevented from escaping.
The fish blocking facility 5 is at least one of a fish blocking electrode and a grating; the crane 7.2 is at least one of a portal crane, a bridge crane, a cantilever crane, a cable crane and an automobile crane (as shown in figures 1 and 6), and has strong applicability.
The fish collection box 6 comprises a water storage baffle 6.1 positioned at the lower end and a water permeable grid 6.2 arranged at the upper end of the water storage baffle 6.1, the water storage baffles 6.1 are provided with a plurality of blocks, the water storage baffles 6.1 enclose a square water storage structure with an opening at the upper end, a water body with a certain depth is stored through the square water storage structure, and the water depth meeting the requirements of fishes in the box body can be kept after the fish collection box rises out of the water surface; lifting lugs 6.3 are arranged on the fish collection box 6, and the fish collection box 6 is connected to the lifting mechanism 7 through the lifting lugs 6.3 (as shown in fig. 8), so that the lifting mechanism can lift the fish collection box conveniently.
The fish collecting box 6 is connected to the lifting hook 7.3 through the lifting lug 6.3; the fish collecting box 6 is connected with the fish collecting pond 2 in a sliding way through a track or a sliding block and is positioned, or is connected with the fish collecting pond in a tooth type through a gear rack and is positioned; the fish collection box 6 and the bent frame column 7.1 are slidably connected and positioned through a rail or a sliding block, or are connected and positioned through teeth of a gear rack (as shown in fig. 1 and 3).
The density of the water-permeable grating is determined according to the characteristic parameters of the fish-gathering target, such as body length, body width, body height and the like. The frame of the fish collecting box 6 is a steel frame.
With reference to the accompanying drawings: the invention relates to a fish collecting method of a fish lifting machine device for collecting fish by utilizing tail water of a hydropower station, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: under the working condition of power generation, a fish blocking facility 5 positioned at the upstream end of the fish collecting pool 2 is started, an anti-escape bell mouth 4 (shown in figure 1) is placed at a water outlet 2.2 of the fish collecting pool 2, and the fish collecting operation is started;
step two: when the power station generates power, the tail water of the power generation flows in from the water inlet 2.1 of the fish collecting pond 2 and flows out from the water outlet 2.2 (as shown in figure 6) to form a fish luring water flow, the fishes are attracted by the fish luring water flow and enter the fish collecting pond 2 along the fish inlet 3, and a proper water flow position is found for rest;
step three: when enough fish enter the fish collection pond 2, the fish collection box 6 is lifted vertically by the lifting mechanism 7 to the tail water platform 10 (shown in fig. 1-5) through the crane 7.2 and the lifting hook 7.3 and is transported across the dam.
Examples
The invention will be further explained by taking the embodiment of the invention applied to fish collection at the draft tube of a hydropower station as an example, and the invention also has a guiding function of applying the invention to fish collection of draft tubes (holes) in other regions.
A certain hydropower station is positioned in a southwest region, 6 single machines are installed together, and the single machine flow is 417m3S, divided into 3 tailsThe water tunnel can be constructed at the outlet of the tail water tunnel, and the fish lifting machine can collect fish by utilizing the power generation tail water, so that the fish collecting efficiency can be improved, and the construction and operation cost can be reduced compared with the traditional technology.
The specific contents are as follows: the water guide wall is arranged on the bottom plate of the tail water channel, the water guide wall is parallel to the outflow direction of tail water or forms a certain deflection angle with the outflow direction of the tail water, and the width and the length of the fish collecting tank are 4m and 10 m;
a water inlet is arranged on one side facing the tail water area, and the width of the water inlet is 2.5 m; the fish inlet is positioned on the side of the fish collecting pond close to the river channel, is opposite to the water inlet and has two rectangular structures with the width of 2.0m, and the distance between the two inlets is 0.6 m;
the water inlet is provided with an escape-proof bell mouth, the escape-proof bell mouth adopts a bell mouth which enables fishes to easily enter and not to easily exit, and a grid structure is adopted; each escape-proof bell mouth is 10m high and can be stacked, and the width of the bell mouth can be adjusted between 0.1m and 0.5 m;
the fish blocking electric fence is arranged at the water inlet of the fish collecting pond to block fishes in the fish collecting pond from swimming out of the water inlet, and two electrodes of the fish blocking electric fence are respectively arranged on two sides of the water inlet and do not influence water inflow;
the fish collecting box sinks at the bottom of the fish collecting pool during operation, and collects fish in the fish collecting pool during lifting operation; the fish collecting box is 3.9m wide, 9.9m long and 1.5m high, a water storage box is reserved, and only part of water for keeping fishes healthily alive can be reserved in a lifting mode.
The invention utilizes the water guide wall to guide the power generation tail water of the factory building into the fish collecting pool, and then the tail water flows out through the two fish inlets with the escape-proof bell mouths, and the two fish inlets are separated by a certain distance and form different angles with the water inlet direction, so the outflow flow rate is different, and the invention is suitable for fishes with different swimming capacities to enter; the fish blocking electrode is arranged at the water inlet end of the fish collecting pond, and a fish blocking electric field is formed during working, so that fishes are prevented from escaping from the water inlet end. The flow velocity in the fish collecting pool is slow, so that the fish can have a rest, meanwhile, baits can be put in the fish collecting pool appropriately, and the fish collecting and luring efficiency is improved.
And (4) conclusion: the fish gathering effect is high, and the fish luring flow is improved by more than one hundred times; the operation cost is only the power consumption of the equipment, and compared with the traditional technology, the operation cost can be reduced to one percent.
In order to more clearly illustrate the advantages of the fish elevator device for collecting fish by using tail water of a hydropower station and the fish collecting method thereof in comparison with the prior art, workers compare the two technical schemes, and the comparison results are as follows:
as can be seen from the above table, compared with the prior art, the fish lifting device and the fish collecting method thereof for collecting fish by using tail water of a hydropower station have the advantages of low cost, high fish collecting efficiency, adjustable working depth and capability of collecting fish in different water layers.
Other parts not described belong to the prior art.
Claims (1)
1. The fish collecting method of the fish lifting machine device for collecting fish by using tail water of the hydropower station is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: under the working condition of power generation, a fish blocking facility (5) positioned at the upstream end of the fish collecting pool (2) is started, an anti-escape bell mouth (4) is placed at the water outlet of the fish collecting pool (2), and fish collecting operation is started;
step two: when the power station generates power, the tail water of the power generation flows in from the water inlet 2.1 of the fish collecting pool (2) and flows out from the water outlet 2.2 to form a fish luring water flow, the fishes enter the fish collecting pool (2) along the fish inlet (3) under the attraction of the fish luring water flow, and a proper water flow position is found for rest;
step three: when enough fishes enter the fish collecting pond (2), the fish collecting box (6) is vertically lifted to a tail horizontal platform (10) through a crane (7.2) and a lifting hook (7.3) by a lifting mechanism (7) and is transported across a dam.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110106823A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-08-09 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Fish-aggregating device and its attracting fish method suitable for built power station |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110205995A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-09-06 | 天津天发总厂机电设备有限公司 | Power station tail water recycling treatment device and treatment method |
| CN113356157B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-06-14 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Fish collecting system and method for collecting fish by utilizing tail water of hydropower station |
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Also Published As
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| CN109736255A (en) | 2019-05-10 |
| CN114541312B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
| CN109736255B (en) | 2024-04-05 |
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