CN110016883B - Hydropower station tail water fish collecting device and fish collecting method thereof - Google Patents
Hydropower station tail water fish collecting device and fish collecting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110016883B CN110016883B CN201910133547.1A CN201910133547A CN110016883B CN 110016883 B CN110016883 B CN 110016883B CN 201910133547 A CN201910133547 A CN 201910133547A CN 110016883 B CN110016883 B CN 110016883B
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 332
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 281
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001617 migratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001363 water suppression through gradient tailored excitation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/006—Arresting, diverting or chasing away fish in water-courses or water intake ducts, seas or lakes, e.g. fish barrages, deterrent devices ; Devices for cleaning fish barriers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for collecting fish in tail water of a hydropower station. The fish collecting device comprises a fish collecting box arranged in or outside a draft tube/tail water hole, a lifting mechanism arranged above the fish collecting box and on a tail water platform, and a tail water port arranged on the tail water platform, wherein the fish collecting box is connected to the lifting mechanism; the fish collecting box is provided with a fish inlet which faces to the outer side of the draft tube/tail water hole. The invention has the advantages of improving fish gathering efficiency and better protecting fish. The invention also discloses a fish collecting method of the tail water fish collecting device of the hydropower station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical fields of hydraulic engineering and environmental protection engineering, in particular to a device for collecting fish in tail water of a hydropower station. The invention also relates to a fish collecting method of the tail water fish collecting device of the hydropower station.
Background
The hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering brings non-negligible influence on the ecological environment, especially the blocking influence on the migration passage of fish, while playing the benefits of flood control, power generation, shipping and the like. The fish passing facility is used as a fish protection measure for relieving the blocking effect of the dam, and the fish passing facility is internationally adopted for more than 300 years, so that the effects of restoring a fish migration channel and communicating gene communication of upstream and downstream fish groups are achieved. The main types of fish passing facilities include fishways, fish lifts, lifting lock chambers, and fish gathering and transporting systems. The fish gathering and transporting system is suitable for high dam engineering due to flexible arrangement, simple and convenient dam passing, physical strength saving, investment saving and the like, and has rapid development in recent years.
For fish passing facilities, the imported fish gathering efficiency is the most important link related to the fish passing effect no matter what fish passing facilities are. According to the migration habit of fishes, fishes generally have a tracing habit and trace to the forefront of a barrier obstacle (such as a dam) along a main stream, so that an optimal fishway inlet is generally arranged near the dam, but in actual conditions, fishes are often found to trace up into a draft tube of a factory building, such as a Han river trekker electric junction in 2016, a large amount of fishes in the field trace to the draft tube, and the fishes are trapped at a gate slot of a tail gate due to overlarge turbulence, so that the fish inlet effect of the fishway inlet arranged on the bank is affected, and part of fishes cannot escape and are injured.
At present, fish gathering modes of fish passing facilities generally have a plurality of modes, for a fishway, a fishway inlet is arranged at the bank side of the river, fish is induced by discharging water flow or supplementing water through the fishway, and a fish lift is generally used for inducing fish through supplementing water like the fishway, and the inlet position is generally at the bank side.
The method has the following defects:
1) The inlet is arranged at a certain position in the bank or the dam, but most fishes are attracted by the power generation tail water and enter the tail water pipe (hole) along the main flow of the tail water due to the fact that the downward leakage flow of the fish passing facilities is greatly lower than that of the tail water of a factory, so that the efficiency of the fish inlet is low; 2) The water is needed to be supplemented at the fish inlet of the fish passing facility, and the water is generally supplied from an upstream reservoir area or a building pump station, so that the energy consumption is high, and the power generation benefit is influenced; 3) The fish inlet elevation is fixed, and the fish feed is not applicable to fishes inhabiting different water layers.
Therefore, how to make the fish collecting system of the fish passing facility work more efficiently and better play the role of the fish passing facility is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The first aim of the invention is to provide a device for collecting fish in tail water of a hydropower station, which improves fish collection efficiency and protects fish better.
The second object of the invention is to provide a fish collecting method of the device for collecting fish in tail water of a hydropower station.
In order to achieve the first object of the present invention, the present invention has the following technical solutions: a device for collecting fish in tail water of a hydropower station, which is characterized in that: the fish collecting device comprises a fish collecting box arranged in or outside a draft tube/tail water hole, a lifting mechanism arranged above the fish collecting box and on a tail water platform, and a tail water port arranged on the tail water platform, wherein the fish collecting box is connected to the lifting mechanism; the fish collecting box is provided with a fish inlet which faces to the outer side of the draft tube/tail water hole.
In the technical scheme, the water baffle structure is arranged in the fish collecting box and positioned at the water inlet side of the fish collecting box, one or more water baffle structures are arranged, and the water baffle structure is horizontally arranged and/or longitudinally arranged.
In the technical scheme, one or more fish collecting boxes are arranged; when a plurality of fish collecting boxes are arranged, the plurality of fish collecting boxes are stacked and/or arranged at intervals; lifting rails are correspondingly arranged on two side walls of the draft tube/the tail water hole, and the lifting rails are arranged at tail water ports on the tail water platform; the fish collecting box is connected with the lifting rail in a sliding way through rail limiting devices arranged on two sides; the fish collecting box is provided with a lifting ring, and the fish collecting box is connected to the lifting mechanism through a lifting mechanism cable sleeved on the lifting ring.
In the technical scheme, the fish collecting box comprises a fish collecting box frame, and the track limiting devices and the hanging rings which are correspondingly arranged on two side surfaces of the fish collecting box frame, wherein the hanging rings are multiple, and the hanging rings are correspondingly arranged on the fish collecting part frame.
In the technical scheme, the fish collecting box frame comprises fish collecting part frames arranged on two sides, a water passing part frame arranged in the middle and a water storing part frame arranged at the bottom; the fish collecting part frames are arranged at one side of the water passing part frame or at the left side and the right side of the water passing part frame; the water storage part frame comprises a first water storage part frame arranged at the lower end of the fish collecting part frame, and one or more first water storage part frames are arranged; the water storage part side plate is arranged on the water storage part frame and is in a watertight plate-shaped structure.
In the above technical scheme, the water storage part frame is further including locating the second water storage part frame and the connecting channel of water storage part frame lower extreme, is equipped with the grid structure that permeates water on the second water storage part frame, the grid structure that permeates water is located the connecting channel top, through between first water storage part frame and the second water storage part frame connecting channel intercommunication each other, water storage part curb plate and water storage part frame constitute water storage structure, water storage part curb plate is located on the water storage part frame, water storage structure is square structure with the opening up.
In the above technical scheme, be equipped with the grid structure that permeates water between first water portion frame and the second water portion frame, water portion curb plate and first water portion frame constitution of depositing hold the water structure, water portion curb plate locates on the first water portion frame that deposits, it is square structure that the opening up to hold the water structure.
In the technical scheme, the rear side of the fish collecting part frame is provided with the water-permeable grid structure, the fish collecting part frame is provided with one or more escape-proof horn mouths.
In the technical scheme, the fish collecting part frame and the water permeable grid structure enclose a fish storage box, the fish inlet is communicated with the inside of the fish storage box, and the fish storage box is communicated with the water storage structure; the fish inlet is arranged at the end part of the escape-proof horn mouth and is positioned in the frame of the fish collecting part, and one or more fish inlets are arranged.
In the technical scheme, the lifting rail is vertically arranged; the track limiting device is vertically arranged on the side face of the fish box frame, and the lifting track and the track limiting device are arranged in parallel.
In order to achieve the second object of the present invention, the present invention has the following technical scheme: the fish collecting method of the device for collecting fish in tail water of the hydropower station is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step one: connecting the fish collecting box to a lifting mechanism, and lowering the fish collecting box to a proper water depth in or outside the draft tube/tail water hole by the lifting mechanism;
step two: when the tail water of the power station generates power, water flows into the fish collecting box from the rear side and flows out from the front side of the fish collecting box to form fish attracting water flow, fish is attracted by the fish attracting water flow, enters the fish collecting box along the fish inlet, and a proper water flow place is found for rest;
step three: when enough fishes enter the fish collecting box, the fish collecting box is vertically lifted to the tail horizontal table along the lifting track by the lifting mechanism.
In the above technical scheme, in the first step, the cable of the fish collection box is connected to the hanging ring on the fish collection box, and the lifting mechanism vertically drops the fish collection box to the appropriate depth of water in or outside the draft tube/tail water hole along the lifting track by dropping the cable.
In the above technical solution, in step three, during the process of lifting the fish collecting tank by the lifting mechanism, a large amount of water flows out from the water passing part frame, and a part of water flows out from the water permeable grid structure on the fish collecting tank; after the fish collecting box rises out of the water surface, the fish in the fish collecting box is concentrated in the fish storing box and the water storing structure.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) The invention utilizes the power generation tail water of the factory to the greatest extent to lure fish, has large flow and high fish collecting efficiency; according to the fish gathering device, the fish gathering is carried out in the most dense area of the fish by utilizing the characteristic of the fish in a flow direction, so that the fish gathering efficiency can be greatly improved (the fish gathering water amount is large and can generally reach more than hundred times of the fish gathering flow of a conventional fish lift); the defect that fish-attracting water flow at a fish inlet is small, cannot compete with tail water of a power station, most of fish gathers at the tail water of the power station, and the fish gathering efficiency of fish passing facilities is low in the prior art is overcome;
(2) The invention does not need additional water supplement, avoids diversion from the dam or diversion from a pump station built, and greatly saves engineering operation cost (the construction cost of a common fish lift is about 2000-4000 ten thousand yuan, and the cost of the invention is about 1000 ten thousand yuan); overcomes the defects of large water supplementing quantity and high running cost of the fish passing facility in the prior art (the invention uses the power generation tail water to lure fish, does not consume water and electric power, has lower running cost, and the fish lifting machine in the prior art generally uses an upstream water diversion or water pump to supplement water according to an average of 2.0 m) 3 Water supply amount per second is calculatedThe daily water consumption is about 17.3 ten thousand tons, the power consumption is about 1.5 ten thousand degrees of electricity, and the operation cost is higher);
(3) (3) the fish can be safely transferred, and the risk that fish is injured and caught by fishermen due to long-time trapping in turbulent water areas such as tail water gate slots is avoided;
(4) The invention can flexibly adjust the working depth and collect fish in different water layers; overcomes the defects that the fish inlet depth is fixed and the fishes at the surface layer and the bottom layer are difficult to consider in the prior art;
(5) The fish-attracting device has one or more fish inlets, and under the power generation working conditions of different power stations, the fish inlets form high and low fish-attracting flow rates, fish can freely select the favored fish inlets to enter, so that the fish-attracting device is suitable for a wide range of working conditions.
The fish collecting box is directly placed at the last point of fish tracing (namely the tail water pipe/tail water hole of the hydropower station), and the method for collecting the migratory fish in the river channel can be used for collecting the fish with brand new high efficiency; in the fish passing facility engineering, the fish collecting efficiency can be improved by adopting the fish collecting device to collect fish, meanwhile, the fish is prevented from being remained and even injured at the tail water pipe/tail water hole for a long time, and the fish is better protected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of the invention arranged at a tail gate of a hydropower station.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of the invention arranged at a tail gate of a hydropower station.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a top view of the present invention at the tail gate of a hydropower station.
Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the fish-collecting box of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the fish-collecting box of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of the fish-collecting box of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a left-view structure schematic diagram of the fish-collecting box of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the fish-collecting box of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a rear perspective view of fig. 8.
In the figure, the water storage device comprises a 1-draft tube/tail water hole, a 2-tail water port, a 3-fish collecting box, a 3.1-fish collecting box frame, a 3.11-fish collecting part frame, a 3.12-water passing part frame, a 3.13-water storage part frame, a 3.131-first water storage part frame, a 3.132-second water storage part frame, a 3.133-connecting channel, a 3.2-track limiting device, a 3.3-lifting ring, a 3.4-water permeable grid structure, a 3.5-water storage part side plate, a 3.6-fish storing box, a 3.7-water storage structure, a 3.8-escape preventing horn mouth, a 3.9-fish inlet, a 3.10-water blocking plate structure, a 4-lifting mechanism, a 5-lifting track and a 6-tail water platform.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, but is made merely by way of example. While making the advantages of the present invention clearer and more readily understood by way of illustration.
As can be seen with reference to the accompanying drawings: a device for collecting fish in tail water of a hydropower station, which is characterized in that: the fish collecting device comprises a fish collecting box 3 arranged in or outside a draft tube/tail water hole 1, a lifting mechanism 4 arranged above the fish collecting box 3 and on a tail water platform 6, wherein the lifting mechanism 4 is arranged at a tail water port 2 on the tail water platform 6, and the fish collecting box 3 is connected to the lifting mechanism 4; the fish collecting box 3 is provided with a fish inlet 3.9, the fish inlet 3.9 faces the outer side of the draft tube/tail water hole (shown in figures 1, 2 and 3), so that the drifted fish is facilitated, and the fish can conveniently enter the fish collecting box through the fish inlet in a reverse flow mode.
There is breakwater structure 3.10 to locate in the fish gathering case 3, and be located the fish gathering case 3 water inlet side, breakwater structure 3.10's shape and size are set according to actual demand, breakwater structure 3.10 has one or more, breakwater structure 3.10 is horizontal and/or is indulged and put (as shown in fig. 9), and its effect is to can block rivers, forms the slow flow region in certain region, satisfies fish's rest needs, avoids fish to swim for a long time to produce tiredly.
The fish collecting box 3 is provided with one or a plurality of fish collecting boxes; when a plurality of fish collecting boxes 3 are arranged, the plurality of fish collecting boxes 3 are stacked and/or placed at intervals, so that the working depth can be flexibly adjusted according to the requirements, and fish in different water layers can be collected;
the lifting rails 5 are correspondingly arranged on the two side walls of the draft tube/tail water hole 1, and the lifting rails 5 are arranged at the tail water port 2 on the tail water platform 6 (as shown in fig. 1 and 2); the fish collection box 3 is in sliding connection with the lifting rail 5 through rail limiting devices 3.2 arranged on two sides; the fish collecting box 3 is provided with a hanging ring 3.3 (shown in figure 4), and the fish collecting box 3 is connected to the lifting mechanism 4 through a lifting mechanism cable sleeved on the hanging ring 3.3; the lifting mechanism can be connected with and lift the fish gathering box by using a lifting ring, a lifting rail, a rail limiting device and a cable, and the rail limiting device corresponds to the lifting rail and can vertically ascend or descend along the lifting rail; the lifting mode of the lifting mechanism 4 for the fish gathering tank 3 is not limited to lifting by using a hanging ring, a lifting track, a track limiting device and a cable rope, but also comprises lifting by using other modes such as a rack and pinion type lifting machine, a crane, a gantry crane, an automobile crane and the like.
The fish collecting box 3 comprises a fish collecting box frame 3.1, a plurality of track limiting devices 3.2 and a plurality of hanging rings 3.3, wherein the track limiting devices 3.2 and the hanging rings 3.3 are correspondingly arranged on two side surfaces of the fish collecting box frame 3.1, the hanging rings 3.3 are correspondingly arranged at the upper end or the side surface or the bottom of a fish collecting part frame 3.11 (as shown in fig. 4), the hanging rings are arranged on the fish collecting box frame according to the box structure and the gravity center, the stability of the fish collecting box in the lifting process is maintained, the hanging rings are lifting points for lifting, and the hanging rings can be connected with and lift the fish collecting box through cables of a lifting mechanism; the track limiting device corresponds to the lifting track and can vertically ascend or descend along the lifting track; the fish collecting box frame is a main body connecting structure of the fish collecting box.
The fish collecting box frame 3.1 comprises fish collecting part frames 3.11 arranged on two sides, a water passing part frame 3.12 arranged in the middle part and a water storing part frame 3.13 arranged at the bottom; one or more fish collecting part frames 3.11 are arranged, and the fish collecting part frames 3.11 are arranged on one side of the water passing part frame 3.12 or on the left side and the right side of the water passing part frame 3.12; the water storage part frame 3.13 comprises a first water storage part frame 3.131 arranged at the lower end of the fish collecting part frame 3.11, and one or more first water storage part frames 3.131 are arranged; the water storage part side plate 3.5 is arranged on the water storage part frame 3.13, and the water storage part side plate 3.5 is in a watertight plate structure (as shown in figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9), and the fish collecting box frame mainly has the function of maintaining the firmness of the fish collecting box structure, so that the fish collecting box can be kept firm and stable under the impact of water flow.
The water storage part frame 3.13 further comprises a second water storage part frame 3.132 and a connecting channel 3.133 which are arranged at the lower end of the water storage part frame 3.12, a water permeable grid structure 3.4 is arranged on the second water storage part frame 3.132, the water permeable grid structure 3.4 is arranged above the connecting channel 3.133, fish is prevented from escaping from the upper end of the second water storage part frame, the first water storage part frame 3.131 and the second water storage part frame 3.132 are mutually communicated through the connecting channel 3.133, the water storage part side plate 3.5 and the water storage part frame 3.13 form a water storage structure 3.7, the water storage part side plate 3.5 is arranged on the front side surface, the rear side surface, the left side surface, the right side surface and the bottom surface of the water storage part frame 3.13, fish can freely move between the first water storage part frame and the second water storage part frame after entering the fish collecting box, the water storage structure 3.7 is of a square structure with an opening upwards (as shown in fig. 4, 5 and 8), and the water storage box can keep the fish to be in a water storage box at a certain depth to meet the water storage requirement.
The water storage device comprises a first water storage part frame 3.131 and a second water storage part frame 3.132, wherein a water permeable grid structure 3.4 is arranged between the first water storage part frame 3.131 and the second water storage part frame 3.132, a water storage structure 3.7 is formed by a water storage part side plate 3.5 and the first water storage part frame 3.131, the water storage part side plate 3.5 is arranged on the front side surface, the rear side surface, the left side surface and/or the right side surface and the bottom surface of the first water storage part frame 3.131, the water storage structure 3.7 is of a square structure with an upward opening, water with a certain depth is stored through the water storage structure, and the water depth meeting the living requirements of fishes can be kept in the fish collection box after the fish collection box rises out of the water surface.
The rear side surface of the fish part frame 3.11 is provided with a water permeable grid structure 3.4; the left side surface, the right side surface and the top surface of the fish collecting part frame 3.11 are respectively provided with a water permeable grid structure 3.4 and/or a watertight structure; the front side of the fish collecting part frame 3.11 is provided with an escape preventing horn mouth 3.8, one end of the escape preventing horn mouth 3.8 is arranged on a cross beam and/or a longitudinal beam of the fish collecting part frame 3.11, the other end extends towards the inside of the fish collecting part frame 3.11 to form an escape preventing structure with gradually reduced cross section, one or more escape preventing horn mouths 3.8 are arranged, the escape preventing horn mouths are used for forming a one-way passing structure for easily entering and difficultly exiting fish, so that the fish can enter the fish collecting box from the outside through the escape preventing horn mouths, and escape from the inside of the fish collecting box to the outside of the fish collecting box is difficult. The fish inlet 3.9 is arranged at the end part of the escape-proof horn mouth 3.8 and is positioned in the fish collecting part frame 3.11; the fish collecting part frame 3.11 and the water permeable grid structure 3.4 are enclosed to form a fish storing box 3.6, the fish inlet 3.9 is communicated with the inside of the fish storing box 3.6, the fish storing box 3.6 is communicated with the water storing structure 3.7, one or more fish inlet 3.9 are arranged, the escape preventing horn mouth 3.8 is of a water permeable grid structure (shown in fig. 4-8), and the escape preventing horn mouth and the water permeable grid structure on the rear side surface of the fish collecting part frame can prevent fish from escaping without limiting water flow in the fish collecting box; the bottom of the fish storage box is provided with an inclined bottom plate, the fish storage box is provided with a fish storage opening and a fish storage gate, and the inclined bottom plate has the function of discharging water and fish in the box completely by opening the gate.
The lifting rail 5 is vertically arranged; the track limiting device 3.2 is vertically arranged on the side surface of the fish-collecting box frame 3.1, the lifting track 5 is arranged in parallel with the side surface of the fish-collecting box frame 3.1 (as shown in fig. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8), and the limiting device of the fish-collecting box frame is matched with the track in size and has the function of ensuring that the fish-collecting box slides up and down smoothly along the track.
The density of the water-permeable grille is determined according to the characteristic parameters of the fish gathering target, such as body length, body width, body height and the like. The fish collecting box frame 3.1 is a steel frame.
As can be seen with reference to the accompanying drawings: the fish collecting method of the device for collecting fish in tail water of the hydropower station comprises the following steps:
step one: the fish collecting box 3 is connected to the lifting mechanism 4 through lifting lugs, and the lifting mechanism 4 lowers the fish collecting box 3 to a proper depth of water in or outside the draft tube/tail water tunnel 1 (shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3);
step two: when the tail water of the power station generates power, water flows in from the rear side (namely a water inlet) of the fish collecting box 3 and flows out from the front side (namely a water outlet) of the fish collecting box 3 to form fish attracting water flow, fish enters the fish collecting box 3 along a fish inlet 3.9 under the attraction of the fish attracting water flow, and a proper water flow place is found for rest;
when not generating electricity, no water flow passes through the fish collecting box 3, the fish collecting box 3 is placed into the proper water depth in or outside the tail water pipe/tail water hole 1, partial fishes randomly enter or fish attracting measures such as baits, lights and the like are placed in the box body of the fish collecting box 3, and the fishes are attracted to enter the fish collecting box 3;
step three: when enough fish enter the fish collection tank 3, the fish collection tank 3 is vertically lifted to the tail water platform 6 along the lifting track 5 by the lifting mechanism 4.
In step one, the rope of the fish-collecting tank 3 is connected to the hanging ring 3.3 on the fish-collecting tank 3, and the lifting mechanism 4 vertically lowers the fish-collecting tank 3 to a proper depth of water in or outside the draft tube/tail water hole 1 along the lifting track 5 by lowering the rope (as shown in fig. 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8).
In the third step, during the process of lifting the fish collecting box 3 by the lifting mechanism 4, a large amount of water flows out from the water passing part frame 3.12, and part of water flows out from the water permeable grid structure 3.4 on the fish collecting box 3; after the fish collecting box 3 rises out of the water surface, the fish in the fish collecting box 3 is concentrated in the fish storing box 3.6 and the water storing structure 3.7.
In order to more clearly illustrate the advantages of the tail water fish collecting device and the fish collecting method for the hydropower station compared with the prior art, workers compare the two technical schemes, and the comparison results are shown in the following table:
compared with the prior art, the device and the method for collecting fish in the tail water of the hydropower station are low in cost, high in fish collecting efficiency and capable of adjusting working depth and collecting fish in different water layers.
Other non-illustrated parts are known in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A device for collecting fish in tail water of a hydropower station, which is characterized in that: the fish collecting device comprises a fish collecting box (3) arranged in or outside a draft tube/tail water hole (1), a lifting mechanism (4) arranged above the fish collecting box (3) and on a tail water platform (6), wherein the lifting mechanism (4) is arranged at a tail water port (2) on the tail water platform (6), and the fish collecting box (3) is connected to the lifting mechanism (4); a fish inlet (3.9) is arranged on the fish collecting box (3), and the fish inlet (3.9) faces the outer side of the draft tube/tail water hole;
the fish collecting box (3) is provided with one or more than one fish collecting box; when a plurality of fish collecting boxes (3) are arranged, the plurality of fish collecting boxes (3) are stacked and/or arranged at intervals;
the fish collecting box is characterized by comprising a water baffle structure (3.10) which is arranged in the fish collecting box (3) and is positioned at the water inlet side of the fish collecting box (3), one or more water baffle structures (3.10) are arranged, and the water baffle structure (3.10) is horizontally arranged and/or longitudinally arranged;
the fish collecting box (3) comprises a fish collecting box frame (3.1);
the fish collecting box frame (3.1) comprises fish collecting part frames (3.11) arranged on two sides, a water passing part frame (3.12) arranged in the middle part and a water storing part frame (3.13) arranged at the bottom; the fish collecting part frames (3.11) are one or more, and the fish collecting part frames (3.11) are arranged at the left side and the right side of the water passing part frames (3.12); the water storage part frame (3.13) comprises a first water storage part frame (3.131) arranged at the lower end of the fish collecting part frame (3.11), and one or more first water storage part frames (3.131) are arranged; the water storage part side plate (3.5) is arranged on the water storage part frame (3.13), and the water storage part side plate (3.5) is in a watertight plate structure.
2. A hydropower station tail water fish-collecting device according to claim 1, wherein: the lifting rails (5) are correspondingly arranged on the two side walls of the draft tube/tail water hole (1), and the lifting rails (5) are arranged at the tail water port (2) on the tail water platform (6); the fish collecting box (3) is connected with the lifting rail (5) in a sliding way through rail limiting devices (3.2) arranged on two sides; the fish collecting box is characterized in that a lifting ring (3.3) is arranged on the fish collecting box (3), and the fish collecting box (3) is connected to the lifting mechanism (4) through a lifting mechanism cable sleeved on the lifting ring (3.3).
3. A hydropower station tail water fish-collecting device according to claim 2, wherein: the fish collecting box (3) further comprises rail limiting devices (3.2) and lifting rings (3.3) which are correspondingly arranged on two side surfaces of the fish collecting box frame (3.1), the lifting rings (3.3) are multiple, and the lifting rings (3.3) are correspondingly arranged on the fish collecting part frame (3.11).
4. A hydropower station tail water fish-collecting device according to claim 3, wherein: the water storage part frame (3.13) further comprises a second water storage part frame (3.132) and a connecting channel (3.133) which are arranged at the lower end of the water storage part frame (3.12), a water permeable grid structure (3.4) is arranged on the second water storage part frame (3.132), the water permeable grid structure (3.4) is located above the connecting channel (3.133), the first water storage part frame (3.131) and the second water storage part frame (3.132) are mutually communicated through the connecting channel (3.133), the water storage part side plates (3.5) and the water storage part frame (3.13) form a water storage structure (3.7), and the water storage part side plates (3.5) are arranged on the water storage part frame (3.13) and are of a square structure with an upward opening.
5. A hydropower station tail water fish-collecting device according to claim 3, wherein: be equipped with water permeable grid structure (3.4) between first water storage part frame (3.131) and second water storage part frame (3.132), water storage part curb plate (3.5) and first water storage part frame (3.131) constitute water storage structure (3.7), water storage part curb plate (3.5) are located on first water storage part frame (3.131), water storage structure (3.7) are square structure with the opening up.
6. A hydropower station tail water fish-collecting device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: the rear side surface of the fish collecting part frame (3.11) is provided with a water permeable grid structure (3.4), and the fish collecting part frame (3.11) is provided with an escape-proof horn mouth (3.8); one or more escape-proof bellmouths (3.8) are arranged.
7. The hydropower station tail water fish gathering device as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the fish collecting part frame (3.11) and the water permeable grid structure (3.4) enclose a fish storing box (3.6), the fish inlet (3.9) is communicated with the inside of the fish storing box (3.6), and the fish storing box (3.6) is communicated with the water storing structure (3.7); the fish inlet (3.9) is arranged at the end part of the escape-proof horn mouth (3.8) and is positioned in the fish collecting part frame (3.11), and one or more fish inlet (3.9) are arranged;
the lifting rail (5) is vertically arranged; the track limiting device (3.2) is vertically arranged on the side face of the fish collection box frame (3.1), and the lifting track (5) and the track limiting device (3.2) are arranged in parallel.
8. A fish gathering method for a hydropower station tail water fish gathering device as recited in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
step one: the fish collecting box (3) is connected to the lifting mechanism (4), and the lifting mechanism (4) lowers the fish collecting box (3) to a proper depth of water in or outside the draft tube/tail water hole (1);
step two: when the power station generates power, the power generation tail water flows in from the rear side of the fish collecting box (3) and flows out from the front side of the fish collecting box (3) to form fish attracting water flow, fish enters the fish collecting box (3) along the fish inlet (3.9) under the attraction of the fish attracting water flow, and a proper water flow place is found for rest;
step three: when enough fishes enter the fish collecting box (3), the fish collecting box (3) is vertically lifted to the tail water platform (6) along the lifting track (5) by the lifting mechanism (4).
9. A fish gathering method for a hydropower station tail water fish gathering device as recited in claim 8, wherein: in the first step, a cable of the fish collecting box (3) is connected to a lifting ring (3.3) on the fish collecting box (3), and the lifting mechanism (4) vertically drops the fish collecting box (3) to a proper water depth in or outside the draft tube/tail water hole (1) along the lifting track (5) by dropping the cable.
10. A fish gathering method for a hydropower station tail water fish gathering device as recited in claim 9, wherein: in the third step, in the process of lifting the fish collecting box (3) by the lifting mechanism (4), a large amount of water flows out from the water passing part frame (3.12), and part of water flows out from the water permeable grid structure (3.4) on the fish collecting box (3); after the fish collecting box (3) rises out of the water surface, the fishes in the fish collecting box (3) are concentrated in the fish storing box (3.6) and the water storing structure (3.7).
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| CN110106823B (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2023-12-01 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Fish collecting device and method suitable for built hydropower station |
| CN111155496A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-15 | 四川省泰达建设工程有限公司 | Water conservancy river trash blocking flood prevention device |
| CN111700039B (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2023-08-11 | 徐州创之社通用技术产业研究院有限公司 | A catch shrimp structure for crayfish intelligence capture system |
| CN112281772A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-01-29 | 孙汝娒 | Ecological gate moisturizing formula fishway import device |
| CN115191397B (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2023-09-22 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Sluice mechanism for fish lifting machine system tank body and fish lifting method |
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