CN204959679U - Fishway experimental apparatus - Google Patents
Fishway experimental apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN204959679U CN204959679U CN201520533966.1U CN201520533966U CN204959679U CN 204959679 U CN204959679 U CN 204959679U CN 201520533966 U CN201520533966 U CN 201520533966U CN 204959679 U CN204959679 U CN 204959679U
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- fish pass
- base plate
- lagging
- fish
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a fishway experimental apparatus relates to fish pass structure and model experiment field. The utility model discloses a fishway experimental apparatus, the fishway unit, fishway energy dissipation system, the fishway that are ladder - like distribution including a plurality of levels help the system of driving and water circulating system to constitute, and its purpose is the fish pass structure experimental apparatus that provides a simple structure, construction convenience to in the realization, high water head hydro junction's fishway building model experiment and cross fish control. The utility model discloses a fishway facility can help fish to help step by step to drive and trace back at the operation in -process, has supplementary fish in, the migration of high water head hydro junction is traced back and is consumed the advantage that the physical stamina is little, and design benefit can greatly improve the mistake fish effect of fishway.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to fish pass structure and model experiment field, specifically relates to a kind of fish pass experimental facilities that can be applicable to middle and high head key water control project.
Background technology
Now, people in order to control flood, generate electricity, the object such as water supply built a large amount of Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineerings, dam is flooded, block river, intercepts biological corridor, causes straddling fish stocks to become extinct.Once be intercepted by dam, there is habitat and population fragmentation, just may occur basin-wide extinction in the migration route of fish in river.In order to protect natural fishery resources, by building fish pass, fish migration is helped to become main measure of repairing.
But owing to lacking the structure of fish pass, flow-shape and the habit of straddling fish stocks and understanding in depth of behavior, result in most of fish pass and have larger defect in attracting effect and maintenance passageway fish muscle power etc., simultaneously, tradition fish pass is also difficult to meet the requirement of various fish to flow velocity, fluidised form, and these factors directly results in the most of fish pass of China, and to build up rear operational effect undesirable.Therefore, carry out fish channel structure and fish pass Hydraulic Characteristics in a deep going way, the construction of deep anatomy Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering also takes reclamation activities in real time to biological influencing mechanism such as fish, can make up the ecology influence of barrage building to river migration migratory fishes.Fish pass traditional at present is generally only suitable for the low water head key water control project of height of dam at 20 ~ below 25m, and fish is traced back in process and needs to expend very macro-energy.But at present China to build the scale of hydraulic engineering increasing, dam body is more and more higher, therefore in the urgent need to the research of fish pass device being applicable to high dam.
Utility model content
Utility model object is to overcome the deficiency existed in traditional fish pass, and provide a kind of fish pass experimental facilities, capture the difficult problem that existing fish pass is difficult to be applicable to middle and high head key water control project, both can assist fish migration, improve fish pass cross fish effect, fish pass length can be shortened again, reduce fish and trace back physical consumption in process.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Fish pass experimental facilities of the present utility model, comprises the fish pass unit of the stepped distribution of some levels, fish pass energy-dissipating system, fish pass helps drive system and water circulation system.
Described fish pass unit comprises fish pass both sides wall, upstream side lagging, arch chamber, downstream lagging, fish pass base plate, shunting base plate, diffluence room, groynes.Described fish pass both sides wall is positioned at the left and right sides of fish pass, and adopt circular arc, current are smooth-going, cranky, described upstream side lagging, downstream lagging, fish pass base plate, a left side for shunting base plate, right two ends are fixedly connected on the wall of fish pass both sides respectively, described upstream side lagging lower vertical is fixed on the shunting base plate rear end of level, be fixedly connected with the shunting base plate front end of adjacent upper level fish pass unit in the middle part of upstream side lagging, the fish pass base plate front end of upstream side lagging top and upper level fish pass unit is fixedly connected, described downstream lagging is fixedly connected with fish pass base plate is vertical, downstream lagging is convex arc near arched gate side, the part that downstream lagging opposite side is positioned at more than fish pass base plate is WES section overflow weir, the part being positioned at below fish pass base plate is plane.
Described arch chamber is between upstream side lagging, downstream lagging, arch chamber is enclosed by the arc concave surface of upstream side lagging, downstream lagging convex arc, fish pass base plate and fish pass both sides wall and forms, and arched gate can freely be moved up and down at arch chamber; Described fish pass base plate upper left side is that step falls bank, is diffluence room immediately below described fish pass base plate, and diffluence room encloses form by shunting base plate, fish pass base plate, downstream lagging and upstream side lagging, and described groynes is fixedly connected on the wall of fish pass both sides.
The arched gate that described fish pass energy-dissipating system comprises two bypass pipe, abatvoix, groynes, artificial bed ripples, downstream lagging and is kept in motion, described pair of bypass pipe tilts 30 ° ~ 45 ° outside the wall of fish pass both sides, connects adjacent diffluence room and step falls bank,
Described abatvoix is placed on shunting base plate, it is 3 right that described groynes has, be arranged symmetrically on the wall of fish pass both sides, first pair of groynes is fixed on fish pass unit entrance, and reverse current are arranged, second pair of groynes is fixed on fish pass both sides span from fish pass unit entrance 1/4 place, be 120 ° with water (flow) direction, the 3rd pair of groynes is fixed on wall 3/4 place, fish pass both sides, is 130 ° with water (flow) direction, described artificial bed ripples is laid on fish pass base plate, and rough surface is wavy.
Described fish pass helps drive system to comprise arched gate, hoist, and described arched gate is domes, and arched gate pumps under the driving of hoist in arch chamber, and described hoist is fixed on to be shunted on base plate and is connected to arched gate bottom.
Described water circulation system comprises upstream water tank, downstream water tank, water pump, reservoir, described upstream water tank rectangle delivery port is fixedly connected on most upstream one-level fish pass unit, described downstream water tank inlet is fixedly connected with most downstream one-level fish pass unit, downstream water outlet of water tank communicates with reservoir, and described upstream water tank is connected with the water pump in reservoir by water pipe.
The utility model also comprises porous control valve, and it is inner that described porous control valve is arranged on upstream side lagging.
As preferably, arched gate is domes, water flow load can be transmitted the stability that spandrel ensures gate.
As preferably, downstream lagging adopts WES section overflow weir, makes current more smooth-going, avoids the oversaturated generation of current dissolved oxygen in fish pass simultaneously, the physiological health of protection straddling fish stocks, and the face, weir of WES section overflow weir is thinner, can save engineering quantity.
As preferably, described upstream side lagging is central hollow, both sides lattice-shaped relative to the same fish pass unit part be positioned on fish pass base plate, the part be positioned under fish pass base plate is central hollow, the side of close hoist is the arc concave surface of lattice-shaped, opposite side is real plane, porous control valve is equipped with in inside, the timely shunt regulating of flow can be realized, inner porous control valve and the grid of both sides make to flow through upstream side lagging current evenly, be conducive to the stability of arched gate.
In the utility model, described shunting base plate is connected with adjacent two upstream side laggings and fixes as a whole, shunting base plate is equipped with abatvoix, reduces the interference that current sound is recalled fish; The upstream side lagging of described fish pass base plate and downstream lagging and next stage fish pass unit is vertical to be fixedly connected.
In the utility model, diffluence room is positioned at immediately below fish pass base plate, be made up of a part for shunting base plate, fish pass base plate, downstream lagging, upstream side lagging and fish pass both sides wall, the two bypass pipes being provided with between bank and communicating fall with the step of next stage fish pass unit in diffluence room; The bypass pipe water inlet of described pair of bypass pipe is positioned at diffluence room, is straight pipe import, and the step that the bypass pipe delivery port of two bypass pipe is positioned at next stage fish pass unit falls bank, is bend delivery port.
Fish pass experimental facilities of the present utility model can form provisional pond gradually by the rising of arched gate in running, slows down flow velocity, is conducive to fish up.Wherein, arched gate is domes, and the major part of load reaches fish pass both sides wall by arching action and remains stable.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
(1) the unique fish pass block construction design in the utility model, realize middle and high head water-control project by some grades of fish pass unit of superposition and cross fish, breach traditional fish pass and can only realize the bottleneck that low water head crosses fish, and the utility model each fish pass unit in running can form pond gradually, form the suitable fluidised form of similar natural river and hydrodynamic condition, thus auxiliary fish realize tracing back;
(2) the multistage continuous fish excessively helping the mode of driving to realize fish pass in the utility model, shortened the fish time, and reduced fish physical consumption, improved fish efficiency;
(3) the special setting of the upstream side lagging in the utility model, can realize the timely shunt regulating of flow, and inner porous control valve and the grid of both sides make to flow through upstream side lagging current evenly mild, is conducive to the stability protecting arched gate;
(4) groynes can improve current, dissipation flow energy, for fish provide timeout district, is more conducive to the backtracking of fish;
(5) abatvoix in the utility model can reduce current sound, reduces the impact that the nature underwater sound is recalled fish.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is fish pass experimental facilities operating fish pass block construction figure;
In figure: 1, encircle chamber, 2, arched gate, 3, downstream lagging, 4, upstream side lagging, 5, fish pass base plate, 6, shunting base plate, 7, abatvoix, 8, diffluence room, 9, bypass pipe delivery port, 10, two bypass pipe, 11, bypass pipe water inlet, 12, groynes, 13, porous control valve, 14, artificial bed ripples, 15, hoist, 16, upstream water tank, 17, fish pass both sides wall, 18, downstream water tank, 19, water pump, 20, reservoir.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and detailed description of the invention, the utility model is described in further detail:
The front and back ends of the application's name is with water from upstream flow to downstream, consistent with water (flow) direction, and be front end near one end of head, the other end is rear end, just in order to use is described, is not limited this device.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, fish pass experimental facilities of the present utility model, helps drive system and water circulation system to form by the fish pass unit of the stepped distribution of some levels, fish pass energy-dissipating system, fish pass.
Fish pass unit comprises fish pass both sides wall 17, upstream side lagging 4, arch chamber 1, downstream lagging 3, fish pass base plate 5, shunting base plate 6, diffluence room 8, groynes 12.Fish pass both sides wall 17 is positioned at the left and right sides of fish pass, and adopt arc-shaped structure, current are smooth-going, cranky, upstream side lagging 4, downstream lagging 3, fish pass base plate 5, a left side for shunting base plate 6, right two ends are fixedly connected on fish pass both sides wall 17 respectively, upstream side lagging 4 lower vertical is fixed on shunting base plate 6 rear end of level, be fixedly connected with shunting base plate 6 front end of adjacent upper level fish pass unit in the middle part of upstream side lagging 4, upstream side lagging 4 top is fixedly connected with fish pass base plate 5 front end of upper level fish pass unit, downstream lagging 3 is fixedly connected with fish pass base plate 5 is vertical, downstream lagging 3 is convex arc near arched gate 2 side, the part that downstream lagging 3 opposite side is positioned at fish pass base plate more than 5 is WES section overflow weir, the part being positioned at fish pass base plate less than 5 is plane.Arch chamber 1 is between upstream side lagging 4 and downstream lagging 3, arch chamber 1 is enclosed by the convex arc of the arc concave surface of upstream side lagging 4, downstream lagging 3, fish pass base plate 5 and fish pass both sides wall 17 and forms, and arched gate 2 can freely be moved up and down at arch chamber 1; Fish pass base plate 5 upper left side is that step falls bank, is diffluence room 8 immediately below fish pass base plate 5, and diffluence room 8 is enclosed by shunting base plate 6, fish pass base plate 5, downstream lagging 3 and upstream side lagging 4 and forms, and groynes 12 is fixedly connected on fish pass both sides wall 17.
The arched gate 2 that fish pass energy-dissipating system comprises two bypass pipe 10, abatvoix 7, groynes 12, artificial bed ripples 14, downstream lagging 3 and is kept in motion, two bypass pipe 10 tilts 30 ° ~ 45 ° to connect adjacent diffluence room 8 outside fish pass both sides wall 17 and step falls bank, bypass pipe water inlet 11 is arranged in upper level diffluence room 8, and bypass pipe delivery port 9 is arranged in next stage diffluence room 8; Abatvoix 7 is placed on shunting base plate 6, it is three right that groynes 12 has, be arranged symmetrically on fish pass both sides wall 17, first pair of groynes 12 is fixed on fish pass unit entrance, reverse current are arranged, second pair of groynes 12 is fixed on fish pass both sides wall 17, circular arc distance fish pass unit entrance 1/4 place, be 120 ° of angles with water (flow) direction, 3rd pair of groynes 12 is fixed on wall 3/4 place, wall 17 fish pass limit, fish pass both sides, be 130 ° of angles with water (flow) direction, artificial bed ripples 14 is laid on fish pass base plate 5, and rough surface is wavy.
Fish pass helps drive system to comprise arched gate 2, hoist 15, and arched gate 2 is domes, and arched gate 2 pumps under the driving of hoist 15 in arch chamber 1, and hoist 15 is fixed on to be shunted on base plate 6 and is connected to arched gate 2 bottom.
Water circulation system comprises upstream water tank 16, downstream water tank 18, water pump 19, reservoir 20, upstream water tank 16 rectangle delivery port is fixedly connected on most upstream one-level fish pass unit, downstream water tank 18 water inlet is fixedly connected with most downstream one-level fish pass unit, downstream water tank 18 delivery port communicates with reservoir 20, and upstream water tank 16 is connected with the water pump 19 in reservoir 20 by water pipe.
This fish pass experimental facilities forms room, fish pass pond successively by multistage fish pass unit, relay conveying fish migration, and realize tracing back of straddling fish stocks, in the present embodiment, operation method comprises the following steps:
Step one, open water pump 19 power switch, make to be full of water in water tank and fish pass device, migratory fish is put into downstream water tank 18 near first order fish pass unit place, regulate porous control valve 13 aperture by fish pass flow-control in optimum range, fish enter first order fish pass unit by self migration ability;
Step 2, arched gate 2 start slowly to rise under hoist 15 drives, and first order fish pass unit forms pond, heading up gradually, forms the flow velocity being adapted to fish migration, fish is advanced into second level fish pass unit;
Step 3, after the fish in first order fish pass unit are all up, hoist 15 drives the arched gate 2 of second level fish pass unit slowly to rise, second level fish pass unit forms pond gradually, heading up, slows down flow velocity, and the fish of this grade of fish pass unit is all up;
While step 4, execution step 3, the arched gate 2 of first order fish pass unit starts to decline under hoist 15 drives, and returns to original state, completes one-period;
Step 5, fish pass at different levels help step by step the mode of driving by step 3, four process constantly complete, until fish enter upstream water tank 16 completely;
Fish pass experimental facilities of the present utility model can be applicable to middle and high head Large Hydro-Junction engineering and crosses fish, compensate for existing fish pass and can only be applicable to the shortcoming that low water head crosses fish, and substantially reduce the length of fish pass.
Claims (4)
1. a fish pass experimental facilities, is characterized in that: comprise the fish pass unit of the stepped distribution of some levels, fish pass energy-dissipating system, fish pass help drive system, water circulation system,
Described fish pass unit comprises fish pass both sides wall (17), upstream side lagging (4), arch chamber (1), downstream lagging (3), fish pass base plate (5), shunting base plate (6), diffluence room (8), described fish pass both sides wall (17) are positioned at the left and right sides of fish pass, and the left and right two ends of described upstream side lagging (4), downstream lagging (3), fish pass base plate (5), shunting base plate (6) are fixedly connected on fish pass both sides wall (17) respectively; Described upstream side lagging (4) lower vertical is fixed on shunting base plate (6) rear end of level, upstream side lagging (4) middle part is fixedly connected with shunting base plate (6) front end of adjacent upper level fish pass unit, and fish pass base plate (5) front end of upstream side lagging (4) top and upper level fish pass unit is fixedly connected; Described downstream lagging (3) is fixedly connected with fish pass base plate (5) is vertical; Described arch chamber (1) is positioned between upstream side lagging (4), downstream lagging (3), for step falls bank above described fish pass base plate (5), be diffluence room (8) immediately below described fish pass base plate (5), diffluence room (8) is enclosed by shunting base plate (6), fish pass base plate (5), downstream lagging (3) and upstream side lagging (4) and forms;
The arched gate (2) that described fish pass energy-dissipating system comprises two bypass pipe (10), abatvoix (7), groynes (12), artificial bed ripples (14), downstream lagging (3) and is kept in motion, two bypass pipes (10) for connecting adjacent diffluence room (8) tilt 30 ° ~ 45 ° to be arranged at outside, fish pass both sides wall (17), bypass pipe water inlet (11) is arranged in upper level diffluence room (8), and bypass pipe delivery port (9) is arranged in next stage diffluence room (8), described abatvoix (7) is arranged in shunting base plate (6), it is three right that described groynes (12) has, be arranged symmetrically on fish pass both sides wall (17), first pair of groynes (12) is fixed on fish pass unit downstream entrance sidewall, edge is that 180 ° of reverse current are arranged with main stem water (flow) direction, second pair of groynes (12) is fixed on distance fish pass unit downstream entrance sidewall 1/4 place, fish pass both sides wall (17), be 120 ° of angles with water (flow) direction, 3rd pair of groynes (12) is fixed on distance fish pass unit downstream entrance sidewall 3/4 place, fish pass both sides wall (17), be 130 ° of angles with water (flow) direction, described artificial bed ripples (14) is laid on fish pass base plate (5), rough surface is wavy,
Described fish pass helps drive system to comprise arched gate (2), hoist (15), pump in arch chamber (1) under the driving of hoist (15), described hoist (15) is fixed on shunting base plate (6) and goes up and be connected to arched gate (2) bottom;
Described water circulation system comprises upstream water tank (16), downstream water tank (18), water pump (19), reservoir (20), the rectangle delivery port of described upstream water tank (16) is fixedly connected on upstream one-level fish pass unit, described downstream water tank (18) water inlet is fixedly connected with downstream one-level fish pass unit, downstream water tank (18) delivery port communicates with reservoir (20), and described upstream water tank (16) is connected with the water pump (19) in reservoir (20) by water pipe.
2. fish pass experimental facilities according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described upstream side lagging (4) is central hollow, both sides lattice-shaped relative to the same fish pass unit part be positioned on fish pass base plate (5); Upstream side lagging (4) is central hollow relative to the same fish pass unit part be positioned under fish pass base plate (5), and upstream side lagging (4) is the arc concave surface of lattice-shaped near the side of hoist (15), opposite side is real plane; Described downstream lagging (3) is convex arc near arched gate (2) side, and the part that downstream lagging (3) opposite side is positioned at more than fish pass base plate (5) is WES section overflow weir, and being positioned at fish pass base plate (5) part is below plane.
3. fish pass experimental facilities according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described arch chamber (1) is enclosed by the arc concave surface of upstream side lagging (4), downstream lagging (3) convex arc, fish pass base plate (5) and fish pass both sides wall (17) and forms.
4. the fish pass experimental facilities according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that: also comprise porous control valve (13), and it is inner that described porous control valve (13) is arranged on upstream side lagging (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520533966.1U CN204959679U (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2015-07-22 | Fishway experimental apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520533966.1U CN204959679U (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2015-07-22 | Fishway experimental apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN204959679U true CN204959679U (en) | 2016-01-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201520533966.1U Expired - Fee Related CN204959679U (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2015-07-22 | Fishway experimental apparatus |
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| CN (1) | CN204959679U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107211931A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-09-29 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of experimental provision of the suitable hydrologic condition in researching fish habitat |
| CN113068639A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-07-06 | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 | Fish traceability study device |
| CN114892587A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-08-12 | 三峡大学 | Experimental method for simulating influence of water inlet contraction accelerated flow of hydropower station on fish body |
-
2015
- 2015-07-22 CN CN201520533966.1U patent/CN204959679U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107211931A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-09-29 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of experimental provision of the suitable hydrologic condition in researching fish habitat |
| CN107211931B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2021-02-02 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Experimental device for research suitable hydrological condition of fish habitat |
| CN114892587A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-08-12 | 三峡大学 | Experimental method for simulating influence of water inlet contraction accelerated flow of hydropower station on fish body |
| CN114892587B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2023-09-19 | 三峡大学 | Experimental method for simulating influence of shrinkage and acceleration flow of water inlet of hydropower station on fish body |
| CN113068639A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-07-06 | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 | Fish traceability study device |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160113 Termination date: 20160722 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |